Upload
mdurai
View
221
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
8/4/2019 InTech-Low Power and Low Voltage Analog to Digital Converters for Wearable Eeg Systems
1/26
.QY2QYGTCPF.QY8QNVCIG#PCNQIVQ&KIKVCN%QPXGTVGTUHQTYGCTCDNG'')U[UVGOU
:
.QY2QYGTCPF.QY8QNVCIG#PCNQIVQ&KIKVCN%QPXGTVGTUHQTYGCTCDNG'')U[UVGOU
-0*DUFtD*RQ]iOH](/ySH]0RULOOR)0XxR]+(O*PLOL
DQG5*&DUYDMDO0LFURQDV*PE+*HUPDQ\
(OHFWURQLF(QJLQHHULQJ'HSDUWPHQW8QLYHUVLGDGGH6HYLOOD6SDLQ
+PVTQFWEVKQP
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
SUDFWLFH ORQJWHUP ((* PRQLWRULQJ LV JHQHUDOO\ UHTXLUHG HLWKHU LQSDWLHQW RU DPEXODWRU\7KHFRQYHQWLRQDO((*V\VWHPVOLPLWSDWLHQWPRELOLW\GXHWREXONVL]HEHFDXVHRIWKHEDWWHU\VL]HG UHTXLUHG IRU WKH ORQJ WHUP RSHUDWLRQ RI WKH FRQVWLWXHQW HOHFWURQLFV 7KHUH LV WKXV DVWURQJQHHGIRUGHYHORSPHQWRIOLJKWZHLJKWZHDUDEOHDQGZLUHOHVV((*V\VWHPVRSHUDWLRQWR HQDEOH ORQJWHUP PRQLWRULQJ RI SDWLHQWV LQ WKHLU HYHU\GD\ HQYLURQPHQW
8/4/2019 InTech-Low Power and Low Voltage Analog to Digital Converters for Wearable Eeg Systems
2/26
$KQOGFKECN'PIKPGGTKPI
SRZHUFRQVXPSWLRQDFKLHYLQJWKHKLJKRSHQORRSJDLQUHTXLUHPHQWV7KHLPSOHPHQWDWLRQVLQ&026WHFKQRORJ\RIGDWDFRQYHUWHUVIRU((*V\VWHPVSUHVHQWHGLQWKLVFKDSWHUFRQILUPWKHXVHIXOQHVVRIWKHSURSRVHGWHFKQLTXHVIRUORZYROWDJHDQGORZSRZHUDSSOLFDWLRQV
'')UKIPCNRTQEGUUKPICPFHTQPVGPFFGUETKRVKQP
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
VSDWLDODOLDVLQJWRZDUGVFKDQQHOVDUHQHHGHG,PSOHPHQWDWLRQRIDORZSRZHU((*V\VWHPLVQRWDQHDV\WDVNEHFDXVHRIWKHQDWXUHRIWKHVLJQDOV 7KH UHDVRQ LV WKDW WKH VFDOS HOHFWURGHV GULIW ZLWK WLPH VXSHULPSRVLQJ D ORZIUHTXHQF\VLJQDOLQWKHRUGHURIWHQVRIPLOLYROWV&RRSHUHWDOWRWKHGHVLUHG((*RQH7ZRVWUDWHJLHVFDQEHIROORZHGWRGHDOZLWKWKLVW\SHRIVLJQDOV
'LJLWDOL]HWKH((*VLJQDODQGWKHGULIWVLJQDOWRJHWKHUDQGUHPRYHWKHVHFRQGRQHGLJLWDOO\7KLVVLJQDOSURFHVVLQJUHTXLUHVDYHU\DFFXUDWH$'&ZLWKPRUHWKDQELWVRIUHVROXWLRQZKLFKZRXOGEHYHU\SRZHUFRQVXPLQJ
)LOWHU WKH GULIWVLJQDO RXW LQWKH IURQWHQG 7KLV VHFRQG VWUDWHJ\UHOD[HVWKH $'&UHVROXWLRQ DW H[SHQVH RI WLJKWHQLQJ WKH UHTXLUHPHQWV RI WKH SUHYLRXVLQVWUXPHQWDWLRQDPSOLILHUEHFDXVHLWLVGLIILFXOWWRILOWHUVXFKDORZIUHTXHQF\VLJQDO
RXW ZLWKRXW DIIHFWLQJ WKH GHVLUHG RQH $'&VEHLQJ SUHVHQWHG LQWKLVFKDSWHU DUHWKRXJKW IRU WKLV VLJQDO SURFHVVLQJ VWUDWHJ\ %HFDXVH RI WKH H[WUHPHO\ ORZSRZHUFRQVXPSWLRQRIWKH$'&WKHUHLVPRUHSRZHUEXGJHWDYDLODEOHIRUWKHGHVLJQRIWKHILOWHULQJLQVWUXPHQWDWLRQDPSOLILHU
8/4/2019 InTech-Low Power and Low Voltage Analog to Digital Converters for Wearable Eeg Systems
3/26
.QY2QYGTCPF.QY8QNVCIG#PCNQIVQ&KIKVCN%QPXGTVGTUHQTYGCTCDNG'')U[UVGOU
$'& LQSXW UDQJH 6LPXOWDQHRXVO\ LW SURYLGHV KLJKSDVV ILOWHULQJ WR UHPRYHXQGHVLUHG YHU\ ORZ IUHTXHQF\ VLJQDOV KHQFH UHGXFLQJ WKH HIIHFW RI WKH HOHFWURGHRIIVHWGULIW7KHUHIRUHLWLVSRVVLEOHWKHXVHRIDPRGHUDWHUHVROXWLRQ$'&,QRUGHU
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
8/4/2019 InTech-Low Power and Low Voltage Analog to Digital Converters for Wearable Eeg Systems
4/26
$KQOGFKECN'PIKPGGTKPI
7KH ILUVW $'& LV LPSOHPHQWHG E\ XVLQJ D SLSHOLQHG DUFKLWHFWXUH 7\SLFDOO\ VXFK$'&DUFKLWHFWXUHLVFKRVHQIRULQWHUPHGLDWHVDPSOLQJIUHTXHQFLHVEXWWKLVFKDSWHUVKRZV KRZ LW LV DOVR SRVVLEOH DQG ZRUWKZKLOH WRXVH D SLSHOLQHG DUFKLWHFWXUH WR
GHVLJQDSRZHUHIILFLHQW$'&IRU((*DSSOLFDWLRQV 7KH VHFRQG $'& XVHV D VZLWFKHGFDSDFLWRU 6& VLJPDGHOWD 6' DUFKLWHFWXUH
ZKLFKLVFRPPRQO\XVHGIRUELRPHGLFDODSSOLFDWLRQV*RHVHWDO/HHHWDO 7KH UHGXFHG QXPEHU RI RSHUDWLRQDO DPSOLILHU RI WKLV DUFKLWHFWXUH LV DQDGYDQWDJH IRUORZSRZHUVSHFLILFDWLRQV +RZHYHUWKHLQSXW VLJQDO EDQGZLGWKLV
OLPLWHGGXHWRWKHRYHUVDPSOLQJRSHUDWLRQRI6'$'&V%RWK $'&V KDYH EHHQ GHVLJQHG XVLQJ VWDQGDUG PP &026 026,6 WHFKQRORJ\ ,Q WKLVWHFKQRORJ\ WKH 026 WUDQVLVWRUV KDYH D UHODWLYH KLJK WKUHVKROG YROWDJH 9739 DQG9719ZKLFKPDNHLQFUHDVHWKHGLIILFXOW\RIDFKLHYHVZLWFKOLQHDULW\DQGRSHUDWLRQDODPSOLILHUV RSHQORRS JDLQ UHTXLUHPHQWV XQGHU D YHU\ ORZ YROWDJH VXSSO\ ZLWK FODVVLFDOGHVLJQWHFKQLTXHV7ZRVWUDWHJLHVZHUHDGRSWHGLQRUGHUWRVROYHWKHVHSUREOHPV
