INSTRUCTIONS TO TEACHERS

BE-5-ME-SKIT-Ph5b1-F02-V2.0

LABORATORY PLAN - CAY 2019-20

17MEL57 Copyright ©2017. cAAS. All rights reserved.

Page # 1 / 26

SRI KRISHNA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, BANGALORE

COURSE PLAN

Academic Year 2019-20

Program: BE – MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Semester : 5

Course Code: 17MEL57

Course Title: FLUID MECHANICS & MACHINERY LAB

Credit / L-T-P: 2 / 1-0-2

Total Contact Hours: 36

Course Plan Author: Naveen Kumar Pattar/Dinesh P

Academic Evaluation and Monitoring Cell

No. 29, Chimney hills, Hesaraghatta Road, Chikkabanavara

BANGALORE-560090, KARNATAKA , INDIA

Phone / Fax :+91-08023721315/23721477, Web: www.skit.org.in

INSTRUCTIONS TO TEACHERS Classroom / Lab activity shall be started after taking attendance.

Ref No:




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Attendance shall only be signed in the classroom by students.

Three hours attendance should be given to each Lab.

Use only Blue or Black Pen to fill the attendance.

Attendance shall be updated on-line & status discussed in DUGC.

No attendance should be added to late comers.

Modification of any attendance, over writings, etc is strictly prohibited.

Updated register is to be brought to every academic review meeting as per the COE.

Table of Contents

17MEL57:Fluid Mechanics and Machinery Lab ......................................... 4




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A. LABORATORY INFORMATION ........................................................................... 4 1. Laboratory Overview ....................................................................................................................... 4

2. Laboratory Content .......................................................................................................................... 4

Expt# .................................................................................................................................................... 4

3. Laboratory Material ......................................................................................................................... 5

4. Laboratory Prerequisites: ................................................................................................................. 5

5. Content for Placement, Profession, HE and GATE ......................................................................... 6

B. Laboratory Instructions ............................................................................................. 6 1. General Instructions ......................................................................................................................... 6

2. Laboratory Specific Instructions ..................................................................................................... 6

C. OBE PARAMETERS ............................................................................................... 7 1. Laboratory Outcomes ...................................................................................................................... 7

2. Laboratory Applications .................................................................................................................. 8

3. Mapping And Justification............................................................................................................... 8

4. Articulation Matrix ........................................................................................................................ 10

5. Curricular Gap and Experiments ................................................................................................... 10

6. Experiments Beyond Syllabus ....................................................................................................... 10

D. COURSE ASSESSMENT ...................................................................................... 11 1. Laboratory Coverage ...................................................................................................................... 11

2. Continuous Internal Assessment (CIA) .......................................................................................... 11

E. EXPERIMENTS ..................................................................................................... 12 Experiment 01 : Calculate co-efficient of friction through pipes ...................................................... 12

Calculate co-efficient of friction through pipes ................................................................................. 12

Experiment 02 : Determination of minor losses in flow through pipes............................................. 13

Determination of minor losses in flow through pipes ....................................................................... 13

Experiment 03 :Application of momentum equation for determination of coefficient of impact

of jets on flat and curved blades ........................................................................................................ 15

Application of momentum equation for determination of coefficient of impact of jets on flat

and curved blades .............................................................................................................................. 15

Experiment 04 : Calibration of flow measuring devices Orifice meter, Nozzle ,Venturi meter ,

V-notch. ............................................................................................................................................. 16

Experiment 05 : Performance on hydraulic Turbines ........................................................................ 18

Experiment 06 : Performance hydraulic Pumps ................................................................................ 21

Performance hydraulic Pumps ........................................................................................................... 21

Experiment 07 : Performance test on a two stage Reciprocating Air compressor ............................ 23

Experiment 8 : Performance test on an Air Blower ........................................................................... 25

F. Content to Experiment Outcomes ........................................................................... 27 1. TLPA Parameters ........................................................................................................................... 27

2. Concepts and Outcomes: ............................................................................................................... 28

Note : Remove “Table of Content” before including in CP Book

Each Laboratory Plan shall be printed and made into a book with cover page

Blooms Level in all sections match with A.2, only if you plan to teach / learn at higher levels

17MEL57:Fluid Mechanics and Machinery Lab




Page # 4 / 26

A. LABORATORY INFORMATION

1. Laboratory Overview

Degree: BE Program: ME

Year / Semester : 3 / 5 Academic Year: 2019-20

Course Title: Fluid mechanics and machinery lab Course Code: 17MEL57

Credit / L-T-P: 2 / 1-0-2 SEE Duration: 180 Minutes

Total Contact Hours: 36 Hrs SEE Marks: 60Marks

CIA Marks: 40 Assignment ---

Lab. Plan Author: Naveen Kumar Pattar/Dinesh P Sign Dt :18/8/2019

Checked By: B M Krishne Gouda Sign Dt :

2. Laboratory Content

Expt

#

Title of the Experiments Lab

Hours

Concept Blooms

Level

1 Lab layout, calibration of instruments and standards to be discussed 3 - -

2 Determination of coefficient of friction of flow in a pipe. 3 Friction factors

by various c/s

pipes

L3

Apply

3 Determination of minor losses in flow through pipes 3 Losses through

pipes

L3

Apply

4 Application of momentum equation for determination of coefficient of

impact of jets on flat and curved blades

3 Impact jet L3

Apply

5 Calibration of flow measuring devices Orifice meter, Nozzle, Venturi

meter , V-notch.

