INSTITUT FÜR OSTSEEFORSCHUNG WARNEMÜNDE

an der Universität Rostock BALTIC SEA RESEARCH INSTITUTE

Leibniz Institute for

Baltic Sea Research

Warnemünde

C r u i s e R e p o r t

r/v "Heincke"

Cruise- No. 06HK1004

This report is based on preliminary data Institut für Ostseeforschung Warnemünde an der Universität Rostock Seestraße 15 D-18119 Rostock- Warnemünde GERMANY +49-381-5197-0 +49-381-5197 440

Cruise No.: 06HK1004 / HE341

Dates of the cruise: from 09.Nov.2010 to 22.Nov.2010

Particulars of the research vessel: Name: Heincke Nationality: Germany Operating Authority: Alfred-Wegener-Institut für Polar- und Meeresforschung Sektion Biologische Anstalt Helgoland,

Geographical area in which ship has operated: Western and Southern Baltic Sea between Kiel Bight and Bornholm Sea

Dates and names of ports of call Sassnitz, 12.11.18:00 – 13.11. 09:00

Purpose of the cruise Monitoring in the frame of the COMBINE Programme of HELCOM

Crew: Name of master: R. Voss Number of crew: 12

Research staff: Chief scientist: Dr. Martin Schmidt Participants: Jan Donath Nadine Keiser Svenja Zimmermann Ingo Schuffenhauer Uwe Hehl Ines Hand Jan Kreuzer Nancy Schindler Günther Plüschke Dr. Ralf Prien Arkadius Lis Heiko Witt David Meyer

Co-operating institutions:

All institutions dealing with HELCOM monitoring programmes.

Scientific equipment CTD SBE 911+ with doubled sensors, SBE oxygen sensor and WETLABS Fluorometer

Electronic Reversing Thermometer Rosette with water samplers Plankton nets, WP2 net, filtration set Van Veen grab, dredge Autoanalyser, Photometer, Titrino 716 Ships weather station (WERUM)

General remarks and preliminary result (ca. 2 pages)

The cruise was carried out in the Baltic Sea from Kiel Bight to Gotland Sea, (see the attached station maps). The meteorological, hydrographical, chemical and biological investigations were performed according to the COMBINE Programme of HELCOM and the ongoing long term data acquisition programme of the IOW.

Each hydrographic station started with a CTD cast measuring pressure, temperature, conductivity (salinity), photosynthetic active radiation, oxygen concentration, fluorescence and turbidity, at most stations combined with water sampling for oxygen and nutrient determination and other biochemical measurements. In total 33 hydrographic stations were worked. For quality control of the hydrographic data the CTD is equipped with a double set of sensors. The oxygen and conductivity sensors are calibrated with bottle data measured with a Titrino 716.

At several stations plankton was sampled with WP2 nets, sample depth are chosen according to the measured temperature and salinity profiles. Chlorophyll-a samples are filtrated and frozen, other phytoplankton samples are conserved with Lugol. Secchi depths of 7-8 m in the southern and western Mecklenburg Bight indicated that no bloom occurred here during the cruise. However, at station TF0046 (Kadet Channel), Secchi depth was only 4.5 m. At all investigated biological stations, Ctenophore Mnemiopsis could be found with high abundance. It was especially large (about 3 cm) at station O5 in front of Warnemünde.

Between Kiel Bight and Arkona Basin (TF0360, TF0012, TF0010, TF0018, TF0030, TF0109, TF0152, TF0160) benthos is sampled with a van Veen grap and by dredging with drifting ship. At each station three parallel grab samples are taken supplemented by an additional sample for sediment type determination in the laboratory.

The cruise started with calm weather followed by strong south-westerly winds in the evening of 11. Nov. increasing during the night to a severe storm with wind speed up to 20 m/s. Station work was interrupted and some Arkona Sea station must be skipped but could be worked next day. Air temperature was mostly below the sea surface temperature which implies surface water cooling and vertical mixing. Station work in the Bornholm and Gotland Sea were allowed by moderate easterly winds. Two moorings could be recovered in the Gotland Deep, a hydrographic mooring, a sediment trap and a profiling mooring could be laid out. Persistent easterly winds, partially stormy, were balanced until the end of the cruise by a stable high pressure area over Scandinavia. Nevertheless all stations could be sampled.