7KHXVHRI&026VZLWFKHVEDVHGRQTXDVLIORDWLQJJDWHWUDQVLVWRUV4)* 7KHXVHRIVXEWKUHVKROGELDVHGFODVV$%RSHUDWLRQDODPSOLILHUV
3()VTCPUKUVQTU
$ IXQGDPHQWDO LVVXH LQ 6& FLUFXLWVRSHUDWLQJ ZLWK D YHU\ ORZ YROWDJH VXSSO\ LV WKDW QRWHQRXJK RYHUGULYH YROWDJH FDQ EH SURYLGHG WR WKH JDWHV RI WUDQVLVWRUV DFWLQJ DV VZLWFKHV&UROV 6WH\DHUW ,Q WKLV ZD\ WKH VLJQDO VZLQJ DQG OLQHDULW\ LV OLPLWHG &026VZLWFKHVEDVHGRQTXDVLIORDWLQJJDWHWUDQVLVWRUVDUHDQDOWHUQDWLYHWRWKHZHOONQRZQFORFNERRVWLQJWHFKQLTXHVDQGERRWVWUDSSHGVZLWFKHV5DPtUH]$QJXORHWDO$ 4)* WUDQVLVWRU LV D 026 WUDQVLVWRU ZLWK LWV JDWH WHUPLQDO ZHDNO\ FRQQHFWHG WR D '&
YROWDJHWKURXJKD YHU\ODUJHUHVLVWRU7KLVUHVLVWRULV XVHGWRVHWWKH'& RSHUDWLQJSRLQWRIWKHJDWHWHUPLQDORIWKHLQSXW026WUDQVLVWRU7KHUHVLVWRUFDQEHLPSOHPHQWHGE\PHDQVRID026WUDQVLVWRULQFXWRIIUHJLRQ)LJVKRZVD4)*Q026WUDQVLVWRUZLWKPXOWLSOHLQSXWV$VLPSOHDFDQDO\VLVUHYHDOVWKDWWKHDFYROWDJHDWWKHTXDVLIORDWLQJJDWHLVJLYHQE\
1
M%*%'*'6*6MM
7OHDN
OHDN* 9&9&9&9&
&V5
V59
)LJ4)*Q026WUDQVLVWRU
8/4/2019 InTech-Low Power and Low Voltage Analog to Digital Converters for Wearable Eeg Systems
5/26
.QY2QYGTCPF.QY8QNVCIG#PCNQIVQ&KIKVCN%QPXGTVGTUHQTYGCTCDNG'')U[UVGOU
ZKHUH&7LVWKHWRWDOFDSDFLWDQFH
*'
1
M *%*'*6M7 &&&&&&
7KH IDFWRU OHDNV5 7OHDN&V5 LQ UHSUHVHQWV D KLJKSDVV ILOWHU ,Q WKLV ZD\ ORZ
IUHTXHQFLHV FRPSRQHQWV RI WKH LQSXW DUH ILOWHUHG RXW ZLWK D FXWRII IUHTXHQF\
7OHDN&V5 ZKLFK FDQ EH YHU\ ORZ 7KHUHIRUH HYHQ IRU YHU\ ORZ IUHTXHQFLHV
EHFRPHVDZHLJKWHGDYHUDJLQJRIWKHDFLQSXWYROWDJHVGHWHUPLQHGE\FDSDFLWRUUDWLRVSOXVVRPHSDUDVLWLFWHUPV7KHSXOOXSUHVLVWRU5 OHDNVHWVWKHJDWHWRDGFYROWDJHHTXDOVWRWKHSRVLWLYHUDLOWRZKLFKDQDFYROWDJHJLYHQE\LVVXSHULPSRVHG+HQFHWKHJDWHYROWDJHFDQEHFRPHKLJKHUWKDQ9''$QH[DFWYDOXHRI5OHDNLVQRWUHTXLUHGDQGLWVWHPSHUDWXUHDQGYROWDJHGHSHQGHQFHDUHQRWLPSRUWDQWSURYLGHGWKDW5OHDNYDOXHUHPDLQVODUJHHQRXJKQRW
WRLQIOXHQFHWKHFLUFXLWRSHUDWLRQDWWKHORZHVWIUHTXHQF\UHTXLUHG
4CKNVQTCKN%/15UYKVEJDCUGFQPSWCUKHNQCVKPIICVGVTCPUKUVQTU,QORZYROWDJH6&FLUFXLWVWKHUHDUHVRPHFULWLFDOVZLWFKHVWKDWQHHGUDLOWRUDLOVLJQDOVZLQJRSHUDWLRQ$VWKHVXSSO\YROWDJHLVORZQRWHQRXJKRYHUGULYHLVSURYLGHGWRWKHJDWHVRIWUDQVLVWRUVXVHGDVVZLWFKHVWREHWXUQHGRQRYHUWKHZKROHVLJQDOUDQJH$VLPSOHDQGYHU\SRZHUHIILFLHQWVROXWLRQWRWKLVSUREOHPLVWKHXVHRID4)*WUDQVLVWRUDVORZYROWDJHUDLOWRUDLOVZLWFK
)LJ $ ORZ YROWDJH UDLOWRUDLO 7+ ZLWK D VZLWFK EDVHG RQ WZR FRPSOHPHQWDU\ 4)*WUDQVLVWRUV)LJVKRZVKRZD7+FLUFXLWLVLPSOHPHQWHGXVLQJDORZYROWDJHDQDORJVZLWFKEDVHGRQWZR4)*WUDQVLVWRUV0XxR]HW DO7KHWZRFRPSOHPHQWDU\4)*WUDQVLVWRUV0SDVV1DQG0SDVV3DUHFRQQHFWHGLQVHULHVLQRUGHUWRJHWUDLOWRUDLORSHUDWLRQ7KHJDWHRI0SDVV1LVZHDNO\WLHGWR9''WKURXJKDODUJHQRQOLQHDUUHVLVWRULPSOHPHQWHGE\WUDQVLVWRU 05ODUJH 7KH JDWH LV DOVR FRXSOHG WR WKH FORFN VLJQDO WKURXJK D VPDOO YDOXHGFDSDFLWRU&VRWKDWWKHFORFNVLJQDOLVWUDQVIHUUHGWRWKHTXDVLIORDWLQJJDWH7KHFDSDFLWRUSHUIRUPVDOHYHOVKLIWRIDSSUR[LPDWHO\9''ZKLFKDOORZVVZLWFKLQJXQGHUYHU\ORZYROWDJH
8/4/2019 InTech-Low Power and Low Voltage Analog to Digital Converters for Wearable Eeg Systems
6/26
$KQOGFKECN'PIKPGGTKPI
UHVWULFWLRQV1RWHWKDWWKHVZLWFKLPSOHPHQWHGE\0SDVV1LVQRWUDLOWRUDLOEHFDXVHLWLVQRWSRVVLEOH WR WXUQ RII WKH WUDQVLVWRU IRU LQSXW VLJQDOV QHDU WKH QHJDWLYH UDLO 7KH UDLOWRUDLORSHUDWLRQ LV DFKLHYHG WKDQNV WR 4)* WUDQVLVWRU 0SDVV3 GULYHQ E\ D FRPSOHPHQWDU\ FORFN
VLJQDO
.QYXQNVCIGENCUU#$1RGTCVKQPCN#ORNKHKGT$WORZVXSSO\YROWDJHVWKHVLJQDOG\QDPLFUDQJHLVUHGXFHGDQGPDNHVQRWSRVVLEOHWKHXVHFDVFRGHWUDQVLVWRUVWR JHWKLJKJDLQVWDJHV,Q WKLVFRQWH[WWZRVWDJHFODVV$%RSDPSVDUHWKHQDWXUDOFKRLFHVLQFHWKH\FDQKDYHORZSRZHUFRQVXPSWLRQUDLOWRUDLORXWSXWVZLQJDQGKLJKJDLQ)LJVKRZVWKHDUFKLWHFWXUHRIWKHRSHUDWLRQDODPSOLILHUVXVHGLQERWKLPSOHPHQWHG$'&V5DPtUH]$QJXORHWDO
)LJ,PSOHPHQWDWLRQRIDIXOO\GLIIHUHQWLDO&ODVV$%RXWSXWVWDJHXVLQJ4)*WUDQVLVWRUV
