Interactions between

human and environment

Definition

• A System is made up of two or

more mutually interacting

components

Ecosystem • mutually interacting

components, describable in broad term as:

• climate (atmosphere),

• soil (lithosphere),

• water(hydrosphere),and

• organisms (biosphere)

Human social system

• mutually interacting components:

• population,

• technology,

• social structure, and

• ideology

• What are the 3 fundamental

functional aspects of all natural

systems?

• What are the interactions within and

between social and ecosystems?

What do the system model show?

• 1. Plausible points of interconnection between social system and ecosystem.

• 2. These linkages involve flows of energy, material, and

information; within and between the individual components.

• 3. These linkages are strategic targets for interdisciplinary research to study interactions of man and environment.

Are the interactions between man and

environment static or dynamic?

How could interaction

between man and

environment be

classified?

Influences of environment on social development

Relationship between agricultural

production, settlement patterns,

socio-political system and religion

in Danube basin

Theoretical framework of social development

• 1. Environmental determinism

• "Environment is the determinant of cultural form"

2. Environmental possibilism

• "Environment is the screen of

cultural traits and setting the

framework for cultural

development"

•Why do indigenous

people in the tropics

practice shifting

cultivation?

Interrelationship

between the human and

environment

Evolution of relationships between human and

environment

•3 eras

1. Human in nature

• modern human (Homo sapiens sapiens)

evolve 40,000 years ago

• about 30,000 years living as "hunter-

gatherers"

• existed in many different ecosystems from tropics to temperate

• acted like other omnivorous species