Upload
others
View
1
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Integrating Wind & Solar power in a Grid
ELIA GROUP INTERNATIONALA strong, reliable and sustainable partner
Symposium Getting Power from Wind and Sun
Tokyo, March 8th 2018
One Group
Two TSOs (transmission system operators) with International Activities
The Elia Group is expanding its international activities through Elia Grid International
50Hertz at a glance
Grid area
Length of lines
Max. LoadPower consumption (based on electricity supplied to end-consumers in acc. with Renewables Energy Law “EEG”)
Installed capacities:- of which Renewables- of which Wind
Turnover- of which grid
RES share in power consumption
109,589 km² (~31 %)
10,215 km (~30 %)
~ 96 TWh (~20 %)
~ 16 GW (~20%)
Figures (50Hertz share in Germany) as of 2016/12/31
52,268 MW (~26 %)29,017 MW (~30 %)17,236 MW (~37 %)
9.449 bn€1.290 bn€
47.8%
Owner of the transmission grid
System operator
Market developer
„Trustee“ for managing surcharge systems
In charge of operation, maintenance and the development of extra-high-voltage lines and power junctions (substations) as well as for the connection of large-scale generators and consumers (including offshore).
Catalyst for the development of the energy market, especially in Northern and Central-Eastern Europe.
Responsible for the financial management of renewable energies (EEG).
Responsible for system stability of the transmission system around the clock: frequency control and voltage regulation, congestion management.
Activities of 50Hertz as a German TSO
The power system in the 50Hertz grid area
TSO (400 kV, 220 kV)
DSO – low level (< 110 kV)
DSO – 2nd to m. level (< 110 kV)
DSO – 1st level (< 110 kV)
5 neighbouring TSOs 12 conv. power plants/storages
- TenneT- CEPS- PSE
- Energinet.dk- Svenska kraftnät
- Schwarze Pumpe- Boxberg- Jänschwalde- Lippendorf- Reuter West- Goldisthal
- Markersbach- Hohenwarte II- Brunsbüttel (GKW)- Moorburg- Rostock- Schkopau
Other DSOs
10 Distribution System Operators
159 Distribution System Operators
Approx. 1.200 Windfarms
200 Windfarms
PV, biomass and other RES
CHP and IPP
CHP and IPP
CHP and IPP
PV, biomass and other RES
9 Windfarms 3 Steel Plants- 7 onshore- 2 offshore
Cascading
PV, biomass and other RES
- AVACON- E.DIS- ENSO Netz- SW Magdeburg - MITNETZ Strom
- Stromnetz Berlin- Stromnetz Hamburg- TEN- WEMAG Netz- SW Staßfurt
RES development in Germany
WindPV Biomass
Markierungen proportional zur installierten Leistung
2000 2006 2016
Massive RES growth in Germany since the introduction of the Renewables Energy Law (EEG) in 2000 –with Wind and PV as the main growth drivers
- ~ 30,000 plants- 1,665* MW installed Wind in Germany
- ~ 221,000 plants- 2,233* MW installed Wind in Germany
- ~ 1,600,000 plants- 45,910* MW installed wind in Germany
* BWE Figures
0
10
20
30
40
50
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
TWh
RES development in the 50Hertz grid area
50Hertz is world-leading in the integration of intermittent RES with an integration rate of ~48% in 2016 –with respect to ~32% in Germany.
Source: Company information
DEVELOPMENT OF INSTALLED CAPACITIES IN THE 50HERTZ GRID AREA
DEVELOPMENT OF RES SHARE IN POWER CONSUMPTION IN THE 50HERTZ GRID AREA
27,132 29,017
48 TWh 46 TWh
0
10
20
30
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
GW
Wind Solar PV Biomass Other RES
≙ 48%
TCC – Visitors coming from all over the world
Since 2012 visitors from 70 countries have been in Neuenhagen
8
TCC Berlin – Control Room
50Hertz has been investing intensely in system operations and runs a state-of-the art system for welltrained and highly reliable operators
Business-ITApplications
Data-communicationIT-Infrastructure
Network-Management-
Center
Real-Time-ITApplications
IT-Security & Governance
Applications• Energy Settlement• Finance/Controlling• Asset Management• Commodities
Systems/Platforms• Data-center Management• Server-Management• Database-Management• Application Firewalls
Systems/Platforms• IT-Network setup• IP-System Management• Data-Transmission Network
Mgt.• Telefony Mgt.