4)* WUDQVLVWRUV DUH XVHG 0DQG0S ZLWK WKH ODUJH YDOXHG UHVLVWRU LPSOHPHQWHG E\ DPLQLPXPVL]HGLRGHFRQQHFWHGS026WUDQVLVWRU0 5ODUJHDQGDVPDOOYDOXHGFDSDFLWRU&EDW8QGHUTXLHVFHQWFRQGLWLRQVDQGJLYHQWKDWQR'&FXUUHQWIORZVWKURXJK0 5ODUJHWKHYROWDJHDWWKHJDWHRI0LVWKHVDPHDVDWWKHJDWHRI0 VRWKDWWKHTXLHVFHQWFXUUHQWLQ0 DQG0LVZHOOFRQWUROOHGDQGKDVWKHVDPHYDOXH,E7UDQVLVWRU0 LVFRPPRQO\VL]HGZLWK:/
GLPHQVLRQVWZLFHDVODUJHDVWKRVHRI00VRWKDWWKHTXLHVFHQWFXUUHQWLQ0KDVDOVRDYDOXH,E'XULQJG\QDPLFRSHUDWLRQZKHQWKHRXWSXWRIWKHRSDPSLVVOHZLQJWKHYROWDJHDWQRGH ;LV VXEMHFW WRD ODUJHFKDQJH *LYHQ WKDWFDSDFLWRU &EDWFDQQRWGLVFKDUJHFKDUJHUDSLGO\ WKURXJK05ODUJH LWDFWVDV D IORDWLQJEDWWHU\DQGWUDQVIHUV WKH YROWDJH YDULDWLRQV DWQRGH ; WR QRGH
8/4/2019 InTech-Low Power and Low Voltage Analog to Digital Converters for Wearable Eeg Systems
7/26
.QY2QYGTCPF.QY8QNVCIG#PCNQIVQ&KIKVCN%QPXGTVGTUHQTYGCTCDNG'')U[UVGOU
$PSOLILHUV KDYH EHHQ GHVLJQHG ZLWK WUDQVLVWRUV ELDVHG LQ ZHDN LQYHUVLRQ LQ RUGHU WRPLQLPL]HWKHSRZHUFRQVXPSWLRQDQGWRDFKLHYHRSHQORRSJDLQUHTXLUHPHQWV%LDVFXUUHQWDQGWUDQVLVWRUVL]HVDUHVHWWRDFFRPSOLVKWKHVHWWOLQJUHTXLUHPHQWV$QDGGLWLRQDODGYDQWDJH
RIWKHXVHGRSHUDWLRQDODPSOLILHULVWKDWLWSUHVHQWVHQKDQFHGSKDVHPDUJLQDQGKLJKHUXQLW\JDLQIUHTXHQF\DVERWKWUDQVLVWRUV0DQG0DUHDFWLYHLQWKHFODVV$%RXWSXWVWDJH
&GUKIPQHCNQYRQYGTNQYXQNVCIGDKV2KRGNKPGF#&%HQTYGCTCDNG'')U[UVGOU
0XOWLVWDJH SLSHOLQHG $'&V DUH RQH RI WKH PRVW SRSXODU DUFKLWHFWXUH IRU KLJKVSHHGDSSOLFDWLRQV 7KH\ FRQVLVW RI VHYHUDO FDVFDGHG VWDJHV FDOOHG PXOWLSO\LQJ GLJLWDOWRDQDORJFRQYHUWHU0'$&ZKLFKFRQWDLQVD VDPSOHDQGKROG6+D ORZUHVROXWLRQ$'&DQGDGLJLWDOWRDQDORJ FRQYHUWHU '$& $ GLJLWDO GHOD\ OLQH LV UHTXLUHG IRU RXWSXWV\QFKURQLVDWLRQWRDVVXUHWKHFRUUHFWRSHUDWLRQ
7KHSXUSRVHRIWKLVVHFWLRQLVWRVKRZKRZLWLVSRVVLEOHWRXVHDFODVVLFDOSRZHUFRQVXPLQJKLJKVSHHG $'& DUFKLWHFWXUH IRU ORZSRZHU ((* DSSOLFDWLRQV E\ PHDQV RI D GHHSXQGHUVWDQGLQJRI SLSHOLQHG$'& DUFKLWHFWXUH DQGGHVLJQWHFKQLTXHV OLNHTXDVLVWDWLFJDWHWUDQVLVWRUV 7KH WDUJHW LV WR XVH WKLV $'& IRU ZHDUDEOH ((* V\VWHPV ZLWK PRUH WKDQ FKDQQHOVDQGSHUIRUPLQJVLPXOWDQHRXVO\WKHDQDORJWRGLJLWDOFRQYHUVLRQRIPRUHWKDQRQHFKDQQHO)LJVKRZVEORFNGLDJUDPRIWKHSUHVHQWHGSLSHOLQHG$'&7KHZKROHV\VWHPXVHVIXOO\GLIIHUHQWLDODUFKLWHFWXUHZLWKRXWDGHGLFDWHGIURQWHQG6+DQGFRQVLVWVRIDFDVFDGHRIIXOO\GLIIHUHQWLDO0'$&VVWDJHVZLWKELWVRIUHVROXWLRQDWN+]RIVDPSOLQJIUHTXHQF\7KHODVWVWDJHLVMXVWDELWUHVROXWLRQIODVK$'&%LWUHGXQGDQF\LVXVHGLQRUGHUWRFRUUHFWRIIVHWHUURUVLQWKHGLJLWDOGRPDLQ(DFK0'$&VWDJHFRPSRVHVRID6+DORZUHVROXWLRQ
DQDORJWRGLJLWDO VXEFRQYHUWHU VXE$'& D GLJLWDOWRDQDORJ VXEFRQYHUWHU VXE'$&DQGDJDLQEORFN
0'$&
E
0'$&
E
0'$&
E
)ODVK
$'&
E
'DWD$OLJQPHQWDQG'LJLWDO&RUUHFWLRQ
E
$'&
,QSXW
[
$'& '$&
E
,QSXW 2XWSXW6+
)LJELW3LSHOLQHG$'&DUFKLWHFWXUH)LJ VKRZVWKHDUFKLWHFWXUHRIWKH0'$&VWDJH,QRUGHUWR DFKLHYHORZSRZHUDQGORZYROWDJHUHVWULFWLRQVWKHLQSXWFRPPRQPRGHRIWKHRSHUDWLRQDODPSOLILHULVGLIIHUHQWWRWKHFRPPRQ PRGH RI WKH LQSXW VLJQDO 7KH 0'$& VWDJH KDV WZR RSHUDWLRQ SKDVHV FDOOHGVDPSOLQJSKDVHDQGDPSOLILFDWLRQSKDVH 'XULQJWKH VDPSOLQJSKDVHWKHLQSXWRIWKH0'$&LV
8/4/2019 InTech-Low Power and Low Voltage Analog to Digital Converters for Wearable Eeg Systems
8/26
$KQOGFKECN'PIKPGGTKPI
VDPSOHG DQG VWRUHG LQ ERWK FDSDFLWRUV &IDQG&V 7KH GLIIHUHQFH EHWZHHQ WKH LQSXW DQGRXWSXWFRPPRQPRGHRIWKHRSHUDWLRQDODPSOLILHUWRJHWKHUZLWKWKHRIIVHWDQGIOLFNHUQRLVHZKLFK ZHUH VWRUHG LQ &P GXULQJ WKH SUHYLRXV DPSOLILFDWLRQ SKDVH LV FRUUHFWHG 'XULQJ WKH
DPSOLILFDWLRQSKDVHWKHVXE$'&SURYLGHVWKHRXWSXWELWVDQGGHFLGHVZKLFKVLJQDOPXVWEHVXSSOLHGE\WKHPXOWLSOH[HU
)LJ0'$&DUFKLWHFWXUHFULWLFDOVZLWFKHVDUHKLJKOLJKWHG7KHFULWLFDOVZLWFKHVWKDWDUHKLJKOLJKWHGLQ )LJ QHHGUDLOWRUDLOVLJQDOVZLQJRSHUDWLRQDQGWKH\ZHUHLPSOHPHQWHGDVLWZDVPHQWLRQHGEHIRUHE\PHDQVRI4)*WUDQVLVWRUVRI)LJ7KHVDPSOHGLQSXWLVDPSOLILHGE\WKHIDFWRU& I&VFDOOHGJDLQRIWKH0'$&E\FRQQHFWLQJWKHWRSSODWHRIWKHFDSDFLWRU& ZLWKWKHRXWSXWRIWKHRSHUDWLRQDODPSOLILHU,QDWUDGLWLRQDOELW0'$&VWDJHERWKFDSDFLWRUKDYHWKHVDPHYDOXHVRWKH0'$&KDVDJDLQRI7KHWUDQVIHUIXQFWLRQRID0'$&VWDJHLVJLYHQE\
9UHI'&
&9LQ
&
&9RXW
V
I
V
I
ZKHUH 9UHI LV WKH UHIHUHQFH YROWDJH RI WKH SLSHOLQHG $'& 9LQ WKH LQSXW YROWDJH RI WKH0'$&VWDJHDQG
dd
!
