INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION SKILLSGEED 161

Kenan BAŞARAN

BRIEF & HELPFUL TIPSGREETINGS

PUNCTUALITY

GIFT-GIVING

BUSINESS PROTOCOL

CONVERSATIONAL TABOOS

Kenan BAŞARAN

AFRICA

THREE SUB-DIVISION:1. SOUTH AFRICA

DUTCH, ENGLISH AND TRIBAL BLACK AFRICAN INFLUENCE

2. CENTRAL AFRICA ORIENTED TO BLACK MULTICULTURES

3. NORTHTERN AFRICA1. FOLLOW ARABIC & MUSLIM CUSTOMS

Kenan BAŞARAN

ALGERIA -ALGERIANSHANDSHAKE ON BOTH MEETING & LEAVINGCHEEK KISSING (BOTH CHEEKS) AMONG

CLOSE FRIENDSPROFESSIONAL TITLESPUNCTUALITY RELAXEDSMALL GIFTS EXCHANGED AT SECOND VISITBUSINESS TALK STARTS WITH SMALL TALKGOOD TOPICS: INDUSTRIALIZATIONBAD TOPICS: ECONOMIC PROBLEMS &

POLITICSKenan BAŞARAN

EGYPT - EGYPTIANS

SATURDAY TO THURSDAY, NORMAL WORK WEEK

FRIENDSHIP & TRUST COME BEFORE ANY BUSINESS RELATIONSHIP

SOCIAL ENGAGEMENT USUALLY HELD LATE IN THE DAY

GOOD TOPICS: HISTORY, NATIONAL ADVANCEMENT

BAD TOPICS: MIDDLE-EAST POLITICS

Kenan BAŞARAN

LIBYA - LIBYANSSTATE-CONTROL ECONOMYSTRONG MILITARISTIC AND RELIGIOUS

ATTITUDESPOLITICAL RELATIONSHIP WITH THE

WEST IS TENSE, WARLIKEALL OTHER RSPECTS, LIBYANS ARE LIKE

MIDDLE-EASTERNERS

Kenan BAŞARAN

MOROCCO - MOROCCANSSHAKING HANDSGOOD FRIENDS KISS CHEEKSPUNCTUALITY RELAXEDGIFT GIVING: ADMIRE AN OBJECT AND

YOU MAY RECEIVE IT AS A GIFTGOOD TOPICS: HISTORY AND CULTUREBAD TOPICS: MID-EAST TENSION,

RELIGION

Kenan BAŞARAN

GHANA - GHANIANSMANY DIVERSE ETHNIC GROUPS WITHIN

THE COUNTRYDIFFICULT TO PINPOINT COMMON

CUSTOMSSHAKING HAND CUMMON FORM OF

GREETINGWESTERN RULES FOR INT’L BUSINESS ,

BUT AT HOME, PUNCTUALITY VERY RELAXED

AVOID GESTURES WITH LEFT HANDKenan BAŞARAN

KENYA - KENYANSFORMER ENGLISH COLONY, MANY ENGLISH

TRAITS COMMONSWAHILI THE MOST COMMON LANGUAGE,

ENGLISH IS WELL KNOWNSHAKE HANDS AT GREETINGS AND

DEPARTURESFLOWERS USUALLY EXPRESS CONDOLONCESGOOD TOPICS: HISTORY, CULTURE, WILDLIFEBAD TOPICS: BRITISH OCCUPATION PERIOD

Kenan BAŞARAN

NIGERIA - NIGERIANSDIVERSE LIFE-STYLES

IMPORTANT TO RECOGNISE VARIETY OF CUSTOMS AND CULTURES

AVOID DISCUSSING RELIGION

O.K. TO DISCUSS AFRICAN POLITICS

Kenan BAŞARAN

IVORY COASTA FORMER FRENCH COLONY, WITH

FRENCH INFLUENCEOFFICIAL LANGUAGE FRENCH BUT

ENGLISH VERY COMMONTRADITIONAL HANDSHAKING THE CUSTOMADVANCE APPOINTMENTS, BE PUNCTUALGOOD TOPICS: HISTORY, CULTURE,

ACHIEVEMENTSBAD TOPICS: INEFFICIENCY OF INDUSTRY,

POLITICS

Kenan BAŞARAN

SOUTH AFRICANSWHITE CULTURE ( 17% OF THE

POPULATION) DERIVED FROM DUTCH AND ENGLISH

WHITES SENSITIVE TO APARTHEID (RACIAL SEGREGATION)