3 Fluid flow L3

Apply

6 Performance on hydraulic Turbines

a. Pelton wheel

b. Francis Turbine

c. Kaplan Turbines

3 Performance

characteristics of

turbine

L3

Apply

7 Performance hydraulic Pumps

a. Single stage and Multi stage centrifugal pumps

b. Reciprocating pump

3 Performance

characteristics of

pumps

L3

Apply

8 Performance test on a two stage Reciprocating Air C

compressor

3 Characteristic

parameter for air

compressor

L3

Apply

9 Performance test on an Air Blower 3 Characteristic

parameter for

air blower

L3

Apply

3. Laboratory Material

Books & other material as recommended by university (A, B) and additional resources used by Laboratory teacher (C).

Expt. Details Expt. in

book

Availability

Text books

2-5 K.L.Kumar.“Engineering Fluid Mechanics” Experiments, Eurasia Publishing

House, 1997

In Library

6-9 Jagdish Lal, Hydraulic Machines, Metropolitan Bo

ok Co, Delhi, 1995

B Reference books

6-9 George E. Totten Victor J. De Negri “Handbook of Hydraulic Fluid Technology,

Second Edition, 2011

In Library




Page # 5 / 26

C Concept Videos or Simulation for Understanding 1 uorepc-nitk.vlabs.ac.in 2 https://www.youtube.com/watch? v=UDF448c6fOw 3 https://www.tutorialspoint.com/videotutorials/index.htm 4 https://skl.sh/practicalengineering3 5 https://www.tutorialspoint.com/videotutorials/index.htm Lecture By: Er. Himansu 6 - https://drive.google.com/open?id=1utMdeMujjiJwBuCD4r0fcflx0XAp4u9E ... 7 https://www.tutorialspoint.com/videotutorials/index.htm ... 8 https://amzn.to/2CWIed8

D Software Tools for Design - -

E Recent Developments for Research - -

F Others (Web, Video, Simulation, Notes etc.) - -

1 https://nptel.ac.in/courses/fluidmechanics.nit/

4. Laboratory Prerequisites:

Refer to GL01. If prerequisites are not taught earlier, GAP in curriculum needs to be addressed. Include in Remarks and

implement in B.5.

Students must have learnt the following Courses / Topics with described Content . . .

Expt. Lab. Code Lab. Name Topic / Description Sem Remarks Blooms

Level

1 17EME15 Elements Of

Mechanical

Engineering

Mechanical Properties of turbines 1 Plan Gap Course L2

2 17MEL57 Fluid mechanics Fluid properties, Fluid flows, variation

in fluid flows, turbulent and laminar

flow.

3 Plan Gap Course L2

5. Content for Placement, Profession, HE and GATE

The content is not included in this course, but required to meet industry & profession requirements and help students for

Placement, GATE, Higher Education, Entrepreneurship, etc. Identifying Area / Content requires experts consultation in

the area.

Topics included are like, a. Advanced Topics, b. Recent Developments, c. Certificate Courses, d. Course Projects, e.

New Software Tools, f. GATE Topics, g. NPTEL Videos, h. Swayam videos etc.

Expt. Topic / Description Area Remarks Blooms

Level

6 Fluid Mechanics and Performance of turbines GATE NPTEL Videos L3

B. Laboratory Instructions

1. General Instructions

SNo Instructions Remarks

1 Observation book and Lab record are compulsory.

2 Students should report to the concerned lab as per the time table.

3 After completion of the program, certification of the concerned staff in-charge in the

observation book is necessary.

4 Student should bring a notebook of 100 pages and should enter the readings

/observations into the notebook while performing the experiment.

http://uorepc-nitk.vlabs.ac.in/exp1/index.html

https://www.youtube.com/redirect?event=video_description&v=YkR79oDAgOg&redir_token=XEwEFkSWYj1m1zi8EnviXRkoWQV8MTU3MjUxNzQ2MkAxNTcyNDMxMDYy&q=https%3A%2F%2Fskl.sh%2Fpracticalengineering3

https://www.youtube.com/redirect?q=https%3A%2F%2Famzn.to%2F2CWIed8&redir_token=o2MrTDizonXbBSpT5FC5_hpazmx8MTU3MjUxODM4MEAxNTcyNDMxOTgw&v=DIedQSFRQEM&event=video_description

https://nptel.ac.in/courses/106105084/






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5 The record of observations along with the detailed experimental procedure of the

experiment in the Immediate last session should be submitted and certified staff

member in-charge.

6 Should attempt all problems / assignments given in the list session wise.

7 It is responsibility to create a separate directory to store all the programs, so that

nobody else can read or copy.

8 When the experiment is completed, should disconnect the setup made by them, and

should return all the components/instruments taken for the purpose.

9 Any damage of the equipment or burn-out components will be viewed seriously either

by putting penalty or by dismissing the total group of students from the lab for the

semester/year

10 Completed lab assignments should be submitted in the form of a Lab Record in which

you have to write the algorithm, program code along with comments and output for

various inputs given

2. Laboratory Specific Instructions

SNo Specific Instructions Remarks

1 Students must attend the lab classes with ID cards and in the prescribed uniform.

2 Students must check if the components, instruments and machinery are

in working condition before setting up the experiment.

3 Power supply to the experimental set up/ equipment/ machine must be

switched on only after the faculty checks and gives approval fording the

experiment. Students must start to the experiment. Students must start

doing the experiments only after getting permissions from the faculty.

4 Students may contact the lab in charge immediately for any unexpected incident sand

emergency

5 The apparatus used for the experiments must be cleaned and returned to the

technicians, safely without any damage

6 Make sure, while leaving the lab after the stipulated time, that all the power

connections are switched off

C. OBE PARAMETERS

1. Laboratory Outcomes

Expt. Lab Code # COs / Experiment Outcome Teach.

Hours

Concept Instr

Method

Assessment

Method

Blooms’

Level

- - At the end of the experiment, the

student should be able to . . .