9UHI9LQLI
9UHI9LQ9HUILI
9UHI9LQLI
'
8/4/2019 InTech-Low Power and Low Voltage Analog to Digital Converters for Wearable Eeg Systems
9/26
.QY2QYGTCPF.QY8QNVCIG#PCNQIVQ&KIKVCN%QPXGTVGTUHQTYGCTCDNG'')U[UVGOU
2QO\ WZRFRPSDUDWRUV DUH UHTXLUHG WR LPSOHPHQWWKH VXE$'& LQ D ELW 0'$& VWDJH7KHRXWSXWELWVRIWKH0'$&VVWDJHVDUHDOLJQHGDQGGLJLWDOO\SURFHVVHGREWDLQLQJWKHILQDOELW RXWSXW GDWD %LW UHGXQGDQF\ LV XVHG LQ RUGHU WR FRUUHFW WKH FRPSDUDWRU RIIVHWV RI
0'$& VWDJHV LQ WKH GLJLWDO GRPDLQ *RUEDWHQNR 'XH WR WKLV UHGXQGDQF\ ORZUHVROXWLRQFRPSDUDWRUVFDQEHXVHGZLWKRIIVHWXSWR %9UHI r EHLQJ%WKHELWUHVROXWLRQ
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
VLPXODWRUWRREWDLQWKHUHTXLUHPHQWVRIWKHEXLOGLQJEORFNRIHDFK0'$&VWDJHRIWKH$'&IRUDUHTXLUHGUHVROXWLRQDQGVDPSOLQJIUHTXHQF\7KHHUURUVFRQFHUQLQJWRWKHYDOXHRIWKHRXWSXWYROWDJHRID0'$&VWDJHFDQEHFODVVLILHGLQWRWKUHHGLIIHUHQWJURXSV
x 6WDWLFHUURUVWKHVHHUURUVLPSO\WKDWWKHRXWSXWYROWDJHYDOXHRIWKH0'$&GLIIHUVWLPHO\ LQGHSHQGHQW IURP WKH LGHDORQH 7KH G\QDPLF RIWKH 0'$&VWDJH LVQRWFRQVLGHUHG
x '\QDPLFHUURUVWKHVHDUHHUURUVZKLFKLPSO\WKDWWKHRXWSXWYROWDJHRIWKH0'$&GRHVQRWDFKLHYHWKHVWDWLFYDOXHLQWLPH,QWKLVJURXSWKHG\QDPLFRIWKH0'$&LVRQO\FRQVLGHUHGDVXQLTXHHUURUVRXUFH
x 1RLVH
5VCVKEGTTQTUKP/%UVCIGU
7KH ILUVW LPSRUWDQW VWDWLF HUURU VRXUFH LQ SLSHOLQHG $'&V LV WKH PLVPDWFK EHWZHHQ WKHFDSDFLWRUV&I&V RIHDFKVWDJH&RQVLGHULQJDPLVPDWFK&EHWZHHQERWKFDSDFLWRUV&I&
&V&I&DQHUURUWHUPHDSSHDUVDWWKHUHVLGXHYROWDJHLQ
H
9UHI'
&
&9LQ
&
&9RXW
I
V
I
V
ZKHUHWKHHUURUWHUPHLV9UHI'9LQ& GH
$QRWKHUVRXUFHRIHUURULWWKHILQLWHJDLQRIWKHRSHUDWLRQDODPSOLILHU$VVXPLQJDQRSHQORRS JDLQ RI $ IRU WKH RSHUDWLRQDO DPSOLILHU RI WKH 0'$& VWDJH WKH HUURU WHUP RI EHFRPHV
PLVPDWFKLGHDO
PLVPDWFK 9RXW$
&H
GHH
8/4/2019 InTech-Low Power and Low Voltage Analog to Digital Converters for Wearable Eeg Systems
10/26
$KQOGFKECN'PIKPGGTKPI
ZKHUH HPLVPDWFK LV WKH HUURU WHUP ZULWWHQ LQ DQG 9RXWLGHDO LV WKH RXWSXW YROWDJH RI WKH0'$&VWDJHDWWKHHQGRIWKHDPSOLILFDWLRQSKDVHZKHQQRHUURUVRXUFHVDUHFRQVLGHUHG7KLV HTXDWLRQ VKRZV WKDW ORZ RSHQORRS JDLQ RI WKH RSHUDWLRQDO DPSOLILHU LQFUHDVHV WKH
HUURUVSURGXFHGE\WKHFDSDFLWRUPLVPDWFK
&[PCOKEGTTQTUKP/%UVCIGU(UURUVRXUFHVUHODWHGWRWKHVSHHGRIWKH0'$&VWDJHDUHFRQVLGHUHGLQWKLVVHFWLRQ7KHILUVWG\QDPLFHUURUVRXUFHZKLFKPXVWEHFRQVLGHUHGLVWKHRQUHVLVWDQFHRIWKHVZLWFKHVZKLFKDUHSDUWRIWKHVZLWFKFDSDFLWRUQHWZRUNRIWKH0'$&'XULQJWKHVDPSOLQJSKDVHWKHRQUHVLVWDQFH RI WKH LQSXW VZLWFKHV WRJHWKHU ZLWK WKH FDSDFLWRUV LQWURGXFHV DQ HUURU LQ WKHVDPSOHG LQSXW YROWDJH &DUQHU 8Q.X 7KH VDPSOHG LQSXW YROWDJH DW WKH HQG RI WKHVDPSOLQJSKDVHLV
&57VH[S9LQ9LQ21VDPSOHG
ZKHUH521DQG&DUHWKHVZLWFKRQUHVLVWDQFHDQGFDSDFLWDQFHZKHUHWKHDQDORJLQSXWVLJQDOLV VDPSOHG DQG 7V WKH FORFN SHULRG ,Q RUGHU WR DFKLHYH JRRG HQRXJK VHWWOLQJ WKH WLPHFRQVWDQW521&LVGHVLJQHGWREHVHYHUDOWLPHVPDOOHUWKDQWKHFORFNSHULRG7KHGUDZEDFNLVWKDWWKHHTXLYDOHQWQRLVHEDQGZLGWKEHFRPHVODUJHUWKDQKDOIRIWKHVDPSOLQJIUHTXHQF\DQGDOLDVLQJRIWKHVDPSOHGQRLVHVSHFWUDWDNHVSODFH7KXVWKHYDOXHRIWKHDOORZHGVZLWFKRQUHVLVWDQFHLVGHILQHGLQWHUPVRIWKHPD[LPXPHUURUDOORZHGLQWKHVDPSOHGYROWDJH
HVWDJH1
VDPSOHGVDPSOHG
9LQ9LQ
OQ1&
7V5
VWDJH21
ZKHUH1VWDJHLVWKHUHTXLUHGUHVROXWLRQRIWKHVWDJHZKHUHWKHVZLWFKLVXVHG2WKHUG\QDPLFHUURUVRXUFHVDUHUHODWHGWRWKHVSHHGRIWKHRSHUDWLRQDODPSOLILHU,QWKLVZD\ WKH VOHZUDWH 65 RI WKH RSHUDWLRQDO DPSOLILHU OLPLWV WKH OLQHDU VHWWOLQJ WLPH DQG DILQLWHXQLW\JDLQIUHTXHQF\*%:PDNHVWKHRSHUDWLRQDODPSOLILHUVORZHU7KHVLQJOHSROHPRGHO RI WKH 0'$& VWDJH VKRZV WKDW WKH RXWSXW YROWDJH DW WKH HQG RIWKH DPSOLILFDWLRQSKDVHLV
9RXW*%:WH[S9RXW9RXW G\QDPLFVWDWLFVHWVWDWLF HES
ZKHUH9RXW
VWDWLFLVWKHRXWSXWYROWDJHZKHQRQO\VWDWLFHUURUVRXUFHVDUHFRQVLGHUHG LV
WKHIHHGEDFNIDFWRURIWKH0'$&DQGWVHWLVWKHOLQHDUVHWWOLQJWLPH
ES
*%:
65
9RXW
7VW
7VW VWDWLF65VHW
$WZRSROHV\VWHPPRGHOIRUWKHFRPSOHWH0'$&GHVFULEHVDPRUHDFFXUDWHO\WKHVHWWOLQJEHKDYLRXU&RQVLGHULQJWKDWWKHV\VWHPKDVDSKDVHPDUJLQPWKHGDPSLQJIDFWRULV
FRVFRV
P
P
))
]
8/4/2019 InTech-Low Power and Low Voltage Analog to Digital Converters for Wearable Eeg Systems
11/26
