Integrated Farming System for Risk Management and Enhanced ...indiaatcop24.org/images/presentation/5dec-Session1/... · Integrated Farming System for Risk Management and Enhanced

Integrated Farming System for Risk

Management and Enhanced Climate

Resilient Agriculture

Dr. K. Sammi ReddyDirector (Acting)

ICAR-Central Research Institute for Dryland

Agriculture

Hyderabad, Telangana, India

Email: [email protected]

COP 24 @ Katowice: Side Event at Indian Pavilion on

5th December 2018

Outline of Presentation

• Introduction – Projected Scenario

• Agro-climatic zones

• Successful IF Models for different Agro-

climatic Zones

• Successful IFS Models for Rainfed Agro-eco

System

• Successful IFS Models for North Eastern

Himalayan Region

• Production constraints identified for

improvement

• Conclusion

Projected scenario in 2050

• 50% of India’s population will move to urban localities by 2050

as against present 29.5%: It will require diversified & qualitative

food rather than quantitative

• > 95 % of the holdings will be under small and marginal

category (0.11 ha)

• 382 million tonnes of food production will be needed to feed the

projected population (1.6 billion)

• Present shortage of concentrates (63%), green fodder (62%)

and dry fodder (22%) for livestock is likely to worsen which will

adversely affect the productivity of animals

• Demand for milk will be more than double by 2050 from present

around 155 million tonnes.

Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi - CRIDA, Hyderabad

• Rainfed area of major commodities

• Coarse cereals - 90%

• Pulses - 90%

• Oil seeds - 80%

• Cotton - 60%

• Rice - 55%

140 141 141 140 143 142 139 141 140

108 105 101 9690 85

80 77 73

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

Pla

n 4

(1

969

-74)

Pla

n 5

(1

974

-79)

Pla

n 6

(1

980

-85)

Pla

n 7

(1

985

-90)

Pla

n 8

(1

992

-97)

Pla

n 9

(1

997

-02)

Pla

n 1

0 (

200

2-0

7)

Pla

n 1

1 (

200

7-1

2)

Pla

n 1

2 (

201

2-1

7)

Are

a (

m h

a)

Trend in Rainfed Area in India during Five Year Plans

Net area sown Rainfed Area

• Rainfed areas Contribute

44% of food production

• Home to 66% of the

total 458 million

livestock

• Small, marginal and

tribal farmers with

poor resource base

• Bridging yield gaps

• Dry spells

• Declining soil health

• Small farm

mechanization

• Climate change

Small Farmer:

Core of Indian

Agriculture

• ~85% farmers have < 2 ha

cultivated land

• 77% districts have more than

70% smallholders

Number & Area of Operational Holding by Size Group (2010-11)

Category of HoldingNumber of

holding (‘000)

Area

(‘000 ha)

Average size

of Holding

(ha)

Marginal

(Less than 1 ha)

92356

(67.0)

35410

(22.2)0.38

Small

(1.0 to2.0 ha)

24705

(17.9)

35136

(22.1)1.42

Semi-Midium

(2.0 to 4.0 ha)

13840

(10.1)

37547

(23.6)2.71

Medium

(4.0 to 10.0 ha)

5856

(4.3)

33709

(21.2)5.76

Large

(10.0 ha and above)

1000

(0.7)

17379

(10.9)17.37

0

50000

100000

150000

200000

250000

300000

1970-7

1

1976-7

7

1980-8

1

1985-8

6

1990-9

1

1995-9

6

2000-0

1

2005-0

6

2010-1

1

2015-1

6

2020-2

1

2025-2

6

2030-3

1

2035-3

6

2040-4

1

2045-4

6

2050-5

1

Marginal

Small

Semi-

MediumMedium

Large

All Sizes

Number of operational holdings as per different Agriculture

Censuses and projected valuesN

um

ber

of

Ho

ldin

gs (

in '000)

Source: Agriculture Census ,2010-11

Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi – CRIDA, Hyderabad

Integrated Farming System


(IFS)

• Integrated Farming system is a set of agroeconomic activities that are interrelated andinteract with themselves in a particularagrarian setting.

• It is a mix of farm enterprises to whichfarm families allocate its resources in orderto efficiently utilize the existing enterprisesfor increasing the productivity andprofitability of the farm.

Objectives of IFS

• Provide a steady and stable income through

rejuvenation/amelioration of the system

productivity.

