Internal Assessment DUE NEXT CLASS!!! WWII Battles Assignment
DUE TODAY!!! Quiz Today ~ Clear your desk NO PHONES!!!!! 1/30 &
2/2 Slide 2 Diplomacy During WWII The Brewing Conflicts Slide 3
Atlantic Charter August 1941 Contribution & Meaning Acted as
clarification that America was supporting Britain in the war (FDR
& Churchill) The eight principal points of the Charter were: no
territorial gains were to be sought by the United States or the
United Kingdom; territorial adjustments must be in accord with the
wishes of the peoples concerned; all people had a right to
self-determination;self-determination trade barriers were to be
lowered; trade barriers there was to be global economic cooperation
and advancement of social welfare; the participants would work for
a world free of want and fear; the participants would work for
freedom of the seas;freedom of the seas there was to be disarmament
of aggressor nations, and a post-war common disarmament. 1) It
publicly affirmed the sense of solidarity between the U.S. and
Great Britain against Axis aggression. 2) it laid out President
Roosevelts Wilsonian-vision for the postwar world; one that would
be characterized by free exchanges of trade, self-determination,
disarmament, and collective security. 3) the Charter ultimately did
serve as an inspiration for colonial subjects throughout the Third
World, from Algeria to Vietnam, as they fought for independence.
Slide 4 Casablanca Conference - January 14 24, 1943. Casablanca,
Morocco Focused on coordinating Allied military strategy against
the Axis powers Concentrate efforts vs. the Germans to draw German
forces away from E. front Also, invade Sicily & Italian
mainland to knock Italy out of war Unconditional Surrender
Destruction of philosophy Policy of unconditional surrender was an
outgrowth of Allied war aims (Atlantic Charter) Wanted to avoid
situation of TOV and post WWI Slide 5 Tehran Conference - Tehran,
Iran, between November 28 and December 1, 1943. FDR, Churchill,
& Stalin Agreed to Operation Overload (US & Britain opening
a second front in the west, long called for by Stalin) Soviet Union
would declare war on Japan after Germany was defeated (US would
recognize some territorial land claims by SU) Stalin agreed to
allow Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia would be reincorporated into
the Soviet Union only after the citizens of each republic voted
Stalin stressed, however, that that the matter would have to be
resolved in accordance with the Soviet constitution, and that he
would not consent to any international control over the elections.
Germany into Allied zones of occupation Slide 6 Declaration on
Liberated Europe signed at the Yalta Conference 1945 Signed by US,
Britain, & Soviet Union Countries & territory previously
under Axis (Nazi) control would solve their economic &
political problems by democratic means The right of all people to
choose the form of government under which they will live (Atlantic
Charter) By signing this document you have two political ideologies
clashing Democracy vs. Communism Why would Stalin and the Soviet
Union agree to this? Slide 7 Wartime Experience US 1941 FDR &
Churchill issue Atlantic Charter 1941 US entered war after Pearl
Harbor Fielded army of 9 million No damage or loss of factories,
oil reserves, or other resources 400,000 military deaths $341
billion dollars spent Advocated for United Nations and free
elections USSR Stalin signed non aggression pact in 1939 Entered
WWII in 1941 when Germany invaded 25% of Soviet factories and
resources destroyed by Germans 10 million military and another
10-12 million civilian deaths No major victory until Stalingrad
$192 billion spent on the war Insisted on friendly/and or communist
govt or buffer zone between W. Europe and Soviets Slide 8 Yalta
Conference - February 411, 1945 Yalta Russia FDR, Churchill, &
Stalin Knew Allied victory in Europe was inevitable & Pacific
War was near ending Soviets would be granted Sphere of Influence in
Manchuria for participation in Pacific Theater Discussed future of
Germany, E. Europe, and United Nations Future governments of the
Eastern European nations bordering the Soviet Union should be
friendly to the Soviet regime while the Soviets pledged to allow
free elections in all territories liberated from Nazi Germany.
Security Council = 5 permanent members in the UN Yet after FDRs
death, Harry Truman took over and US & SU clashed over E.
Europe Slide 9 Yalta Conference Met to discuss plans of defeat of
Germany & world order after WWII ~ many details left undecided
led to conflict later Soviet Union would enter the war against
Japan and as a result would be granted sphere of influence in
Manchuria Germany would be divided into different occupation zones
but Big Three would enact common policies and plans in each zone
Soviet Union entitled to compensation for destruction of property
and industry that occurred on Soviet territory during the war
Soviet Union agreed to free elections in Eastern Europe Slide 10
Potsdam Conference - Potsdam, Germany, from July 17 to August 2,
1945 Major Issue = How to handle Germany Demilitarized & disarm
into 4 zones of allied occupation (US, Britain, France, & SU)
Industry for military purposes dismantled Edu. & judicial
systems would be purged of any authoritarian influence Repeal all
discriminatory laws from Nazi era & arrest & trials of
those Germans deemed to be war criminals German Soviet Polish
bordersmany Germanys in Poland, Czech, & Hungary deported
Germans back to within the 4 zones occupied the allies United
States, Great Britain, and China released the Potsdam Declaration
threatened Japan with prompt and utter destruction US believed that
they were the only country with nuclear capabilitySU were well
aware of US nuclear program Slide 11 Potsdam Conference In months
following Yalta the Soviets consolidated control of E. Europe and
not lived up to their promises of free elections Allied controlled
commission to run Germany until decision could be reached on new
German govt Germany would be demilitarized, de-nazified, divided
into 4 occupation zones Capital of Berlin was divided into 4 zones
4 occupying nations could affect how the country and city would
rebuild after the war Western border of Germany settled Slide 12
Exit Card The Atlantic Charter was a precursor to what post WWII
international peacekeeping agency? Who were the two Superpowers at
the end of WWII? Describe two conferences and their outcomes during
WWII discussed today in class.
