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INTERACTION DESIGN

INTERACTION DESIGN. Today’s objectives Understanding & conceptualizing interaction Control Design Challenge

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Page 1: INTERACTION DESIGN. Today’s objectives Understanding & conceptualizing interaction Control Design Challenge

INTERACTION DESIGN

Page 2: INTERACTION DESIGN. Today’s objectives Understanding & conceptualizing interaction Control Design Challenge

Today’s objectives

• Understanding & conceptualizing interaction• Control Design Challenge

Page 3: INTERACTION DESIGN. Today’s objectives Understanding & conceptualizing interaction Control Design Challenge

Four basic activities in Interaction Design

1. Establishing requirements

2. Designing alternatives

3. Prototyping

4. Evaluating

Page 4: INTERACTION DESIGN. Today’s objectives Understanding & conceptualizing interaction Control Design Challenge

User-Centered Design Process

1. Identifying needs (the problem space)

2.Establish requirements

3.Develop alternative designs to meet needs

4.Build prototypes that can be communicated

and assessed

5.Evaluate what is being built throughout the

process and the user experience it offers

Page 5: INTERACTION DESIGN. Today’s objectives Understanding & conceptualizing interaction Control Design Challenge

Conceptualizing design space

• describe what system will do for users.• outline what people can do with product • what concepts are needed to understand how to interact

with it.

• Conceptualize the design space using a conceptual model

Page 6: INTERACTION DESIGN. Today’s objectives Understanding & conceptualizing interaction Control Design Challenge

Lots of data

• When trying to understanding the problem (problem space) and conceptualizing the design space, you collect lots of information.• Notes. Pictures. Audio and video recordings. Impressions.

Observations.

• Can be overwhelming and confusing.

• Must be turned into something that designers, product team, and stakeholders-can understand and use.

Source: Shaffer, D. (2010). Designing for Interaction, pp114-126.

Page 7: INTERACTION DESIGN. Today’s objectives Understanding & conceptualizing interaction Control Design Challenge

40% of our users own android43% of our users own iphone60% want multi-modal interface controlFailure rate on existing control is 45%Process flow breaks down at point X

Turned data into something that designers, product team, and stakeholders-can understand and use.

Page 8: INTERACTION DESIGN. Today’s objectives Understanding & conceptualizing interaction Control Design Challenge

Source: Shaffer, D. (2010). Designing for Interaction, pp114-126.

Make the Data Visual & Physical• Usually, research data will be fragmented and exist in any

number of places.• Make them visual and physical.

Source: http://www.dh.umu.se/research/how-we-work.aspx

Page 9: INTERACTION DESIGN. Today’s objectives Understanding & conceptualizing interaction Control Design Challenge

Manipulating the Data

Once data are visual and physical, manipulating them:•Clustering similar pieces of data•Combining/collapsing redundant pieces of data•Juxtaposing related pieces of data•Naming data clusters•Juxtaposing unrelated pieces of data

XYZABCJKLCDE

Page 10: INTERACTION DESIGN. Today’s objectives Understanding & conceptualizing interaction Control Design Challenge

Manipulating the Data

• When manipulating the data, you are mainly looking for patterns.

80% of user paths

10% of user paths

Page 11: INTERACTION DESIGN. Today’s objectives Understanding & conceptualizing interaction Control Design Challenge

Organizing data

Some standard ways of organizing data:•Alphabetical•Numerical•Chronological•By frequency•By subject

80% of user paths10% of user paths

Source: Shaffer, D. (2010). Designing for Interaction, pp114-126.

Page 12: INTERACTION DESIGN. Today’s objectives Understanding & conceptualizing interaction Control Design Challenge

Analyzing the Data

Ways to go about analyzing the data:•Analysis•Summation•Extrapolation•Abstraction

Source: Shaffer, D. (2010). Designing for Interaction, pp114-126.

Page 13: INTERACTION DESIGN. Today’s objectives Understanding & conceptualizing interaction Control Design Challenge

Analysis

• Analysis, how you examine data. • Deconstruction of a whole process, activity, object, or environment

into its component parts.

Alignment Diagram

Breaks a process down into its discrete steps then indicates the problems and issues with each step, as well as the tools available to help users complete that stage of the activity.