• Achieve agro-ecological equilibrium through

the reduction in the build-up of pests and

diseases, through natural cropping system

management and the reduction in the use

of chemicals.

• Greater resilience during climate change.

Diversification for Reducing

Risk under Climate Change

• Synergism among the different enterprises

• Components arranged spatially and temporallyon the same piece of land for the best utilizationof resources

• One component complements the other: Wastegenerated in from one component is recycledand used as a resource for the other

• Diversity of produce

• Environmental soundness

• More than components help to reduce risk if oneof the component fails.

Agro-Climatic Zones of India

Agro-climatic zone based production systems in India


Successful IF Models for

different Agro-climatic

Zones

ECF/OFR Centers Existing Farming

Systems

Constraints identified

1. Chatha, Jammu,

SKUAST. (J&K)

2. Akrot, Dist Una,

CSK, H P. K. V.

(H.P.)

Crops +

Dairy+Hort.

Crops + Dairy +

Poultry

Crops +

Horticulture

(Fruits/Vegetables)

CROPS

Rainfed farming, Small and marginal farmers,

Lack of diversification, Imbalanced fertilization,

Lack of technical know-how, Lack of marketing facilities

HORTICULTURE

Poor Technical Know-how, Poor planting material

Un – organized marketing, Low price at peak harvest

DAIRY

Shortage of fodder, Non availability of leguminous fodder

Feeding mainly with cereal based fodders

No use of mineral mixtures, Low yielding milchanimals

POULTRY

Socially less acceptable , Heavy loss due to diseases.

BEE KEEPING

Practiced by the farmers in shifting manner as this need

flowering crops/trees.

AGRO CLIMATIC REGION 1 – WESTERN HIMALAYAN REGION

43583

58485

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

Net

retu

rns

Rs./h

a/y

ear

Crop C+D+H

Farming Systems

WEST ER N H IM A LA YA N R EGION


ECF/OFR

Centers

Existing Farming

SystemsConstraints identified

1. Faridkot,

PAU, Ludhiana,

(Punjab)

Crops + Dairy

(95%)

(Hort./Bee

Keeping/Fish/

Poultry by 1-5%

Farmers.

FIELD CROP

1-Poor water quality for irrigation

2-Non availability of improved seed and good quality

insecticides

3-Unawareness of integrated approach .

DAIRY

1-Non availability of high milk yielding and fast

growing cows and buffaloes.

2-Non availability of green fodder through out year

3- Repeated breeding and infertility

HORTICULTURE

Poor Technical Know-how,

Poor planting material

AGRO CLIMATIC REGION 2 – TRANS GANGETIC PLAIN REGION

45

63

1

46

25

5

51

08

6

42000

43000

44000

45000

46000

47000

48000

49000

50000

51000

52000

Ne

t re

turn

s R

s./

ha

/ye

ar

Crop C+D C+D+Veg.

Farming Systems

TRANS GANGETIC PLAIN REGION


ECF/OFR

Centers

Existing

Farming

Systems


1. Haridwar,

Pantnagar, (

U.P.)

2. ECF, Sultanpur,

Faizabad,

(U.P.)

3. Haidergarh

Barabanki, U.P.

4.PDCSR,Meerut

Crops + D+Hort.

Agro-forestry +D

Crops + D +

Medicinal crop

Mentha +Fishery +

Poultry

Crops+Dairy+Hort.

+

Apiary/Fish

CROPS:

Use of local seed and varieties, Imbalanced use of NPK,

Limited irrigation facilities, Improper plant protection,

Lack of crop diversification

DAIRY:

Indigenous low yielding animals, Lack of green fodder

Poor feeding with wheat &paddy straw and sugarcane tops,

HORTICULTURE

Lack of technological know-how

FISHERY and POULTRY

High infiltration loss

Ponds are not technically sound

Diseases in poultry

Market facilities

AGROFORESTRY

Lack of Technological Know how

AGRO CLIMATIC REGION 3 – UPPER GAGETIC PLAIN REGION

57067

100081

118225

69248

97639

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000

Net

retu

rns R

s./h

a/y

ear

Crop C+D C+D+H C+D+P+F+M C+F+D+H+A

Farming Systems

UPPER GAGETIC PLAIN REGION


15796

29707

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

Net

retu

rns R

s./

ha/y

ea

C+D+G C+D+P+F

Farming Systems

MIDDLE GAGETIC PLAIN REGION

AGRO CLIMATIC REGION 4 – MIDDLE GAGETIC PLAIN REGION

ECF/OFR

Centers

Existing

Farming

Systems


1.ECF Banda,

CSUA&T,

Kanpur (U.P.)

