2011 Salinas Entomology Meeting

Insecticides for Use on Cool Season Vegetables

Eric T. NatwickUC Cooperative Extension

etnatwick@ucdavis eduetnatwick@ucdavis.edu

New & Old InsecticidesNew & Old Insecticides Several “Reduced Risk” insecticides are under

development or were recently registered for vegetable insect pest control. But, do they work?

Are “Older Insecticides” still efficacious?

Are new insecticides better?

“Newer” Worm Control Chemistries

Anthranilic Diamide Insecticide: (MoA 28)S ® ( i fl b di id ) B C S i Synapse® (a.i. flubendiamide) Bayer CropScience

Coragen® SC (a.i. chlorantraniliprole) DuPont Verimark (soil), Exirel (foliar) (a.i. cyantraniliprole is under

development by DuPont and Syngenta) No US EPA or Cal DPR label

Spinosyns: (MoA 5) Success® & Entrust® (a.i. spinosad) Dow AgroSciences Success & Entrust (a.i. spinosad) Dow AgroSciences Radiant® SC (a.i. spinetoram) Dow AgroSciences

IGR’s:I id® ( i h f id ) (D A S i ) (M A 18) Intrepid® (a.i. methoxfenozide) (Dow AgroSciences) (MoA 18)

Rimon® (a.i. novaluron) (Chemtura USA Corp.) (MoA 15) Others (MoA unknown)( )

a.i. pyrifluquinazon (under development) Nichino Americas Torac (a.i. tolfenpyrad; under development by Nichino Americas)

No US EPA or Cal DPR label

“Older” Worm Control Chemistries Avermectins & Bt Products:

Proclaim® (a.i. emamectin benzoate) Syngenta (MoA 6) Bacillus thuringiensis ssp. Aizawai (various products) (MoA 11B1) Bt ssp. Kurstaki (various products) (MoA 11B2)p ( p ) ( )

Pyrethroids: (MoA 3) (many others not listed) (a.i. permethrin) Amvac’s Ambush® or FMC’s Pounce®

B i d ® ( i bif th i ) FMC Brigade® (a.i. bifenthrin) FMC Mustang® (a.i. zeta-cypermethrin) FMC

Organophosphates: (MoA 1B)g p p ( ) Dibrom® (a.i. Naled) Amvac Lorsban® (a.i. chlorpyrifos) Dow AgriSciences

Carbamates: (MoA A1) Carbamates: (MoA A1) Lannate® (a.i. methomyl) DuPont Larvin® (a.i. thiodicarb) Bayer CropScience

Others Avaunt® (a.i. indoxacard) DuPont (MoA 22)

Insecticide Efficacy Against Worm Pests onInsecticide Efficacy Against Worm Pests on Lettuce at Holtville, CA in 2010

1.4

1

1.2

nt

Untreated Control

Durivo SC @ 13 fl oz/a

a

0.8

1

per

plan

Voliam Flexi WG @ 7 oz/a

Voliam Xpress ZC @ 9 fl oz/a

0.4

0.6

Wor

ms Voliam Xpress ZC @ 9 fl oz/a

Radiant @ 5 fl oz/ab

a

0

0.2

b b b b b b b0

BAW CL

B A P T MBeet Armyworm Post Treatment Means In Lettuce At Holtville, CA in 2006

1.6

1.8

ts

Untreated Control

Success @ 5.7 oz

1

1.2

1.4

10 p

lant Avaunt @ 3.47 oz

Radiant @ 2.9 oz

0.6

0.8

1

ms p

er 1 Radiant @ 5 oz

Radiant @ 6.9 oz

Intrepid @ 8 oz

0.2

0.4

0.6

Wor

m Intrepid @ 8 oz

0

C bb L P T MCabbage Looper Post Treatment Means In Lettuce At Holtville, CA in 2006

5

6

ts

Untreated Control

Success @ 5.7 oz

4

10 p

lant Avaunt @ 3.47 oz

Radiant @ 2.9 oz

2

3

ms p

er 1 Radiant @ 5 oz

Radiant @ 6.9 oz

Intrepid @ 8 oz

1

2

Wor

m Intrepid @ 8 oz

0

C bb L P t T t t MCabbage Looper Post Treatment Means In Cucumber At Holtville, CA in 2006