.QY2QYGTCPF.QY8QNVCIG#PCNQIVQ&KIKVCN%QPXGTVGTUHQTYGCTCDNG'')U[UVGOU
DQGWKHQDWXUDOIUHTXHQF\RIWKHV\VWHPLV
FRV
*%:
P )
ESZ
,Q WKLV ZD\ LI ] WKH 0'$& RXWSXW YROWDJH DW WKH HQG RI WKH DPSOLILFDWLRQ SKDVH LV&KXDQJ
WVLQH
99RXW99RXW VHW
W
65VWDWLF65
VHW IZ]]
| ]Z
S|
VWDWLFVWDWLF
9RXW*%:
659RXW
+RZHYHULI]!WKH0'$&RXWSXWYROWDJHDWWKHHQGRIWKHDPSOLILFDWLRQSKDVHLV
E
D
E
H
D
H
9
E
H
D
H
9RXW9RXW
EWDW
65
EWDW
VWDWLF
VHWVHW
VHWVHW
]]
]]
]
]|
]Z]Z
]Z]Z
ZKHUH965LQDQGLVWKH0'$&RXWSXWYROWDJHDWWKHHQGRIWKHVOHZUDWHWLPH
65 $W*%:65 H*%:
65$9 S
S
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
9RXW9RXW9RXW WRWDOLGHDOG\QDPLFVWDWLFG\QDPLFVWDWLFLGHDO HHHHH
8/4/2019 InTech-Low Power and Low Voltage Analog to Digital Converters for Wearable Eeg Systems
12/26
$KQOGFKECN'PIKPGGTKPI
7KLV WRWDO HUURU ZRUVHQV WKH VLJQDOWRQRLVH UDWLR 615 DQG ZLOO SURGXFH WRWDO KDUPRQLFGLVWRUWLRQ7+'RIWKHSLSHOLQHG$'&7KHWRWDOHUURURID0'$&VWDJHFDQEHUHIHUUHGWRWKHLQSXWRIWKH$'&,QWKLVZD\LIWKHWRWDOHUURURIHDFK0'$&LVUHIHUUHGWRWKH$'&
LQSXWWKHHIIHFWLYHQXPEHURIELWV(12%RIWKHSLSHOLQHG$'&LV
*
9ORJ(12%
1
M
M
LLMWRWDO
)6
H
ZKHUH9)6LVWKH$'&IXOOVFDOH1WKHQXPEHURIVWDJHVRIWKH$'&HWRWDOMWKHWRWDOUHODWLYHHUURURIWKHVWDJHMDQG*LWKHLGHDOJDLQRIWKHVWDJHL
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
1
L
1
M
L
Q*M
9RQ9LQ
L9RQ EHLQJWKHWRWDORXWSXWQRLVHRIWKH0'$&VWDJHL7KHWRWDORXWSXWQRLVHRIDQ0'$&
VWDJHLVWKHVXPRIWKHRXWSXWUHIHUUHGQRLVHSRZHULQVDPSOLQJDQGDPSOLILFDWLRQSKDVH7KHWRWDORXWSXWQRLVHRIDQ0'$&LV
UHI23$23$23$210'$&
6QU%:Q%:Q6Q%:QNW5& N7*9RQ
ZKHUHNLVWKH%ROW]PDQQFRQVWDQW7LVWKHWHPSHUDWXUH& LVWKHVXPRIWKHFDSDFLWDQFHFRQQHFWHGWRWKHDQDORJLQSXWGXULQJWKHVDPSOLQJSKDVH5 21 LVWKHRQUHVLVWDQFHRIWKHVZLWFKHVFRQQHFWHGWRWKHRXWSXWGXULQJWKHDPSOLILFDWLRQSKDVH6Q23$LVWKHRXWSXWQRLVHVSHFWUDOGHQVLW\RIWKHRSHUDWLRQDODPSOLILHU6QULVWKHQRLVHVSHFWUDOGHQVLW\RIWKHUHIHUHQFHYROWDJH JHQHUDWRU %:Q LVWKH HTXLYDOHQW QRLVHEDQGZLGWK RIWKH RSHUDWLRQDODPSOLILHUDQG %:Q LV WKH PLQLPXP EHWZHHQ WKH HTXLYDOHQW QRLVH EDQGZLGWK RI WKH RSHUDWLRQDO
8/4/2019 InTech-Low Power and Low Voltage Analog to Digital Converters for Wearable Eeg Systems
13/26
.QY2QYGTCPF.QY8QNVCIG#PCNQIVQ&KIKVCN%QPXGTVGTUHQTYGCTCDNG'')U[UVGOU
DPSOLILHUDQGWKHHTXLYDOHQWQRLVHEDQGZLGWKRIWKHDPSOLILHUZKLFKJHQHUDWHVWKHUHIHUHQFHYROWDJHV7KH FRPSOHWHHTXLYDOHQWLQSXW QRLVHSRZHU RIWKH ZKROHSLSHOLQH $'& LVWKHVXP RIWKH
HTXLYDOHQWLQSXWQRLVHSRZHURIWKH0'$&VWDJHVSOXVWKHHTXLYDOHQWLQSXWQRLVHSRZHURIWKH6+FLUFXLW$QRWKHULPSRUWDQWQRLVHVRXUFHLQSLSHOLQH$'&LVWKHFORFNMLWWHU7KHFORFN
MLWWHULVRULJLQDWHGE\WKHSKDVHQRLVHRIWKHFORFNJHQHUDWRU7KHQRLVHSRZHUSURGXFHGE\WKHFORFNMLWWHUZKHQDVLQXVRLGDOVLJQDOZLWKKDOIIXOOVFDOHDPSOLWXGHLV
I99Q MLWWHULQ)6
MLWWHU VS
ILQEHLQJWKHLQSXWVLJQDOIUHTXHQF\MLWWHUWKHVDPSOLQJMLWWHUVWDQGDUGGHYLDWLRQRIWKHFORFNVLJQDO
$GJCXKQTCNUKOWNCVKQPTGUWNVU6WDWLVWLFDO EHKDYLRUDO VLPXODWLRQV ZHUH GRQH XVLQJ 0$7/$% E\ PHDQV RI WKH HTXDWLRQVSUHVHQWHGLQWKHSUHYLRXVVHFWLRQWRJHWWKHPLQLPXPUHVWULFWLRQRIWKHEXLOGLQJEORFNVDQGFRQVLGHULQJWKHORZSRZHUFRQVXPSWLRQUHTXLUHPHQW7KHVHEHKDYLRUDOVLPXODWLRQVSURYLGHWKHPD[LPXPFDSDFLWRUPLVPDWFKDQGWKXVWKHPLQLPXPFDSDFLWRUYDOXHVWKHRSHQORRSDQGXQLW\JDLQIUHTXHQF\IRUWKHRSHUDWLRQDODPSOLILHUVDVZHOODVQRLVHUHVWULFWLRQVIRU WKHUHIHUHQFHYROWDJHVJHQHUDWRU7KHVHEDVLFVSHFLILFDWLRQVDUHVXPPDUL]HGLQ7DEOH
6WDJH &DSDFLWRU0LVPDWFK
2SHQ/RRS*DLQG% *%:N+]
7DEOH6WDWLVWLFDOEHKDYLRUDOVLPXODWLRQUHVXOWV
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
8/4/2019 InTech-Low Power and Low Voltage Analog to Digital Converters for Wearable Eeg Systems
14/26
$KQOGFKECN'PIKPGGTKPI
7KH VXE$'& UHTXLUHG LQ HDFK 0'$& VWDJH ZDV LPSOHPHQWHG E\ PHDQV RI WZR 6&FRPSDUDWRUV )LJ 7KH 6& FRPSDUDWRU RSHUDWHV RQ WZR QRQRYHUODSSLQJ FORFN SKDVHV7KXVGXULQJWKHVDPSOLQJSKDVHWKHDQDORJLQSXWYROWDJHLVVDPSOHGLQWKHFDSDFLWRUV&
DQG&ZKLOHWKHODWFKLVUHVHW'XULQJWKHFRPSDULVRQSKDVHWKHFRPSDUDWRUFRPSDUHVWKHVDPSOHGDQDORJLQSXWZLWKWKHSUHYLRXVO\VDPSOHGUHIHUHQFHYROWDJH7KHODWFKSURYLGHVWKHGLJLWDORXWSXWZKHUHDVWKHVZLWFKHGFDSDFLWRUQHWZRUNVDPSOHVWKHUHIHUHQFHYROWDJHLQWKHFDSDFLWRU&IRUWKHIROORZLQJFRPSDULVRQ