PUNCTUALITY EXPECTEDAFRICAANS OFFICIAL LANGUAGE, ALMOST

ALL SPEAK ENGLISHMAJORITY BLACK, MANY TRIBAL LANGUAGESGOOD TOPICS. ALL SPORTS,NATURAL

BEAUTIES, NATURAL RESOURCESBAD TOPICS: RACIAL UNREST, BOYCOTTS

Kenan BAŞARAN

AMERICANS FROM THE U.S.FIRM HANDSHAKE WITH DIRECT EYE-CONTACT

IS THE RULEAVOID BODY CONTACT WHEN GREETING MENPUNCTUALITY IS PRACTISED AND IMPORTANT‘TIME IS MONEY’ ATTITUDE IN BUSINESS TALKQUICKLY JUMP TO THE USE OF FIRST NAMESIF BUSINESS, TOKEN GIFTS EXCHANGED GOOD TOPICS: SPORT, FAMILY, BUSİNESSBAD TOPICS: DOMINANCE OF AMERICAN

POWER

Kenan BAŞARAN

CENTRAL & SOUTH AMERICANSALL SPEAK SPANISH, EXCEPT BRAZIL WHERE

THE NATIONAL LANGUAGE IS PORTUGUESE30’ DELAY SHOULDN’T BE A SURPRISE‘LA HORA INGLESA, O LA HORA ESPANOL?’STAND IN YOUR INTIMATE ZONE, TOUCHINGLIKE SOCIAL CONVERSATION BEFORE

BUSINESSMAIN MEAL IS TAKEN AT MIDDAYTHE HOST IS EXPECTED TO MAKE FIRST TOAST

Kenan BAŞARAN

ARGENTINE

HANDSHAKING IS COMMONSTRONG ITALIAN, GERMAN, SPANISH AND

BRITISH HERITAGEITALIAN AND GERMAN 2ND & 3RD LANGUAGESTENDER BEEF & RED WINE NATIONAL SYMBOLSLONG MEALS & CONVERSATION THE NORMCROSSING THE KNIFE & FORK MEANS FINISHEDGOOD TOPICS: FOOTBALL, HISTORY, CULTUREBAD TOPICS: RELIGION, PERON YEARS, FALKLAND

Kenan BAŞARAN

BRAZILIANS‘LONG TIME’ HANDSHAKING IS COMMONSHAKE HANDS FOR HELLO & GOOD-BYETOUCHING OTHERS WHILE TALKING COMMONFIRST NAMES USED BUT TITLES IMPORTANTMUSIC AND LONG & ANIMATED

CONVERSATIONINTERRUPTIONS VIEWED AS ENTHUSIASMENJOY JOKING, INFORMALITY & FRIENDSHIPGOOD TOPICS: FOOTBALL, POLITICS, FAMILYBAD TOPICS: ARGENTINA, POVERTY, RELIGION

Kenan BAŞARAN

MEXICANSHANDSHAKING THE CUSTOM, TITLES IMPORTANTFRIENDS EMBRACE, WOMEN KISS THE CHEEKPUNCTUALITY NOT RIGIDPURPLE IS THE COLOR OF DEATHLUNCH IS MAIN MEAL TAKEN ABOUT 1:00 TO 4:00HANDS IN POCKET IMPOLITEGOOD TOPICS: CULTURE, HISTORY, ART, MUSEUMBAD TOPICS: ILLEGAL

ALIENS,POVERTY,EARTHQUAKES

Kenan BAŞARAN

THE MIDDLE EASTHUG AND KISS THE CHEEK BETWEEN SAME SEX

FRIENDSTOUCHING CULTURE, STAND CLOSERDIETARY RULES ARE IMPORTANT AND NO

ALCOHOLEAT WITH THE RIGHT HAND, LEFT HAND IS USED

FOR BODILY HYGIENE & CONSIDERED ‘UNCLEAN’GENEROUS IN GIFTSIF YOU ADMIRE A POSESSION YOU MAY GET IT AS

A GIFTBUSINESS WEEKEND IS THURSDAY & FRIDAYIMPOLITE TO SIT SHOWING THE SOLE OF YOUR

SHOES Kenan BAŞARAN

(ARABIAN) GULF RESIDENTSU.A.E, OMAN,BAHRAIN,KUWAIT,QATARIMPORTANT TO KNOW POLITICAL AND

CULTURAL DIFFERENCES OF ALLCUSTOMARY GREETING ‘SALAAM ALAYKUM’SHAKING HANDS AND SAYING ‘KAIF HALAK’A TOUCHING SOCIETYGOOD TOPICS:HORSES, FALCONS, FAMILIESBAD TOPICS: POLITICS, RELIGION, MALE-

