INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS IN EUROPE

National Telecommunication Institute

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INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS IN EUROPE

Dr. Omayma ABDEL MOHSEN Switching [email protected]

April 2014

Intelligent Transportation systems in Egypt : Opportunities and Challenges


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The European Commission’s Directorate- General for Mobility and Transport (MOVE)

• The European Commission (one of the main institutions of the European Union) is divided into several departments and services. The departments are known as Directorates-General (DGs). Each DG is classified according to the policy it deals with.

• The European Commission’s Directorate-General for Mobility and Transport promotes a mobility that is efficient, safe, secure and environmentally friendly.


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Mission of the Directorate-General for Mobility and Transport

“The European Commission’s Directorate-General for Mobility and Transport is in charge of developing transport policies for the European Union. Its remit is to ensure mobility in a single European transport Area, integrating citizen’s needs, environmental policy, and competitiveness.”


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THE EU AND TRANSPORT

The 1992 Maastricht Treaty took a big step forward by introducing the concept of the Trans-European Transport Network (TEN-T).

This strengthened the basis for Member States to act together to provide key links in the European transport infrastructure, on which the European single market depends TRANS-EUROPEAN TRANSPORT NETWORK (TEN-T CORE NETWORK CORRIDORS)


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EUROPE AND ITS In the late 1980s the EC began to invest in research in ITS for

roads (the PROMETHEUS and DRIVE Programmes, European ATIS Projects/Systems)

Starting in the 1990s the Euro-Regional Projects funded from the Trans- European Transport Network (TEN-T) budget made significant advances in harmonised data exchange (DATEX) between European road authorities and in the use of language independent traffic messages over the Radio Data System Traffic Message Channel (RDS-TMC).

These Euro-Regional projects merged in 2007 into a single DG-MOVE project EasyWay


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EasyWay

http://www.easyway-its.eu/activities/


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EasyWay-ITS

http://www.easyway-its.eu/activities/


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The European ITS Directive and action plan Two decades on from the pioneering DRIVE research programme,

the EC tabled proposals designed to provide a framework for ITS applications and services connected with road transport, including their interfaces with other transport modes.

The aim is to harmonise deployment and operational use of ITS throughout Europe where possible.

The Commission’s proposals were subject to a long process of scrutiny before finally being adopted in 2010. The so-called ‘ITS Directive’ has a seven year lifespan during which time the EC is required to develop specifications for ITS systems and services in four priority areas


Policy framework for the deployment of ITS in Europe

Action Plan for the Deployment of Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) in Europe (2008)

Directive 2010/40/EU: Framework for the Coordinated and Effective Deployment and Use of Intelligent Transport Systems

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The European Commission’s ITS Action Plan is working to accelerate and coordinate the deployment of ITS in road transport, including interfaces with other transport modes.

The action plan was adopted after much preparatory work and a long consultation with stakeholders.

Its main focus is to ensure the compatibility and interoperability of systems, to facilitate the continuity of ITS services, and to do so through coordinated and concerted action at EU level.

ITS Action Plan


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ITS Action Plan

Optimal Use Road, Traffic

&Travel DataRoad Safetyand Security

Continuity ofTraffic &

Freight Management

IntegrationVehicle &

TransportInfrastructure

Data Protection &

Liability

EuropeanITS

Coordination

Area 1 Area 2 Area 3 Area 4 Area 5 Area 6

EU-wide real time travel

informationCollection

&provisionof road data

Accurate public data for

digital mapsFree minimum

informationservice

Promotion ofmulti-modal

journey planners

Continuityof ITS

servicesServices for

freight transport &logistics

European ITSFrameworkarchitecture

Interoperabilityof electronictoll systems

Promotion ofin-vehicle

safety systems

Introduction ofEurope-wide

eCallRegulatoryFramework

on HMIImpact

on Vulnerable road users

Guidelines:Secure parking

places for trucks

Development& evaluation

coop. systemsSpecificationsfor I2I, V2X

communication

Liability, esp. in-vehicle

safety systems

Collaborationplatform onurban ITS

Open in-vehiclePlatform

architecture

Mandate forEuropean

standardisation

Security &data protection

Guidelinesfor public

funding for ITS

Decision support toolkit for ITS

investments

Legal frameworkfor EU ITS

cooperation

6 priority areas - 24 actions


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ITS Action Plan ImplementationThe implementation of the ITS Action Plan represents a joint effort by

several European Commission services, coordinated by the Directorate-General for Mobility and Transport with the direct and active collaboration of four other directorates general (DGs) of the Commission:

– the Information Society and Media DG, – the Research and Innovation DG,– the Enterprise and Industry DG and– the Climate Action DG.