Network• 24x7 Network Monitoring &
Management
Applications• Scada Management• Load Frequency Mgt.• Data Exchange
TSOs/DSOs• Scheduling System
Management
ISMS
Part of the 50Hertz IT-infrastructure builds the backbone of successful system operation
RES intermittency
Fast RES growth not synchronized with grid development
Grid congestion
Challenges and solutions within system and marketsOverview
Current Situation
Resulting challenges
Shift “central” into a highly “decentral” energy landscape
Decentralization with distributed generation and active costumers
Increasing energy costs for customers
50Hertz solutions
Fast and efficient grid development Innovative congestion management concepts
Market development Foster cooperation on EU level
Physical imports and exports Germany and 50Hertz (2016)
FRA
SUI AUT
DK
SWE
CZ
8,75415
BENELUX2,636
22,981
8,7541536,124
10,147
1,68
4Energinet.dk
TenneT PSE
ČEPS
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016Imports in GWh Exports in GWh 50Hertz Germany
POL
50Hertz grid area is main exporter of electricity in Germany and Europe (~ 40 TWh).
Net exports in TWh
40.4
53.7
39.4
51.8
Significant redispatch is needed – also cross border – to master grid congestion
Scheduled flow versus physical flows (after redispatch)
PlannedExport ofGermany:12 GW
RealizedExport ofGermany:8,5 GW
During high wind periods Germany’s potential commercial export is much higher than physical export capacities allow. Exceeding power flows are turned back by redispatch.
50Hertz has been successfully reducing redispatch costs with grid extension and innovation
REDISPATCH AND RES CURTAILMENT AMOUNTS IN GWh
950800
7017,082
2014 Plan 2018
5,000
2016
5,800
FC 2017
6,450
5,5006,381
2015
10,880
9,544
1,336
267
2,621
2,888
Grid development and process improvements are showing to be effective Risk: ACER/European Commission request for higher trading capacities can significantly increase costs for congestion
management.
§13.2 Curtailment§13.1 Redispatch
First effects of commissioning of SWCL
REDISPATCH AND RES CURTAILMENT COSTS IN m€
205
107 120 115 100
13085
75
25
73
146
69
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
180 175
FC 10/2017
250200
20162015
351
Plan 2017
Plan2018
2014
94
§13.1 Redispatch§13.2 Curtailment
Grid extension reduces congestion and redispatch costsExample: new Southwest Coupling Line
Phase Shift Transformers (PSTs) at the Polish and Czech borders help steering power flow and reduce congestion
Main functionalities of PSTs Limit/regulate (unplanned) cross-border flows at the German-
Polish and German-Czech borders Prevent congestion at interconnectors and in the network close to
the borderImplementation Hagenwerder-Mikułowa (DE-PL): Polish PSTs in operation since
2016 Vierraden-Krajnik (DE-PL): Two step approach: commissioning of two PSTs and upgrade of the
interconnector on 380 kV in 2018 final state with four PSTs is foreseen for 2020
Roehrsdorf-Hradec (DE-CZ): German and Czech PSTs in operation since 2017
RES intermittency
Fast RES growth not synchronized with grid development
Grid congestion
Challenges and solutions within system and marketsOverview
Current Situation
Resulting challenges
Shift “central” into a highly “decentral” energy landscape
Decentralization with distributed generation and active costumers
Increasing energy costs for customers
50Hertz solutions
Fast and efficient grid development Innovative congestion management concepts
Market development Foster cooperation on EU level
2010
exp. 2020
European market design is based on a zonal conceptwith bidding zones coupled via power exchanges
• Price Coupling successful on the Day Ahead spot market, step-by-step expansion towards a common European Price Coupling.
