Intercalation: exchangeable ions

b

c

Si+4

O-2

Al+3

Na+1

O+0

O+0

Handbook of Nano. Mater. & Nanotechn., 2000

Ion-exchange:

Na+ Clay - + NR4Cl

NR4+ Clay - + NaCl

Intercalation: compounds

www.cem.msu.edu/~pinnweb

Intercalation: exfoliation/adsorption Reducing Polar Solvent agent (e.g. H2O) MS2 AxMS2 colloidal MS2

x-

Add polymer solution Nanocomposite (PEO polymer shown)

OOO

OOO

OOO

OOO

Intercalation: nanocomposites

Epoxy-clay nanocomposite

Lebaron et al, Appl Clay Sci 1999 Gilman et al, Chem Mater 2000