2. ECF,

Maharajgang,

NDUAT,

Faizabad, (U.P.)

Crops + Dairy

+Goat

(Few farmer also

integrate the

system with Bee

keeping in

addition to above)

Crops + Dairy +

Poultry+ Fisheries

FIELD CROP

Use of local and poor quality seed

Imbalance use of fertilizer

Irrigation facilities are vary limited due to electricity.

Improper use of plant protection measures

DAIRY

Local breeds of cows ,buffaloes and goats

Lack of knowledge of balance nutrition.

Non availability of financial assistance

FISHERIES

Lack of good quality of fingerlings.


AGRO CLIMATIC REGION 5 – LOWER GANGETIC PLAIN

ECF/OFR

Centers

Existing

Farming

Systems


Kalyani (W.B.)

Shekhaupur

(W.B.)

Crops alone

NR- 16888

Crops +Hort.+D+

Ducks+ Fish

NR- 50663

Rice+Fish

Crops + Dairy +

Banana

intercropped with

tuberose

Crops+Hort.+Anim

al+Ducks+Fish

FISHERY

1. Improper stock management.

2. Inadequate supplementary feeding.

3. Rearing of local verities result

in low growth rate and more period

4. Rice+Fish simultaneousely give poor yield as compared to rice-fish cultivation in rotation

DAIRY

1. Imbalanced feeding

2. Diseases and repeat breeding

3. More dry period

4. Low yielding milch animals are reared


AGRO CLIMATIC REGION 6 – EASTERN HIMALAYAN REGION

ECF/OFR

Centers

Existing Farming Systems Constraints identified

1. Jorhat

(Assam)

2. Tinsukia

(Assam)

Rainfed

F1 Crop +dairy+fishery+poultry

F2 Crop+dairy+goatery

F3 Crop+dairy+goatery+pigeon

Irrigated

F4 Crop +piggery+poultry+duckery+pigeon

F5 Crop+dairy+fishery+goatery+duckery+pigeon

F6 Crop+dairy+fishery+goatery+duckery

CROP

Lower cropping intensity

Need of quality seed of HYV

Imbalance use of fertilizer.

Inadeqate plant protection .

Non adoption of improved

packages of practice

DAIRY

Imbalanced feeding

Low milk yield due to foot and mouth disease and render pest..

POULTRY

Non-availability of cheeks.

In adequate use of feed.

FISHERY

Improper stock management.

Inadequate supplementary feeding.

Rearing of local verities result in low growth rate and more period

HORTICULTURE

Citrus canker and panama disease

Estern Hmalyqan region

13997 21132

41042

160890

34539

63930

0

30000

60000

90000

120000

150000

180000

F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6

Farming Systems

Ne

t re

turn

s R

s./h

a/y

ea

r

Rainfed

Irrigated


AGRO CLIMATIC REGION 7 – WESTERN DRY REGION

ECF/OFR

Centers

Existing

Farming

Systems


Jodhpur

(Rajasthan)

Crops +Dairy

NR-11950

Crop+Dairy+Hort.

(Ber/Aonla)

NR- 16500

Crops + Dairy

(Sheep&Goats)

Agro forestry

(Crops in between

the fuel cum

fodder

tree species like

Prosophis juliflora,

P.Cineraria

Crop+Dairy+Hort.

(Ber fruits)

CROPS

Rainfed agriculture-insufficient and unassuremoisture during grand period of crop growth is a common phenomenon.

High risk and as such mixed cropping is practiced with less care and scientific management.

Imbalanced use of nutrient and no use of micro-nutrient

Lack of Technological Know how

SHEEP & GOAT

Indigenous local breeds with less production of milk and wool

Malnutrition and Reduced grazing area.