)LJ6XE$'&DUFKLWHFWXUH
7KH$'&ZDVGHVLJQHGXVLQJDQ$0,026,6PP&026WHFKQRORJ\ZLWK3026DQG1026 WKUHVKROG YROWDJHV RI DERXW 9739 DQG 9719 UHVSHFWLYHO\ 7DEOH VXPPDUL]HV WKH REWDLQHG SRVWOD\RXW VLPXODWLRQ UHVXOWV RI WKH FRPSOHWH SLSHOLQHG $'&
ZKHQDVLQXVRLGDOLQSXWVLJQDORIDG%)6DQG+]LVDSSOLHG7KHIROORZLQJILJXUHRIPHULW)20ZDVXVHG
QQ I
3)20
ZKHUHQLVWKHQXPEHURIELWV3LVWKHSRZHUFRQVXPSWLRQLQ:DWWVDQG IQLVWKH1\TXLVWIUHTXHQF\LQ+]
8/4/2019 InTech-Low Power and Low Voltage Analog to Digital Converters for Wearable Eeg Systems
15/26
.QY2QYGTCPF.QY8QNVCIG#PCNQIVQ&KIKVCN%QPXGTVGTUHQTYGCTCDNG'')U[UVGOU
6DPSOLQJ5DWH N6V
615LQSXW+]9SS G%
7+'LQSXW+]9SS G%
6,1$'LQSXW+]9SS
G%
(12% ELWV
3RZHU&RQVXPSWLRQ P:)20 S-VWDWH
7DEOH6LPXODWLRQUHVXOWV)LJVKRZVWKHVSHFWUXPRIWKHUHFRQVWUXFWHGDQDORJVLJQDOIURPWKHGLJLWDORXWSXWELWVRIWKHSLSHOLQHG$'&6LPXODWLRQUHVXOWVDUHSURYLGHGZKLFKVKRZVELWVRIUHVROXWLRQZLWK9VXSSO\YROWDJH
DQGRQO\DSRZHUFRQVXPSWLRQRI P:7KHSRZHUHIILFLHQF\LVRIS-VWDWHEHLQJWKH
PRVWHQHUJ\HIILFLHQWFRQYHUWHURIDOOWKHELRPHGLFDO$'&VH[FHSW
8/4/2019 InTech-Low Power and Low Voltage Analog to Digital Converters for Wearable Eeg Systems
16/26
$KQOGFKECN'PIKPGGTKPI
$FODVVLFDOLPSOHPHQWDWLRQRIDVLQJOHELWVHFRQGRUGHU6&6'PRGXODWRULVVKRZQLQ)LJ7KHPRVWLPSRUWDQWEXLOGLQJEORFNLQWKLVDUFKLWHFWXUHLVWKHVXPPLQJLQWHJUDWRU
)LJ6HFRQGRUGHUGLVFUHWHWLPH6'PRGXODWRU7KHUHPDLQLQJEXLOGLQJEORFNVLQWKHDQDORJ\SRUWLRQRIWKHPRGXODWRUDUHFRPSDUDWRUDQGELW'$&7KHFRPSDUDWRUFLUFXLWDFWVDVDELW$'&WKDWPDSVLWVLQSXWLQWRRQHRIWZRGLJLWDORXWSXWFRGHV7KHWZRGLJLWDORXWSXWFRGHVDUHWKHQPDSSHGEDFNLQWRDQDORJOHYHOVE\WKH'$&,IWKHWZRRXWSXWFRGHVRIWKHFRPSDUDWRUDUHGHILQHGDVWKHQWKH'$&QHJOHFWLQJ'$&FDQEHUHSUHVHQWHGVLPSO\E\JDLQEORFN
7KH LGHDO RXWSXW RI WKH VHFRQG RUGHU 6' PRGXODWRU ZKHQ EDD DQG ED ZKLFKJXDUDQWHHWKHORRSVWDELOLW\LVGHVFULEHGE\
](]];]]< ZKHUH(]LVWKHTXDQWL]DWLRQQRLVHLQWKHTXDQWL]HUDQG;]WKHLQSXWVLJQDO&RPSRQHQWPLVPDWFKILQLWHRSHQORRSJDLQRIWKHRSDPSVWKHUPDOQRLVHDQGLQFRPSOHWHVHWWOLQJDUH
WKH PRVW LPSRUWDQW HUURU VRXUFHV LQ 6' PRGXODWRUV ZKLFK GHJUDGH WKH RYHUDOO $'&SHUIRUPDQFH$VLWZDVSUHYLRXVO\PHQWLRQHGWKHPRVWLPSRUWDQWEXLOGLQJEORFNRID 6'PRGXODWRU LV WKH LQWHJUDWRU ,Q WKLV ZD\ WKH HUURU VRXUFHV LQ VXFK EORFN PXVW WR EHFRQVLGHUHG 7KH HTXDWLRQ FRUUHVSRQGV WR WKH IROORZLQJ WUDQVIHU IXQFWLRQ IRU DQ
LQWHJUDWRU
]
]D]+
ZKHUHDLVWKHJDLQSUHFHGLQJWKHLQSXWWRWKHLQWHJUDWRU'HYLDWLRQVLQD IURPLWVQRPLQDOYDOXHLQWKHILUVWLQWHJUDWRUDOWHUWKHQRLVHVKDSLQJIXQFWLRQRIWKHPRGXODWRUFKDQJLQJWKH
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
3
D+
8/4/2019 InTech-Low Power and Low Voltage Analog to Digital Converters for Wearable Eeg Systems
17/26
.QY2QYGTCPF.QY8QNVCIG#PCNQIVQ&KIKVCN%QPXGTVGTUHQTYGCTCDNG'')U[UVGOU
DQGWKHQHZLQWHJUDWRUWUDQVIHUIXQFWLRQ
3]
]D
]+
7KH HIIHFW RI WKH LQWHJUDWRU OHDN LV WKDW OLPLWHG JDLQ DW ORZ IUHTXHQFLHV UHGXFHV WKHDWWHQXDWLRQ RI WKHTXDQWL]DWLRQQRLVH LQWKHEDVHEDQG LQFUHDVLQJ WKHLQEDQGTXDQWL]DWLRQQRLVH
,QDJHQHUDOIRUPWKHLQEDQGHUURUSRZHURID 6'PRGXODWRUFDQEHH[SUHVVHGDV0HGHLURHWDO
VHWQOQRLVH4WRWDO 33333
ZKHUH34LVWKHTXDQWL]DWLRQHUURU3 QRLVHWKHQRLVHFLUFXLWHUURU3QOWKHQRQOLQHDULW\HUURUDQG 3VHW WKH LQFRPSOHWH VHWWOLQJ HUURU 7KH GHVLJQ RI WKH $'& FDQ EH PDGH LQ VXFK WKDWTXDQWL]DWLRQHUURULVWKHGRPLQDQWHUURUVRXUFH
//
%VHWQOQRLVH 0/
9UHI
333
S
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
VHWQOQRLVH4 3333 #
,QRUGHUWRREWDLQDQRSWLPXPGHVLJQWKHIROORZLQJFRQVLGHUDWLRQZHUHWDNHQLQWRDFFRXQW 7KHYDOXHRIWKHVDPSOLQJFDSDFLWRUDWWKHPRGXODWRUIURQWHQGLVVHOHFWHGVRWKDW
WKHHUURUGXHWRTXDQWL]DWLRQQRLVHDQGFLUFXLWQRLVHLVVPDOOHUWKDQWKHPD[LPXPDOORZHGLQEDQGHUURU7KHDPSOLILHUQRLVHWKHVZLWFKHVQRLVHDQGN7&QRLVHDUHWKHPDLQFRQWULEXWRUWRWKHRYHUDOOFLUFXLWQRLVH3QRLVH
7KHHUURUFRQWULEXWLRQGXHWRLQFRPSOHWHVHWWOLQJLVPDGHDQRQOLPLWLQJIDFWRUE\
PHDQVRI D KLJK HQRXJK RSHQORRS JDLQ DQG *%: RIWKH RSDPSV $Q\ZD\WKHVHWWOLQJPXVWQRWEHOLPLWHGE\WKHVOHZUDWHRIWKHRSDPSV,QDGGLWLRQWRRKLJK*%:ZLOOHQGXSVZLWKXQQHFHVVDU\H[WUDSRZHUFRQVXPSWLRQ7KH*%:RIWKHRSHUDWLRQDODPSOLILHUVPXVWRIWHQEHDWOHDVWDQRUGHURIPDJQLWXGHJUHDWHUWKDQWKH VDPSOLQJ IUHTXHQF\ +RZHYHU VLPXODWLRQV VKRZ WKDW WKH *%: RI WKHRSHUDWLRQDO DPSOLILHUV FDQ EH ORZHU *LXVWROLVL 3DOXPER $ JRRGFRPSURPLVHIRUWKH*%:RIWKHRSHUDWLRQDODPSOLILHUVLV%RVHU:RROH\
