Intermediate Referee Course OBJECTIVES Understand tactics and strategy found in U-12 matches Better understand referee and assistant referee duties & responsibilities

Intermediate Referee Course

OBJECTIVES

Understand tactics and strategy found in U-12 matches

Better understand referee and assistant referee duties & responsibilities

Emphasize referee team work




Utilize the diagonal system of control effectively

Communicate effectively and correctly

Increased knowledge of Offside

Identify all fouls and all forms of misconduct

OBJECTIVES



Understand and manage interactions between coaches, players and officials

Understand the AYSO National Referee Program

Become adept with AYSO Rules and Regulations.

OBJECTIVES

Intermediate Referee Course - Lesson 1

CHARACTERISTICS OF U-12 PLAYERS


Physical/Gross Motor Development:

Still somewhat uncoordinated

Soccer skills are being refined

Social and Emotional Development:

Boys and girls are both transitioning from childhood into adolescence

Each has a strong need for recognition from fellow players


Cognitive/Thought Development:

Finds it difficult to control emotions when under pressure or in adverse conditions.

They have less regard for adult values than they had in younger years


Mental and physical skills begin to be balanced

They occasionally display childish behavior and have a tendency for horseplay

Individuals at this age are self-critical, so referees must be positive in their approach

General:


The Field of Play:

Goals:

Touchline: Maximum – 130 yardsMinimum – 100 yards

Goal Line: Maximum – 100 yardsMinimum – 50 yards

8 feet high8 yards wide

Ball:

Size 4


Teams:Maximum of 12 on the roster.

Nine players per teamon the field (9v9).

One of which is the goalkeeper.

Game Duration:Two 30-minute halves.

Substitutions approx. 15 minutes into the each half.Halftime break is 5-10 minutes.

Note that FIFA permits five (5) modifications to the Laws for youth matches.


In AYSO,It’s about more than the game !


OBJECTIVES OF THE GAME

ATTACKERS: DEFENDERS:



ATTACKERS: DEFENDERS:SCORE



ATTACKERS: DEFENDERS:SCORE STOP SCORING




ADVANCE




ADVANCE DELAY




ADVANCE DELAY

MAINTAIN POSSESSION




ADVANCE DELAY

MAINTAIN POSSESSION REGAIN POSSESSION




ADVANCE DELAY

MAINTAIN POSSESSION REGAIN POSSESSION


PRINCIPLES OF PLAY

ATTACKERS: DEFENDERS:


PRINCIPLES OF PLAY

ATTACKERS: DEFENDERS:PENETRATION


PRINCIPLES OF PLAY

ATTACKERS: DEFENDERS:PENETRATION DELAY


PRINCIPLES OF PLAY


DEPTH


PRINCIPLES OF PLAY


DEPTH DEPTH


PRINCIPLES OF PLAY


DEPTH DEPTH

MOBILITY


PRINCIPLES OF PLAY


DEPTH DEPTH

MOBILITY BALANCE


PRINCIPLES OF PLAY


DEPTH DEPTH

MOBILITY BALANCE

WIDTH


PRINCIPLES OF PLAY


DEPTH DEPTH

MOBILITY BALANCE

WIDTH CONCENTRATION


PRINCIPLES OF PLAY


DEPTH DEPTH

MOBILITY BALANCE

WIDTH CONCENTRATION

CREATIVITY


PRINCIPLES OF PLAY


DEPTH DEPTH

MOBILITY BALANCE

WIDTH CONCENTRATION

CREATIVITY COMPOSURE


PRINCIPLES OF PLAY


DEPTH DEPTH

MOBILITY BALANCE

WIDTH CONCENTRATION

CREATIVITY COMPOSURE


Reading the Game


A

R

D

D

What is this Attacker’s Objective?

AR

What is this Defender’s Objective?

U-12 Match

The Attacker has lost the ball. NOW what

is his Objective?

What is this Defender’s NEW Objective?

Where does the Referee want to move?


A

R

D

D


AR


U-12 Match

What should the Referee anticipate?

AD


A

R

D

D


AR


U-12 Match

What should the Referee anticipate?