- - - - -

1 17MEL57.1 Calculate co-efficient of friction through

pipes

3 Friction

factors by

various c/s

pipes

Demonstr

ate

chalk and

Bord

Practical

record and IA

test

L3

Apply

2 17MEL57.2 Calculate different losses in pipes 3 Losses through

pipes

Demonstr

ate

chalk and

Bord

Practical

record and IA

test

L3

Apply

3 17MEL57.3 Calculate impact jet on planes 3 Impact jet Demonstr

ate

chalk and

Bord

Practical

record and IA

test

L3

Apply

4 17MEL57.4 Calculate total discharge through flow

measuring devises

9 Fluid flow Demonstr

ate

chalk and

Bord

Practical

record and IA

test

L3

Apply

5 17MEL57.5 Calculate flow pattern through the

hydraulic turbine

6 Performance

characteristics

of turbine

Demonstr

ate

chalk and

Practical

record and IA

test

L3

Apply




Page # 7 / 26

Bord

6 17MEL57.6 Illustrate flow pattern through the

hydraulic pumps

6 Performance

characteristics

of pumps

Demonstr

ate

chalk and

Bord

Practical

record and IA

test

L3

Apply

7 17MEL57.7 Calculate the characteristic performance

for air-compressor

3 Characteristic

parameter for

air compressor

Demonstr

ate

chalk and

Bord

Practical

record and IA

test

L3

Apply

8 17MEL57.8 Calculate the characteristic performance

for air-blower

3 Characteristic

parameter for

air blower

Demonstr

ate

chalk and

Bord

Practical

record and IA

test

L3

Apply

- Total 36 - - - -

Note: Identify a max of 2 Concepts per unit. Write 1 CO per concept.

2. Laboratory Applications

Expt. Application Area CO Level 1 Design of flow pipes CO1 L3 2 Power generating sector like turbine houses CO2 L3 3 Bernoulli’s Principle application areas CO3 L3 4 Jet fowl, calculations. Impulse turbine blade design CO4 L3 5 Discharge calculations in dams and channels CO5 L3 6 Power producing machines CO6 L3 7 Efficiency of turbines CO7 L3 8 Vehicle Air Blower testing CO8 L3 9 Hair drier CO9 L3

Note: Write 1 or 2 applications per CO.

3. Mapping And Justification

CO – PO Mapping with mapping Level along with justification for each CO-PO pair.

To attain competency required (as defined in POs) in a specified area and the knowledge & ability required to

accomplish it.

Expt. Mapping Mapping

Level

Justification for each CO-PO pair Lev

el

- CO PO - ‘Area’: ‘Competency’ and ‘Knowledge’ for specified ‘Accomplishment’ -

1 CO1 PO1 L2 ‘Engineering Knowledge:’Acquisition of Engineering Knowledge is required to

understand the different performance of flow in friction through pipes to accomplish

solutions to complex engineering problems in Mechanical Engineering.

L3

1 CO1 PO2 L3 ‘Problem Analysis’: Analyzing problems require knowledge of / understanding flow

in a friction to accomplish solutions to complex engineering problems in

Mechanical engineering.

L3

1 CO1 PO9 L2 ‘Individual work’:Coefficient of friction through flow in a pipe function can be find

effectively as an individual.

L3

2 CO2 PO1 L2 Engineering Knowledge:’Acquisition of Engineering Knowledge is required to

understand the different losses in the flow through pipes to accomplish solutions to

complex engineering problems in Mechanical Engineering.

L3

2 CO2 PO2 L3 ‘Problem Analysis’: Analyzing problems require knowledge of / understanding

different major and minor losses in pipes to accomplish solutions to complex

engineering problems in Mechanical engineering.

L3

2 CO2 PO9 L2 ‘Individual work’:Different losses in flow through pipe in a pipe function can be

find effectively as an individual.

L3

3 CO3 PO1 L3 ‘Engineering Knowledge:’Acquisition of Engineering Knowledge is required to L3




Page # 8 / 26

understand the coefficient of jet on plate to accomplish solutions to complex

engineering problems in Mechanical Engineering.

3 CO3 PO2 L3 ‘Problem Analysis’: Analyzing problems require knowledge of understanding

coefficient of discharge in a jet on plate to accomplish solutions to complex


L3

3 CO3 PO9 L2 ‘Individual work’:coefficient of discharge in a jet on plate in a pipe function can be

find effectively as an individual.

L3


understand the coefficient of discharge through flow measuring devices to

accomplish solutions to complex engineering problems in Mechanical Engineering.

L3

4 CO4 PO2 L3,L6,L4 ‘Problem Analysis’: Analyzing problems require knowledge of understanding

coefficient of discharge in an venturi, orifice meters through to accomplish

solutions to complex engineering problems in Mechanical engineering.

L3

4 CO4 PO9 L2 ‘Individual work’:coefficient of discharge in venturi and orifice in a pipe function

can be find effectively as an individual.

L3


understand the flow patterns in the different hydraulic turbines to accomplish


L3


performance characteristics of different hydraulic turbines to accomplish solutions

to complex engineering problems in Mechanical engineering.

L3

5 CO5 PO9 L2 ‘Team work’:Performance characteristics of hydraulic turbine can be find

effectively as a team.

L3


understand the flow patterns in the different hydraulic pumps to accomplish


L3


performance characteristics of different hydraulic pumps to accomplish solutions to

complex engineering problems in Mechanical engineering.

L3

6 CO6 PO9 L2 ‘Team work’:Performance characteristics of hydraulic pumps can be find

effectively as a team.

L3


understand the Performance of an air compressor to accomplish solutions to

complex engineering problems in Mechanical Engineering.

L3


performance characteristics of an air compressor to accomplish solutions to

complex engineering problems in Mechanical engineering.

L3

7 CO7 PO9 - ‘Team work’:Performance characteristics of air compressor can be find effectively

as a team.

L3


understand the Performance of an air blower to accomplish solutions to complex

engineering problems in Mechanical Engineering.