Source: Shaffer, D. (2010). Designing for Interaction, pp114-126.

http://www.baldrige.com/

Page 14: INTERACTION DESIGN. Today’s objectives Understanding & conceptualizing interaction Control Design Challenge

What’s the process here?

Page 15: INTERACTION DESIGN. Today’s objectives Understanding & conceptualizing interaction Control Design Challenge

Touchpoint List

• Type of analysis that lists all points of contact.• Check in at an airport, touchpoints include agent, kiosk, ticket itself,

ticket sleeve, and the counter.

• Touchpoints can include:• Physical locations• Specific parts of locations• Hardware• Software• Signage• Objects

Page 16: INTERACTION DESIGN. Today’s objectives Understanding & conceptualizing interaction Control Design Challenge

What are the Touchpoints?

Page 17: INTERACTION DESIGN. Today’s objectives Understanding & conceptualizing interaction Control Design Challenge

Process Map

• Analysis - shows a high-level view of a service, steps, and boundaries of the project.

Page 18: INTERACTION DESIGN. Today’s objectives Understanding & conceptualizing interaction Control Design Challenge

Task Analysis

• A raw list of activities that the final design will have to support.

Page 19: INTERACTION DESIGN. Today’s objectives Understanding & conceptualizing interaction Control Design Challenge

What are the tasks?

Page 20: INTERACTION DESIGN. Today’s objectives Understanding & conceptualizing interaction Control Design Challenge

Summation• Taking pieces of data and making them add up to a

conclusion. • Noting that 75 percent of research subjects did a particular activity

can be a powerful piece of persuasion to demonstrate the need to support that activity.

Source: Shaffer, D. (2010). Designing for Interaction, pp114-126.

Page 21: INTERACTION DESIGN. Today’s objectives Understanding & conceptualizing interaction Control Design Challenge

Extrapolation• Opposite of analysis• Extrapolation seeks to make a new, different whole. • Designer extrapolates a product from what she knows

about the users.

Source: Shaffer, D. (2010). Designing for Interaction, pp114-126.

Page 22: INTERACTION DESIGN. Today’s objectives Understanding & conceptualizing interaction Control Design Challenge

Abstraction• Abstraction involves removing data until only the most

relevant data points remain.

• Those data points can be visualized as conceptual models.

Read Giles Colborne, (2010). Simple and Usable Web, Mobile, and Interaction Design (Voices That Matter) New Riders.

Source: Shaffer, D. (2010). Designing for Interaction, pp114-126.

Page 23: INTERACTION DESIGN. Today’s objectives Understanding & conceptualizing interaction Control Design Challenge

Conceptual model• The outcome of abstraction is usually a conceptual model.

• Best models of design research show (either implicitly or explicitly) three things:• Pain points. Where are there difficulties in the process? What don't users like?

What is creating unnecessary effort? What is inefficient or unpleasant?• Opportunities. What are the opportunities for improvement? Where is a tool

missing that might help users? What areas have been neglected that could be improved?

• Calls to action. What needs to be done in order to ameliorate the pain points and capitalize on the opportunities? What are the big design tasks that need to be done?

Source: Shaffer, D. (2010). Designing for Interaction, pp114-126.

Page 24: INTERACTION DESIGN. Today’s objectives Understanding & conceptualizing interaction Control Design Challenge
Page 25: INTERACTION DESIGN. Today’s objectives Understanding & conceptualizing interaction Control Design Challenge

Problems with interface metaphors (Nelson, 1990)• Break conventional and cultural rules

• e.g., recycle bin placed on desktop• Can constrain designers in the way they conceptualize a problem

space• Conflict with design principles• Forces users to only understand the system in terms of the metaphor• Designers can inadvertently use bad existing designs and transfer the

bad parts over• Limits designers’ imagination in coming up with new conceptual

models

Page 26: INTERACTION DESIGN. Today’s objectives Understanding & conceptualizing interaction Control Design Challenge

Activity• A company has been asked to design a computer-based

system that will encourage autistic children to communicate and express themselves better.

• What type of interaction would be appropriate to use at the interface for this particular user group?