• Ongoing project to introduce European Price Coupling in the Intraday spot market.
• Ongoing project to introduce Flow-based Market Coupling in Central Europe (exp. 2020)
European market integration has been very successful and facilitates the integration of volatile renewables.
Orange: Market coupling Central-Western EuropeBlue: Market coupling Northern EuropeGreen (dark): Single European Price CouplingGreen (light): Coupling of CZ, SL, HU & RO only (interim-step)
today
Development of short-term and balancing markets is in the focus of the market development strategy
Day-Ahead-Market
Intraday-Market
t-6 years t-(1-3) days t-15min t+6sec t+30sec
Forward Market
t-1 week t+15min
BalancingEnergy
Focus Areas Electricity markets Balancing markets
AuctionCross Border
Transmission Capacities
MarketCoupling
MarketCoupling?
Lessons learned:
− The market products developed and introduced in the last years worked properly (15min products)
− TSOs properly secured the system via additional security measures
− Need for increased flexibility shown by this kind of situation as we will face similar needs on a more regular basis in the future
Operational Challenges from PV: Solar Eclipse 2015 March 20
PV-forecast – Live extrapolation GermanyMegawatt (MW)
25.000
20.000
15.000
10.000
5.000
0
~13,7 GW
~6 GW
00:1
5:00
01:0
0:00
01:4
5:00
02:3
0:00
03:1
5:00
04:0
0:00
04:4
5:00
05:3
0:00
06:1
5:00
07:0
0:00
07:4
5:00
08:3
0:00
09:1
5:00
10:0
0:00
10:4
5:00
11:3
0:00
12:1
5:00
13:0
0:00
13:4
5:00
14:3
0:00
15:1
5:00
16:0
0:00
16:4
5:00
17:3
0:00
18:1
5:00
19:0
0:00
19:4
5:00
20:3
0:00
21:1
5:00
22:0
0:00
22:4
5:00
23:3
0:00
13.351 MW
20.042 MW
6.314 MW
-2.674 MW/1/4-Std
German TSOs can count on market mechanism for basic balancing.
+4.111 MW/1/4-Std
PV-Kombi, 50HzT, Dayahead Forecast 08.00 hPV-Kombi, 50HzT, Extrapolation
Day-ahead forecasts for wind and solar leave room for improvement intraday. 50Hertz build up strong competences in short term forecasting and intraday trading. Estimates are applied where real time data are not available. Service providers deliver online data and forecasts. They are continuously benchmarked against each other. Remaining deviations after market closure are to be levelled out by TSOs by activating control power.
Plant DatabaseWeather Forecast Feed-in calculation Feed-in forecast
Sophisticated RES forecasts in place, further improvements are needed
Good renewables forecasts are key for successful integration
RES intermittency
Fast RES growth not synchronized with grid development
Grid congestion
Challenges and solutions within system and marketsOverview
Current Situation
Resulting challenges
Shift “central” into a highly “decentral” energy landscape
Decentralization with distributed generation and active costumers
Increasing energy costs for customers
50Hertz solutions
Fast and efficient grid development Innovative congestion management concepts
Market development Foster cooperation on EU level
New players with low opportunity costs will offer flexibility on a competitive market of limited size
Distributed flexibility requires the system’s further digitilization. Increasing competition on the flexibility market complicates business cases for storage.
New players
Power to Heat Stadtwerke Schwerin
DSM Steel productionHamburg
Control power by RES (depending on legal framework and subsidy scheme)
DSM aluminium productionTrimet Hamburg
Lichtblick pilot (“At Home” power stations)
Small CHP-assets
DSM provided via aggregators
Guiding principles for integration of distributed flexibilities
Striving for the socio-economic optimum using flexibilities on different voltage levels.