The plan is also implemented in close cooperation with ITS stakeholders, as seen for example in the staging of various workshops on action plan topics.


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Directive 2010/40/EU

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Objectives• Establishing a framework for coordinated and

effective deployment and use of ITS• Setting common priorities• Development of specifications and standards

focused on interoperability and continuity

Framework for the Coordinated and Effective Deployment and Use of Intelligent Transport Systems

in force since26 Aug 2010


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Directive 2010/40/EU


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AugCOM report

27 AugDirectivein force

20102011

20122013

FebWork

Programme

Real-time information Truck parking reservation

eCall Free min traffic

information Truck parking

information

AugNational

Reports

FebTrans-

position

AugNational

ITS Plans

FebFirst specs

to be ready

20142015

20162017

Aug National Reports Delegation ends

Multi-modal travel information

FebCOM Report on DelegationAug

National Reports

AugCOM Report

Source: ITS Policy and Funding Instruments in Multi-annual Finanacial Framework 2014-2020, Pawel Stelmaszczyk Head of ITS Unit,European Commission – DG MOVE

ITS Directive Timeline


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e-Call (Mobility and Transport MOVE)

Intelligent transport systemsNews (18/03/2014)

Vice-President Kallas welcomes deal on 112 eCall

• Commission Vice-President Siim Kallas welcomed the agreement today between the European Parliament and the Council on establishing emergency call response centres for the handling of 112 eCalls.

The eCall system automatically dials 112-Europe's single emergency number - in the event of a serious accident.

Link: http://ec.europa.eu/transport/themes/its/news/ecall-deal_en.htm


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ITS FRAME ArchitectureAction Area 2.3 of the EU ITS Action Plan requires the use of ITS

Architectures to support the European objectives of the Plan.The European ITS Framework Architecture, also known as the

FRAME Architecture, provides a suitable basis for this task.The FRAME Architecture was produced by the EC funded project

KAREN (1998-2000). It has been maintained and enhanced continuously since then with cooperative systems being added by the E-FRAME project (2008-11).

E-FRAME is funded by the EC, FP7 IST Programme (IST:Information Society Technology)

Clearly this architecture is a candidate for use by those who are implementing the ITS Action Plan.


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ITS FRAME Architecture

The FRAME Architecture is quite large. When originally produced by the KAREN project it was documented in paper form, resulting in several large documents that were not easy to navigate.

As part of the work of the FRAME projects the Functional Viewpoint is now available in HTML format. This is known as the FRAME Browsing Tool and can be viewed using Internet Explorer.

A copy can be downloaded from the FRAME website at: http://www.frame-online.net/.


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ITS FRAME ArchitectureThe FRAME Browsing Tool provides an interactive interface

through which it is possible to move from one part of the FRAME Architecture to another and to follow through the relationships between all of the functional elements.

It includes the diagrams shown in Figures that follows, plus Data Flow Diagrams for all the hierarchies in each of the Functional Areas.

It also includes the descriptions of all of the elements in the functionality, i.e. Functions, Data Stores and Data Flows, the Terminator and Actor descriptions, plus the identity and description of each User Need.


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ITS FRAME Architecture

The User Needs are divided up according to the areas in which the Services operate.

Hence there are User Needs for: •Traveller Journey Assistance,

•Traffic Management, •Public Transport Operations, •Freight and Fleet Operations,

•Advanced Driver Assistance Systems, •Safety and Emergency Facilities,

•Support for Law Enforcement and •Electronic Payment


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FRAME Architecture Context Diagram

In order for the functionality in each of the Functional Areas to work, it needs to be able to collect data from the outside world and to provide either that data, or a processed version of it back to the outside world.

This is done by specific dedicated parts of the functionality in each Functional Area. The links with the outside world that this functionality needs are illustrated by what is called the "Context Diagram" which is shown in Figure.


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FRAME Architecture Context Diagram


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Terminator• A Terminator is the link between the System (or ITS) and the outside

World. • It provides a definition of what the System expects the outside World

to do, the data it is expected to provide, and the data to be provided to it by the System.

