Intelligent Energy: how can Europe work with South Asia?

Intelligent Energy: how can Europe work with South Asia?

Rainer Sauerborn University of Heidelberg

Presentation at South Asia Democratic Forum Conference „The Merits of Regional Cooperation“Brussels, October 11, 2012

Focus and structure• Pattern of energy sources & uses in South Asia• Energy dimensions– Security of energy provision– Foreign currency dependence– Energy and deforestation– Energy for economic growth– Energy and Climate– Energy and health

• What are intelligent policies?

• Cooperation with EU?

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Security and energy

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Health and Energy

• Cooking with biomass• Climate change health effects call for

adaptation and active mitigation policies in South Asia

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Household Household EnergyEnergy

POVERTY• Reduces ability to switch to clean fuel• Use restricts economic development

POVERTY• Reduces ability to switch to clean fuel• Use restricts economic development

INCOME• Simple fuels restrictive• Time, poor environment

INCOME• Simple fuels restrictive• Time, poor environment

HEALTH• Indoor air: ARI, COPD, &c• Burns• Poisoning

HEALTH• Indoor air: ARI, COPD, &c• Burns• Poisoning

ENVIRONMENT• Local - supply and erosion• Global

ENVIRONMENT• Local - supply and erosion• Global

WOMEN• Opportunity cost of lost time• Injury & violence• Decision making

WOMEN• Opportunity cost of lost time• Injury & violence• Decision making

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Case study: Health effects of indoor air Case study: Health effects of indoor air pollution, India pollution, India

• 650 m people cook with biomass• =85% of all energy used in India• Health effects: indoor air pollution>smoking• 5-6% of total disease burden

WBGU, 2003

Case study: IndiaCase study: India

DALYs (millions)

ARI

COPD

lung cancer

blindness

TB

Asthma

IHDARICOPDlung cancerblindnessTBAsthmaIHD

K. Smith, 2000

Deforestation

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Main medium term health impacts ofclimate change

• Injuries/accidents • Direct heat effects• Diarrhea• Vector-borne diseases • Malnutrition

15Margarete Chan, Director of WHO, 2008

All are highly relevant for South Asia

Lag time

Days

Weeks

Months

Years

Health impacts of climate change

Density equalling cartogram. WHO regions scaled according to estimated mortality (per million people) in the year 2000, attributable to the climate change that occurred from 1970s to 2000. Gibbs et al, in prep.

Emissions of greenhouse gases

Density equalling cartogram. Countries scaled according to cumulative emissions in billion tonnes carbon equivalent in 2002. Gibbs et al, in prep.

Cumulative emissions: the perpetratorsResearch output on health impact & adaptation

Europe’s 20-20-20 objective

By the year 2020•reduce greenhouse gases by 20%•increase the share of renewables to 20%•improve energy efficiency by 20%

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Total budget till 2020 730 million €

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Intelligent energy (p

olicy) >

Kirk Smith, 2012

Transforming energy systems:

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Unintelligent disparity between emission reduction potential and research efforts

21Kirk Smith, 2012

What it takes-in Europe and in South Asia

• Political will • Behavioral change by individuals & households• Technology (smart grids, smart meters..)• Research• Resource mobilization

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Thank you!