L3


performance characteristics of an air blower to accomplish solutions to complex


L3

8 CO8 PO9 L3 ‘Team work’:Performance characteristics of air blower can be find effectively as a

team.

L3

4. Articulation Matrix

CO – PO Mapping with mapping level for each CO-PO pair, with course average attainment.

- - Experiment Outcomes Program Outcomes -

Expt. CO.# At the end of the experiment PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PS PS PS Lev




Page # 9 / 26

student should be able to . . . 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 O1 O2 O3 el

1 17MEL57.1 Calculate co-efficient of friction

through pipes

2 3 - - - - - - 2 - - - - - - L3

2 17MEL57.2 Calculate different losses in pipes 2 3 - - - - - - 2 - - - - - - L3

3 17MEL57.3 Calculate impact jet on planes 2 2 - - - - - - 2 - - - - - - L3

4 17MEL57.4 Calculate total discharge through

flow measuring devises

2 3 - - - - - - 2 - - - - - - L3

5 17MEL57.5 Calculate flow pattern through the

hydraulic turbine

2 3 - - - - - - 2 - - - - - - L3

6 17MEL57.6 Illustrate flow pattern through the

hydraulic pumps

2 2 - - - - - - 2 - - - - - - L3

7 17MEL57.7 Calculate the characteristic

performance for air-compressor

2 2 - - - - - - 2 - - - - - - L3

8 17MEL57.8 Calculate the characteristic

performance for air-blower

2 2 - - - - - - 2 - - - - - - L3

- 17MEL57 Average attainment (1, 2, or 3) 2 2.5 2 -

- PO, PSO 1.Engineering Knowledge; 2.Problem Analysis; 3.Design / Development of Solutions; 4.Conduct

Investigations of Complex Problems; 5.Modern Tool Usage; 6.The Engineer and Society;

7.Environment and Sustainability; 8.Ethics; 9.Individual and Teamwork; 10.Communication;

11.Project Management and Finance; 12.Life-long Learning; S1.Software Engineering; S2.Data

Base Management; S3.Web Design

5. Curricular Gap and Experiments

Topics & contents not covered (from A.4), but essential for the course to address POs and PSOs.

Expt Gap Topic Actions Planned Schedule Planned Resources Person PO Mapping

1 Flow Measuring Devices

concept

Seminar 15/10/2019 Self PO2

2 Air Blower Working

Principle

NPTEL Videos 4/11/2019 - PO2

Note: Write Gap topics from A.4 and add others also.

6. Experiments Beyond Syllabus

Topics & contents required (from A.5) not addressed, but help students for Placement, GATE, Higher Education,

Entrepreneurship, etc.

Expt Gap Topic Actions Planned Schedule Planned Resources Person PO Mapping

1 Analysis of orifice and

venturi meter

NPTEL Videos 15/10/2019 - PO2

D. COURSE ASSESSMENT

1. Laboratory Coverage

Assessment of learning outcomes for Internal and end semester evaluation. Distinct assignment for each student. 1

Assignment per chapter per student. 1 seminar per test per student.

Unit Title Teachin

g Hours

No. of question in Exam CO Levels

CIA-1 CIA-2 CIA-3 Asg-1 Asg-2 Asg-3 SEE

1 Lab layout, calibration of instruments

and standard

s to be discussed

03 1 - - - - - 1 CO1 L2

2 Determination of coefficient of friction

of flow in

a pipe.

03 1 - - - - - 1 CO2 L3

3 Determination of minor losses in flow

through pipes

03 1 - - - - - 1 CO3 L3

4 Application of momentum equation for

determination of coefficient of impact

of jets on flat and curved blades

03 1 - - - - - 1 CO4 L3




Page # 10 / 26

5 Calibration of flow measuring devices

Orifice meter, Nozzle,

Venturi meter , V-notch.

06 - 2 - - - - 2 CO5 L3

6 Performance on hydraulic Turbines

a. Pelton wheel

b. Francis Turbine

c. Kaplan Turbines

06 - 2 - - - - 2 CO6 L3


a. Single stage and Multi stage

centrifugal pumps


06 - - 2 - - - 2 CO7 L3

8 Performance test on a two stage

Reciprocating Air C

compressor

03 - - 1 - - - 1 CO8 L3

9 Performance test on an Air Blower 03 - - 1 - - - 1 CO9 L3

- Total 36 4 4 4 - - - 12 L3

2. Continuous Internal Assessment (CIA)

Assessment of learning outcomes for Internal exams. Blooms Level in last column shall match with A.2.

Evaluation Weightage in Marks CO Levels

CIA Exam – 1 40 CO1, CO2, CO3, CO4 L3

CIA Exam – 2 40 CO5, CO6 L3

CIA Exam – 3 40 CO7, CO8,CO9 L3

- - -

Other Activities – define –

Slip test

- - -

Final CIA Marks 40 C01-CO9 L3

-

SNo Description Marks

1 Observation and Weekly Laboratory Activities 10 Marks

2 Record Writing / Viva 15 Marks for each Expt

3 Internal Exam Assessment 15 Marks

4 Internal Assessment 40 Marks

5 SEE 60 Marks

- Total 100 Marks

E. EXPERIMENTS

Experiment 01 : Calculate co-efficient of friction through pipes

- Experiment No.: 1 Marks 15 Date

Planned

Date

Conducted

1 Title Calculate co-efficient of friction through pipes

2 Course Outcomes Calculate co-efficient of friction through pipes

3 Aim Determine coefficient of friction for pipes and head loss in pipe friction

4 Material / Equipment

Required

Pipe friction apparatus , stop watch

5 Theory, Formula,

Principle, Concept

To find co-efficient of friction,f=hf*2gd/alv2 , Friction factors by various c/s pipes

6 Procedure, Program, step 1: Before starting flow through pipes the initial manometer reading is taken.




Page # 11 / 26

Activity, Algorithm,

Pseudo Code

step 2: Then the fluid is allowed to flow through pipes.

step 3: Then the manometer reading on the pipe is taken down.

