Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

  • Upload
    fasiwi

  • View
    213

  • Download
    0

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    1/96

    Interfacing Fire Alarm,

    Sprink ler and Elevator Systems

    Codes and Applications

    Northern California/ Nevada Chapter, SFPE

    January 20, 2006

    Interfacing Fire Alarm,

    Sprink ler and Elevator Systems

    Codes and Applications

    Northern California/ Nevada Chapter, SFPE

    January 20, 2006

    Bruce FraserDirector, Industry RelationsSimplexGrinnell LPWestminster, MA

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    2/96

    Agenda:

    Elevator Recall and Power Shut-down

    Historical Perspective

    Where we are today, code-wise

    Look at specific code sections

    Discuss some of the issues

    Where we appear to be headed

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    3/96

    ASME A17.1ASME A17.1

    Safety Code for Elevators and EscalatorsSafety Code for Elevators and Escalators

    Provides requirements for operationalProvides requirements for operational

    sequences for:sequences for:

    - Phase 1 - Emergency Recall Operation

    - Power Shutdown - Shunt Trip Operation

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    4/96

    ASME A17.1ASME A17.1

    Phase IPhase I--Emergency Recall OperationEmergency Recall Operation

    The operation of an elevator wherein it is

    automatically or manually recalled to aspecific landing and removed from normal

    service because of activation of

    firefighters service

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    5/96

    ASME A17.1ASME A17.1

    Pow er Shutdown (shunt trip)Pow er Shutdown (shunt trip)

    Mainline elevator power is disconnected

    from the elevator to eliminate potentialproblems as a result of sprinkler actuation

    in the hoistway or elevator machine room

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    6/96

    Elevator Recall:Elevator Recall: Historical PerspectiveHistorical Perspective

    1973 ASME A17.1b (supplement to the 1971 Code)

    Purpose:

    Prevent people from using elevators

    Responding Firefighters Account for Elevators

    Stage Equipment (Hose lines, air tanks, etc.)

    Evacuate Occupants with Mobility Restrictions

    Prevent Car from being called to the Fire Floor

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    7/96

    Identified Designated Level

    Both Manual and Automatic Recall

    Key Switch (only by firefighters)

    Smoke Detectors in Lobbies

    Travel of 25 above or below designated level

    1981 introduced the Alternate Level

    Elevator Recall:Elevator Recall: Historical PerspectiveHistorical Perspective

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    8/96

    1984 introduced only lobby and machine room

    detectors were to initiate recall

    A17.1 referred users to NFPA 72E, Automatic Fire

    Detectors

    NFPA first mentions A17.1 requirements in 1987 edition

    of NFPA 72A, Installation, Maintenance and use of

    Local Protective Signaling Systems Elevator Recall

    for Firefighters Service

    Elevator Recall:Elevator Recall: Historical PerspectiveHistorical Perspective

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    9/96

    Two elevator zone circuits were required to be

    terminated at the associated elevator controller

    In 1989, A17.1 required smoke detectors in hoistways

    only when hoistways had sprinklers

    First detector actuated determines the recall floor

    A17.1b, 1992 Supplement drops the 25 ft. criterion now applies to all automatic elevators regardless of

    travel distance

    Elevator Recall:Elevator Recall: Historical PerspectiveHistorical Perspective

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    10/96

    1993 edition of NFPA 72, National Fire Alarm Code

    addressed cases where there was no required building fire

    alarm system Elevator Recall and Supervisory Panel

    1996 edition of NFPA 72 introduced other fire

    detection as being permissible if environment was not

    appropriate for a smoke detector.

    Elevator Recall:Elevator Recall: Historical PerspectiveHistorical Perspective

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    11/96

    A third control circuit was added to provide a warning

    of fire in the hoistway or elevator machine room

    The 2000 A17.1 was harmonized with the Canadian

    B44 Elevator Safety Standard

    NFPA 72 [2002] and A17.1 [2004] now both address

    new technology elevators machine room-less

    elevators

    Elevator Recall:Elevator Recall: Historical PerspectiveHistorical Perspective

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    12/96

    Shunt Trip:Shunt Trip: (Historical Perspective)(Historical Perspective)

    First introduced in ASME A17.1 - 1984

    Purpose:

    Remove Main-line Power prior to sprinkler activation

    Prevent Elevator from Moving/Operating dangerously

    Note:the requirement does not include circuits for ventilation,

    in-car lights and communication, pit receptacles and lights, etc.