ORIENTED SOCIETY

Kenan BAŞARAN

SAUDI ARABIAGREETINGS CAN BE ELABORATEHANDSHAKING MAY ACCOMPANIED BY

TOUCHING ARM OR SHOULDERAFTER SEVERAL VISITS MEN MAY EMBRACEENJOY GIVING LUXURY GIFTSSTRICTEST ON RELIGION AND DIETARY RULESDISLIKES DOGS AS HOUSEHOLD PETSGOOD TOPICS: HISTORY, CULTURE, RESPECT

FOR ISLAMIC FAITHBAD TOPICS:ROLE OF WOMEN, ISRAEL, BLUE

JOKES

Kenan BAŞARAN

SYRIAHANDSHAKING AND EMBRACINGWOMEN FRIENDS KISS CHEEKSRELAXED ABOUT PUNCTUALITYMODERATE IN RELIGION IN CITIESLIKES DINING OUT BOTH LUNCH AND

DINNERGOOD TOPICS: HISTORY, CULTURE, BAD TOPICS: MID-EAST POLITICS, ‘HATAY’

CONFLICT WITH TURKEY

Kenan BAŞARAN

IRANHANDSHAKING AND SLIGHT BOWDIVIDED INTO ‘ANTI-WEST’ & ‘PRO-WEST’MOST ARE DEVOTED & FAR RIGHT

MUSLIMS FARSI IS THE OFFICIAL LANGUAGEWEST-ORIENTED BUSINESSPEOPLEGOOD TOPISC: ANTIENT HISTORY AND

CULTUREBAD TOPICS: CURENT UNREST &

ANTIPATHY TO UNITED STATESKenan BAŞARAN

JORDANMIXTURE OF WEST & MID-EAST

GREETINGSPUNCTUALITY RELAXEDMAY REFUSE INVITATIONS TWICE BEFORE

ACCEPTINGGOOD TOPICS: HISTORY, CULTURE,

FAMILIES, THE KINGBAD TOPICS: RELATIONSHIP WITH ISRAEL,

OTHER POLITICS

Kenan BAŞARAN

LEBANON - LEBANESEPUNCTUALITY NOT ESPECIALLY IMPORTANTABOUT HALF ARE MUSLIM, HALF CHRISTIANDESCENDED FROM EARLY WORLD TRADERS:

PHOENICIANSARABIC, ENGLISH & FRENCH ARE COMMONTALK BUSİNESS ONLY AFTER A MEALBEFORE THE CIVIL WAR THEY WERE THE

‘SWISS’ OF THE MIDDLE-EASTGOOD TOPICS: BUSINESS, CHILDREN,

EDUCATIONBAD TOPICS:POLITICS, RELIGION, RELATIONS

WITH ISRAELKenan BAŞARAN

ISRAEL - ISRAELISSHAKE HANDS WHEN MEETING AND LEAVINGSPOKEN GREETING FOR MEETING AND

LEAVING IS ‘SHALOM’TITLES ARE LESS IMPORTANT THAN USAPUNCTUALITY IS APPRECIATEDSHABBATH BEGINS ON FRIDAY AT SUNSETSTRONG ATTACHMENT TO USAGOOD TOPICS: CULTURE,HISTORY, RELIGIONBAD TOPICS: U.S.AID, WEST-BANK SITUATION

Kenan BAŞARAN

ASIA , CHINANOD OR BOW, THEY MAY OFFER HAND FOR

HANDSHAKINGANY TYPE OF TOUCHING IS UNCOMMONDUAL-LANGUAGE BUSINESS CARDS RECOMENDEDUSUALLY HAVE THREE NAMES, FIRST IS FAMILY