Step 4: Take the time required for 100 mm rise in water level in measuring tank

step 5:Take at least 3 readings.

step 6: Above procedure is repeated for different discharges

7 Block, Circuit, Model

Diagram, Reaction

Equation, Expected

Graph

- v=Q/a,hf=4lv

2/2gd, f=hf2gd/4lv

2

8 Observation Table,

Look-up Table, Output Diameter Of pipe

in mm

Trial No

Manometer

reading in cm

Frictional

head loss hf =

(H1 ±

H2) * 12.6 100

in m

Time required

for 100 mm rise

in water

level (t) in sec

Discharge of

Head Q = (A x

h) t

in

m3/sec

Velocity of

Water fow

V= Q a

in m3/sec

Coefficient of friction f = hf * 2gd

LV 2

H1 H2

For

22 mm

1

2

3

For

17 mm

1

2 3

9 Sample Calculations -Frictional Head Loss (hf) = ( (h1+ h2 ) / 100) x 12.6

-Velocity V= Q/a in m/sec

- f x L x V2

hf = --------------------

2gd

- hf x 2gd

f = -------------------

L x V2

10 Graphs, Outputs

-

Y

X

VELOCITY (m/sec)

HE

AD

LO

SS

(m)

®

IDEAL GRAPH OF FRICTION IN PIPES (FOR DIA 17 mm)

11 Results & Analysis a) Head loss due to pipe friction for ø 22 mm pipe is hf =

………m

b) Coefficient of friction for diameter 22 mm pipe is = ----------- 12 Application Areas Calculate pressure drop velocities and Reynolds Number applications

13 Remarks

14 Faculty Signature with

Date




Page # 12 / 26

Experiment 02 : Determination of minor losses in flow through pipes


Planned

Date

Conducted

1 Title Determination of minor losses in flow through pipes

2 Course Outcomes Calculate different losses in pipes

3 Aim To determine different losses due to pipe fitting


Required

Set of pipe fitting apparatus, stop watch

5 Theory, Formula,

Principle, Concept

Losses through pipes, Hx=(h1+h2/1000)*12.6, hem=(v1-v2)2/2g

h6 Procedure, Program,


Pseudo Code

step 1: Before starting flow through pipes the initial manometer reading is taken.

step 2: Then the fluid is allowed to flow through pipes.

step 3: Then the manometer reading on the pipe is taken down.

step 4:Take the time required for 100 mm rise in water level in measuring tank

step 5:Take at least 3 readings.

step 6: Above procedure is repeated for different discharges


Diagram, Reaction

Equation, Expected

Graph

Head loss (Elbow)

0.25 v2

he = ------------

2g

Head loss ( Contraction)

0.5 v2

hc = ------------

2g

Head loss ( Enlargement)

(v1-v2)2

hen = ------------

2g 8 Observation Table,

Look-up Table,

Output

Type of

fitting

Trail

Nos

Manomete

r reading

in cm

Differentia

l

Head of Manomete

r

Time

required

for 100 mm rise of

water level

Discharge

Q =A x h t

in m3/sec

Area of

correspond

ing Pipe ‘a’

in m2

Velocity of

Flow

V in m/sec

Frictional

head loss

hf in m




Page # 13 / 26

H=(h1±h2)*

12.6 100

in m

(t) in sec

h1 h2

BEND

1

2

3

ELBOW

1

2 3

CONTRACTION

1

2 3

ENLARG

EMENT

1 2

3

a1 a2

9 Sample Calculations 1) Heat lost due to Friction in m of water

H = ( H1+H2 /100) x12.6 2) Velocity V = Q/a in m/s

10 Graphs, Outputs

11 Results & Analysis 1. Head loss due to friction in bend hb = -----------------

2. Head loss due to friction in elbow he = -----------------

3. Head loss due to friction in sudden contraction hc = -----------------

4. Head loss due to friction in sudden enlargement he = -----------------

12 Application Areas Design of flow pipes

13 Remarks

14 Faculty Signature

with Date

Experiment 03 :Application of momentum equation for determination of coefficient of impact of jets on flat and

curved blades


Planned

Date

Conducted

1 Title Application of momentum equation for determination of coefficient of impact of jets

on flat and curved blades

2 Course Outcomes Calculate impact jet on planes

3 Aim Determination of force developed by impact of jet on vanes 4 Material / Equipment

Required Impact of jet apparatus , Standard dead weights, Stop watch

Theory, Formula,

Principle, Concept Coefficient impact of jet K = F act

F the 6 Procedure, Program,


Pseudo Code

Step 1: First balance the lever mechanism to zero.

Step 2: Again balance the lever mechanism by loading weights on the other side

lever mechanism.

Step 3: Take the time required for 100mm raise in water level of measuring tank

Step 4: Above procedure is repeated for different discharges.

Step 5: Thus calculate the impact forces.

step 6: Above procedure is same for inclined plate.




Page # 14 / 26


Diagram, Reaction

Equation, Expected

Graph

W * X W = loaded weight in N

F act = -------------- N X = 480mm = 0.48m

Y Y = 185mm = 0.185m


Look-up Table,

Output

Sl No

Weights Time

require

d for

100m

m rise

of

water

level (

t) in

sec

Discharge

of jet Q

in m3/sec

Velocity

V in m/s

Theoretica

l force Fthe

in N

Actual

force Fact in N

Coeffi

cient

impact

of jet

In

Grams

In

Newto

n

1

2

9 Sample Calculations δw * a * v2

F the = ------------------- * sin2ө (in the direction of flow)

g

δw * a * v2

F the = ------------------- * sin2ө (in the direction normal to flow).