A

DD


Checking for LearningFIFA permits certain modifications to the Laws of the Game. How many general modifications

do they allow?

Five

What are they?

•Size of the field of play•Size, weight and material of the ball•Width between the goalposts and the height

of the crossbar•Duration of the periods of play•Substitutions


Checking for Learning

What is the maximum and minimum length of the touchline?

Maximum: 130 yardsMinimum: 100 yards

Name three of the five Attacking Principles.

Penetration – Advancing the ballDepth – Supporting teammates

Mobility – Creating attacking opportunitiesWidth – Attacking on a broad front

Creativity – Individual flair



Name three of the five Defending Principles.

Delay – Slowing down the attackDepth – Supporting teammates

Balance – Reading the attack; adjusting positionConcentration – Compressing the attack

Composure – Patience




FOULS


In order to be a Foul, the incident must be committed:

1.By a player2.Against an opposing player3.On the field of play4.While the ball is in play

All four criteria MUST be met, or it isn’t a foul !

FOULSWrite these down !!


FOULS

There are two types of fouls:

and

Indirect Free Kick Fouls

Direct Free Kick Fouls

There are ten of them

Seven “conditional” fouls.Must be committed in a manner considered by the referee to be:•Careless•Reckless•Using excessive force

Three “un-conditional” fouls.If they happened….then they’re fouls


Direct Free Kick FoulsSeven “conditional” fouls

1. Kicks or attempts to kick an opponent

2. Trips or attempts to trip an opponent

3. Strikes or attempts to strike an opponent

4. Jumps at an opponent

5. Charges an opponent

6. Pushes an opponent

7. Tackles an opponent
















The “Conditions”

Careless – the player has not used due caution in making a play.

Reckless – the player has made unnatural movements designed to intimidate an opponent or to gain an unfair advantage.

Excessive Force – the player has far exceeded the use of force necessary to make a fair play for the ball and has endangered an opponent.


The remaining three DFK fouls are:

• Holds an opponent

• Spits at an opponent

• Handles the ball deliberately (except for the goalkeeper within his own penalty area)

(This is a foul against the opposing team)

• Holds an opponent

• Spits at an opponent

• Handles the ball deliberately (except for the goalkeeper within his own penalty area)


Indirect Free Kick Fouls

Four that are committedsolely by the goalkeeper

The IFK fouls fall into two groups:

Three that can be committed by anyone.


1. Takes more than six seconds while controlling the ball with his hands before releasing it from his possession.

2. Touches the ball again with his hands after releasing it from his possession and before it has been touched by any other player.

Four IFK Fouls committed solely by the

goalkeeper


3. Touches the ball with his hands after it has been deliberately kicked to him by a team-mate

4. Touches the ball with his hands after he has received it directly from a throw-in taken by a team-mate.

Four IFK Fouls committed solely by the

goalkeeper


1.Plays in a dangerous manner

2. Impedes the progress of an opponent

3.Prevents the goalkeeper from releasing the ball from his hands

Three IFK Fouls committed by anyone


Philosophy of Refereeing

The Laws of the Game are intended to provide that games should be played with as little interference as possible, and in this view it is the duty of the referee to penalize only deliberate breaches of the Law.

Constant whistling for trifling and doubtful breaches produces bad feelings and loss of temper on the part of the players and spoils the pleasure of spectators.


Law 5: Advantage

The referee “allows play to continue when the team against which an offense has been committed will benefit from such an advantage . . . “

If the advantage situation does not benefit the offended team within 2-3 seconds, the referee should stop the match and penalize the original foul


Law 5: Advantage

• The ability to thwart the offender’s unfair actions by allowing play to continue is unique to soccer

• Once the referee has negated the foul’s influence on play, she can and should, discipline the player (later) for misconduct if appropriate.

• The Law specifies that if no benefit arises for the team against which the offense was committed, the referee MAY use its absence to cancel his decision, even if he has signaled “Advantage … Play On.”


Advantage: Case Studies

A tripped attacker stumbles but keeps her feet and takes a shot on goal. What does the referee do?



A tripped attacker stumbles but keeps her feet. However, in stumbling, she is unable to maintain

possession of the ball and it is collected by a defender. What does the referee do?