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    13/96

    Applicable CodesApplicable Codes

    ElevatorElevator

    & Escalator& EscalatorSafety CodeSafety Code

    ASME/ANSIASME/ANSI

    A17.1A17.1

    BuildingBuilding

    Codes andCodes andNFPA 101NFPA 101

    NFPA 13NFPA 13

    NFPA 70NFPA 70NFPA 72NFPA 72

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    14/96

    ASME A17.1

    3 4 Year Cycle with Yearly AddendaA17.1 - 1996

    A17.1a - 1997

    A17.1b - 1998A17.1c - 1999

    A17.1d - 2000

    A17.1a - 2002

    A17.1b - 2003

    A17.1 - 2004

    NFPA 72 and NFPA 13

    3Year Cycle

    1996, 1999, 2002, 2007 etc.

    Out of SyncOut of SyncCodesCodes

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    15/96

    CanCan t find all the information in one place!t find all the information in one place!

    Confusion?Confusion?

    Must use A17.1, NFPA 72 and NFPA 13Must use A17.1, NFPA 72 and NFPA 13

    together! together!

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    16/96

    HereHere s where to find them!s where to find them!

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    17/96

    Section 2.27

    Emergency Operation and Signaling Devices

    2.27.3.2 Phase I Emergency Recall Operation

    by Fire Alarm Initiating Devices

    ASME A17.1ASME A17.1 -- 20042004

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    18/96

    Section 2.8

    Equipment in Hoistways, Machinery Spaces,Machine Rooms, Control Spaces and Control Rooms

    2.8.2.3.2

    (Shunt Trip / Power Disconnect requirement)

    ASME A17.1ASME A17.1 -- 20042004

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    19/96

    Chapter 6 Protected Premises

    6.15 Protected Prem ises Fire Safety Functions.

    6.15.3 Elevator Recall for Fire Fighters Service

    6.15.4 Elevator Shutdown

    NFPA 72NFPA 72 -- 20022002

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    20/96

    Chapter 8 Instal lat ion Requirements

    8.14 Special Situations

    8.14.5 Elevator Hoistway and Machine Rooms

    NFPA 13NFPA 13 -- 20022002

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    21/96

    Heat DetectorSmoke Detector

    Sprinkler

    Detector Operation

    Recall to Alternate Level

    Recall to Designated Level

    Flash FF Helmet in Car (warning)

    Power Disconnect (shunt trip)

    2

    3

    4

    1

    DesignatedLevel

    AlternateLevel

    ElevatorMachine

    Room

    1

    2

    34

    2

    2

    1

    Elevator

    Pit

    SimplifiedSimplifiedHydraulicHydraulic ElevatorElevator

    SystemSystem

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    22/96

    DesignatedLevel

    AlternateLevel

    ElevatorMachine

    Room

    SimplifiedSimplifiedTractionTraction ElevatorElevator

    SystemSystem

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    23/96

    2.27.3.2.1 In jurisdictions not enforcing the NBCC, firealarm initiating devices used to initiate Phase I Emergency

    Recall Operation shall be installed in conformance with the

    requirements of NFPA 72, and shall be located

    (a) at each floor served by the elevator;

    (b) in the associated elevator machine room; and(c) in the elevator hoistway, when sprinklers are

    located in those hoistways.

    ASME A17.1ASME A17.1 -- 20042004

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    24/96

    NFPA 72NFPA 72 -- 20022002

    6.15.3.7 Ifambient conditions prohibit installation of

    automatic smoke detection, other automatic fire

    detection shall be permitted.

