Integrated Coastal Zone

Management

Steve Collins

Marine Planning & Coastal Integration Team

Date: 05 November 2014

Overview

To cover

– ICZM History and context

– MSP Directive

– MPS

– How marine planning contributes to ICZM

– NPPF

– Localism Act duty to cooperate

– Pins Soundness checklist

– Coastal Concordat

– European Maritime Fisheries Fund (EMFF)

– ICZM - Next steps

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Integrated Coastal Zone Management

• ICZM is a process, in it’s simplest form its people working together.

• ICZM provides the framework for a range of social, economic and

environmental deliverables.

• Implementing ICZM is a long term process requiring integration horizontally and

vertically at all levels of governance.

• UK approach to implementation - comprehensive and long term.

• Marine planning contributing to the process through a mixture of legislative

measures and processes.

• ICZM contribution through marine planning will be progressive and considered.

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Some history

• 2009 – A Strategy for promoting an integrated approach to the management

of coastal areas in England.

– Set out a vision for the process, and a series of objectives and actions

to achieve the vision.

– Committed to a Strategy Review in 2011 -

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• 2010 – A further Report to Commission on ICZM implementation since 2006.

• 2011 – Commission launched public on-line consultation and studies to inform

development of a legislative proposal for ICZM.

• 2013 – A proposal for a framework directive for MSP and ICZM published

• 2013 - Dec - General Affairs Committee (GAC) agree a general approach of an MSP only

Directive

•

• 1995 – 1998 EU Demonstration Programme on ICZM

• 2002 – EC Recommendation on implementing ICZM

• 2004 – UK ICZM Stocktake

• 2006 -- A consultation seeking views on how we can best promote and implement an

integrated approach to the management of the coastal zone (ICZM) in England

• 2006 – Report to Commission on experiences implementing Recommendation

MSP Directive

• Establishes a framework for maritime spatial planning aiming at

promoting the sustainable growth of maritime economies, the

sustainable development of marine areas and the sustainable use of

marine resources.

• The key requirements are:

– that Member States implement MSPs by April 2021

– cooperate with neighbouring Member States and third countries,

and

– promote information and data sharing.

– take account of land sea interactions

– aim to promote coherence between maritime spatial

planning and the resulting plan or plans and other processes

such as integrated coastal management or equivalent formal

or informal practices

• Directive came into force on 17 Sept

• Transposed within 2 years.

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Marine Policy Statement (MPS)

• MPS provides the policy framework for the preparation of

all UK marine plans and for all decisions capable of

affecting the marine area.

• A public authority must - – take any authorisation or enforcement decision in

accordance with it or state reasons why not

– have regard to it in taking any decision which relates to the

exercise of any function capable of affecting the marine area

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• seeks to embed consideration of the key principles of ICZM within all planning and decision

making functions in coastal and marine areas.

• also contains consideration of specific issues which coastal areas face that are generally the

focus of Integrated Coastal Zone Management:

– consideration of economic regeneration of coastal areas;

– the halting and if possible reversal of ecology and biodiversity loss;

– enhancing the protection for the historical environment;

– strengthening consideration of climate change adaptation,

– coastal change and flooding; and,

– the consideration of the effect of development on coastal landscapes and seascapes.

How marine planning contributes to integrated coastal management –

in practice

• Scale and Plan area boundaries - Key consideration the need to facilitate integration

with planning and management on land, enabling meaningful local engagement and

where possible aligning with existing bio-geographical boundaries to enable holistic

ecosystem scale considerations.

• Participation – East

– MMO organised five series of stakeholder workshops attended by over 300 people.

– 350 one-to-one meetings with a range of interests including marine sectors (such

as ports/shipping, fishing, recreation, aggregates, renewable energy), Local

Authorities (both elected members and officers), MPs, local and national fora, and

regulators.

– Local liaison officers met with local stakeholders, relevant meetings and events.

– 12 public drop-in sessions across the East for over 600 people.

– Informal consultations on plan stages

– Discussion with countries bordering the plan areas (France, Belgium, Netherlands,

Germany).

– Formal consultation on the scoping report for a Sustainability Appraisal guided by

an SA Advisory Group made up of statutory bodies, industry representatives and

environmental non-governmental organisations.