A tripped attacker stumbles but keeps her feet and passes the ball to a teammate, but the ball sails over the touch line out of

play. What does the referee do?



A tripped attacker stumbles and falls, but the ball goes directly to her teammate who

continues toward goal. What does the referee do?


. .

POSSIBLY DOUBTFUL RARELY




MISCONDUCT


77Cautions How many?


P U D D L E D


ersistently infringes the Laws of the Game

nsporting behaviour

issent – by word or action

elays the restart of play

eaves the field of play (deliberately) without the referee’s permission

nters or re-enters the field of play without the referee’s permission

istance – Fails to respect the required distance when play is restarted with a corner kick, free kick or throw-in

P

U

D

D

L

E

D


77Send Offs How many?


S A V S 2 DOGS


S erious foul play

A busive, offensive, insulting language or gesture

V iolent conduct

S pits at anyone

DOGS (denies an obvious goalscoring opportunity) by deliberately handling the ball

DOGS (denies an obvious goalscoring opportunity) by an offence punishable by a free kick or a penalty kick

2 nd caution in the same match


MISCONDUCT

If play is stopped to issue a caution or send-off in conjunction with the commission of a foul, the restart would be an IFK, a DFK or a PK as

appropriate.

A player may carry out a combination of Misconduct and Foul, and the referee may sanction either or both


MISCONDUCT

If the referee stops play for misconduct only, the restart will be:

•Indirect Free Kick if the misconduct is committed on the field of play (by a player or substitute)

•Dropped ball otherwise (typically when misconduct occurs off the field of play)


MISCONDUCT

• Cards are only shown to players or substitutes.

• Cards are NEVER shown to coaches or other team officials, although they may be verbally warned or dismissed.

• A report must be submitted to the proper authority in either situation.


A “look”

Suspend

Send Off

Caution

Whistle

Warn

Talk

Terminate

The steps of control:



If a player jumps up-and-down to obstruct or prevent a player from carrying out a throw-in, is

this a foul or misconduct?

Misconduct (Unsporting Behavior)

What is the offense if a player forcefully strikes an opponent while they are competing for the

ball?

Serious Foul Play



What is the offense if a player strikes another player while waiting for a corner kick to be taken?

Violent Conduct

What are the three DFK fouls for which even the attempt can be a foul?

Kicking or attempting to kick an opponentTripping or attempting to trip an opponent

Striking or attempting to strike an opponent


Checking for LearningWhat are the seven “conditional” DFK fouls?











The Offside Law is the only law that restricts tactical positioning during dynamic play.

OFFSIDE

The offside law is intended to ensure that players earn the right to shoot on goal.


Elements of the offside infraction:

1.Position

2.Time of Judgment

3.Active Involvement

All three elements must be present or there cannot be an

infraction

OFFSIDE


OFFSIDE

Offside PositionA Player is in an offside position if he is:

1.In the opponents’ half of the field;2.Closer to the opponents’ goal line than at

least two opponents; and3.Closer to the opponents’ goal line than the

ball

All three elements must be present or the player is not in an offside position, and

there cannot be an infraction


Offside Position

It is not an offence to be in an offside positionIt just means that player ismomentarily off his team.

He cannot interfere with play or any of the opposing players.

He cannot have any involvement in the match.He is off his team.


OFFSIDE

Time of Judgment

Offside Position is judged at the momentthe ball touches or is played by one of his

team


OFFSIDE

Active Involvement

A player may be involved in active play by:

1.Interfering with play;

2.Interfering with an opponent; or

3.Gaining an advantage by being in that position.


OFFSIDE

Once these three conditions have been met:POSITIONTIME OF JUDGMENTACTIVE INVOLVEMENT

An offside infraction has occurred

(If you aren’t sure it’s offside, don’t signal it)

An indirect free kick is awarded to the opposing team from the place the infringement occurred.


