Integumentary SystemBy: Savannah Nash, Gatwech

Both, and Zoe Hixenbaugh

Consists of the skin, the largest organ in the human body

protects the internal body from any injury or damage

Aids the body in elimination Helps store fat Produces vitamins and hormones Maintains homeostasis First line of defense Protection from ultraviolent radiation

General Overview

Integument means covering Has receptors that can detect:

Heat and cold Touch Pressure and pain

Consists of: Hair Nails Sweat glands Oil glands Blood vessels Lymph vessels Nerves Muscles

Skin

Outermost layer of the skin Contains five sub-layers (bottom to top)

Stratum basale-Sratum spinosum Stratum granulosum Stratum licidum Stratum corneum- Keratinocytes Melanocytes Langerhans cells Merkel Cells

Epidermis

Composed of three types of tissue Collagen Elastic tissue Reticular fibers

Layers Papillary-upper Reticular layers-lower

Papillary Reticular Where the sensory fibers are located

Dermis

Thickiest and innermost layer of the skin Composed mainly of adipocytes Acts as an energy reserve Distributed all over the body Missing on certain parts of the body Insulator Shock Adsorber

Hypodermis

In charge of cooling the skin by evaporation Two types of sweat glands

Eccrine Apocrine

Eccrine From the dermis layer Produce sweat/perspiration Mainly on the forehead, upper lip, pales of hands and soles of feet

Acropine Found in armpits, around nipples, and in groin Also in the dermis layer Do not function until after puberty

Sweat Glands

Found in the dermis layer Located all over the body, except palms and

soles Made of secrete sebum Prevents skin and hair from drying Attached to hair follicles

Oil Glands

Transport nutrients and oxygen to the skin Transport Vitamin C from the skin to the

body Remove waste Constrict or dilate depending on the

temperature Located in the dermis

Blood Vessels

Supply lymph to the tissue of skin to help fight off microbes

Located all throughout the body alongside arteries and veins Not found in central nervous system, bone marrow, teeth, and avascular tissue

Lymph Vessels

Skin Cancer-most common form of cancer in the U.S.

Psoriasis-common skin condition that cause irritation and redness

Alopecia- complete loss of hair from the head or body

Health Problems

In your life time you will shed about 40 pounds of skin.

Adults have over 20 square feet of skin.

In just one month, your body will have a whole new layer of skin.

Between 30,000 and 40,000 dead skin cells fall off your body in under a minute.

The average amount of head hair is 120,000.

Goose bumps are actually little pimples that help keep a a layer of warm air over our bodies.

Fun Facts

Thinnest skin is found on the eyelidWhen you absorb water, your skin swells.The skin releases about three gallons of sweat a day in hot weather.Your skin comes in contact with over 150 different chemicals a day.The reason our lips are red is because the skin there is so thin that our blood vessels show through.

http://www.drstandley.com/bodysystems_integumentary.shtml

https://sites.google.com/site/integumentarysystem305/skin/sweat-and-

http://dermatology.about.com/cs/skinanatomy/a/anatomy.htm

http://www.webmd.com/skin-problems-and-treatments/picture-of-the-skin

Sources