– Cross Government participation and collaboration

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Compatibility with land planning

• East - MMO analysed policies within 25 sets of Local Development Plans, prepared by

local authorities as part of the land planning system. The analysis focused on the key

activities within the Marine Policy Statement so as to provide a keystone for

compatibility.

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have regard to other plans

• the East – MMO considered:

• 2 River Basin Management Plans

• 6 Shoreline Management Plans

• 1 National Park plan;

• 2 Areas of outstanding natural beauty (AONB) plans;

• 3 Estuary Management Plans –

– The Wash Estuary Management Plan

– The Stour and Orwell Estuaries Management Scheme

– The Humber Estuary Management Scheme

• MMO also considered a plethora of individual and unique sectoral plans and

strategies including beach management plans; tourism, transport and

economic strategies.

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National Planning Policy Framework

• Para 105 - ‘In coastal areas, local planning authorities should take account

of the UK Marine Policy Statement and marine plans and apply

Integrated Coastal Zone Management across local authority and land/sea

boundaries, ensuring integration of the terrestrial and marine planning

regimes’

• Para156. Local planning authorities should set out the strategic priorities

for the area in the Local Plan to deliver…..

– the provision of infrastructure for transport, telecommunications, waste

management, water supply, wastewater, flood risk and coastal change

management, and the provision of minerals and energy (including heat);

– climate change mitigation and adaptation, conservation and enhancement of the

natural and historic environment, including landscape.

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• Crucially, Local Plans should:

– be based on co-operation with neighbouring authorities, public, voluntary and private

sector organisations;

• Para 179. Local planning authorities should work collaboratively with other bodies to ensure

that strategic priorities across local boundaries are properly coordinated and clearly reflected

in individual Local Plans. (In marine areas, local planning authorities should collaborate

with the Marine Management Organisation to ensure that policies across the land/sea

boundary are integrated.)”

Duty to co-operate

• Created by s.110 of the Localism Act

• Duty on local planning authorities (LPAs), county councils and public bodies to

engage constructively, actively and on an ongoing basis to maximise the

effectiveness of Local and Marine Plan preparation in the context of strategic

cross boundary matters.

• LPAs -

– should make every effort to secure the necessary cooperation on strategic cross

boundary matters before they submit their Local Plans for examination.

– Local Plan examination will test whether a local planning authority has complied with the

duty to cooperate

– must demonstrate how they have complied with the duty at the independent

examination of their Local Plans. If a local planning authority cannot demonstrate that it

has complied with the duty then the Local Plan will not be able to proceed further in

examination.

• Public bodies include: Environment Agency; English Heritage; Natural England; Office of Rail

Regulation; highway Authorities; the Marine Management Organisation…

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Planning Advisory Service – Soundness Checklist

• Local plan checklist helps LPA work through the soundness and legal

requirements

• The test of soundness assesses whether the Local Plan is consistent with

national policy

• Planning Advisory Service Self-Assessment Checklist to assist LPAs with the

soundness test.

• Planning Inspectorate (PINS) encourages councils to conduct a self-

assessment using this checklist

• Recently updated to include marine planning. Builds those aspects of marine

planning relevant to all local authorities into the main soundness checklist

• A more detailed section sets out in full the interactions between terrestrial

planning and marine planning, including the requirements of the marine policy

statement, and is likely to be of most use to those local planning authorities

whose area physically overlaps with the marine area, all of which are listed for

clarity

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Planning Advisory Service – Soundness Checklist

Soundness Test Key

Requirements

Possible Evidence

Take account of marine

planning (p 105)

Ensure early and close co-operation on relevant economic,

social and environmental policies with the Marine

Management Organisation

Review the aims and objectives of the Marine Policy

Statement, including local potential for marine-related

economic development

Integrate as appropriate marine policy objectives into

emerging policy

Support of integrated coastal management (ICM) in coastal

areas in line with the requirements of the MPS

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Planning Advisory Service – Soundness Checklist

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Key requirements under the Duty to Co-Operate

Policy Expectations Possible Evidence

Consistency between

marine and terrestrial

policy documents and

guidance

• Demonstration of consistency of aim between relevant local plan policies

and marine policy documents (i.e. the MPS and any relevant adopted

marine plans)

• Proof of collaborative working with the MMO and that the MPS has been

taken into account.