HORTICULTURE

Moisture deficit at initial establishment

Non- availability of genuine fruit plant seedlings

Wild animal damage

Market not available in near vicinity of the villages


48

00

0

91

50

0

49

26

6

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

70000

80000

90000

100000

Ne

t re

turn

s R

s./h

a/y

ea

r

Crop C+D C+D+H

Farming Systems

CENTRAL PLATUE AND HILL REGION

AGRO CLIMATIC REGION 8 – CENTRAL PLATEAU & HILL REGION


Systems


1. Udaipur, MPUAT,

(Rajasthan)

2. Durgapura,

Raj. Agric. Univ.,

Durgapura,

(Rajasthan)

3. Kundeshwar,

JNKVV Tikamgarh

(M.P.)

4. ECF, Chhindwara,

J.NKVV, Jabalpur,

M.P.

Crops + Dairy

Crops +

Horticulture

Crops + Dairy +

Sheep/goat

Crops + Dairy+

Hort./ Poultry

FIELD CROPS

Non-availability of newly developed HYV seeds.

Imbalanced use of fertilizers.

Lack of knowledge of improved package of practices.

DAIRY

Lack of cross breed and exotic breed animals.

Lack of AI and medical facilities for cattle.

HORTICULTURE

Lack of availability of improved good planting materials suitable for local condition.


Lack of knowledge of improved package of practices.


AGRO CLIMATIC REGION 9 – WESTERN PLATUE AND HILL REGION


Systems


1.ECF, Ambajogai, Dist.

Beed,

Marathwara

Agric. Univ.

Parbhani

(Maharastra)

2. ZARS,Igatpuri, Dist.

Nasik, MPKV,

Rahuri (Maharastra)

Crops + Dairy

Crops + Dairy + Hort.+

+Agroforestery/Fishery

Crops + Hort. + poultry/

Silvipastoral

Crops + Dairy + BYP

Crops + Dairy +

Hort.(Veg.& grapes)

FIELD CROPS

Imbalance use of fertilizers,

Improper sowing distance.

Soil fertility degrading.

Crop failure due to weather fluctuation.

Low/light plant protection .

DAIRY

Poor health and nutritional status of animal

Non availability of green fodder in summer

In fertility and more dry period (6 months)

FRUIT CROPS

Biological control of pest$ disease of grapes

for export is essential but not done.

Stabilization of hormonal doses of growth regulator for grape is not proper.

VEGETABLES

Poor storage structure for onion.

Poor Agro techniques for increasing water and fertilizer efficiency.

1791

8

6800

0

2905

8

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

70000

Net

ret

urns

Rs.

/ha/

year

Crop C+D+H C+D+P

Framing Systems

WESTERN PLATUE AND HILL REGION


AGRO CLIMATIC REGION 10 – EASTERN PLATUE AND HILL REGION

ECF/OFR

Centers

Existing Farming

Systems


1.ECF, Sindewahi,

Dist. Chandrapur,

Akola (Maharastra)

2. ECF,

Bhawanipatna,

Dist. Kalahandi,

OUAT, (Orrisa)

Crops + Dairy + Hort.

Crops Fish+Dairy +

Veg.

Crops + Fish+D+ Hort.

Crops + Banana +

Dairy+

Fish+Poultry

FIELD CROP

Need of supply of quality seed of

improved variety seed


Inadequate plant protection measures

DAIRY

Inadequate use of feed.

Preventive measures against diseases not

undertaken.

POULTRY

Non-availability of day old quality chicks.


FISHERY


Inadequate use of supplementary feeding.

77769

38965

38108

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

70000

80000

Net

retu

rns R

s./h

a/y

ear

C+B+D+F+P C+F+D+Veg C+F+D+H

Farming Systems

EASTERN PLATUE AND HILL REGION


AGRO CLIMATIC REGION 11– EAST COAST PLAIN & HILL REGION

ECF/OFR Centers Existing Farming Systems Constraints identified

1. Miryalaguda.

Nalgonda (A.P.)

2.ECF,

Bhawanipatna

&Ranital OUAT,

Bhubneshwar,

(Orrisa)

3. ECF,

,Tindivanam,,

VridhachalamTNA

U, (Tamilnadu

Crops + Dairy

Crops + Dairy + Fruits

banana/citrus

Crops+Fish+Dairy+Vegetables

Crops + Fishery+Dairy +Hort.

Crops +Fish+ Dairy +

Hort./poultry

Crops + dairy

FIELD CROP

Lower cropping intensity

Need of quality seed of HYV


Inadequate plant protection .

Non adoption of improved

packages of practice

DAIRY

Imbalanced feeding

Low milk yield due to foot

and mouth disease and render pest..

POULTRY

Non-availability of chicks.