    6.15.3 Elevator Recall

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    25/96

    NFPA 72NFPA 72 -- 20022002

    5.7.1.8 Special Conditions5.7.1.8* Unless specifically designed and listed for the

    expected conditions, smoke detectors shall not be

    installed if any of the following ambient conditions exist:

    (1) Temperature below 0C (32F)

    (2) Temperature above 38C (100F)

    (3) Relative humidity above 93 percent

    (4) Air velocity greater than 1.5 m/sec (300 ft/min)

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    26/96

    NFPA 72NFPA 72 -- 20022002

    6.15.3 Elevator Recall6.15.3.1 System-type smoke detectors or other

    automatic fire detection as permitted by 6.15.3.7 located

    in elevator lobbies, elevator hoistways, and elevatormachine rooms including machine space, control room,

    and control space used to initiate fire fighters service

    recall shall be connected to the building fire alarmsystem.

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    27/96

    NFPA 72NFPA 72 -- 20022002

    6.15.3.2* In facilities without a building fire alarm

    system, these smoke detectors shall be connected to

    a dedicated fire alarm system control unit that shall bedesignated aselevator recall control and supervisory

    panel, permanently identified on the control unit and on

    the record drawings.

    6.15.3 Elevator Recall

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    28/96

    NFPA 72NFPA 72 -- 20022002

    6.15.3.3 Unless otherwise required by the authority

    having jurisdiction, only the elevator lobby, elevator

    hoistway, and the elevator machine room smokedetectors shall be used to recall elevators for

    firefighters service.

    6.15.3 Elevator Recall

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    29/96

    6.15.3.5* A lobby smoke detector shall be located

    on the ceiling within 21 ft. of the centerline of each

    elevator door within the elevator bank under controlof the detector.

    Exception: For lobby ceiling configurations exceeding 15 ft. inheight or that are other than flat and smooth, detectorlocations shall be determined in accordance with Chapter 5.

    6.15.3 Elevator Recall

    NFPA 72NFPA 72 -- 20022002

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    30/96

    Smoke Detector LocationSmoke Detector Location

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    31/96

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    32/96

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    33/96

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    34/96

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    35/96

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    36/96

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    37/96

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    38/96

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    39/96

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    40/96

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    41/96

    NFPA 72 [2002]NFPA 72 [2002] -- Initiating DevicesInitiating Devices

    5.7 Smoke5.7 Smoke--Sensing Fire DetectorsSensing Fire Detectors

    5.7.3.2.1*5.7.3.2.1* SpotSpot--type smoketype smoke

    detectors shall be located on thedetectors shall be located on the

    ceiling not less than 4 in. from aceiling not less than 4 in. from a

    sidewall to the near edge or, if onsidewall to the near edge or, if on

    a sidewall, between 4 in. and 12 in.a sidewall, between 4 in. and 12 in.

    down from the ceiling to the top ofdown from the ceiling to the top of

    the detector.the detector.

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    42/96

    NFPA 72 [2002]NFPA 72 [2002] -- Initiating DevicesInitiating Devices

    5.7 Smoke5.7 Smoke

    --Sensing Fire DetectorsSensing Fire Detectors

    5.7.3.1.35.7.3.1.3 If the intent is to protect against a specific hazard,If the intent is to protect against a specific hazard,

    the detector(s) shall be permitted to be installed closer tothe detector(s) shall be permitted to be installed closer to

    the hazard in a position where the detector can interceptthe hazard in a position where the detector can intercept

    the smoke.the smoke.

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    43/96

    Smoke Detector MountingSmoke Detector Mounting

    Where the ceiling height exceeds 15Where the ceiling height exceeds 15in height, the smokein height, the smoke

    detector should be installed on the wall above and within 6detector should be installed on the wall above and within 6ofof

    the top of the control unitthe top of the control unit

    The purpose of this detector is to initiate action prior to theThe purpose of this detector is to initiate action prior to the

    control panel being disabled by fire.control panel being disabled by fire.

    New Annex wording:New Annex wording:

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    44/96

    Mounting Location:Mounting Location:

    66

    6

    6 6

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    45/96

    NFPA 72NFPA 72 -- 20022002

    6.15.3.9 Actuation from elevator hoistway and elevator

    machine room smoke detectors shall cause separate

    and distinct visible annunciation at the control unit andrequired annunciators to alert fire fighters and other

    emergency personnel that the elevators are no longer

    safe to use.

    6.15.3 Elevator Recall

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    46/96

    2.27.3.2 Phase I Emergency Recall Operation by

    Fire Alarm Initiating Devices

    2.27.3.2.6 When activated, a fire alarm initiating device

    in the machine room shall cause the visual signal to

    illuminate intermittently only in car(s) with equipment in

    that machine room.