In the Gotland Basin near station TF0271 two moorings could be recovered and laid out again. The moorings are part of the long term observational programme of the IOW. One mooring is equipped with a sediment trap below the redoxcline, the other one measures near bottom currents with a 300 kHz ADCP and temperature and salinity in several levels. A third mooring laid out near TF0271 is described below in point 12.

A strong horizontal salinity gradient is found across Darß Sill. West of the Darß Sill bottom salinity varies between 23 and 18 surface salinity is high between 15 and 17.2. Surface temperature is below the bottom temperature, but the existence of vertical salinity stratification indicates, that the surface cooling is still not sufficient for deep vertical mixing. Phosphate concentration in the surface layer is already enhanced but nitrate+nitrite concentration is still low. Like in previous years the N/P – ratio is remarkably low, especially in the Lübeck and Kiel Bight. In the bottom layer nitrogen and phosphate are enhanced, but are smaller than in the previous year. Here also the N/P-ration is reduced. The bottom water is oxic with low apparent oxygen utilisation.

East of Darß Sill a warm saline bottom layer is found with a salinity of about 15 in the central Arkona Basin. This water mass is warmer than the saline water west of Darss Sill but apparent oxygen utilisation in the bottom water is low, which indicates only a short history of this water mass since the last contact with the sea surface. The upper 20 - 30 m surface layer reveals as completely mixed.

In the Bornholm Basin the surface layer thickness amounts more than 40 m but the cold winter water layer is still present and stretches from 40 m to 70 m depth. There are several warm intrusions that indicate inflow not dense enough to replace the Bornholm Sea bottom water. Below a 30 m thick layer of stagnant, 8°C warm bottom water with salinity of 16.1 is found, that has almost no oxygen but is also without hydrogen sulphide. The nitrate/nitrite

concentration in the deep water (1.8 mol/l) is reduced compared with the summer values of

8 mol/l (cruise report 06AK1003). Phosphate is enhanced (4.5 mol/l), which can be understood by anoxic conditions in the bottom water and related phosphate mobilisation and denitrification during the last 3 months.

The surface layer in the Gotland Basin extends to a depth of 45 m where a sharp thermocline to the Gotland Sea winter water is met. At station TF0271 the core of the winter water is at 56 m depth and has a temperature of 2.8°C. Below this depth temperature and salinity are monotonically increasing. At about 100 m depth temperature reaches 6.3°C and is slightly undulating around this value below. Salinity is increasing from 8 in the winter water core to 12.38 at the bottom maintaining a stable stratification throughout the water column. In the deep water there is a meridional temperature gradient with lower temperature in the south near Stolpe Channel. The temperature and salinity values of the water mass found there suggest an origin by mixing inflowing water from the Bornholm Basin with winter water. The water in the Gotland Deep is warmer and must have flown in previously. Accordingly, the deep water in the southern part of the Gotland Basin is suboxic or anoxic but no hydrogen sulphide is found, whereas a big pool of hydrogen sulphide has formed in the Gotland Deep.

The redoxcline in the Gotland Basin is found in about 125 m depth and is related to a remarkable turbidity maximum. Below 90 m depth the oxygen concentration is less than 2 ml/l, below the water is anoxic and the deep water contains ample of hydrogen sulphide. The oxygen equivalent amounts -7 ml/l in the Gotland Deep. The accumulated nutrient

concentration compares with Atlantic values, phosphate is 6.05 mol/l, ammonium is 32.6

mol/l.

The findings in the Landsort Deep are similar. The winter water core is found at 50 m depth with a temperature of 3.1°C. Below a depth of 75 m the water is suboxic, and only spurious oxygen is found below 100 m depth. In the 125 m sample hydrogen sulphide is detected. Temperature and salinity are monotonically increasing. Bottom temperature is 6.2°C, bottom

salinity 10.79. Phosphate concentration, 3.25 mol/l is lower than in the Gotland Deep,

dissolved inorganic nitrogen (ammonium) concentration is 6.8 mol/l. The negative oxygen equivalent of hydrogen sulphide near the bottom is -1.39 ml/l in the Landsort Deep and -1.56 ml/l in the Karlsö Deep.

In the Gotland Deep a remarkable signal in the echo sounder was observed more or less permanently between 70 m and 50 m depth indicating a large population of organisms, but not of fish, below the winter water layer. This may be related to catches of moon jellies Aurelia aurita in the plankton net. However, the CTD was covered occasionally with red tentacles of jellies, which should not stem from Aurelia aurita.