OFFSIDE

Exceptions

There is no offence if a player receives the ball directly from:

Goal Kick

Corner Kick

Throw-In


A

AR

D

D

A

Direction of attack

OFFSIDE

A1A2

A


A

AR

D

D

A

Direction of attack

NOT OFFSIDE

A1A2 A


A

AR

D

D

A

Direction of attack

NOT OFFSIDE

A1A2 A

AA3


A

AR

D

Direction of attack

OFFSIDE

A

A

D

Deflection off Defender

A2

A1


A

AR

D

D

A

Direction of attack

WAIT AND SEE

A1A3 A

AA2

A4A


A

AR

D

D

A

Direction of attack

NOT OFFSIDE

Goal Kick

A1A2

A


A

AR

D

Direction of attack

NOT OFFSIDE

A

D


A

AR

D

Direction of attack

OFFSIDEA

D

A


A

AR

DD

Direction of attack

OFFSIDE

A

Deflection off goalpost or goalkeeper

But what if the GK had parried the ball ??(Parry = Control)

NO OFFSIDE


A

AR

D

Direction of attack

OFFSIDE

A

D


A

AR

D

Direction of attack

OFFSIDE

A

D

D

A

WHERE IS PLAY RESTARTED?

A2A1


A

AR

D

Direction of attack

NOT OFFSIDE D

D

AA


A

AR

D

Direction of attack

OFFSIDED

D

ACorner Kick

A


A

AR

D

Direction of attack

NOT OFFSIDE

D

A

Deflection off the Defender


Key Takeaways

It is not an offence to be in an offside position

Wait for Active Involvement before signaling for offside

The player is not required to touch the ball for the offside to be penalized




Interaction with Coaches and Spectators

Have you ever had a situation where your behavior as a referee

either hurt or helped your ability to officiate a

match?

What was special about that behavior?



SCENARIO

In a U-10 game tensions are high. Everyone is yelling advice and instructions at the players. The coach of the Blue team has a loud, booming voice. The more exciting the game gets, the louder he gets. As referee, you see many players on the opposing team freeze whenever this loud coach yells instructions at his own team.

How can you, as referee, deal with this situation?When do you start?



SCENARIO

You are the referee in a U-12 match. The coaches of the Red team are constantly making negative remarks to, and putting down, their own players. You can tell that these are very inexperienced coaches.

What can you do to help thesecoaches and the kids?

When? Where? Who should be present?



SCENARIO

During the first half of a U-12 match, the Blue team coach has been complaining about the referee’s calls almost every time a call goes against her team. It is nearing the end of the half. The referee notices parents from the Blue team are beginning to complain.

What can you, the referee, do in this situation?

When and how? Who will you involve?


Key Takeaways•Referees are role models and set the tone for the match.

•Referees must interact appropriately with players, coaches and spectators.

•Referees are guardians of the game and must remember the conceptof the AYSO Team.

•Referees must manage problems outside the touch lines.




The Referee Team and Diagonal System of Control

What are the duties of the referee?

What are the duties of the asst. referee?


Diagonal System of Control


Fouls andinjuries

Touch line

Goa

l lin

e

AR 1

R

O ffside

D irection of p lay

AR 2

Diagram 1

Positioning and Movement



Fouls andin juries

Touch lineG

oal l

ine

AR 1

R

D irection of p lay

AR 2

O ffside



Fouls andin juries

Touch lineG

oal

lin

e

AR 1

R

D irection of p lay

AR 2

O ffside

Diagram 3


POSITIONING


A

D

D

A

A

D

D

D

D

D

D

D

D

DA

A

A

A

A

A

A

A

Where would you position yourself as the Referee?

Kick-Off

R

AR

AR


Throw-in

A

A

A

A

A

A

D

D

D

D

D

D

D

D

AR

R

Where would you position yourself as

the Referee?


Corner Kick

A

AA

A

A

A

D

D

D

D

D

DD

AR

R


the Referee?

A


Corner Kick

A

A

A

A

A

A

D

D

DD

D

D

D

AR

R


the Referee?

AD


General Positioning

• Dropped Ball

• Goal Kick

• Free Kicks

• Penalty Kick


Positioning:

Free kicks for the attacking team in the

attacking third of the field

QUESTIONS:

1. What areas or lines of responsibility need to be covered? (There are more than two…but only two people to cover them)

2. Who covers what? Why?

3. What are the advantages and risks of your decision?

4. Is your plan flexible?

Address these issues in your pregame !