FISHERY


Inadequate supplementary feeding.

Rearing of local verities result

in low growth rate and more period

HORTICULTURE

Citrus cancer and panama disease10

87

8

62

99

2

48

93

9

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

70000

Ne

t re

turn

s R

s./

ha

/ye

ar

Crop C+D C+D+H

Framing Systems

WESTERN PLATUE AND HILL REGION


AGRO CLIMATIC REGION 12– SOUTHERN PLATUE AND HILL REGION


Systems


Anakapalle,

APAU, Hyd. (A.P.)

Nipani, Distt.

Belgaum, UAS,

Dharwad

(Karnataka)

Hebbal, UAS,

Bangalore

(Karnataka)

Bheemarayanagudi,

Dist. Gulbarga,

UAS,Dharwad,

(Karnataka)

Crops

+Poultry/sheep/goat

Crops + Dairy +

Vegetables

Crops + Dairy + Orchard

Crops +

Cows/sheep/goat

+ poultry

Crops + Dairy / sheep /

goat / BYP / Silkworm

Coconut+Banana/Turme

ric / Ginger

FIELD CROPS

Failure of punaji rice , Non availability of rice varieties for late sowing & cold tolerant

Incidence of pest &disease. Non adoption and non availability of quality seed .Non practice of integrated nutrient management.

Inadequate ,untimely and scanty rainfall.

Shortage of own funds

Poor water management practices.

DAIRY

Inadequate and imbalanced usage of animal feed

Problem of disease.

Lack of sufficient fodder during summer.

Non availability of graded murrah buffaloes.

Large population of non-descript cow and buffaloes with poor genetic potential.

Non availability of medical facilities.

Non availability of enough grazing land.


ECF/OFR

Centers

Existing Farming

Systems


Anakapalle,

APAU, Hyd. (A.P.)

Nipani, Distt.

Belgaum, UAS,

Dharwad

(Karnataka)

Hebbal, UAS,

Bangalore

(Karnataka)

Bheemarayanagudi,

Dist. Gulbarga,

UAS,Dharwad,

(Karnataka)

Coconut + Veg . /

flowers / forage crops

Coconut-mulberry

Crops+Dairy Crops +

Dairy+Hort.

Crops + Dairy/Goat

HORTICULYURAL CROP

Pest & disease

Poor integrated nutrient management

Lack of market information and intelligence.

Non availability of suitable varieties.

POULTRY

Non availability of day old chicks locally

Good quality feed is not availability.

SHEEP

Lack of technical guidance to the sheep

growers particularly in stall feeding.

Vaccination and other medical facilities

are not available.

AGRO CLIMATIC REGION 12– SOUTHERN PLATUE AND HILL REGION

.Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi – CRIDA, Hyderabad

49

40

0

92

43

0

94

46

5

22

12

9

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

70000

80000

90000

100000

Ne

t re

turn

s R

s./h

a/y

ea

r

C+D C+D+H C+D+G C+D+S+G

Farming Systems

SOUTHERN PLATUE AND HILL REGION

AGRO CLIMATIC REGION 13 – WESTERN PLAIN & GHAT REGION

ECF/OFR

Centers

Existing Farming

Systems


Anakapalle,

1.ECF,

Thrirupathisaram,

Kanyakumari,

TNAU, (TN)

2.ECF,Mulde,Tal,Kuda

l, Dist.Sindhudurg

Konkan

Region( Maharastra)

3. ECF,

Sadanandapuram,

CSR,Karmana,

KAU

Coconut + Veg . /

flowers / forage crops

Coconut-mulberry

Crops+Dairy

Crops + Dairy+Hort.

Crops + Dairy/Goat

FIELD CROP

Non -adoption of high yielding varieties and low seed replacement ratio.

Lack of irrigation facilities.

Insect pest & diseases.

DAIRY

Hot and humid climate require extra attention for livestock production.

Water shortage during summer and non-availability of green fodder.

HORTICULTURE

Small size and fragmented land holding.

In adequate knowledge and poor facilities of post harvest technology.

43750

49300

99375

143625

127225

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000

140000

160000

Net

retu

rns R

s./h

a/y

ear

Crop Coco+Ban Co+B+D+F+P

Farming Systems

WESTERN PLAIN & GHAT REGION


AGRO CLIMATIC REGION 14 – GUJRAT PLAIN & HILL REGION


Systems


1. OFR, Vadodara,

AAU, Anand,

(Gujrat)

2. Jagudan, Dist.

Mehsana, SDAU,

(Gujrat)

Crops + Dairy

Crops + Dairy+ Hort.