Going for market oriented competitive solutions -while observing market power issues.
Implementing new transparent processes for flexibility providers and network operators.
Developing coordination concepts that take DSO constraints into account.
Using digitalization for innovative solutions.
The cooperation between DSOs and TSOs is being refined
Designetz
Project goal:develop and demonstrate solutions for energy transition, enabling intelligent communication and interaction among different players for an efficient renewables integration
WindNode support:about 40 m€ over 4 years, since 12/2016
Project partners:about 70 partners from industry, utilities, academics, …
Quelle: BMWi, WindNODE, Websites der anderen Konsortien
Within the ministry’s SINTEG program 50Hertz leads the WindNODE projectOverview of the five SINTEG projects
RES intermittency
Fast RES growth not synchronized with grid development
Grid congestion
Challenges and solutions within system and marketsOverview
Current Situation
Resulting challenges
Shift “central” into a highly “decentral” energy landscape
Decentralization with distributed generation and active costumers
Increasing energy costs for customers
50Hertz solutions
Fast and efficient grid development Innovative congestion management concepts
Market development Foster cooperation on EU level
EU
50Hertz is well engaged and committed in the European context
ENTSO-E as main platform
Joint entities for commercial operation
of interconnectors
Regular bilateral meetings/contracts
Design and successful implementation of market coupling
Successful development of grid codes
• There are already well-functioning regional and European TSO cooperations on technical and commercial level.
RSCs across the European grid system as service-providers to TSOs
RES intermittency
Fast RES growth not synchronized with grid development
Grid congestion
Challenges and solutions within system and marketsOverview
Current Situation
Resulting challenges
Shift “central” into a highly “decentral” energy landscape
Decentralization with distributed generation and active costumers
Increasing energy costs for customers
50Hertz solutions
Fast and efficient grid development Innovative congestion management concepts
Market development Foster cooperation on EU level
Grid fees account for 25% of household electricity prices being the only part that differs from region to region
SPLIT OF HOUSEHOLD PRICES IN 2017 GRID FEES (€) ELECTRICITY IN JANUARY 2016
Taxes, fees, levies
Procurement, sales
Grid fees DSO
Grid fees TSO
Rising grid fees and regional differences need to be managed actively
Average composition of the electricity prices 2017, German household with yearly consumption of 3,500 kWh
29.23 ct/kWh
Development of average TSO grid fees for 2018Basis: temporary grid fees 2018, situation as of October 2017 [ct/kWh1]
• 50Hertz’ initiative for unified TSO grid fees will lead to strongly decreasing grid tariffs within next five years.
TSO GRID FEES DEVELOPMENT FOR 2018 CHANGE IN GRID FEES FROM 2017 TO 2018
1Calculated with average grid fees of EHV and EHV / HV with annual utilisation time of 1,000 hours, 3,000 hours and 5000 hours* Rough estimate
(11)%
10%
14%
46%
(20)%
(10)%
0
10
20
30
40
50
50Hertz Tennet TransnetBW Amprion*
Strong increase of surcharges due to renewables developmentEEG-surcharge is the main component
0.445
2015
5.982
6.615
6.170
2013
0.1260.254
6.769
0.0400.3780.005
0.1780.000 0.0000.2370.250
2014
6.354
0.329
5.277
0.250-0.051
0.0920.009
6.240
Ø 7
7.217
6.880
-0.028
2016 2018
+28%
7.600
0.0110.037
6.792
7.684
0.006
0.438
0.370
0.390
2017
0.388
Offshore liabilty surcharge Surcharge for interruptable loads§19 StromNEV-SurchargeKWK-Surcharge (CHP)
EEG-Surcharge
Surcharges for households in ct/kWh
Thank you for your atttention
Q&ABert MaesCo-CEO Nemo Link Ltd
Address:Brussels Office: Rue Joseph Stevens 7, BRUSSELS, BelgiumMobile: 32(0)472 40 69 97Email: [email protected]: www.nemolink.co.uk