V I
D*%:
S
t
8/4/2019 InTech-Low Power and Low Voltage Analog to Digital Converters for Wearable Eeg Systems
18/26
$KQOGFKECN'PIKPGGTKPI
&ULWLFDOGHVLJQSDUDPHWHURIWKHTXDQWL]HULPSOHPHQWHGE\PHDQVRIFRPSDUDWRUVPXVW EH FRQVLGHUHG7KH VSHHG RI WKH FRPSDUDWRU PXVW EH KLJK HQRXJK IRU WKHGHVLUHGVDPSOLQJUDWHDQGLQSXWRIIVHWLQSXWUHIHUUHGQRLVHDQGK\VWHUHVLVPXVW
EHORZHQRXJKWRQRWGHJUDGHWKH$'&SHUIRUPDQFH
#&%CTEJKVGEVWTGCPFDWKNFKPIDNQEMU
7KHVHFRQG$'&LPSOHPHQWDWLRQWKDWLVGHVFULEHGLQWKLVFKDSWHUIRU((*SXUSRVHVLVD
ELW6&6'PRGXODWRURSHUDWLQJZLWKDVDPSOLQJIUHTXHQF\RIN+]DQGDIXOOVFDOHUDQJHRI9/RSH]0RULOORHWDO$VLPSOHDQGSRZHUHIILFLHQWDUFKLWHFWXUHIRUKLJK
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
*HQHUDO6SHFLILFDWLRQV2YHUVDPSOLQJUDWLR
6DPSOLQJIUHTXHQF\ N+]
,QWHJUDWRUVFRHIILFLHQWV
DE
D
E
)LUVWLQWHJUDWRUVRSDPS
2XWSXW6ZLQJ 9SS
6OHZUDWH65 9PV8QLW\JDLQIUHTXHQF\ N+]
'&JDLQ G%
&ORFN -LWWHU PVUPV
&DSDFLWRUYDOXHV
&V I)
&FGV I)
&L I)
&V I)
&L I)
7DEOH6SHFLILFDWLRQVIRUEXLOGLQJEORFNV
%HKDYLRUDOVLPXODWLRQVVKRZD'\QDPLF5DQJH'5RIG%ZLWKDQRYHUVDPSOLQJUDWLRRIZKLFKLVHQRXJKWRDFKLHYHWKHELWUHVROXWLRQ,QRUGHUWRJHWDQXQFRQGLWLRQDOO\VWDEOHPRGXODWRUDQGWRPD[LPL]HWKHLQWHJUDWRUVRXWSXWVZLQJWKHFRHIILFLHQWVKDYHEHHQFKRVHQDVDEEDQGD5DELL:RRO\
8/4/2019 InTech-Low Power and Low Voltage Analog to Digital Converters for Wearable Eeg Systems
19/26
.QY2QYGTCPF.QY8QNVCIG#PCNQIVQ&KIKVCN%QPXGTVGTUHQTYGCTCDNG'')U[UVGOU
)LJ ,PSOHPHQWDWLRQ RI WKH VHFRQGRUGHU 6' PRGXODWRU FULWLFDO VZLWFKHV DUHKLJKOLJKWHG)LJ VKRZV WKH 6& LPSOHPHQWDWLRQ RI WKH PRGXODWRU RI )LJ 7KH DUFKLWHFWXUH LVFRPSRVHGRIWZRFRUUHODWHGGRXEOHVDPSOLQJ&'6LQWHJUDWRUVDFRPSDUDWRUDQGDELWGLJLWDOWRDQDORJ FRQYHUWHU 7KLV LPSOHPHQWDWLRQ KDV EHHQ FKRVHQ DWWHQGLQJ WR GLIIHUHQWLPSOHPHQWDWLRQLVVXHV
)OLFNHU QRLVH DV WKH GHVLUHG VLJQDO EDQGZLGWK RI WKH FRQYHUWHU LV ORZ WKH QRLVHIORRULVGRPLQDWHGE\IOLFNHUQRLVH&RUUHODWHG'RXEOH6DPSOLQJKDVEHHQXVHGLQRUGHU WR VKDSH WKH IOLFNHU QRLVH RXWVLGH RI WKH VLJQDO EDQG :LOOLDPV :RROH\
7KHEDVLFRSHUDWLRQRIWKH&'6LQWHJUDWRULVDVIROORZV7KHDPSOLILHUIOLFNHUQRLVHDQGRIIVHWLVVDPSOHGDFURVV&&'6GXULQJWKHILUVWFORFNSKDVHI'XULQJWKHVHFRQGFORFNSKDVHIWKHIOLFNHUQRLVHDQGDQRIIVHWDUHFDQFHOOHGE\WKHYROWDJHVWRUHGLQ&&'6
/RZYROWDJH RSHUDWLRQ WKH XVH RI D YHU\ ORZ VXSSO\ YROWDJH LQWURGXFHV VHYHUDOLVVXHVWKDWFRPSOLFDWHWKHGHVLJQRIWKH6LJPD'HOWDPRGXODWRU7KHILUVWSUREOHPWRVROYH LVWKH GHVLJQ RIDQ RSHUDWLRQDODPSOLILHUZLWKD ODUJHRXWSXW VZLQJ WKDWDFKLHYHVVXIILFLHQWJDLQDQGEDQGZLGWK7KHRWKHUFULWLFDOSUREOHPLVWKHQHHGRIDUDLOWRUDLOVZLWFK7KHVHSUREOHPVDUHVROYHGXVLQJ4)*WHFKQLTXHVGHVFULEHGLQSUHYLRXVVHFWLRQDQG
/RZSRZHU RSHUDWLRQ WKH PDLQ FRQWULEXWRUV WR SRZHU FRQVXPSWLRQ RI D 6'PRGXODWRU DUH WKH RSHUDWLRQDO DPSOLILHUV /RZSRZHU RSHUDWLRQ LV DFKLHYHG E\PHDQVRIXVLQJWKHWZRVWDJHFODVV$%RSDPSEDVHGRQ4)*WUDQVLVWRUDQGELDVHGLQZHDNLQYHUVLRQVKRZQLQVHFWLRQ2WKHUPHDVXUHWRVDYHSRZHUFRQVXPSWLRQLVWR PLQLPL]H FDSDFLWRU VL]HV ZKLFK DUH OLPLWHG HLWKHU N7& QRLVH RU FDSDFLWRUPLVPDWFKVSHFLILFDWLRQV
7KHELWTXDQWL]HUKDVEHHQLPSOHPHQWHGXVLQJWKHDUFKLWHFWXUHLOOXVWUDWHGLQ)LJ7KH
G\QDPLF ODWFK RSHUDWHV DV IROORZV :KHQ WKH FORFN I LV ORZ WKH ODWFK LV UHVHW DQG LWVRXWSXWV DUH ERWK SXOOHG KLJK :KHQI LVKLJKWKH ODWFKHQWHUV LQWKH UHJHQHUDWLRQ SKDVH
8/4/2019 InTech-Low Power and Low Voltage Analog to Digital Converters for Wearable Eeg Systems
20/26
$KQOGFKECN'PIKPGGTKPI
EHFDXVH 0 DQG 0 IRUP D SRVLWLYH IHHGEDFN ORRS 7KH SRZHU FRQVXPSWLRQ RI WKHFRPSDUDWRULVRIRQO\Q:GXULQJQRUPDORSHUDWLRQ&DSDFLWRUV&FRPSSHUIRUPD'&OHYHOVKLIWLQJVRWKDWWKHLQSXWFRPPRQPRGHYROWDJHRIWKHFRPSDUDWRULVRI9 FP&203P9
0RUHRYHUE\PHDQVRI&FRPSWKHLQSXWVLJQDOLVVDPSOHGDWWKHHQGRIFORFNSKDVHI
)LJELWTXDQWL]HU