Recovering a lost mooring a lot of diverse plastic waste was brought from the sea floor to the surface just from catching a line with a hook over 50 m distance. This indicates pollution of the sea floor in the Gotland Basin with plastic waste of different origin.

12. Other measurements

In situ determination of iron(II) in the anoxic zone of the Central Baltic Sea To determine the concentration of iron(II), an important redox-element in anoxic water, an in situ wet chemical analyzer is used developed in the National Oceanography Centre of Southampton by Dr. Douglas Connelly and Dr. Ralf Prien. This sensor employs the method of unsegmented continuous flow analysis. The sample stream is inoculated with ferene as spectrophotometric reagent, and extinction proportional to the concentration of the analyte is determined. The figure below shows the fluid handling system including two solenoid pumps, two valves, one mixer and the absorption cell as well as the electronics, which can be mounted to a CTD-device. The successful application of the sensor is a step towards the ability to measure highly resolved redox profiles.

The in situ wet chemical analyzer

The IOW profiling mooring

The IOW profiling mooring for the Gotland Deep GODESS (Gotland Deep Environmental Sampling Station) was deployed for its third trial near station TF0271 at a water depth of 244 m. The deployed system is a first version with a Sea & Sun multi-parameter CTD (parameters: conductivity, temperature, pressure, Chlorophyll-a fluorescence, pH, oxidation / reduction potential, and turbidity) and the Rinko oxygen optode connected to the CTD. The depth of the profiling body is controlled by the underwater winch. Winch and CTD were programmed to take a profile every 8 hours, starting on the 16. November at 14:00 UTC and ending on the 16. February 06:00 UTC. The mooring layout is shown in Fig. 10.

Attachments

Tables 1 - 2: Preliminary results for selected parameters in the surface layer and the near bottom layer

(unvalidated results)

Fig. 1: The station grid in the Western and Southern Baltic

Fig. 2: The station grid in the Central Baltic

Fig. 3: Oxygen concentrations in the near bottom layer for selected stations

Fig. 4: Transect from the Kiel Bight to the Gotland Basin for temperature, salinity and oxygen

(unvalidated data)

Fig. 5: Transect from the Fehmarn Belt to the Bornholm Basin for temperature, salinity and

oxygen (unvalidated data)

Fig. 6: Meridional transect through the Arkona Basin for temperature, salinity and oxygen

(unvalidated data)

Fig. 8: Zonal transect through the Bornholm Basin for temperature, salinity and oxygen

(unvalidated data)

Fig. 8: Transect through the Gotland Basin for temperature, salinity and oxygen (unvalidated

data)

Fig. 9: Transect around northern Gotland for temperature, salinity and oxygen (unvalidated

data)

Fig. 10: The mooring layout

Table 1: Surface layer (0 - 10m)

Area Station Temperature

Salinity PO4 NO23 SiO4

Date Name/ No. **

°C PSU mol/l mol/l mol/l

Kiel Bight

TF0360/08 10.11.2010

9.1 (9.6)

17.27 (15.24)

0.43 (0.35)

0.12 (0.08)

6.7

Meckl. Bight

TF0012/03 09.11.2010

9.4 (10.4)

16.31 (9.76)

0.39 (0.37)

0.21 (0.50)

5.4

Lübeck Bight

TF0022/06 10.11.2010

9.1 (9.9)

15.60 (15.93)

0.48 (0.40)

0.46 (0.16)

7.5

Arkona Basin

TF0113/21 11.11.2010

8.6 (9.67)

7.24 (8.01)

0.29 (0.32)

0.59 (0.30)

7.7

Pom. Bight

TF0160/28 12.11.2010

8.1 (8.30)

6.86 (6.86)

0.29 (0.32)

3.14 (2.02)

14

Bornholm Deep

TF0213/43 14.11.2010

8.82 7.18 0.25 0.45 5.7

Stolpe Channel

TF0222/45 14.11.2010

8.4 7.1 0.19 0.39 5.6

SE Gotland Basin

TF0259/47 14.11.2010

7.8 6.95 0.26 0.5 7.2

Gotland Deep TF0271/54 15.11.2010

7.7 7.06 0.18 0.54 6.3

Fårö Deep TF0286/56 17.11.2010

7.1 7.05 0.17 0.6 7.7

Landsort Deep TF0284/58 18.11.2010

6.46 6.71 0.32 1.26 7.73

Karlsö Deep TF0245/60 19.11.2010

6.96 6.71 0.24 1.15 9.3

Values in brackets are from 2009

* NO2- + NO3; NO2 was present only in traces in most areas under investigation

** See maps

Table 2: Bottom-near water layer

Area Station Depth

Temp. Salinity O2 PO43-

NO23- *

SiO4

Date Name/ No. **

m °C PSU ml/l mol/l mol/l mol/l

Kiel Bight

TF0360/08 10.11.2010

18 10.11 (11.95)

