Integrating the Life Cycle Perspective into Building Design – Experiences and Current Developments

Integrating the Life Cycle Perspective into Building Design – Experiences and Current Developments

Energy Efficiency ConferenceMelbourne 14th September 2009

1. Introduction PE INTERNATIONAL

2. Sustainability evaluation of a Western Australian housing development

3. Life cycle information at the core of sustainability building certification


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In business since almost 20 years.

Many years of competence and experience in a wide variety of industries.

Global provider of Services and Sustainability solutions. (PE Americas, PE Australasia, PE Asia, PE CEE, PE NWE, PE Malyasia).

Private company, Headquarters in Stuttgart Germany (Germany).

PE Australasia Offices in Perth Western Australia, Wellington New Zealand

Satisfied user community in over 70 countries.

Over 500 Multinational companies (DJSI) use our solutions.

Currently around 100 Consultants globally.

Introduction PE INTERNATIONAL / PE Australia

Who we are

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Sustainability is a long-term issue – and has been a business model for

PE INTERNATIONAL for almost 20 years.

Consulting

• Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)• Energy efficiency studies• Monitoring and Reporting

Systems• Carbon Footprints / Offset• Compliance and risk

management• Management Systems• Communication

Solutions for

Corporate Sustainability• Sustainability information

management and reporting (e.g., GRI, ISO 14001, OHSAS 18000)

• Key Performance Indicator (KPI) systems

• Corporate Carbon Footprint• Supply Chain Management

Solutions for Product Sustainability

• Life Cycle Assessment• Design for Environment,

Recycling, Disassembly• Product Carbon Footprint

Introduction PE INTERNATIONAL / PE Australia Business Units

SoFi

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PE INTERNATIONALestablished 1991Offices: Stuttgart

Introduction PE INTERNATIONAL PE Sites and Sales Partners

PE Australasia established 2006/2009 Offices: Perth, Wellington

Japan

Korea

Norway

Canada

USA

Australia

Taiwan

Spain

New Zealand

China

Malaysia

PE-Subsidiaries Software Sales Partner

Denmark &UK

AustriaGermany

FinlandRussia

Kazakhstan

Brazil

Italy

PE CEE (Central Eastern Europe)

established 2006Offices: Vienna

PE Americas established 1998Offices: Boston, MA

PE NWE (North West Europe) established 2008 Offices: Copenhagen & UK

PE Malaysia established 2008Offices: Kuala Lumpur

PE Asia established 1998-2008Offices: Tokyo, Taipei, Shanghai, Bhilai





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Harrisdale Village Sustainability Evaluation Objectives

The main objectives of this study were

to identify the main environmental impacts of a typical single family dwelling in Western Australia by means of an environmental Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) according to ISO 14040

to identify the main economic impacts of the similar dwelling by means of a Life Cycle Costing (LCC) analysis

to develop Key Sustainability Performance Indicators including setting benchmarks for the design and use phases of the development

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Harrisdale Village Sustainability Evaluation The reference building

Typical single family dwelling in Western Australia

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$ Energy Ressources Emissions

∑ AUD? Life Cycle Costing

∑ Environmental impacts? Life Cycle Assessment

The reference building Core model

Development / planning Construction Operation Renovation Demolition

Materials production

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LCA of the Reference BuildingThe LCA Model (construction)

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LCA ResultsContribution analysis life cycle phases

Reference building: Life cycle phases over 50 years

-20%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

PrimaryEnergy (fromresources)

PrimaryEnergy

(renewable)

GlobalWarmingPotential

EutrophicationPotential

AcidificationPotential

PhotochemicalOzone

CreationPotential

Environmental categories

Construction

Use phase

End of life

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LCA ResultsEnvironmental hot spots of construction

Construction of the building: Contribution analysis

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

PrimaryEnergy (fromresources)

PrimaryEnergy

(renew able)

GlobalWarmingPotential

EutrophicationPotential

Acidif icationPotential

PhotochemicalOzone

CreationPotential

Environmental categories

Grano

Painting

Installations, plumbing

Fixings

Render, plaster, ceiling, tiles

Windows and glazed doors

Roof

Walls

Slab

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Summary

Hot spot analysis shows that around 85% of the environmental impact during the construction phase comes from the slab, walls, roof and windows/glazed doors.

Some of the hot spot impacts only come from a very limited number of products which raises the possibility of product substitution to improve performance. There are also areas where environmental benefits might be obtained by either increasing the contribution of recycling or renewable energy to the system.

Within the use phase the most significant environmental contributor is the electricity used for refrigeration and for cooling.

After the refurbishment costs, the electricity costs are also one of the major contributors to the LCC over the life of the building.

Materials used during refurbishment are of minor relevance to the LCA.

The most significant contribution from refurbishment is the impact on the LCC. While this is at least in part the result of the refurbishment cycle assumptions, it does show that it is possible that a building with high initial costs might perform better overall from a Life Cycle perspective.




Integrating the Life Cycle Perspective into Building Design – Experiences and Current Developments in Europe

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Why does Germany need a new certification System?

Regulations DIN-Standards Guidelines Codes of practice CE Labelling Marks of quality Research projects Architectural competitions Integral Planning Simulations …

High quality in the built environmentCertification

Of energy efficiency during operation phase

Although Germany has a leadership in building technology no measure for the holistic quality and no excellence award was existing

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DGNB German Certificate for Sustainable Building

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Rating system: General principles 2/2

System approach and life cycle perspective:

Holistic view is the basis of efficient sustainable building. The shift of problems

is avoided due to the life cycle approach. Environment product declarations

(EPDs) for building products are an important information basis.

Individual references and individually determined focal points:

The assessment reference reflects the local situation and focal points are

individually determined. Basic requirements ensure high quality.

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German EPD system: IBU

Structure of the system:

The German Institute of Building and Environment (IBU) is an association of material producers open for all producers

IBU has established program rules

Product forum => develop PCRs

Independent advisory board => developed its own SOP

(standard operating procedures)

Internet based forum => public consultation of PCRs

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Sustainability rating schemes for buildings

Future trends:

Fast growing number of certificates in all types of use

Life cycle approach (2nd generation) will find the way in other schemes

Environmental product declarations (EPDs) according ISO 14025 will supply environmental information on product level

International agreements for calculation methods are needed,

e.g. common metrics to measure emissions of CO2 equivalents from new homes and buildings

European Commissions policies and strategies support sustainability rating schemes

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Thank you for your attention!

Contacts:

Dr. Barbara Nebel Johannes Kreissig

[email protected] [email protected]

Anna Braune

[email protected]

www.pe-international.com

Documents

Integrating the Life Cycle Perspective into Building Design – Experiences and Current Developments