6ZLWFKHVFRQQHFWHGWR9LQDQG9LQDUHFRQWUROOHGE\DGHOD\HGFORFNSKDVHI'LQRUGHUWRUHPRYHWKHLQSXWGHSHQGHQWRIIVHWYROWDJHGXHWRWKHFORFNIHHGWKURXJK7KHELWGLJLWDOWRDQDORJFRQYHUWHU'$&KDVEHHQLPSOHPHQWHGE\VZLWFKHVFRQWUROOHGE\WKHFRPSDUDWRURXWSXWV)LJ,QRUGHUWRPD[LPL]HWKHG\QDPLFUDQJHWKHIHHGEDFNUHIHUHQFH YROWDJHVDUH HTXDOV WR 9)6ZKHUH 9)6 LVWKH )XOO6FDOH ,QSXW9ROWDJHRI WKH$'&
8/4/2019 InTech-Low Power and Low Voltage Analog to Digital Converters for Wearable Eeg Systems
21/26
.QY2QYGTCPF.QY8QNVCIG#PCNQIVQ&KIKVCN%QPXGTVGTUHQTYGCTCDNG'')U[UVGOU
)LJELW'$&
'ZRGTKOGPVCNTGUWNVU
7KH 6LJPD'HOWD PRGXODWRU KDV EHHQ DOVR LPSOHPHQWHG XVLQJ DQ $0, 026,6 PP&026WHFKQRORJ\7KHDFWLYHDUHDRIWKHPRGXODWRULVRIPP$FKLSPLFURSKRWRJUDSKLV VKRZQ LQ )LJ $ VLQXVRLGDO LQSXW RI +] DQG P9 DPSOLWXGH KDV EHHQ XVHG WRFKDUDFWHUL]HWKHG\QDPLFSHUIRUPDQFH)LJVKRZVWKHRXWSXWVSHFWUXPRIWKHPRGXODWRUZKHUHD61'5RIG%LVGHPRQVWUDWHG8QGHUWKHVHFRQGLWLRQVWKHSRZHUFRQVXPSWLRQLVRQO\RIQ:Q:RIVWDWLFSRZHUFRQVXPSWLRQ
)LJ&KLSPLFURSKRWRJUDSK
8/4/2019 InTech-Low Power and Low Voltage Analog to Digital Converters for Wearable Eeg Systems
22/26
$KQOGFKECN'PIKPGGTKPI
)LJDVKRZVWKH61'5DQG615YHUVXVWKHLQSXWDPSOLWXGHQRUPDOL]HGE\WKHIXOOVFDOHLQSXW YROWDJH 9 DPSOLWXGH ,W FDQ EH VHHQ WKDW WKH G\QDPLF UDQJH LV G% ZKLFKFRUUHVSRQGV WR HIIHFWLYH ELWV )XUWKHUPRUH LQ )LJ E WKH 61'5 LV VKRZQ XVLQJ
LQSXWDPSOLWXGH RIP9 YHUVXV WKH IUHTXHQF\RI WKH LQSXWVLJQDO :HFDQ VHH WKDW WKHPRGXODWRUPDLQWDLQVLWVSHUIRUPDQFHIURP'&WR+]
)LJ2XWSXWVSHFWUXPZLWKDQLQSXWVLJQDORIP9DPSOLWXGHDQG+]
D E)LJD61'5DQG615YHUVXVWKHQRUPDOL]HGLQSXWDPSOLWXGHE61'5DQG615YVLQSXWIUHTXHQF\LQSXWVLJQDORIP9DPSOLWXGH7DEOHVXPPDUL]HVWKHRYHUDOOH[SHULPHQWDOUHVXOWVZDVXVHGWRFDOFXODWHWKH$'&ILJXUHRIPHULW
8/4/2019 InTech-Low Power and Low Voltage Analog to Digital Converters for Wearable Eeg Systems
23/26
.QY2QYGTCPF.QY8QNVCIG#PCNQIVQ&KIKVCN%QPXGTVGTUHQTYGCTCDNG'')U[UVGOU
7HFKQRORJ\ 026,6PP&026
6XSSO\9ROWDJH 9
)XOOVFDOHLQSXWVLJQDO 9DPSOLWXGH
6DPSOLQJUDWH N+]
3RZHUFRQVXPSWLRQ Q:
6LJQDOEDQGZLGWK +]
(12% ELWV
3HDN61'5P9DPSOLWXGHDQG+]
G%
3HDN615P9DPSOLWXGHDQG+]
G%
'5 G%
$FWLYHDUHD PP
)20 S-VWDWH
7DEOH$'&H[SHULPHQWDOUHVXOWV7KH UHSRUWHG ORZSRZHUFRQVXPSWLRQ DQGPHDVXUHG (12% PDNHV WKLV $'&VXLWDEOHIRUZHDUDEOH((*V\VWHPV,QDGGLWLRQWKHORZDUHDUHTXLUHGPDNHVSRVVLEOHWRXVHWKLV$'&LQJHQHUDOSXUSRVHELRPHGLFDOV\VWHPVZHUHPRUHWKDQRQH$'&LQUHTXLUHG
%QPENWUKQPU
7ZR ELW ORZYROWDJH ORZSRZHU $'&V KDVEHHQ GHVLJQHG IRU ZHDUDEOH ((*V\VWHPV,QQRYDWLYHGHVLJQWHFKQLTXHVFLUFXLWDUFKLWHFWXUHVEDVHGRQ4)*WUDQVLVWRUVDUHGHVFULEHGZKLFKDOORZFLUFXLWLPSOHPHQWDWLRQDWYHU\ORZYROWDJHVXSSO\DQGORZSRZHUFRQGLWLRQV
7KHILUVWRQHXVHVSLSHOLQHDUFKLWHFWXUHDOORZLQJKLJKHULQSXWVLJQDOEDQGZLGWKVKRZLQJELWV RI UHVROXWLRQ GXULQJ E\ PHDQV RI SRVWOD\RXW VLPXODWLRQV 7KH VHFRQG RQH XVHV D
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
VZLWFKHV7KHSUHVHQWHG$'&VKDYHEHHQLPSOHPHQWHGXVLQJ026,6PP&026WHFKQRORJ\ZLWKKLJK WUDQVLVWRU WKUHVKROG YROWDJHV 9 IRU S026 WUDQVLVWRU 6LPXODWLRQV DQGH[SHULPHQWDOUHVXOWVVKRZKLJKHQRXJKSHUIRUPDQFHIRU((*VLJQDOSURFHVVLQJZLWKORZYROWDJHVXSSO\DQGORZSRZHUFRQVXPSWLRQ7DEOHVKRZVDFRPSDUDWLYHVWXG\VRPHRIWKHPRVWUHFHQWO\DQGUHOHYDQWSXEOLVKHGVWDWHRIWKHDUWHQHUJ\HIILFLHQW$'&VIRUELRPHGLFDODSSOLFDWLRQV
8/4/2019 InTech-Low Power and Low Voltage Analog to Digital Converters for Wearable Eeg Systems
24/26
$KQOGFKECN'PIKPGGTKPI
5HI (12%ELWV
%:N+]
3RZHU
P:9''9
7HFK&026
)20S-VWDWH
8/4/2019 InTech-Low Power and Low Voltage Analog to Digital Converters for Wearable Eeg Systems
25/26
.QY2QYGTCPF.QY8QNVCIG#PCNQIVQ&KIKVCN%QPXGTVGTUHQTYGCTCDNG'')U[UVGOU
*RHV-3DXOLQR10RQWHLUR59D]%*DUFDR$6/RZ3RZHU/RZ9ROWDJH&026 $' 6LJPD'HOWD 0RGXODWRU IRU %LR3RWHQWLDO 6LJQDO 'ULYHQ E\ D 6LQJOH3KDVH6FKHPH ,(((7UDQVDFWLRQV2Q&LUFXLWVDQG6\VWHPV,5HJXODU3DSHU9RO
1RSS'HFHPEHU,661/HH +
8/4/2019 InTech-Low Power and Low Voltage Analog to Digital Converters for Wearable Eeg Systems
26/26
$KQOGFKECN'PIKPGGTKPI
:LOOLDPV / $ :RROH\ % $ $ 7KLUG2UGHU 6LJPD'HOWD 0RGXODWRU ZLWK([WHQGHG '\QDPLF 5DQJH ,((( -RXUQDO RI 6ROLG6WDWH &LUFXLWV 9RO 1R SS0DUFK,661
*RUEDWHQNR**+LJKSHUIRUPDQFHSDUDOOHOVHULDODQDORJWRGLJLWDOFRQYHUWHUZLWKHUURU FRUUHFWLRQ ,((( 1DWLRQDO &RQYHQWLRQ 5HFRUG 1HZ