    ASME A17.1ASME A17.1 -- 20042004

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    47/96

    2.27.3.2 Phase I Emergency Recall Operation by

    Fire Alarm Initiating Devices

    2.27.3.2.6 When activated, a fire alarm initiating device

    in the machine room shall cause the visual signal to

    illuminate intermittently only in car(s) with equipment in

    that machine room. When activated, a fire alarm initiating

    device in the hoistway shall cause the visual signal to

    illuminate intermittently only in car(s) with equipment in

    that hoistway.

    ASME A17.1ASME A17.1 -- 20042004

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    48/96

    FIG. 2.27.3.1.6(h)Visual Signal

    When flashing, exit elevatorWhen flashing, exit elevator

    or

    ASME A17.1ASME A17.1 -- 20042004

    2.27.3 Firefighters Emergency Operation -

    Automatic Elevators

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    49/96

    6.15.3.10* For each group of elevators within a

    building, a minimum of three separate elevator control

    circuits shall be terminated at the designated elevatorcontroller within the groups elevator machine room(s)

    The smoke detectors shall actuate the elevator control

    circuits as follows:

    6.15.3 Elevator Recall

    NFPA 72NFPA 72 -- 20022002

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    50/96

    6.15.3.10* contd

    (1) The smoke detector located in the designated elevator

    recall lobby shall actuate the first elevator control circuit.

    6.15.3 Elevator Recall

    NFPA 72NFPA 72 -- 2002200211

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    51/96

    6.15.3.10* contd

    (1) The smoke detector located in the designated elevator

    recall lobby shall actuate the first elevator control circuit.

    In addition, if the elevator is equipped with front and rear

    doors, or if the elevator machine room is located at the

    designated level, the required detectors shall actuate thefirst elevator control circuit.

    6.15.3 Elevator Recall

    NFPA 72NFPA 72 -- 2002200211

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    52/96

    6.15.3.10* contd

    (2) The detectors in the remaining elevator lobbies shall

    actuate the second elevator control circuit.

    6.15.3 Elevator Recall

    NFPA 72NFPA 72 -- 20022002

    22

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    53/96

    6.15.3.10* contd

    (2) The detectors in the remaining elevator lobbies shall

    actuate the second elevator control circuit.

    (3) The detectors in elevator hoistways and the elevator

    machine room(s) shall actuate a third elevator control

    circuit.

    6.15.3 Elevator Recall

    NFPA 72NFPA 72 -- 20022002

    22

    33

    l f S l f

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    54/96

    Recall toDesignated Level

    Recall toAlternate Level

    Warning toElevator Cab

    Elevator ControllerFire Alarm System

    Pictorial Representation of Signals fromPictorial Representation of Signals from

    Fire Alarm System to Elevator ControllerFire Alarm System to Elevator Controller

    Activation of smoke detector(s) causes signal(s) to elevator controller

    1

    2

    Elevator LobbyDetector at

    Designated Level

    Elevator LobbyDetectors

    Elevator Machine Room

    Detector(s)

    3

    Elevator HoistwayDetector(s)

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    55/96

    S

    S

    S

    S

    S

    S

    S

    Elevator LobbySmoke Detector

    Ground Floor(Designated Level)

    Elevator LobbySmoke Detector

    3rd Floor

    Elevator LobbySmoke Detector

    Basement

    Elevator LobbySmoke Detector

    2nd Floor(Alternate Level)

    Elevator Lobby

    Smoke Detector

    4th Floor

    Elevator Lobby

    Smoke Detector5th Floor

    Elevator

    Machine RoomSmoke Detector(s)

    ElevatorHoistway

    Heat Detector(s)

    Elevator

    HoistwaySmoke Detector(s)

    Elevator Controller

    Fire Alarm Control Panel

    SCC 1

    actuation

    causesrecall to

    alternatelevel

    SCC 2

    actuation

    causesrecall to

    designatedlevel

    SCC 3

    R 1

    EOL

    R 2

    EOL

    R 3

    EOL

    actuation

    causesflashing of

    warningsignal

    Conventional or

    AddressableZone / Circuit

    Module

    Elevator

    Machine RoomHeat Detector(s)

    Fire Alarm System / Elevator Controller RelationshipFire Alarm System / Elevator Controller Relationship

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    56/96

    NFPA 72NFPA 72 -- 20022002

    6.15.2.2 A listed relay or other listed appliance connected

    to the fire alarm system used to initiate control of

    protected premises fire safety functions shall be locatedwithin 3 ft of the controlled circuit or appliance.