2

2.5

ts

Untreated Control

Avaunt @ 3.5 oz

1.5

2

10 p

lant

Avaunt @ 3.5 oz

Success @ 6 oz

Intrepid @ 8 oz

1

ms p

er 1 Intrepid @ 8 oz

Proclaim @ 3.2 oz

Coragen @6.74 oz

0.5Wor

m Coragen @6.74 oz

0

B t A P t T t t MBeet Armyworm Post Treatment Means In Lettuce At Holtville, CA in 2005

4

4.5

5

ts

Untreated Control

Coragen @ 3.4 oz

3

3.5

4

20 p

lant Coragen @ 5 oz

Success @ 5.7 oz

2

2.5

ms p

er 2 Intrepid @ 8 oz

Avaunt @ 3.5 oz

Proclaim @ 3 2 oz

0.5

1

1.5

Wor

m Proclaim @ 3.2 oz

0

C bb L P t T t t MCabbage Looper Post Treatment Means In Lettuce At Holtville, CA in 2005

1

1.2

ts

Untreated Control

Coragen @ 3.4 oz

0.8

20 p

lant Coragen @ 5 oz

Success @ 5.7 oz

0.4

0.6

ms p

er 2 Intrepid @ 8 oz

Avaunt @ 3.5 oz

Proclaim @ 3 2 oz

0.2

0.4

Wor

m Proclaim @ 3.2 oz

0

B A P T MBeet Armyworm Post Treatment Means In Cauliflower At Holtville, CA in 2002

0.3

0.35

ts

Untreated Control

0.2

0.25

20 p

lant Avaunt @ 0.065 lb ai/a

Proclaim @0.0075 lb ai/a

0.15

0.2

ms p

er 2

Success @ 0.063 lb ai/a

Capture @ 0.08 lb ai/a

0.05

0.1

Wor

m p @

0

C bb L P T MCabbage Looper Post Treatment Means In Cauliflower At Holtville, CA in 2002

8

9

10

ts

Untreated Control

A @ 0 47 lb i/

6

7

8

20 p

lant Avaunt @ 0.47 lb ai/a

Proclaim @ 0.0075 lb ai/a

3

4

5

ms p

er 2

Success @ 0.063 lb ai/a

Capture @ 0.08 lb ai/a

1

2

3

Wor

m p @

0

B A P T MBeet Armyworm Post Treatment Means In Cabbage At Holtville, CA in 2006

1

1.2

ts

Untreated Control

Baythroid XL @ 3 2 oz

0.8

10 p

lant

Baythroid XL @ 3.2 oz

Renounce 20 WP @ 2 oz

Rimon 0 83 EC @ 9 oz

0.4

0.6

ms p

er 1 Rimon 0.83 EC @ 9 oz

Rimon 0.83 EC @ 12 oz

Success @ 5 7 oz

0.2

0.4

Wor

m Success @ 5.7 oz

0

C bb L P T MCabbage Looper Post Treatment Means In Cabbage At Holtville, CA in 2006

7

8

ts

Untreated Control

Baythroid XL @ 3 2 oz

5

6

10 p

lant

Baythroid XL @ 3.2 oz

Renounce 20 WP @ 2 oz

Rimon 0 83 EC @ 9 oz

3

4

ms p

er 1 Rimon 0.83 EC @ 9 oz

Rimon 0.83 EC @ 12 oz

Success @ 5 7 oz

1

2

Wor

m Success @ 5.7 oz

0

“Newer” Aphid Control ChemistriesNewer Aphid Control Chemistries

Movento® (spirotetramat) Bayer CropScienceMovento (spirotetramat) Bayer CropScience (MoA 23)

Beleaf ® (flonicomid) FMC Corp. (MoA 9C)

Closer (a.i. sulfoxaflor under development by Dow AgriSciences) No US EPA or Cal DPR label (MoA unknown)

