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INTD 50A
furniture construction
upholstered furniture
upholstered furniture
underneath the fabric is the: •frame•springs•padding
the combination of all four make the upholstered furniture as comfortable and durable as it is (or isn't)
upholstered furniture
frames•kiln-dried hardwood is a must in ensuring durability•oak, maple and ash most commonly used•good frame is joined using dowels as well as corner blocks•legs should be an integral part of the frame•center legs should be used to add additional support
upholstered furniture
springs•flat/sinuous—
•two dimensional •"S" shaped wires •fastened to the top of the front rail •run from the front to the back of the furniture every few inches apart•less expensive to produce
upholstered furniture
springs•coil/ eight-way hand-tied—
•three dimensional coils •attached to webbing on the bottom of the sofa or chair •tied with twine at the top to each of the eight adjacent coils to prevent them from shifting•even comfort level•never “bottom out”
upholstered furniture
upholstered furniture
springs
the quality and quantity of springs utilized is more an issue than which system is selected
upholstered furniture
padding—affects comfort AND durability
frame needs to be padded prior to fabric application•cuts down on untimely fabric wear•adds a subtle softness•cotton and polydacron are most popular frame padding materials
upholstered furniture
padding—affects comfort AND durability
seat cushions are filled with one of the following:high density polyurethane foam wrapped in dacron •most common•least expensive
density of foam and amount of dacron determine softness
upholstered furniture
spring-down cushions
•innerspring coils •surrounded by foam •wrapped in dacron •whole unit is then inserted into a muslin bag of channeled blendown•springs give the upholstered furniture support •blendown gives a luxurious surface feel
upholstered furniture
blendown cushions •offer the softest seat•combination of down and feathers •sometimes wrapped around a foam core•encased in a muslin bag •does not retain its shape without an occasional fluffing•encasing the filling in a bag will help the cushions keep their proper shape
upholstered furniture
fabric•tightly woven fabrics tend to wear the best•durability is determined by the number of threads per square inch •generally, fabrics that have their pattern woven in will wear better than printed fabrics•seams, welts, and cording should be smooth•patterns should be carefully centered and matched•zippers should be sewn straight
upholstered furniture
•many types of fiber used in the manufacturing of upholstered fabrics •each have unique attributes that must be considered in making a selection based on:
•planned usage of the upholstered furniture•look and feel•wearability•cleanability•sensitivity to direct sunlight
upholstered furniture
natural fibers•prized for their soft "hand“ and versatility•remain popular
•cotton•flax/linen•wool•silk•rayon
upholstered furniture
synthetic fibers•petroleum-based fibers •developed over the last sixty years•alternative to natural fibers •often blended with them in an effort to achieve best properties of each
•polyester•olefin•nylon
particpation activity upholstery awareness
…using the upholstery samples in the workroom, collect a sample for each of the following categories:
•woven pattern•printed pattern•100% natural fiber•100% synthetic fiber•blended fiber
…cut the fabric using the pinking shears provided…mount and label the fabrics using black ink and block letters in the following format:
participation activity upholstery awareness
UPHOLSTERY AWARENESS
WOVEN FABRIC PATTERN
PRINTED FABRIC PATTERN
100% NATURAL FIBER
100% SYNTHETIC FIBER
BLENDED FIBER
case goods
case goods
joints•dovetail•dado•finger•mitered•mortise & tenon•butt•tongue and groove•rabbet
case goods
joints•dovetail•dado•finger•mitered•mortise & tenon•butt•tongue and groove•rabbet
case goods
joints•dovetail•dado•finger•mitered•mortise & tenon•butt•tongue and groove•rabbet
case goods
joints•dovetail•dado•finger•mitered•mortise & tenon•butt•tongue and groove•rabbet
case goods
joints•dovetail•dado•finger•mitered•mortise & tenon•butt•tongue and groove•rabbet
case goods
joints•dovetail•dado•finger•mitered•mortise & tenon•butt•tongue and groove•rabbet
case goods
joints•dovetail•dado•finger•mitered•mortise & tenon•butt•tongue and groove•rabbet
case goods
joints•dovetail•dado•finger•mitered•mortise & tenon•butt•tongue and groove•rabbet
case goods
solid wood furniturehardwoods vs. softwoods
case goods
hardwoods•from deciduous trees (lose their leaves)•more durable•examples: birch, cherry, mahogany, maple, oak, walnut
case goods
soft woods•from conifer trees (cone bearing)•less durable•examples: cedar, pine, redwood, spruce, cypress, fir
case goods
particle board—wood shavings, wood scraps, and sawdust mixed together and pressed under heat
case goods
medium density fiberboard— softwood fibers combined with wax and resin formed into panels applying high temperature and pressure
more dense than normal particle board
case goods
plywood—consists of three to five layers of less expensive wood glued together
case goods
veneer—made by laminating a thin layer of wood over a less expensive wood
case goods
finishes•stain—adds color to wood without covering the natural grain•varnish—final clear finish, resistant to moisture and alcohol
case goods
finishes•varnish—final clear finish, resistant to moisture and alcohol
case goods
finishes•wax—superficial scratches, dings, and dents will happen to the wax layer-not the finish