10 Graphs, Outputs

o ® VELOCITY (m/sec)

DISC

HARG

E (Q

) IN

(m3/

sec)

IDEAL GRAPH OF IMPACT OF JET

11 Results & Analysis The coefficient of impact of a jet striking a flat plate is = ------------------- 12 Application Areas Power generating sector like turbine houses

13 Remarks


with Date

Experiment 04 : Calibration of flow measuring devices Orifice meter, Nozzle ,Venturi meter , V-notch.


Planned

Date

Conducted




Page # 15 / 26

1 Title Calibration of flow measuring devices Orifice meter, Nozzle,

Venturi meter , V-notch.

2 Course Outcomes Calculate total discharge through flow measuring devises

3 Aim To measure the discharge through venturi meter & orifice meter.


Required Set up of venturi meter & orifice meter, stop watch.

5 Theory,Formula,

Principle, Concept

Q act

Cd = -------------

Q the

6 Procedure, Program,


Pseudo Code

Step 1: First open the by pass, pipe valves completely and close all the manometer tapings

Step 2: Start the motor.

Step 3: First take the discharge through venturi meter and take the following readings a)

manometer reading) time required for 100mm rise in water level.

Step 4: For taking discharge through venturi meter –a) close the orifice valve and open the

venturi meter valve completely .b) open the manometer, tapping of venturi meter c) control

the flow with help of by pass valve provided.

Step 5: Repeat the above procedure for different discharges

step 6: Take at least 3 or 4 readings.


Diagram, Reaction

Equation, Expected

Graph

1 Theoretical discharge :-

a1* a2

Qthe = ----------------- x √(2gH ) = C √H in m3 / sec

√(a12

– a2 8 Observation Table,

Look-up Table,

Output

Sl

No

Manometer Reading

in cm

Head of

water

through

venturimet

er /

Time taken

for 100 mm

rise of

water level

(t)

Theoretical

Discharge

Qthe

in m3/sec

Actual

Discharge

Qact

in m3/sec

Coefficient

Of

discharge

Cd h1 h2




Page # 16 / 26

orifice

meter

H= h1+h2 x

12.6 100

in m

in sec

1

9 Sample Calculations

10 Graphs, Outputs

®ACTUAL DISCHARGE (m3/sec)

®H

EA

D (

H)

in m

0

IDEAL GRAPH OF VENTURIMETER

®H

EA

D (

H)

in m

0 COEFFICIENT DISCHARGE (Cd)

11 Results & Analysis The given venturi meter has been calibrated & the average coefficient

of discharge is found to be Cd (avg) = ………..

12 Application Areas Bernoulli’s Principle application areas

13 Remarks


with Date

Experiment 05 : Performance on hydraulic Turbines

a. Pelton wheel

b. Francis Turbine

c. Kaplan Turbines


Planned

Date

Conducted

1 Title Performance on hydraulic Turbines

2 Course Outcomes

Calculate flow pattern

through the hydraulic

turbine

Calculate flow pattern through the hydraulic turbine

3 Aim Performance testing of pelton wheel turbine

Performance testing of Francis turbine 4 Material / Equipment

Required Experimental setup for Pelton wheel turbine ,Standard weights, Tachometer.

5 Theory, Formula,

Principle, Concept

Out put power

η = ----------------------- x 100

Input power

2 .π .N. T * 9.81

O/P = -------------------------- KW

60 * 1000




Page # 17 / 26



Pseudo Code

Step 1: Keep the gate valve in the pipe line open and start the motor.

Step 2: Gradually close the gate valve & apply certain load.

Step 3: Gradually close the gate valve & bring the speed of runner to rotated valve.

Step 4: Note the following readings

a) pressure gauges reading.

b) spring balance reading.

c) speed of the runner.

Step 5: Take at least 6-7 readings, keeping speed of the turbine constant.

step 6: Tabulate the readings neatly.


Diagram, Reaction

Equation, Expected

Graph

H = Px10

Cd * a1 * a2

Q = ----------------------- x √ (2gh).

√ (a12

-a22)

δw * g * Q * H

IP = -----------------------

1000 8 Observation Table,

Look-up Table,

Output

Sl No Load

added

(W)

Pressure

gauge

reading of

Head of

orificemet

er

Inlet

pressure

Of

Head of

turbine




Page # 18 / 26

orificemet

er

turbine

W in

kgs

W

in N

(w x

9.81)

P1

(kg/c

m2)

P2

(kg/c

m2)

h =(p1~ p2

)10

m of water

P

(kg/cm2)

H=(Px10)

in m

9 Sample Calculations 10 Graphs, Outputs

®

E

FF

ICIE

NC

Y (

) IN

(

)

h%

O DISCHARGE ' Q' (M3/SEC)

OU

T P

UT

IN

(K

W)

®

O OUT PUT IN (KW)

IDEAL GRAPH OF PELTON W HEEL

[ FOR CONSTANT HEAD ]

® ACTUAL DISCHARGE (m3/sec)

INP

UT

IN

(K

W)

0 ®

0 OUTPUT (KW)

EF

FIC

IEN

CY

(h

)%

IN(

)

IDEAL GRAPH OF FRANCIS TURBINE

[ FOR CONSTANT SPEED ]

11 Results & Analysis The experiment to study the characteristics of the pelton wheel has been

conducted successfully and the average efficiencies

1. At constant head η avg = …………in (%)

2. At constant speed η avg = …………in (%)

12 Application Areas Power plants

13 Remarks

14s Faculty Signature

with Date




Page # 19 / 26

Experiment 06 : Performance hydraulic Pumps




Planned

Date

Conducted

1 Title Performance hydraulic Pumps

2 Course Outcomes illustrate flow pattern through the hydraulic pumps

3 Aim *To determine the performance of single stage centrifugal pump.

* 4 Material / Equipment

Required Single stage centrifugal pump setup, stop watch , Tacho meter.

