Internal Anatomy ofInternal Anatomy ofTeethTeeth

Internal Anatomy ofInternal Anatomy ofTeethTeeth

Dr. Mohammad HammadDr. Mohammad Hammad

•Endodontics is a specialty of dentistry, that deals with the tooth pulp and tissues surrounding the root of a tooth.

• Why do we need to perform root canal treatment?

(1) Irreversibly inflamed pulp (pulpitis).(2) Pulp Necrosis.

• What are the general steps of root canal treatment?

(1)Access cavity.(2)Cleaning and shaping of the canals.(3)Obturation (filling) of the canals.

• Root canal system: chamber and canals. • Root canals begins at the orifice and ends

at the apical foramen.• Most root canals are curved.• Accessory canals: small canals extending

from pulp to peridontium (horizontal, vertical, lateral or furcational).

Basic anatomy of a molar tooth

Vertucci’s canal configuration

• A root with a tapering canal and a single foramen is the exception rather than the rule.

• Type I: single canal extending from pulp chamber to the apex (1).

• Type II: Two separate canals leaving the pulp chamber but join short from the apex (2-1).

• Type III: one canal leaving the pulp chamber that divides into 2 canals then merges again to exit as one canal (1-2-1).

• Type IV: two separate canals extending from pulp chamber to apex (2).

• Type V: One canal leaving the pulp chamber and divides and exits the apex as two separate canals (1-2).

• Type VI: two separate canals leaving the pulp chamber then unite to form one canal then divides and exit as two canals (2-1-2).

• Type VII: One canal leaving the pulp chamber then divides into two canals then unite to form one canal then re-divides and exit as two canals (1-2-1-2).

• Type VIII: three separate canals leaving the pulp chamber and exit the apex (3).

Wein’s four possible canal configurations

Apical root anatomy

• Apical constriction=minor apical diameter: the narrowest part of the canal.• Apical foramen= major apical

diameter.• Cementodentinal junction. • AF not usually coincident with

anatomical apex.

Apical

constriction

Apical

foramen

1mm

Anatomical

apex

2mm