    6.15.2.3 The relay or other appliance shall function withinthe voltage and current limitations of the fire alarm control

    unit.

    6.15 Protected Premises Fire Safety Functions

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    57/96

    NFPA 72NFPA 72 -- 20022002

    6.15.2.4 The installation wiring between the fire alarm

    control unit and the relay or other appliance shall be

    monitored for integrity.

    Exception: Relays or appliances that operate on loss of power shall

    be considered self-monitoring for integrity.

    6.15 Protected Premises Fire Safety Functions

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    58/96

    Addressable Control RelaysAddressable Control Relays

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    59/96

    Addressable Control RelaysAddressable Control Relays

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    60/96

    NFPA 13NFPA 13 -- 20022002

    8.14.5 Elevator Hoistway and Machine Rooms

    8.14.5.4* Upright or pendent spray sprinklers shall be

    installed at the top of elevator hoistways.

    8.14.5.5 The sprinkler required at the top of the

    elevator hoistway by 8.14.5.4 shall not be required

    where the hoistway for passenger elevators is

    noncombustible and the car enclosure materials meet the

    requirements of ASME A17.1

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    61/96

    8.14.5.1* Sidewall spray sprinklers shall be installed at

    the bottom of each elevator hoistway not more than 2 ft

    above the floor of the pit.

    8.14.5.2 The sprinkler required at the bottom of the

    elevator hoistway by 8.14.5.1 shall not be required for

    enclosed, noncombustible elevator shafts that do notcontain combustible hydraulic fluids.

    NFPA 13NFPA 13 -- 20022002

    8.14.5 Elevator Hoistway and Machine Rooms

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    62/96

    2.8 Equipment in Hoistways and Machine Rooms

    2.8.2.3.2 means shall be provided to automatically

    disconnect the main line power supply to the affected

    elevator upon or prior to the application of water from

    the sprinklers located in the machine room or in the

    hoistway more than 24 in. above the pit floor.

    ASME A17.1ASME A17.1 -- 20042004

    Heat Detector

    *Any delay or retardis not permitted !

    Sprinkler Flow Switch

    Vane Type

    Flow Switch*

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    63/96

    NFPA 72NFPA 72 -- 20022002

    6.15.4 Elevator Shutdow n

    6.15.4.3* If pressure or waterflow switches are used to

    shut down elevator power immediately upon or prior to

    the discharge of water from sprinklers, the use of devices

    with time-delay switches or time-delay capability shall not

    be permitted.

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    64/96

    NFPA 72NFPA 72 -- 20022002

    6.15.4 Elevator Shutdow n

    6.15.4.1* Where heat detectors are used to shut down

    elevator power prior to sprinkler operation, the detector

    shall have both a lower temperature rating and a higher

    sensitivity as compared to the sprinkler.

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    65/96

    Recommendation:Recommendation:[Example][Example]

    Use165oF, ordinary temperature rated sprinkler.

    Use135oF , thermistor-based heat detector.

    Or maintain a similar relationship based on ambient

    temperatures

    Note: Sprinklers in elevator machine rooms and hoistwaysmust be of ordinary or intermediate temperature rating.

    (NFPA 13 [2002], 8.14.5.3)

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    66/96

    NFPA 72NFPA 72 -- 20022002

    6.15.4 Elevator Shutdow n

    6.15.4.2 If heat detectors are used to shut down

    elevator power prior to sprinkler operation, they shall be

    placed within 2 ft of each sprinkler head and be installed

    in accordance with the requirements of Chapter 5.

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    67/96

    NFPA 72NFPA 72 -- 20022002

    6.15.4 Elevator Shutdow n

    6.15.4.2 If heat detectors are used to shut down

    elevator power prior to sprinkler operation, they shall be

    placed within 2 ft of each sprinkler head and be installed

    in accordance with the requirements of Chapter 5.