5 Theory, Formula,

Principle, Concept 4) Efficiency (η)

Out put power

η = --------------------- x 100 in (%)

Input power



Pseudo Code

Step 1: Prime the pump with water.

Step 2:Start the motor

Step 3: Note down the following readings.

a) Vacuum gauge reading.

b) Pressure gauge reading.

c) Time required for 10 flash of energy meter.

d) Time required for 100 mm of water level in measuring tank

Step 4: Vary the position of gate valve in delivery pipe.

Step 5: Repeat the above procedure for different discharges.


Look-up Table,

Output

Sl

No

Suction

head

(Hs)

Delivery

head

(Hd)

Tota

l

head H=(

Hs+

Hd)+

Z In m

Tim

e

requ

ired

for

10

flash

es

(T)

in

sec

Tim

e

requ

ired

for1

00m

m

rise

of

wate

r

level

in

mea

suri

ng

tank

(t) in

sec

Disc

harg

e

(Q)

in

m3/s

ec

Inpu

t

pow

er

(IP)

in KW

Out

put

pow

er

(

OP)

in KW

Effic

ienc

y

η in

(%) mm

of

Hg

m of

H2O

Kg/c

m2

m of

H2

O




Page # 20 / 26

1


Diagram, Reaction

Equation, Expected

Graph


10 Graphs, Outputs

® HEAD (m)0x

y

INP

UT

(K

W)

DEAL GRAPH OF CENTRIFUGAL PUMPI




Page # 21 / 26

TOTAL HEAD®0 (m)®

X

Y

IDEAL GRAPH OF RECIPROCATING PUMP

TOTAL HEAD®0 (m)X

Y

Qa

ct

IN (

m3

/se

c)

EF

FIC

IEN

CY

(

)

IN (

)h

%®

11 Results & Analysis The overall performance of centrifugal pump η(avg) = ……… (%)

The overall performance of reciprocating pump η avg = ……… (%) 12 Application Areas Power plants

13 Remarks


with Date

Experiment 07 : Performance test on a two stage Reciprocating Air compressor


Planned

Date

Conducted

1 Title Performance test on a two stage Reciprocating Air C

compressor

2 Course Outcomes Calculate the characteristic performance for air-compressor

3 Aim To determine the performance test of single stage Reciprocating pump 4 Material / Equipment

Required Experimental setup for two stage air compressor, Stop watch.

5 Theory, Formula,

Principle, Concept

Volumetric efficiency ηv = Qact x 100 in (%)

Qthe 6 Procedure, Program,


Pseudo Code

Step 1: Check connection and ensure direction of rotation of compressor.

9) Tabulate all the readings and calculate Isothermal efficiency.

Step 2: Close shutoff valve.

Step 3: Fill manometer with water.

Step 4:Start the motor and observe pressure on the pressure gauge.

Step 5:Once reaches 1kg/Sq. cm, adjust the valve opening for the same pressure.

Step 6 Note down the reading of manometer.

Step 7 Note down the time require for “n” flash of the energy meter. Step 8 Repeat the experiment for 2kg/Sq. cm, 3kg/ Sq.cm etc., Pressure.




Page # 22 / 26


Diagram, Reaction

Equation, Expected

Graph


Look-up Table,

Output

Sl

No.

Manom

eter

head of

water

Hw =

H1~H2 1000

in m

Manom

eter

head of

air

Ha =

Hw x ρw ρa

in m

Air

mass

flow

rate at

NTP

(V1) in

m3/min

Isother

mal

Horse

power

Iso Hp

in KW

Input

horse

power

IHP

in KW

Isother

mal

efficien

cy

ηISO in (%)

Theoret

ical

volume

swept

by

compre

ssor

Qthe

in

m3/sec

Actual

volume

swept

by

compre

ssor

Qact

in

m3/sec

Free air

delivere

d

by the

compre

ssor

FAD in

m3/s

Volume

tric

Efficien

cy

ηvol = Qact Qthe

in (%)


10 Graphs, Outputs

TOTAL HEAD®0 (m)

®

X

Y

IDEAL GRAPH OF RECIPROCATING PUMP

TOTAL HEAD®0 (m)X

Y

Qa

ct

IN (

m3

/se

c)

EF

FIC

IEN

CY

(

)

IN (

)h

%®

11 Results & Analysis The overall performance of reciprocating pump η avg = ……… (%) 12 Application Areas Vehicle Air Blower testing

13 Remarks


with Date

Experiment 8 : Performance test on an Air Blower


Planned

Date

Conducted

1 Title Performance test on an Air Blower




Page # 23 / 26

2 Course Outcomes Calculate the characteristic performance for air-blower To study the performance test of a

centrifugal air blower of different inlet positions

3 Aim To study the performance test of a centrifugal air blower of different inlet

positions


Require Air blower test rig, stop watch.

5 Theory, Formula,

Principle, Concept

Power

η = O/P Power X 100 in (%)

I/P Power



Pseudo Code

Step 1: Connected the input power for console to 3hp AC supply with neutral and earth

step 2: Keep all the switches/controls off/zero

step 3: Switch on the mains and observe the light indications are ON beneath the console

Step 4:Switch on the console mains ON

Step 5:Switch on the instrumentation

step 6:Keep the inlet valve open fully

step 7:Switch on the starter so that the motor speed builds up to the constant rpm

step 8: Null balance the torque arm using hand wheel

step 9:take down the readings namely, blower speed ,flow, head, energy meter reading,

casing pressure distribution as per the table of readings

step 10:Repeat the experiment for different types of impeller and for different gate opening

step 11:After the readings are taken, switch off motor and electrical mains.