+Poultry

Crops + Dairy/Hort.

(citrus & marigold)

FIELD CROPS

Imbalanced nutrition/ micronutrient

deficiency. Non adoption of IPM modules.

Poor quality & inadequate irrigation water.

Termite is a problem. High cost of pesticide

DAIRY

Imbalanced nutrition /malnutrition

Mineral mixture is not used .

Hygiene problems in milch animal.

ORCHARD/VEGETABLES

Gummosis and die back diseases in citrus.

Use of planting materials from non-reliable source of seed.

Improper marketing and processing

POULTRY

Use of indigenous/local breeds

Market instability. Hygiene problems

23400

31360

24087

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

35000

Net

retu

rns R

s./

ha/y

ear

Crop C+D C+D+P

Farming Systems

GUJRAT PLAIN & HILL REGION


37614

59343

41286

49465

48450

77769

63750

99375

127225

97639

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000

140000

Net

pro

fit

Rs./

ha/y

ear

FS1 FS2 FS3 FS4 FS5 FS6 FS7 FS8 FS9 FS10

Treatments

Monetary returns under different Farming Systems practiced in different parts of

the countryFS1 Crops + Dairy

FS2 Crops + Dairy + Horticulture

FS3 Crops + Dairy + Poultry

FS4 Crops + Dairy + Goat

FS5 Crops +Fishery+ Dairy +Poultry

FS6 Crops + Dairy + Hort. +Poultry + Fish

FS7 Rice +Fish

FS8 Coconut + Banana

FS9 Coconut+ Banana + Cocoa + Pineapple+ Nutmeg

FS 10 Crops + Dairy + Hort. +Bee keeping + Fish

Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi - CRIDA, Hyderabad

Economically most efficient farming systems in different Agro Climatic Regions

58485

51086

118225

29707

50663

22452

16500

91500

68000 7

7769

62992

94468

143625

31360

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000

140000

160000

Ne

t re

turn

s (

Rs

/ha

/ye

ar)

ACR1 ACR2 ACR3 ACR4 ACR5 ACR6 ACR7 ACR8 ACR9 ACR10 ACR11 ACR12 ACR13 ACR14

Agro-climatic Regions

C+

D+

H

C+

D+

Ve

g.

C+

D+

F

C+

D+

P+

F

C+

H+

D+

Du

+F

C+

F+

Ve

g.

C+

D+

H

C+

D

C+

D+

H

C+

B+

D+

F+

P

C+

D

C+

D+

G

Co

c+

B+

Ve

g.+

H+

C+

D

C+

D

ACR1: Western Himalayan

ACR3: Upper Gangetic Plain

ACR5: Lower Gangetic Plain

ACR7: Western Dry Region

ACR9: Western Platue & Hill

ACR11: East Coast Plain & Hill

ACR13: Western Plain & Ghat

ACR2: Trans Gangetic Plain

ACR4: Middle Gangetic Plain

ACR6: Eastern Himalayan

ACR8: Central Plateau & Hill

ACR10: Eastern Platue & Hill

ACR12: Southern Platue & Hill

ACR14: Gujrat Plain & Hill


Rainfed Integrated Farming

System Models

Integrated Farming System for Northern Telangana Zone

Resource flow in integrated farming system (crop+ dairy + draught animals) of a

marginal farmer (B. Kistu) in Seethagondhi, Adilabad (Northern Telangana Zone)

Farmers’ Practice: Crop (1 ha) + 2 draught animals : Rs 17,030

Resource flow in integrated farming system (crop+ draught animals +

dairy + small ruminants) of a small farmer

Integrated Farming System for Central Telangana Zone

Farmers’ Practice: Crop (2 ha) + 2 draught animals : Rs 37,215

S.No. Particulars Amount (Rs.)

