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Instructor & Todd Lammle. Sybex CCNA 640-802 Chapter 4: Cisco’s IOS and SDM. Chapter 4 Objectives. The Cisco router IOS Enhanced editing Administrative functions Hostnames Banners Passwords Interface descriptions Verifying your configuration. 2. Cisco Router IOS. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Sybex CCNA 640-802Chapter 4: Cisco’s IOS and SDM
Instructor & Todd Lammle
Chapter 4 Objectives
• The Cisco router IOS• Enhanced editing• Administrative functions
– Hostnames– Banners– Passwords– Interface descriptions
• Verifying your configuration
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Cisco Router IOS
• Carries network protocols and functions
• Connects high-speed traffic between devices
• Adds security to control access
• Provides scalability for growth
• Supplies reliability
Router Access
• Console port (console)– Rollover cable, RJ-45 to DB-9, RJ-
45 to DB-25
• Auxiliary port (AUX)
• Virtual terminal (VTY)
Connecting To A Cisco Router
Cisco 2811
Cisco 1841
Connecting To A Cisco Router
Connecting Via Terminal Programs
• Establish a connection– Physical connection through
console• 9600 bits per second, data bits 8, stop
bits 1, parity “none”, flow control “none”
– Logical connection through VTY
• Terminal programs• HyperTerminal, Microphone Pro,
ProComm Plus, Telix, Tera Term
Bringing up a Router
• Boot-up process:1: POST
2: Looks for the Cisco IOS from Flash memory
3: IOS loads & looks for a valid configuration;
• startup-configstartup-config• stored in nonvolatile RAM (NVRAM)
4: If a valid config is not found in NVRAM:• setup modesetup mode
Bringing up a Router
• Boot-up process:
Setup Mode
• Basic Management Setup
• Extended Setup
• Command-Line Interface
Command-Line Interface (CLI)
• More flexible than setup mode.
• To use the CLI, just say No to entering the initial configuration dialog.
• Initial prompt consists of two parts– Hostname– Greater than symbol (>)
Logging into the Router
• User mode: – Router>– Used mostly to view statistics
• Privileged mode:– Router#– Used to view & change router
configuration
Overview of Router Modes
• Global changes:– config terminal or config t– Changes made to running-config running-config
(DRAM)– To change the startup-configstartup-config (NVRAM)
• config memory or config mem
Note: Any configuration changes need to be placed into RAM. Typing config mem or config net (from a TFTP host) will append the current running-configrunning-config
Configuration Modes
• Global configuration mode– Router(config)#
• Interface mode– Router(config–if)#
• Line configuration mode– Router(config-line)#
• Router configuration mode– Router(config-router)#
Configuration Modes
Configuration
• CLI Prompts
• Interfaces
• Sub-interfaces
• Line Commands
• Routing Protocol Configurations
Editing & Help Features
Editing & Help Features
• Commands starting with a certain letter
Router#c?
clear clock configure connect copy
• Enhanced Editing Commands
• Router-Command History
• Gathering Basic Routing Information– show versionshow version
Enhanced Editing Commands
Enhanced Editing Commands (cont.)
Router Command History
Gathering Basic Routing Information
Administrative Functions
The administrative functions that you can configure on a router and switch are
• Hostnames• Banners• Password• Interface descriptions
Hostnames & Descriptions
• HostnamesRouter(config)#hostname todd
todd(config)#
• DescriptionsAtlanta(config)#int e0
Atlanta(config-if)#description Sales Lan
Banners
• Purpose: welcome message
• Types– exec: set EXEC process creation
banner– incoming: set incoming terminal line
banner– login: login banner– motd: set message of the Day banner
• Delimiting character
Banners
Setting the Passwords
• 5 passwords:– 1st two used to set your enable
password• Used to secure privileged mode;
Router>enable
– Other three are used to configure a password in useruser mode via:
• console port• auxiliary port• Telnet
Passwords
• Enable passwordsRouter(config)#enable password cisco
Router(config)#enable secret cisco
• Auxiliary Password
• Console Password
• Telnet Password
• Encrypting Your PasswordRouter(config)#service password-
encryption
Passwords
Passwords
Passwords
Passwords
Passwords
Interface DescriptionsSetting descriptions on an interface is helpful to the administrator and, like the hostname, only locally significant. The description command is a helpful one because you can, for instance, use it to keep track of circuit numbers.
Here’s an example:Atlanta(config)#int e0
Atlanta(config-if)#description Sales Lan
Atlanta(config-if)#int s0
Atlanta(config-if)#desc Wan to Miami circuit:6fdda4321
You can view the description of an interface either with the show running-config command or the show interface command.
Router Interfaces
• Bringing up an Interfaceno shutdownshutdownshow interface
• Configuring an IP Address on an Interface
Router(config)#int e0Router(config-if)#ip address 172.16.10.2
255.255.255.0Router(config-if)#no shut
• Serial Interface Commandsclock rate & bandwidth (entered in
kilobits)
Configuring The Time And Date
Viewing, & Saving Configurations
• Viewing & Saving Configurations– running-configrunning-config saved in DRAM– startup-configstartup-config saved in
NVRAMcopy run start
sh run
sh start
erase startup-config
Verifying Your Configuration
Tools:– show running-config– show startup-config– ping– show cdp nei detail– trace– telnet
Other Verification Methods
• Verifying with the show interface command– Router#show interface ?
• Verifying with the show ip interface command (layer 3 info)– Router#show ip interface– Router#show ip interface brief– Router#show controllers
Router Components
• ROM
• Flash memory
• NVRAM
• RAM/DRAM
Router Components
• ROM– Read-only memory (ROM)– Bootstrap program– ROM monitor firmware– ROM monitor mode
• (>) or (rommon 1>)
Router Components
• Flash memory– Erasable, programmable, read-
only memory (EPROM)– Contains the Cisco IOS– Can store multiple IOS– “show version” command– “show flash” command
Router Components
• NVRAM– Nonvolatile random access
memory (NVRAM)– Special type of RAM– Not cleared when router is
rebooted– Startup configuration file– “show start” command
Router Components
• Random access memory (RAM)– Volatile– Information is not retain during
router reboot– Running configuration– “show running-config” command– “show memory” command– “show buffers” command
Summary
• Go through all the written labs and review questions
• Review answers in class
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