    Alternatively, engineering methods, such as specified in Annex

    B, shall be permitted to be used to select and place heatdetectors to ensure response prior to any sprinkler head

    operation under a variety of fire growth rate scenarios.

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    68/96

    6.15.4.5 The initiating devices described in 6.15.4.2

    (WFS)and 6.15.4.3 (HD)shall be monitored for integrity

    by the control unit required in Section 6.15.3.

    NFPA 72NFPA 72 -- 20022002

    6.15.4 Elevator Shutdow n

    Background:

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    69/96

    Background:Background:

    Water from sprinklers in the hoistway and

    elevator machine room presents a hazard tosafe elevator operation:

    Shorts on circuit conductors

    - Uncontrolled and dangerous elevator operation

    Wet brakes (traction elevators)

    - Uncontrolled stopping

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    70/96

    Shunt Trip OperationShunt Trip Operation (theoretical)(theoretical)

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    71/96

    Shunt Trip OperationShunt Trip Operation (theoretical)(theoretical)

    Smoke detector actuates, causing elevator recall

    Elevators arrive at the recall floor and open doors

    Heat buildup causes heat detector to actuate

    Shunt trip operates, removing power from the elevator

    Sprinkler operates

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    72/96

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    73/96

    A17.1 Task Group addressed Shunt Trip and Sprinklers

    Risk Analysis was performed Concern of over-temperature of elevator controller

    Equipment stops

    Equipment runs erratically / uncontrollably

    Concern water from sprinklers may cause:

    Brake Failure

    Shorting out of an electrical safety or control circuit

    Sprinkler/ Pow er Shutdown Concerns:Sprinkler/ Pow er Shutdown Concerns:

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    74/96

    A17.1 Task Group Recommendations:

    Exemption of sprinklers in elevator machine rooms

    Sprinkler/ Pow er Shutdown Concerns:Sprinkler/ Pow er Shutdown Concerns:

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    75/96

    Proposal:Proposal:

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    76/96

    A17.1 Task Group Recommendations:

    Exemption of sprinklers in elevator machine rooms If sprinklers are installed in elevator machine rooms,

    then the delay of the release of water from

    sprinklers will be required so recall can be

    completed first.

    thedelay strategy

    Sprinkler/ Pow er Shutdown Concerns:Sprinkler/ Pow er Shutdown Concerns:

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    77/96

    A17.1 Task Group Recommendations:

    Exemption of sprinklers in elevator machine rooms If sprinklers are installed in elevator machine rooms,

    then the delay of the release of water from sprinklers

    will be required so recall can be completed first.

    the delay strategy

    Sprinkler/ Pow er Shutdown Concerns:Sprinkler/ Pow er Shutdown Concerns:

    Consideration of Earthquake Mode as a strategy

    Stop at next floor

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    78/96

    A.6.15.4.4 Upon activation of the heat detector used for

    elevator power shut down, there should be a delay in the

    activation of the power shunt trip.

    NFPA 72NFPA 72 -- 20022002

    6.15.4 Elevator Shutdow n

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    79/96

    A.6.15.4.4 Upon activation of the heat detector used for

    elevator power shut down, there should be a delay in the

    activation of the power shunt trip. This delay should bethe time that it takes the elevator cab to travel from the

    top of the hoistway to the lowest recall level.

    NFPA 72NFPA 72 -- 20022002

    6.15.4 Elevator Shutdow n

    Shunt Trip OperationShunt Trip Operation--Delay StrategyDelay Strategy

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    80/96

    Pre-action ValvePre-action Valve

    Sprinkler(s)Sprinkler(s)

    Release WaterRelease Water

    OpenPre-action Valve

    OpenPre-action Valve

    S u p Op a op p ay S a gyy gy

    Elevator ArrivalElevator Arrival

    Heat DetectorHeat Detector

    X Time DelayX Time DelayRecallRecall

    Smoke DetectorSmoke Detector

    RecallRecall

    Shunt TripShunt Trip

    Fire Alarm System / Elevator Controller RelationshipFire Alarm System / Elevator Controller Relationship