1 Gross returns 1,30,450

2 Total cost of cultivation of crop (a) 23,600

Cost of digging of pond (b) 35000

3 Net returns accrued from production of

tomatoes (1-2a)

107,350

Net returns accrued after recovering cost of

farm pond [1-2(a+b)]

72,350

(Rs 3,61,750

/ha)

4 (a) BCR based on total cost of cultivation of

crop

5.53

(b) BCR based on total cost of cultivation

including cost of pond

2.23

Impact of farm pond on net returns accrued from production

of tomatoes (in 0.5 acre land)

Sustainable IFS module for a marginal farmer

(1.0 ha) in rainfed areas of Southern Tamil Nadu

IFS model: crop + dairy + poultry + goat

AICRPDA - Kovilpatti

Farming system Net income

(Rs/ha/year)

Benefit:

cost ratio

Employment

(man-

days/ha/year)

Sustainability

index

Crop alone 2057 1.28 185 -23.0

Crop + goat (4) + poultry (20) 8274 1.92 297 12.3

Crop + goat (4) + poultry (20) +

dairy (1)

14208 1.72 343 46.1


sheep (6)

7265 1.47 343 6.6


sheep (6)

17598 1.75 389 65.3


Models for Eastern Himalayan

Region

Integrated farming system (Fishery + Piggery + Vegetables)

No. of

farmers

benefitt

ed

Area (ha) yields*(q/ha) Economics of

demonstration (Rs./ha)

Gros

s

Cost

Gross

Retur

n

Net

Retur

n

BCRAfter

interve

ntion

Before

interv

ention

Demo Local

practic

e

10 0.15 0.1(Fishery+Pigg

ery) Fish

yield=1.95q/u

nit Pig meat=

0.70q/unit

Cabbage=63q

Fish

yield

=0.50q

314

005960

0

2820

0

1.89

:1

Jaintia

hills

Integrated Farming System Model

Problems: Low income and risk from mono cropping

system Intervention: Pond based farming system

Existing IFS model- 5 nos ( 16 x14 x2.5 cubicmetre)

Newly developed IFS model -2 nos( 16x 14 x2.5

cubicmetre)

Introduced fish(@ 8500 nos/ha + 10 ducks + 20

banana(G-9) in each model

Banana 82 tons/ha

Fish yield: 3.72q/ IFS/year

Egg: 715 nos/IFS/year

Average Net Return : Rs 25,345/IFS/year

B:C ratio: 3.82

Impact

Westgaro

hills

Title Duck cum Fish farming

Area 0.13 ha

No. Of Demonstrations 5

No. Of Beneficiaries 5

Result / Status After 5 months average body weight of khaki campbell

is

Male-2.5 kg, Female- 1.9 kg.

Performance of Local

Check

After 5 months average body weight of Local duck is

Male-1.7kg, Female- 1.4 kg.

Integrated Farming System (IFS) with Fish and Duck Cach

ar

Pig-cum-fish Integrated Farming System

Demonstrated 2 IFS with pig breed Hampshire X Local (2F+1M=3)Fish: Indian carp (Catla, Rohu and Mrigal)Floor space area- 3sqm/ pig Side walls made of wooden plank with tin roof & floor with one foot deep saw dustStocking density of 8000 fingerlings/ ha Average pond size: 0.1 ha/unitYield of fish: 105 kg/0.1 ha and 8 pigletsAvg Net return Rs. 34,570/unit/yr with B:C ratio 2.05

Achievement for Resilience to climate

Improvement in productivity

Before Intervention After Intervention

Fish Production: 65kg/ 0.1 ha/yr

(without integration of pig)

Body weight gain :148g/pig/day

Fish production: 108 kg/0.1ha/yr

Ri-bhoi

DUCK CUM FISH INTEGRATED FARMING

No. of farmers involved

11

Number of animal 20

ducks/unit

ECONOMICS OF LOCAL

Gross cost Gross Return Net Return BCR

11200 14580 3380 1.30

ECONOMICS OF DEMONSTRATIONPER UNIT

Gross cost Gross Return Net Return BCR

17460 31960 14500 1.83

Production parametersDemo Local

Egg production: 10

nos./bird /month

Fish Production: 92 kg

Fish Production:81kg

(without integration)

Breed: Khaki Campbell cross

Floor space- 1 sqft/duck

Duck stocking- 200 duckling/ ha

Fish stocking- 6000 fingerlings/ ha

Ri-

bhoi

Demonstration on Integrated Duck cum Fish

Farming

No. of Unit No. of Farmer

3 3

Problem : Mortality of bird

during flood

Dhubr

i

Interven

tions

Techno

logy

demonstrate

Critical

input

(Variety,

Fertilizer

/

Chemical

s doses,)

No

.

of

far

me

rs

Are

a

(ha)

/Un

it/

No.