• A Terminator may be a – human entity, – system, or a – physical entity from which data can be obtained such as the atmosphere, or

road surface.


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Terminator Example :Road Side equipment


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DFD0 the highest level of Data Flow Diagram


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DFD0 the highest level of Data Flow Diagram(provide Traveller Journey Assistance)


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DFD 6. Provide Traveller Journey Assistance


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DFD 6.6 Provide Traveller Information


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The FRAME Selection Tool

• The Browsing Tool is intended to provide a convenient way of navigating around the Framework Architecture and of viewing its contents.

• When the Framework Architecture is to be used as the basis for creating a particular ITS Architecture then it is necessary to select some (or possibly all) of the contents of the Framework Architecture.

• A Selection Tool has been created to facilitate the tasks that need to be done, and it can be downloaded from the FRAME web site.


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The FRAME Selection Tool The FRAME Selection, which contains a data base with all the

elements of the FRAME Architecture does not perform any selections automatically, but it does support the architecture team in its use of the methodology in the following ways.

• The team selects those User Needs that reflect the Stakeholder Aspirations.

•The tool will then guide the architecture team to those parts of the Functional Viewpoint that help to satisfy those User Needs.

• Once a Functional Viewpoint is considered acceptable, it can be used as the basis for one or more Physical Viewpoints.

• Once a Physical Viewpoint has been completed one of the reports available from the Selection Tool can be used to provide the starting point for an analysis of the Physical Data Flows. This leads to the creation of the Communications Viewpoint, which shows the characteristics of the links required between each of the sub-systems and modules, plus those with the Terminators.


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European ITS standards organisations

• CEN/CENELEC (European Committee for Standardisation/European Committee for Electro-technical Standardization – based in Brussels) The CEN Technical Committee TC 278 on Road Transport and Traffic Telematics (established in 1991) has most to do with ITS, including those elements that need technical harmonization for inter-modal operation with other means of transport. CEN/TC 278 cooperates with the ITS committee of the International Standards Organisation (ISO/TC 204).

• ETSI (European Telecommunications Standards Institute) Because ITS service provision relies on communications, especially the more advanced services, this makes ITS an area of strategic relevance to ETSI and one where ETSI leadership is required.

• United Nations ECE (Economic Commission for Europe) World Forum The UNECE’s main focus has been communication between vehicles and between vehicles and infrastructure. Technical specifications for autonomous emergency braking and lane departure warning systems are two examples.


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Lessons Learned and Conclusions • An ITS FRAME Architecture is a common

language and a tool to discuss state of the art system functionalities.

• Collaboration between different entities; Industry, Research and Innovation, Climate and environmental and Information and communication to deploy ITS.

• The staging of various workshops on ITS topics.


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References• http://europa.eu/about-eu/eu-history/index_en.htm• http://ec.europa.eu/index_en.htm• http://ec.europa.eu/about/ds_en.htm• “Mission of the Directorate-General for Mobility and Transport”

http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/transport/doc/2010_05_move_mission_statements.pdf

• John Miles, Finella McKenzie and Keith Keen , “Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) Practitioners’ Guide to EUROPE”, ITS United Kingdom, RTI Focus (UK) Ltd, January 2011Ankerbold International Ltd, www. Its-uk.org.uk.

• http://ec.europa.eu/transport/themes/infrastructure/doc/ten-t-country-fiches/ten-t-corridor-map-2013.pdf

• http://www.channelingreality.com/NAU/IVHS/Prometheus_Europe_fhwa.dot.pdf

http://europa.eu/about-eu/eu-history/index_en.htm

http://ec.europa.eu/index_en.htm

http://ec.europa.eu/about/ds_en.htm







http://ec.europa.eu/transport/themes/infrastructure/doc/ten-t-country-fiches/ten-t-corridor-map-2013.pdf

http://ec.europa.eu/transport/themes/infrastructure/doc/ten-t-country-fiches/ten-t-corridor-map-2013.pdf

http://www.channelingreality.com/NAU/IVHS/Prometheus_Europe_fhwa.dot.pdf

http://www.channelingreality.com/NAU/IVHS/Prometheus_Europe_fhwa.dot.pdf


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Thank You

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INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS IN EUROPE