22.94 (22.33)

4.93 (4.34)

0.86 (1.05)

3.01 (5.08)

20.9

Meckl. Bight

TF0012/03 09.11.2010

23 10.07 (12.90)

20.1 (17.77)

5.65 (4.16)

0.86 (1.01)

2.53 (4.26)

15.2

Lübeck Bight

TF0022/06 09.11.2010

23 10.41 (10.74)

19.07 (14.96)

4.58 (4.86)

1.21 (1.11)

2.66 (3.70)

21.4

Arkona Basin

TF0113/21 11.11.2010

46 9.97 (13.81)

15.22 (16.03)

6.58 (2.71)

0.8 (1.40)

2.12 (8.50)

14.6

Pom. Bight

TF0160/28 12.11.2010

12 8.06 (8.31)

6.86 (6.86)

7.79 (7.87)

0.26 (0.30)

3.18 (2.0)

15.4

Bornholm Deep

TF0213/43 14.11.2010

87 8.03 16.14 0.07 4.65 1.78/3.89 63

Stolpe Channel TF0222/45 14.11.2010

90 6.78 13.27 2.96 1.54 7.48 36.3

SE Gotland Basin

TF0259/47 14.11.2010

86 6.14 10.66 0.2 2.89 5.83 47.6

Gotland Deep TF0271/54 15.11.2010

228 6.42 12.39 -7.01 6.05 0.42/32.6 94.2

Fårö Deep TF0286/56 17.11.2010

187 6.72 11.89 -2.97 4.8 0.28 71.8

Landsort Deep TF0248/58 18.11.2010

431 6.2 10.79 -1.39 3.75 0.13/7.79 60.1

Karlsö Deep TF0245/60 19.11.2010

101 5.58 10.2 -1.56 4.05 0.17 63.0

Values in brackets are from 2009

* NO2- + NO3; NO2 was present only in traces in most areas under investigation

** See maps

TF

O5

18

TF

0012

TF

0011

TF

0010

TF

0022

TF

0361

TF

0360

TF

0042

TF

0041

TF

0040

TF

0046

TF

0002

TF

0001

TF

O9

TF

0030

TF

0115

TF

0114

TF

0069 T

F0113

TF

0105T

F0104

TF

0109

TF

0121

TF

0152

TF

0150

TF

0160

TF

O11T

F0112

AB

Boje

TF

0111

TF

0109

TF

0103

TF

0102

TF

0145

TF

0144

TF

0142

TF

0140

10.0

10.5

11.0

11.5

12.0

12.5

13.0

13.5

14.0

14.5

15.0

Longitude [°]

54545454545555555555565656

Latitude [°]

06

HK

10

04

/

ma

p 1

mo

nito

rin

g0

9.1

1.2

01

0 -

19.1

1.2

01

05

9 s

tatio

ns / 6

re

pea

ted

sta

tio

ns

201

0 D

epart

men

t P

hysic

al O

cean

og

raph

y J

an

Don

ath

Le

ibniz

In

stitu

te fo

r B

altic

Sea

Re

se

arc

h W

arn

em

ün

de

-80

-75

-70

-65

-60

-55

-50

-45

-40

-35

-30

-25

-20

-15

-10

-50

TF

0222

TF

0256

TF

0259

TF

0255T

F0253T

F0250

TF

0263

TF

0260TF

0272

TF

0271

TF

0270

TF

0286

TF

0285

TF

0284

TF

0240

TF

0245

15.0

15.5

16.0

16.5

17.0

17.5

18.0

18.5

19.0

19.5

20.0

20.5

21.0

21.5

22.0

Longitude [°]

555656575758585959

Latitude [°]

