SUMMARIZINGPARAPHRASINGQUOTING

Integrating evidence into your writing:

SUMMARIZE---To summarize means to take facts, statistics, ideas and condense them. (Summarizing should use your own ideas and words.)

What to Summarize:

Well known, general, factual informationGeneral story lines from a bookEvents in a narrative

NO NEED TO CITE A SOURCE FOR THIS GENERAL INFORMATION!

PARAPHRASE---To paraphrase means to take someone else’s idea and put it into your own words.

What to Paraphrase:

Specific ideas or events from a text Specific factual informationAn author’s opinions

YOU MUST CITE A SOURCE WHEN YOU PARAPHRASE. YOU ARE BORROWING SOMEONE’S IDEAS.

QUOTE--- To quote means to take someone else’s words exactly.

What to Quote:

Particularly well-said ideasQuotable language or words

YOU MUST CITE A SOURCE WHEN YOU QUOTE. YOU ARE BORROWING SOMEONE’S WORDS.

When offering paraphrase or quotes, ALWAYS introduce ideas with SPEAKER and CONTEXT!Never – Apathy is a problem in our society. “Among the factors that cause apathy is our society’s orientation toward entertainment.” (David Solmitz 2)

INSTEAD –

How to integrate into your writing…

Apathy is a problem in our society. David Solmitz, when discussing the problems that lead to apathy, explains, “Among the factors that cause apathy is our society’s orientation toward entertainment” (2).

How to cite sources in MLA!In general, citations call for an author’s last name and page number. The citation tells you what one word will appear on the “Works Cited” page.

If the citation is (Green 3), I know there will be the name Green on the left margin of the Works Cited page!

A citation has one word and page number or just a page number if you’ve offered the speaker before the quote…

MLA Citation Example---

Examples…Atticus Finch, in To Kill a Mockingbird, says, “You don’t really know a person until you climb into his skin and walk around in it” (Lee 46).

(character speaks, we need to know author and pg #)

Harper Lee, in To Kill a Mockingbird, explains that you don’t really know a person until you really take the time to understand his situation (46).

(author speaking, we just need to know pg #)

How to cite sources in MLA!

NOTICE!Examples…Atticus, in To Kill a Mockingbird, says, “You don’t really know a person until you climb into his skin and walk around in it” (Lee 46).

(character speaks, we need to know author and pg #)

Harper Lee, in To Kill a Mockingbird, explains that you don’t really know a person until you really take the time to understand his situation (46).

(author speaking, we just need to know pg #)

Period comes AFTER

the citation!

Paraphrase also gets

citation!No need to

put in author

—she’s

already in the

sentence!