NAMETOASTING IS COMMON, APPLAUDING EVEN

SIMPLEST ACTMODEST GIFTS, AND A GIFT TO THE GROUPGOOD TOPICS:HISTORY, CULTURE, FAMILY,

PROGRESS IN CHINABAD TOPICS: CULTURAL REVOLUTION, SEX,

WEALTH, TAIWANKenan BAŞARAN

INDIAMEN SHAKE HANDS WITH ONE ANOTHERPUT PALMS TOGETHER AND BOW SLIGHTLY

WHEN GREETING A WOMANHINDUS DO NOT EAT BEEF. THE COW IS

SACREDMUSLIM USUALLY FOLLOW DIETARY RULESORTHODOX SIKHS WEAR A TURBAN, DON’T

SMOKE OR EAT BEEFGREAT RESPECT SHOWN TO ELDERSUSE YOUR RIGHT HAND FOR PASSING FOODGOOD TOPICS: CULTURE, TRADITIONS,

TRAVELBAD TOPICS:POVERTY, FOREIGN AIDSKenan BAŞARAN

PAKISTANHANDSHAKE, CLOSE FRIENDS MAY HUGMEN DO NOT TOUCH OR SHAKE HANDS

WITH WOMENISLAMIC CODE OF CONDUCT PREVAILURDU IS MAJOR LANGUAGE,ENGLISH

COMMONSHOWING THE SOLES OF SHOES IS RUDEGOOD TOPICS: CULTURE, HISTORY,

HANDCRAFTBAD TOPICS:CRITICISING ISLAM,

DICUSSING INDIA OR ISRAELKenan BAŞARAN

JAPAN - JAPANESEADOPTING WESTERN CULTURE QUICKLYBUSINESS CARDS EXCHANGED BEFORE BOW OR

HANDSHAKINGLIMP HANDSHAKING IS BECOMING COMMONDIRECT AND LONG EYE-CONTACT IMPOLITESTYLE JUST AS IMPORTANT AS SUBSTANCEPATIENCE, POLITENESS AND HUMILITY GREAT

VALUESGIFT-GIVING IS CULTURAL HABIT, BE PREPAREDTHE WORD ‘NO’ IS AVOIDEDGOOD TOPICS: ART, CULTURE, HISTORYBAD TOPICS: DISCUSSING WORLD WAR II

Kenan BAŞARAN

EUROPEENGLISH, WELSH, SCOTSEACH LIKES INDIVIDUAL RECOGNITIONENGLISH MORE FORMAL THAN OTHERSCONSERVATIVE IN DRESS AND SOCIAL

PRACTICESTITLES AND HONOUR HIGHLY IMPORTANTFOND OF HOUSEHOLD PETSAPPOINTMENTS WELL IN ADVANCE ARE THE

RULEPUNCTUALITY IMPORTANTHANDSHAKING COMMON BOTH MEN &

WOMENGOOD TOPICS: HISTORY,

ARCHITECTURE,GARDENINGBAD TOPICS: RELIGION, MONEY AND PRICESKenan BAŞARAN

IRELAND - IRISHNOT CONSCIOUS ABOUT TIME AND

PUNCTUALITYGIVING BUSINESS GIFTS IS NOT A COMMON

PRACTICEDIVIDED COUNTRYSTRONG EMOTIONAL TIES TO THE USAIRISH TELL BRITISH JOKES AND VICE VERSAJOLLY, WARM TEMPERAMENTREFUSING A DRINK OR FAILING TO BUY YOUR

ROUND IS BADBAD TOPICS: BEING PRO-BRITISH,

POLITICS,RELIGIONGOOD TOPICS:CULTURE,SPORTS,BEAUTY OF

COUNTRYKenan BAŞARAN

FRANCE - FRENCHFORMAL & CONSERVATIVE IN BUSINESS PROTOCOLFIRST NAMES RARELY USED EVEN AMONG COLLEAGUESFREQUENT HANDSHAKING, BUT SHORTER AND LESS

FIRMHIGHLY VALUE GOOD CUISINE AND FINE WINESMAIN MEAL OF THE DAY IS USUALLY AT MIDDAYTAKE GREAT PRIDE IN FRENCH HISTORY,

LANGUAGE,ARTS, EDUCATIONAL SYSTEMCHAUVINISTIC ABOUT COUNTRY AND LANGUAGEDINNERTIME CONVERSATIONS ARE IMPORTANT AND

OFTEN LONGGOOD TOPICS: FOOD, SPORTS, CULTUREBAD TOPICS: MONEY, PRICES, VERY PERSONAL

QUESTIONS

Kenan BAŞARAN

GREECE - GREEKSSHAKE HANDS, HUG EVEN KISS WHEN MEETINGPUNCTUALITY NOT MUSTPRIOR APPOINTMENT NOT NECESSARY BUT

APPRECIATEDEXTEREMELY HOSPITABLE, WARM,

DEMONSTRATIVERESPECT THE ELDERLYSMILES WHEN HAPPY BUT ALSO WHEN VERY

ANGRYUPTILTED CHIN AND RAISED EYEBROWS SIGNALS

‘NO’GOOD TOPICS: GREEK CULTURE, SPORTS, MUSICBAD TOPICS: TURKEY, CYPRUS

Kenan BAŞARAN

ITALY - ITALIANSMAY SHAKE HANDS BY GRASPING THE ELBOWGOOD FRIENDS HUG AND PAT BACKSDEMONSTRATIVE AND EMOTIONALTITLES ARE COMMON AMONG ACADEMICSPUNCTUALITY NOT A VIRTUEEXCHANGING GIFTS COMMON AMONG BUSINESS

PEOPLEDON’T TALK BUSINESS AT A SOCIAL EVENTGOOD TOPICS: FOOTBALL, FAMILY, WORLD

EVENTSBAD TOPICS: TAXES, POLITICS, RELIGION, MAFIA

Kenan BAŞARAN

THANKS FOR LISTENING

Kenan BAŞARAN