06

HK

10

04

/

ma

p 2

mo

nito

rin

g0

9.1

1.2

01

0 -

19.1

1.2

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05

9 s

tatio

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re

pea

ted

sta

tio

ns

201

0 D

epart

men

t P

hysic

al O

cean

og

raph

y J

an

Don

ath

Le

ibniz

In

stitu

te fo

r B

altic

Sea

Re

se

arc

h W

arn

em

ün

de

-45

0

-42

5

-40

0

-37

5

-35

0

-32

5

-30

0

-27

5

-25

0

-22

5

-20

0

-17

5

-15

0

-12

5

-10

0

-75

-50

-25

0

4.9

3

5.6

5

4.8

5

6.3

0

6.5

8

0.4

0

0.0

72

.96

0.2

0

0.0

0-7.0

1(H

2S

)

-2.9

7(H

2S

)

-2.3

9(H

2S

)

-1.3

6(H

2S

)

-1.5

6(H

2S

)

6.3

5

6.3

1

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

Lon

gitud

e [

°]

545556575859

Latitude [°]

06

HK

10

04

/

ma

p O

2m

onito

rin

g0

9.1

1.2

01

0 -

19.1

1.2

01

0o

xyg

en b

ott

om

- c

on

ce

ntr

atio

n [

ml/l]

201

0 D

ep

art

men

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hysic

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Do

nath

Le

ibniz

In

stitu

te f

or

Ba

ltic

Se

a R

ese

arc

h W

arn

em

ün

de

-54

0

-51

0

-48

0

-45

0

-42

0

-39

0

-36

0

-33

0

-30

0

-27

0

-24

0

-21

0

-18

0

-15

0

-12

0

-90

-60

-30

0

DE

NM

AR

K

SW

ED

EN

PO

LA

ND

GE

RM

AN

Y

Kalin

ingra

dG

dynia

Ysta

d

Gotland

Born

holm

LATVIA

Öland

Figure 3

06AK1004

Kiel Bight - Gotland Sea09.11.2010 13:43 - 17.11.2010 21:00 UTC

2010 Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde, Department Physical Oceanography Jan Donath05.srf

TF

036

0

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1

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0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500-250

-230

-210

-190

-170

-150

-130

-110

-90

-70

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-30

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Depth

[m

]

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3

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0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500-250

-230

-210

-190

-170

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-90

-70

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Depth

[m

]

5

6

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8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500

Distance [n.m.]

-250

-230

-210

-190

-170

-150

-130

-110

-90

-70

-50

-30

-10

Depth

[m

]

-1

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

Salinity [psu]

Temperature [°C]

Oxygen [ml/l]

Figure 4

06AK1004

Fehmarnbelt-Bornholmbecken09.11.2010 13:43 - 13.11.2010 22:58 UTC

2010 Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde, Department Physical Oceanography Jan Donath01.srf

TF

036

0

TF

036

1

TF

001

0

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1

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1

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6

TF

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1T

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4

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4

TF

014

2

TF

014

0

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160-70

-60

-50

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-30

-20

-10

0

Depth

[m

]

7

8

9

10

11

TF

036

0

TF

036

1

TF

001

0

TF

001

1

TF

004

1

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TF

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2

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1T

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0

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5

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4

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2

TF

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0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160-70

-60

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Depth

[m

]

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

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16

17

18

19

20

21

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0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160

Distance [n.m.]

-70

-60

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

Depth

[m

]

3

4

5

6

7

8

Salinity [psu]

Temperature [°C]

Oxygen [ml/l]

Figure 5

06AK1004

Ystadschnitt12.11.2010 07:32 - 13.11.2010 17:52 UTC

2010 Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde, Department Physical Oceanography Jan Donath02.srf

TF

010

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TF

O1

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TF

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0

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60

Distance [n.m.]

Temperature [°C]

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

Depth

[m

]

7.50

8.00

8.50

9.00

9.50

10.00

10.50

11.00

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60

Distance [n.m.]

Salz [PSU]

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

Depth

[m

]

5.00

6.00

7.00

8.00

9.00

10.00

11.00

12.00

13.00

14.00

15.00

16.00

17.00

18.00

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60

Distance [n.m.]

Oxygen ctd [ml/l]

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

Depth

[m

]

4.00

4.50

5.00

5.50

6.00

6.50

7.00

7.50

Figure 6

06AK1004

Bornholmbecken13.11.2010 22:58 - 14.11.2010 07:38 UTC

2010 Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde, Department Physical Oceanography Jan Donath03.srf

TF0140 TF0200 TF0212 TF0213 TF0221

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50

Distance [n.m.]