Diagram, Reaction

Equation, Expected

Graph

Input = n x 3600 x ηmotor in KW

N x T


Look-up Table,

Output

Sl NO Manometer

Reading

Outlet pitot

tube

Reading

Orifice meter

Reading

Temperature

(t) in oC Time taken for

5 revs of energy

Meter

( T ) in sec

h1 cm

h2 cm

H1 m

h1 cm

h2 cm

H2 m

h1 cm

h2 cm

hw

m

Inlet

or

room

temp

Outlet

temp




Page # 24 / 26

9 Sample Calculations η = O/P Power X 100 in (%)

I/P Power

10 Graphs, Outputs

® INPUT POWER IN (KW)

AIR

PR

ES

SU

RE

IN

(kg

/cm

2)

o

IDEAL GRAPH OF AIR BLOWER

[ HALF GATE OPENING ]

11 Results & Analysis The performance test of air blower has been conducted successfully

& its efficiency is found to be ηb = ……….. (%)

12 Application Areas Hair drier

13 Remarks


with Date

F. Content to Experiment Outcomes

1. TLPA Parameters

Table 1: TLPA – Example Course

Expt-

#

Course Content or Syllabus

(Split module content into 2 parts which have

similar concepts)

Content

Teaching

Hours

Blooms’

Learning

Levels for

Content

Final

Bloo

ms’

Level

Identified

Action

Verbs for

Learning

Instructio

n

Methods

for

Learning

Assessment

Methods to

Measure

Learning

A B C D E F G H

1 Lab layout, calibration of instruments and

standards to be discussed

3 L2

(Understa

nd)

L2

(Unde

rstand

)

Conductio

n

Demonstr

ate

Viva &

presentation

2 Determination of coefficient of friction of flow in

a pipe.

3 L3

(Apply)

L3

(Appl

y)

Conductio

n

Demonstr

ate

Viva &

presentation

3 Determination of minor losses in flow through

pipes

3 L3

(Apply)

L3

(Appl

y)

Conductio

n

Demonstr

ate

Viva &

presentation

4 Application of momentum equation for

determination of coefficient of impact of jets on

flat and curved blades

3 L3

(Apply)

L3

(Appl

y)

Conductio

n

Demonstr

ate

Viva &

presentation

5 Calibration of flow measuring devices Orifice

meter, Nozzle, Venturi meter , V-notch.

6 L3

(Apply)

L3

(Appl

y)

Conductio

n

Demonstr

ate

Viva &

presentation

6 Performance on hydraulic Turbines 6 L3 L3 Conductio Demonstr Viva &




Page # 25 / 26

a. Pelton wheel

b. Francis Turbine

c. Kaplan Turbines

(Apply) (Appl

y)

n ate presentation




6 L3

(Apply)

L3

(Appl

y)

Conductio

n

Demonstr

ate

Viva &

presentation

8 Performance test on a two stage Reciprocating Air

C

compressor

3 L3

(Apply)

L3

(Appl

y)

Conductio

n

Demonstr

ate

Viva &

presentation

9 Performance test on an Air Blower 3 L3

(Apply)

L3

(Appl

y)

Conductio

n

Demonstr

ate

Viva &

presentation

2. Concepts and Outcomes:

Table 2: Concept to Outcome – Example Course

Expt

- #

Learning or

Outcome from

study of the

Content or

Syllabus

Identified

Concepts

from

Content

Final Concept Concept Justification

(What all Learning

Happened from the

study of Content /

Syllabus. A short word

for learning or

outcome)

CO Components

(1.Action Verb,

2.Knowledge,

3.Condition /

Methodology,

4.Benchmark)

Course Outcome

Student Should be

able to ...

A I J K L M N

1 Determination

of coefficient

of friction of

flow in a pipe.

friction

through

pipes

co-efficient of

friction through

pipes

To determine the

coefficient of

discharge of flow

measuring devices.

Applying

Conduction

Calculate co-efficient

of friction through

pipes

2 Determination

of minor

losses in flow

through pipes

losses in

pipes

different losses

in pipes

To different losses in

flow through pipes

Applying

Conduction

Applying

Conduction

Calculate different

losses in pipes

3 Application of

momentum

equation for

determination

of coefficient

of impact of

jets on flat

and curved

blades

impact jet

on planes

impact jet on

different

profiles

determination of

coefficient of impact

of jets on flat and

curved blades

Applying

Conduction

Calculate impact jet on

planes

4 Calibration of

flow

measuring

devices

Orifice meter,

Nozzle,

Venturi meter

, V-notch.

discharge

through

flow

measuring

devises

Total discharge

through flow

measuring

devises

To determine

discharge through flow

measuring devices

Applying

Conduction

Calculate total

discharge through flow

measuring devices

5 Performance

on hydraulic

Turbines

flow

pattern

through the

flow pattern

through the

different

To Determine the

energy flow pattern


Applying

Conduction

Calculate flow pattern


turbine




Page # 26 / 26

a. Pelton

wheel

b. Francis

Turbine

c. Kaplan

Turbines

hydraulic

turbine

hydraulic

turbine

turbines

6 Performance

hydraulic

Pumps

a. Single stage

and Multi

stage

centrifugal

pumps

b.

Reciprocating

pump

flow

pattern

through the

hydraulic

pumps

flow pattern

through the

different

hydraulic

pumps

To Determine the

energy flow pattern


pumps

Applying

Conduction

Illustrate flow pattern


pumps

7 Performance

test on a two

stage

Reciprocating

Air C

compressor

performanc

e of air-

compressor

characteristic

performance

for air-

compressor

Performance test for

air compressor

Applying

Conduction

Calculate the

characteristic

performance for air-

compressor

8 Performance

test on an Air

Blower

performanc

e for air-

blower

characteristic

performance

for air-blower

Performance test for

air blower

Applying

Conduction

Calculate the

characteristic

performance for air-

blower

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INSTRUCTIONS TO TEACHERS