Liaison between

respective authorities

responsible for terrestrial

and marine planning,

including in plan

development,

implementation and

review stages

• Early and effective policy development engagement undertaken, including

discussions with the MMO

• Evidence of iteration of policies and plans as a result of engagement with

the MMO

• Evidence of engagement with the MMO in relation to monitoring,

implementation and throughout the policy cycle

• Support of integrated coastal management (ICM) in coastal areas in line

with the requirements of the MPS

Sharing the evidence

base and data where

relevant and appropriate

so as to achieve

consistency in the data

used in plan making and

decisions

• Evidence that the LPA has shared or provided relevant data to the MMO that

can help inform Marine Plans or MPS review

• Demonstration that local plan policy has been underpinned by data provided

by the MMO or the MPS

• Explicit cross-referencing in local plan to MPS, the MMO, their roles, and

relevant marine plans

Coastal Concordat

• An agreement between Defra, DCLG, DfT, the MMO,

Environment Agency, Natural England and the LGA Coastal SiG

• Sets out key principles for coordinating the consenting process

for coastal development to enable sustainable growth in the

coastal zone

• Benefits applicants, regulators and advisors by reducing

regulatory duplication, better sign-posting, streamlining

assessments and increasing transparency and consistency of

advice.

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• The concordat approach can be applied to any applications for individual

projects, if they:

– the intertidal area in estuaries and on the coast and

– require multiple consents including both a marine licence and a planning permission

from the local planning authority

Coastal Concordat

Key Principles

• single point of entry into the regulatory system

• Regulators should agree a single lead authority for coordinating the

requirements of EIA Directive or Habs Regs Assessments

• Where opportunities for dispensing or deferring regulatory

responsibilities are legally possible and appropriate, they should be

taken

• Where possible, at the pre-application stage, competent authorities and

statutory advisors should agree the likely environmental and habitats

assessment evidence requirements of all authorities at all stages of the

consenting process.

• regulators and statutory advisors should each provide coordinated

advice to applicants

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Coastal Concordat

Local Authority adopters – Oct 2014

• Cornwall Council

• Borough Council of Kings Lynn and West Norfolk

• Durham County Council

• Newcastle City Council

• North Norfolk District Council

• Purbeck District Council

• Plymouth City Council

• Portsmouth City Council

• Scarborough District Council

• Southampton City Council

• Suffolk Coastal District Council

• Tendring District Council

• Waveney District Council

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European Maritime Fisheries Fund (EMFF)

• The fund for the EU's maritime and fisheries policies for 2014-2020.

• Launching early 2015.

• UK allocation €243m (£200m).

• The MMO will deliver the England programme and act as the UK

Managing Authority (i.e. making sure all the UK administrations deliver

the funds as agreed in the Operational Programme, and that the UK

programme is administered and monitored effectively as required by the

regulation).

• Fund is used to co-finance projects, along with national funding.

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Scope and objectives

• Designed to help with implementation of the Common Fisheries Policy

and support the fisheries sector more generally

• MS may also use their allocation to support Integrated Maritime Policy,

which cover maritime spatial planning and integrated coastal zone

management processes

• To help fishermen in the transition to sustainable fishing

• To supports coastal communities in diversifying their economies

• For projects that create new jobs and improve quality of life along

European coasts

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ICZM

• Next steps

– Continue to raise awareness on MPS

– Utilise opportunities for further embedding ICZM

into planning and decision making

– Work with EC as it considers it’s next steps

– Refresh Strategy

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• PiNs Marine Planning page at http://www.planningportal.gov.uk/planning/plans/marineplans

• Soundness Test Checklist http://www.pas.gov.uk/web/pas1/local-planning/-

/journal_content/56/332612/15045/ARTICLE#Soundness checklist

• Duty to Cooperate http://planningguidance.planningportal.gov.uk/blog/guidance/duty-to-

cooperate/what-is-the-duty-to-cooperate-and-what-does-it-require/

• National Planning Policy Framework https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/national-planning-

policy-framework--2

• MSP Directive http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-ontent/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32014L0089&from=EN

• Marine Policy Statement

https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/69322/pb3654-marine-

policy-statement-110316.pdf

• EMFF http://ec.europa.eu/fisheries/cfp/emff/index_en.htm

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THANK YOU

Stephen.t.collins@defra.gsi.gov.uk

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