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1

Internal Transport (44) & Gas Exchange (46)

Sponges

(31-1)

Open circulatory systems

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2

Closed circulatory systems

“hearts”

Vertebrate circulatory systems

1

1

1 2

1-2

2

Human circulatory system

Heartbeat control & contraction cycle

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3

Human circulatory system: circuits Blood vessels

Blood vessels: capillaries

(46.9)

Blood vessels: venules & veins

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4

Nervous system control

Korotkoff sounds

Sphygmomanometer

systolic, diastolic

Blood

~92%

~7%

~55% ~45%

~1%

Differentiation of blood cells (Wikipedia)

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5

Immune responses (45-1)

T cells B cells neutrophils

Blood

~92%

~7%

~55% ~45%

~1%

B & T cells

(macrophage)

thrombocytes

Lymphatic system

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6

Sponges

(31-1)

Gas exchange Gas exchange

Gills Gills Countercurrent exchange

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7

Lungs

Human respiratory system Human ventilation/breathing

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8

Human respiratory system: control

pons

medulla

Respiratory pigments

hemocyanin hemoglobin

PO2 = 40 mm

PCO2 = 46 mm

PO2 = 100 mm

PCO2 = 40 mm

Partial pressure gradients

Gases in blood Oxygen Carbon dioxide NO = nitric oxide

~10%

~30%

~60%