D

D

DD

DD

DD

D

A

AA

AA

A

AA

Scenario #1


Why? What are you covering?

Where do you want your AR?Why? What is he covering?

What areas of concern are you leaving uncovered? Why?

What are the advantages and disadvantages of your choices?

Is your plan flexible? How?



D

D

D

DDD

DD

DA

A

A

A

A

A

A


Scenario #2








D

D

D

DD

D

D

D

D A

A

A

AA

A

A

A

D


Scenario #3








Referee and Assistant Referee Communication


Assistant Referee

Always carry the flag in the hand closest to the referee

When signaling, stop and face the field. The flag is always in the appropriate hand when making signals

such that the arm never crosses the body.

Movement is most commonly side-stepping,but the AR must run when necessary.



• “Ready to start” before each kick-off

• Ball still in play

• Infraction seen by lead assistant referee

• Infraction seen by trail assistant referee

• Infraction inside the penalty area, indicated by the referee



• Direct free kick infraction signaled by the assistant referee

• Infraction meriting a penalty kick detected by assistant referee

• Indirect free kick signaled by the assistant referee

• No infraction



• No offside (assistant referee is indicating to referee)

• No offside (referee decides not to penalize and overrules assistant referee)

• No score; ball failed to enter goal

• No score; ball entered goal and the player scoring the goal was offside



• No score; an attacker fouled or an attacker other than the scorer was in an offside position and was involved in the active play

• Time remaining

• Time expired

• I don’t know


Pre-Game, Post-Game and Halftime Activities


Items to consider for your pre-game discussion:

Which diagonal to use

Duties, communication and responsibilities for:•Offside

•Set Plays

•Special communication

•Foul calling by assistant referees

•Timekeeping and scorekeeping responsibilities

•Substitution control

•Handling misconduct

•Special instructions


Halftime

What do YOU consider important to do during halftime in YOUR games?


Items to consider during your halftime:

Enter and leave the field together as a team

Update game cards with correct scores, cautions, send-offs, etc.

Compare notes on how the game is going:•Any adjustment to pre-game instructions?

•Tighten up? Loosen up? Keep the same?

•Any problem players to watch?

•Exchange information between ARs

•What should be expected in the second half?

Water and stretching


Post-Game

What do YOU do as part of YOUR post-game?


Items to consider as part of your post-game:

Complete game cards

Monitor handshake

Enter and leave the field together as a team

Complete misconduct report (if applicable)

Analyze the game with ARs•Is there anything you should have done differently?

•Is there anything you did that worked particularly well?


A A A A A A A A A A A

D D D D D D D D D DD

ARAR

R

Monitoring the Handshake

Do not stay in the center.Move with the breadth of player contact.


A A A A A A A A A A A

D D D D D D D D D DD

ARAR

R

Monitoring the Handshake




The National Referee Program

Who is “National”Coaches, Referees and

Parents elect their Regional Commissioner


RC’s, Area Directors, Section Directors and other

Executive Members elect the Board of Directors


Who is “National”

The Board of Directors governs AYSO



The National Board of Directors, as empowered by AYSO Bylaws, appoints Advisory Commissions as they deem appropriate. The following commissions have been established:

– Coach – Management– Referee– Tournament –eAYSO


The National Referee Program has three main elements:

Administration:• Support structure at all levels

(Region, Area, Section, National)• Required member of the Regional Board

of Directors

Instruction:• Certification• Training methods• Evaluation

Assessment• Advising• Observation• Assessment


Advisor Program•Referees helping Referees•Intermediate Referees are expected to actively participate as Advisors for other referees

Observation•Required for certification as an Intermediate Referee•Not a pass/fail situation•Conducted by Advisors (appointed by the RRA) or certified Assessors



Assessment•Required for certification as an Advanced or National Referee•Is a pass/fail situation•Conducted by certified Assessors




Documents

Intermediate Referee Course OBJECTIVES Understand tactics and strategy found in U-12 matches Better understand referee and assistant referee duties & responsibilities