Measurable

indicators of output

%

incre

ase

Economics (Rs./ha)

Demo Local Gross

Cost

Gross

Retur

n

Net

Retur

n

BCR

Manageme

nt of fish

ponds /

tanks

during

water

scarcity

and

excess

water

Renovation of

dykes of

ponds and

demonstratio

n on

integrated

fish cum

horticultural

system

Plant

saplings,

fingerling

s

3 0.4 26.25

q/ha

18.75

q/ha

40.0 11950

0

(Demo

)

26250

0

(Demo

)

14300

0

(Demo

)

2.19

(Dem

o)

11850

0

(Local)

18750

0

(Local)

69000

(Local)

1.58

(Local

)

Integrated

fish cum

duck

farming

IFS Fish,

Duckling

s

6 6.0 26.25

q/ha

(Fish)

120

eggs/bird

/ year

18.75q/h

a (Fish)

40.0 15700

0

(Demo

)

45450

0

(Demo

)

29750

0

(Demo

)

2.89

(Dem

o)

11850

0

(Local)

18750

0

(Local)

69000

(Local)

1.58

(Local

)

Dhubri (2012-13)Integrated fish and horticulture system in Assam

Technology demonstrated : Integrating duck and fish

farming (a unit of 20 ducks over a pond of 5 cents)

Number of units: 25

Measurable indicators

Demonstration Check

Egg production 4300 eggs/year from a

unit of 20 ducks

3650 eggs/from 20 back yard

Ducks

Fish production 50

kg/ unit of 5 cents

40

kg/ unit of 5 cents

Integrated fish and duck farming system

Problem : Monoculture of fish/duck and lower income

Alleppey (2012-13)

Economics of demonstration (Rs./unit)

Gross cost Gross return Net return BCR

Demonstration 23600 43990 20397 1.86

Check 26500 35300 8800 1.33

Alleppey (2012-13)

Techno

logy

demonstrate

Critical input

(Variety,

Fertilizer /

Chemicals

doses,)

No. of

farme

rs

Area

(ha)/

Unit

Measurable

indicators of

output*

%

increas

e

Economics (Rs./ha)

Gross

Cost

Gross

Return

Net

Return

BCR

Demo Local

Integrated

fish cum duck

farming

system

Fish 02 2

ponds

/0.4

1.1 ton/ha

and 203

kg of duck

meat in 5

months

0.80

ton/ha

in 5

months

37.5 %

in case

of fish

yield

10114

3

(Demo)

172600

(Demo)

71457

(Demo)

1.71

(Demo)

57143

(Local)

96000

(Local)

38857

(Local)

1.68

(Local)

Dimapur (2013-14)Integrated fish cum duck farming system

Resource utilization in the existing farming system through

Integrated Fish cum Duck Farming

Intervention No. of

farmer

Unit/

No. /

Area

(ha)

Economics of demonstration

(Rs./ha)

Economics of Check

(Rs./ha)

Gross

Return

Net Return BCR Gross

Return

Net Return BCR

Integrated

Farming

System

8 8 units 576000 478000 5.59 420000 329800 4.65

Dhubri (2014-

15)

Integration of Duck and Pig farming.

Problems: mono cropping of fish in ponds

Intervention: Fishery based farming system

The total number of 80 ducklings and 4

piglets were distributed to two farmers for

integration of animal component for additional

income.

Impact

Year Technology

Demonstrated

Variety Area

(Ha)/

No. of farmer

Measurable indicators

of output

%

increas

eDemo Local

2014-15 Assess the

performance of

Chara Chambelli

Duckling 02 (40

duckling)/2

2.23

kg/duck

1.80 kg/duck 23.88

Integrated farming

system

Hampshire

X piglet and

pigsty

2/2 Ongoing

Economics of demo (Rs./ ha) Economics of local(Rs./ ha)

Gross Cost (Rs.) Net Return (Rs.) BCR Gross Cost (Rs.) Net Return (Rs.) BCR

240 160 1.6:1 240 110 1.45:1

Dimapur (2014-

15)

Way Forward

• Large Scale Upscaling

• Linking with Government Programmes

• Conservation Agriculture based farming

systems

• Precision farming for efficient resource use

• Value addition and marketing

Thank You

for your kind attention…….

NRM division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi

Documents

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