Insulation Types

8/3/2019 Insulation Types

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INSULATION

Heat Loss


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Building insulation refers broadly to any object in a

building used as insulation forany purpose. While the

majority of insulation in buildings is for thermal purposes,

the term also applies to acoustic insulation, fire insulation,

and impact insulation.

Thermal insulation can refer to materials used toreduce the rate of heat transfer, or the methods and

processes used to reduce heat transfer.

Heat or thermal conduction is the

spontaneous transferof thermal energy through

matter to equalize temperature differences. It is also

described as heat energy transferred from one

material to anotherby direct contact.


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Convection in the most general

terms refers to the movement of

molecules within fluids


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Radiation, as used in physics, is energy in the form of

waves ormoving subatomic particles emitted by an atom

orotherbody as it changes from a higherenergy state toa lowerenergy state.

Ionizing radiation has

enough energy to ionize

atoms ormolecules

while non-ionizing

radiation does not.

Radioactive materialis

a physical material thatemits ionizing radiation.


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The standard comfortable temperature of

insulation required to keep a resting personwarm in a windless room is at 21.1 C.

In addition to environmental conditions, thermal

comfort depends on the clothing and activity level of

a person.

The amount of clothing is measured against a

standard amount that is roughly equivalent to a

typical business suit, shirt, and undergarments.

Activity level is compared to being seated

quietly, such as in a classroom.


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TYPESOFINSULATION


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Spray PolyurethaneFoam (SPF)Insulation

A two component mixture comes togetherat the tip of agun, and forms an expanding foam that is sprayed onto

concrete slabs, into wall cavities of an unfinished wall,

against the interior side of sheathing, or through holes

drilled in sheathing ordrywall into the wall cavity of a

finished wall.

sometimes also calledsometimes also called

FoamedFoamed--InIn--PlacePlace

InsulationInsulation


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Rigid panels/Insulation

Rigid panel insulation is made from fibrous materials(fiberglass, rock and slag wool) or from plastic foam.

They are sometimes sold in sections designed to fit

tightly in standard wall cavities.


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Insulated ConcreteForms

ICFs are hollow, light-

weight "stay in place"

forms made of two

Expanded Polystyrene

(EPS) panels which are

connected by

polypropylene webs.

During construction, the

forms are stacked to thedesired height then filled

with concrete making

stable, durable and

sustainable walls.


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Structural insulated panels

Structural insulated panels (SIPs), also called stressed-skin walls, use the same concept as in foam-core external

doors, but extend the concept to the entire house. They

can be used forceilings, floors, walls, and roofs.

The panels usually

consist of plywood,

OSB, sandwiched

around a core of

expanded polystyrene,polyurethane,

polyisocyanurate,

compressed wheat

straw, orepoxy.


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(OSB) orSterling board (UK), is an engineeredwood product formed by layering strands (flakes)

of wood in specific orientations.

Oriented strand board


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MadeMade from fibrous materials like mineral wool, wood fiber,from fibrous materials like mineral wool, wood fiber,

cotton fiberoranimal hairand manufactured to form a matcotton fiberoranimal hairand manufactured to form a matwith thickness of with thickness of 4 4 ..

Some installed with vinyl cardboard orwire mesh and isSome installed with vinyl cardboard orwire mesh and is

stapled to sides and edges of studs and joists.stapled to sides and edges of studs and joists.

Blanket InsulationBlanket Insulation


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Batt Insulation

Batts are p

recut, whe

reasblankets are available in

continuous rolls.


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Fiberglass

is a material made from extremely

fine fibers of glass. Made from

molten glass, usually with 20% to

30% recycled industrial waste andpost-consumercontent.

Rock and slag wool. Usually

made fr

omr

ock (basalt, diabase)or iron ore blast furnace slag.

Some rock wool contains recycled

glass. Nonflammable.

Components of Batt and Blanket Insulation


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Rock and slag wool


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LooseFill

b. Granular Insulationb. Granular Insulationfrom expandedfrom expanded

minerals like perlite,minerals like perlite,

vermiculite orgroundvermiculite orground

vegetable matter.vegetable matter.

a. Fibrous Typea. Fibrous Type from mineral wool rock, glass wool,from mineral wool rock, glass wool,

slag wool orvegetable fiberusually of wood fiber.slag wool orvegetable fiberusually of wood fiber.

Cellulose is 100% natural and 75Cellulose is 100% natural and 75--85% of it is made85% of it is made

from recycled newsprint.from recycled newsprint.


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ReflectiveReflectiveInsulation

Consists of 2 layers of 99% aluminum foil laminated to theoutsides of 2 sheets of heavy-duty polyethylene air-bubble

cushioning.


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Corrugated Insulation

Made from paper formed into shapes that producedenclosed airpockets into small regular semi circular

corrugations and covering both sides with sheet of flat

paper to give strength and produce the airpockets.


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Reducing the intensityof sound with respect to

a specified source and

receptor.

Sound Insulation (Soundproofing)

Soundproofing affects sound

in two different ways:

noise reduction and noise

absorption.


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FireInsulation (Fireproofing)

Refers to the act ofmaking materials orstructures

more resistant to fire, or to

those materials themselves, or

the act of applying such

materials.

Example ofspray fireproofing, using

a gypsum based plaster in a low-rise

industrial building.

he plaster provides a layer

of insulation to retard heat flow into

structuralsteel elements, that would

otherwise lose theirstrength and

collapse in an accidental fire.

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Insulation Types