Temperature [°C]

-100

-90

-80

-70

-60

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

Depth

[m

]

4.00

5.00

6.00

7.00

8.00

9.00

10.00

11.00

TF0140 TF0200 TF0212 TF0213 TF0221

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50

Distance [n.m.]

Salz [PSU]

-100

-90

-80

-70

-60

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

Depth

[m

]

6.00

7.00

8.00

9.00

10.00

11.00

12.00

13.00

14.00

15.00

16.00

17.00

18.00

TF0140 TF0200 TF0212 TF0213 TF0221

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50

Distance [n.m.]

Oxygen ctd [ml/l]

-100

-90

-80

-70

-60

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

Depth

[m

]

-0.50

0.00

0.50

1.00

1.50

2.00

2.50

3.00

3.50

4.00

4.50

5.00

5.50

6.00

6.50

7.00

7.50

Figure 7

06AK1004

Gotlandbecken14.11.2010 10:42 - 17.11.2010 21:00 UTC

2010 Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde, Department Physical Oceanography Jan Donath04.srf

TF

022

2

TF

025

6

TF

025

9

TF

025

5

TF

025

3

TF

025

0

TF

026

3

TF

026

0

TF

027

2

TF

027

1

TF

027

0

TF

028

6

TF

028

5

0 8 16 24 32 40 48 56 64 72 80 88 96 104 112 120 128 136 144 152 160 168 176 184 192 200

Distance [n.m.]

Temperature [°C]

-250

-230

-210

-190

-170

-150

-130

-110

-90

-70

-50

-30

-10

Depth

[m

]

2.00

2.50

3.00

3.50

4.00

4.50

5.00

5.50

6.00

6.50

7.00

7.50

8.00

8.50

9.00

0 8 16 24 32 40 48 56 64 72 80 88 96 104 112 120 128 136 144 152 160 168 176 184 192 200

Distance [n.m.]

Salz [PSU]

-250

-230

-210

-190

-170

-150

-130

-110

-90

-70

-50

-30

-10

Depth

[m

]

5.00

6.00

7.00

8.00

9.00

10.00

11.00

12.00

13.00

14.00

0 8 16 24 32 40 48 56 64 72 80 88 96 104 112 120 128 136 144 152 160 168 176 184 192 200

Distance [n.m.]

Oxygen ctd [ml/l]

-250

-230

-210

-190

-170

-150

-130

-110

-90

-70

-50

-30

-10

Depth

[m

]

-1.00

-0.50

0.00

0.50

1.00

1.50

2.00

2.50

3.00

3.50

4.00

4.50

5.00

5.50

6.00

6.50

7.00

7.50

8.00

Figure 8

06AK1004

Um Gotland17.11.2010 12:38 - 19.11.2010 01:13 UTC

2010 Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde, Department Physical Oceanography Jan Donath04a.srf

TF0245 TF0240 TF0284 TF0285 TF0286 TF0270

0 7 14 21 28 35 42 49 56 63 70 77 84 91 98 105 112 119 126 133 140 147 154 161 168 175 182 189 196

Distance [n.m.]

Temperature [°C]

-460

-430

-400

-370

-340

-310

-280

-250

-220

-190

-160

-130

-100

-70

-40

-10

Depth

[m

]

2.00

2.50

3.00

3.50

4.00

4.50

5.00

5.50

6.00

6.50

7.00

7.50

TF0245 TF0240 TF0284 TF0285 TF0286 TF0270

0 7 14 21 28 35 42 49 56 63 70 77 84 91 98 105 112 119 126 133 140 147 154 161 168 175 182 189 196

Distance [n.m.]

Salz [PSU]

-460

-430

-400

-370

-340

-310

-280

-250

-220

-190

-160

-130

-100

-70

-40

-10

Depth

[m

]

5.00

6.00

7.00

8.00

9.00

10.00

11.00

12.00

TF0245 TF0240 TF0284 TF0285 TF0286 TF0270

0 7 14 21 28 35 42 49 56 63 70 77 84 91 98 105 112 119 126 133 140 147 154 161 168 175 182 189 196

Distance [n.m.]

Oxygen ctd [ml/l]

-460

-430

-400

-370

-340

-310

-280

-250

-220

-190

-160

-130

-100

-70

-40

-10

Depth

[m

]

-1.00

-0.50

0.00

0.50

1.00

1.50

2.00

2.50

3.00

3.50

4.00

4.50

5.00

5.50

6.00

6.50

7.00

7.50

Figure 9

Figure 10