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    81/96

    S

    S

    S

    S

    S

    S

    S

    Elevator LobbySmoke Detector

    Ground Floor(Designated Level)

    Elevator LobbySmoke Detector

    3rd Floor

    Elevator LobbySmoke Detector

    Basement

    Elevator Lobby

    Smoke Detector2nd Floor

    (Alternate Level)

    Elevator Lobby

    Smoke Detector4th Floor

    Elevator Lobby

    Smoke Detector5th Floor

    Elevator

    Machine RoomSmoke Detector(s)

    ElevatorHoistway

    Heat Detector(s)

    Elevator

    HoistwaySmoke Detector(s)

    Elevator Controller

    Fire Alarm Control Panel

    SCC 1

    actuation

    causesrecall to

    alternatelevel

    SCC 2

    actuation

    causesrecall to

    designatedlevel

    SCC 3

    R 1

    EOL

    R 2

    EOL

    R 3

    EOL

    actuation

    causesflashing of

    warningsignal

    Conventional or

    AddressableZone / Circuit

    Module

    R 4

    SCC 4

    Shunt Trip Breaker

    EOL

    Hot Neut120 VAC

    Circuit

    (Power to OperateShunt Trip Breaker)

    From EmergencyPower Source

    actuation

    causesdisconnect

    of main lineelevator

    power

    Elevator

    Machine Room

    Heat Detector(s)

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    82/96

    6.15.4.4* Control circuits to shut down elevator power

    shall be monitored for presence of operating voltage.

    Loss of voltage to the control circuit for the disconnectingmeans shall cause a supervisory signal to be indicated at

    the control unit and required remote annunciators.

    NFPA 72NFPA 72 -- 20022002

    6.15.4 Elevator Shutdow n

    Fire Alarm System / Elevator Controller RelationshipFire Alarm System / Elevator Controller Relationship

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    83/96

    S

    S

    S

    S

    S

    S

    S

    Elevator LobbySmoke Detector

    Ground Floor(Designated Level)

    Elevator LobbySmoke Detector

    3rd Floor

    Elevator LobbySmoke Detector

    Basement

    Elevator Lobby

    Smoke Detector2nd Floor

    (Alternate Level)

    Elevator Lobby

    Smoke Detector4th Floor

    Elevator Lobby

    Smoke Detector5th Floor

    Elevator

    Machine RoomSmoke Detector(s)

    ElevatorHoistway

    Heat Detector(s)

    Elevator

    HoistwaySmoke Detector(s)

    Elevator Controller

    Fire Alarm Control Panel

    SCC 1

    actuation

    causesrecall to

    alternatelevel

    SCC 2

    actuation

    causesrecall to

    designatedlevel

    SCC 3

    R 1

    EOL

    R 2

    EOL

    R 3

    EOL

    actuation

    causesflashing of

    warningsignal

    Conventional or

    AddressableZone / Circuit

    Module

    R 4

    SCC 4

    Shunt Trip Breaker

    EOL

    R 5

    *

    Hot Neut120 VAC

    Circuit

    (Power to OperateShunt Trip Breaker)

    From EmergencyPower Source

    actuation

    causesdisconnect

    of main lineelevator

    power

    IDC 1

    (Supervisory)

    *relay R5 contacts shownin deenergized position

    actuation causes

    supervisorysignal

    EOL

    Elevator

    Machine Room

    Heat Detector(s)

    Future:

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    84/96

    A17.1 - 2006 Edition

    NFPA 72 - 2007 Edition

    Elevator Use in Fires and Other Emergencies

    For Occupants

    For Firefighters

    Risk Assessment in process

    Testing Issues

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    85/96

    Issue:Required Testing of Fire Alarm

    and Elevator Interfacing

    Issue:Required Testing of Fire Alarm

    and Elevator Interfacing

    Fire Alarm and Elevator TestingFire Alarm and Elevator Testing :

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    86/96

    Consistent Themes:

    High percentage of failed tests (50 60%)

    End-to-End testing rarely performed

    Vulnerable to software/programming changes

    Lack of enforcement

    Lack of documentation

    Costly to have both Elevator and Fire Alarm technicians

    on site at the same time (and difficult to coordinate)

    I f d T P lI f d T P l

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    87/96

    Elevator InputsElevator InputsFire Alarm SignalsFire Alarm Signals

    Interface and Test PanelInterface and Test Panel

    Indicators and SwitchesIndicators and Switches

    33

    11

    22

    I t f i Fi AlI t f i Fi Al

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    88/96

    Interfacing Fire Alarm,

    Sprink ler and Elevator Systems

    Codes and Applications

    Northern California/ Nevada Chapter, SFPE

    January 20, 2006

    Interfacing Fire Alarm,

    Sprink ler and Elevator Systems

    Codes and Applications

    Northern California/ Nevada Chapter, SFPE

    January 20, 2006

    Bruce FraserDirector, Industry RelationsSimplexGrinnell LPWestminster, MA

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    89/96

    Massachusetts Approach

    To Shunt Trip Issues

    Massachusetts Approach

    To Shunt Trip Issues

    Th M h tt A hTh M h tt A h

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    90/96

    Emergency Code Change (Exception to Sprinkler requirement)

    Automatic sprinkler protection is precluded in:

    all new construction elevator machine rooms of traction/drumelevators

    all new construction elevator machine rooms of hydraulic

    elevators all new construction elevator hoistways and elevator pits

    The Massachusetts ApproachThe Massachusetts Approach

    780 CMR 904.1 - Init ial Moratorium

    M h tt B ildi R l tiM h tt B ildi R l ti

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    91/96

    On May 14, 2003, by emergency action, the Massachusetts

    State Building Code was amended to:

    Exempt the requirement for sprinklers in all elevatormachine rooms, hoistways, and pits.

    On September 9, 2005 the action became permanent

    Massachusetts Building RegulationsMassachusetts Building Regulations

    Board of Building Regulations CMR 780

    Massachusetts Elevator RegulationsMassachusetts Elevator Regulations

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    92/96

    524 CMR 17.02

    Requires removal of sprinklers and their piping from all

    locations where they were installed before or during the code

    action. 524 CMR 17 .02(20)(f)(1)

    Requires the removal or deactivation of the shunt trip

    circuit breakers in the elevator machine rooms.524 CMR 17 .02(20)(f)(2)

    Massachusetts Elevator RegulationsMassachusetts Elevator Regulations

    Board of Elevator Regulations

    Massachusetts Building RegulationsMassachusetts Building Regulations

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    93/96

    Implementation:

    After 1-1-2004, and during regular annual inspection of

    elevators by the Dept of Public Safety, owners will be cited

    and advised that the existence of sprinklers and the shunt trip

    circuit breakers are not in compliance with regulations and

    must be removed within 180 days.

    Massachusetts Building RegulationsMassachusetts Building Regulations

    Board of Building Regulations CMR 780

    Massachusetts Building RegulationsMassachusetts Building Regulations

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    94/96

    Implementation:contd

    Notice must be given to and a permit received from the Fire

    Department prior to the removal of sprinklers as required by

    MGL 148 Sec. 27A.

    The Dept of Public Safety will also require a permit for the

    removal (disabling) of the shunt trip breaker to ensure it hasbeen deactivated.

    Massachusetts Building RegulationsMassachusetts Building Regulations

    Board of Building Regulations CMR 780

    Massachusetts Building RegulationsMassachusetts Building Regulations

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    95/96

    Implementation:contd

    During annual inspection, the department will verify the

    existence of:

    Fire stopping that seals all holes caused by the removal of

    sprinkler pipes

    Housekeeping measures to remove all combustibles from the

    Elevator Machine Room

    Required signage on the EMR door

    Massachusetts Building RegulationsMassachusetts Building Regulations

    Board of Building Regulations CMR 780

    Interfacing Fire AlarmInterfacing Fire Alarm

  • 8/7/2019 Interfacing Fire Alarm - Elevators

    96/96

    Interfacing Fire Alarm,

    Sprink ler and Elevator Systems

    Codes and Applications

    Northern California/ Nevada Chapter, SFPE

    January 20, 2006

    Interfacing Fire Alarm,

    Sprink ler and Elevator Systems

    Codes and Applications

    Northern California/ Nevada Chapter, SFPE

    January 20, 2006

    Bruce FraserDirector, Industry RelationsSimplexGrinnell LPWestminster, MA