“Older” Aphid Control ChemistriesOlder Aphid Control Chemistries

Fulfill® (a.i. pymetrozine) Syngenta (MoA 9B) Fulfill (a.i. pymetrozine) Syngenta (MoA 9B) Neonicotinoids (MoA A4) (several others not listed)

a i imidacloprid: Admire® Provado® and many generics a.i. imidacloprid: Admire , Provado and many generics Assail® (a.i. acetamiprid) United Phosphorus, Inc. Platinum® & Actara® (a.i. thiamethoxam) SyngentaPlatinum & Actara (a.i. thiamethoxam) Syngenta Venom® (a.i. dinotefuron) Valent

Organophosphates (MoA 1B)Organophosphates (MoA 1B) a.i. Dimethoate (Gowan & other sources) MSR Spray® (a.i. oxydementon-methyl) GowanS Sp ay (a. . o yde e o e y ) Gowa Others not listed

Insecticide Efficacy Evaluation for Aphid Control onInsecticide Efficacy Evaluation for Aphid Control on Napa Cabbage at Holtville, CA in 2007

45

35

40

t

Untreated Control

Movento @ 2 fl oz/a

a

25

30

er p

lant

@

Movento @ 5 fl oz/a

15

20

phid

s pe

Provado @ 3.75 fl oz/a

Synapse WG @ 2 oz/ab

5

10

Ap

c

b

0c c c

Thrips Control InsecticidesThrips Control Insecticides Spinosyns: (MoA 5)

Success® & Entrust® (a.i. spinosad) Dow AgroSciences Radiant® SC (a.i. spinetoram) Dow AgroSciences

( ) Carbamates: (MoA A1) Lannate® (a.i. methomyl) DuPont Vydate ® (a i oxamyl) dry bulb onion supplemental label Vydate ® (a.i. oxamyl) dry bulb onion supplemental label

Pyrethroids: (MoA 3) (several others not listed) Mustang® (a i zeta-cypermethrin) FMC Corp Mustang (a.i. zeta-cypermethrin) FMC Corp. Warrior® (a.i. lambda-cyhalothrin) Syngenta

Others:O e s: a.i. Azadirachtin (various products) (MoA 18B) Torac (a.i. tolfenpyrad; under development Nichino Americas)

Insecticide Efficacy Evaluation for Thrips Control on Lettuce at Holtville CA in 2009Lettuce at Holtville, CA in 2009

18

20

Voliam Flexi @ 7 oz/aa

14

16

18

er p

lant

@

Radiant @ 7 oz/a

Torac @ 17 oz/a

10

12

vae

5 pe Torac @ 21 oz/a

Torac @ 24 oz/a

M t @ 5 /b

6

8

ips L

arv Movento @ 5 oz/a

UntreatedCheck

e

cd

bbc

dee

0

2

4

Thri e e

0

Torac has no US EPA or Cal DPR label

Insecticide Efficacy Evaluation for Thrips Control onInsecticide Efficacy Evaluation for Thrips Control on Lettuce at Holtville, CA in 2009

60

50

plan

t

Voliam Flexi @ 7 oz/a

Radiant @ 7 oz/a

T @ 17 /

a

b

40

s 5 p

er p Torac @ 17 oz/a

Torac @ 21 oz/a

Torac @ 24 oz/ade

c

d

20

30

s Adu

lts

@

Movento @ 5 oz/a

UntreatedCheckf

dee

d

10Thr

ips

0Torac has no US EPA or Cal DPR label

Rotation 1

Vydate 2 L f/b Radiant SC + Aza-Direct f/b

48.0 f/b 8.0 f/b 32 f/b

Onion Insecticides, Holtville, California, 2010.

Mustang Max f/b Lannate

4.0 f/b 48.0

Rotation 2

HGW86 10 OD f/b 13.5 f/b Lannate f/b Radiant

48.0 f/b 8.0

Rotation 3

HGW86 10 OD f/b Lannate f/b Radiant

20.5 f/b 48.0 f/b 8.0

Rotation 4

A i M k f/b 16 0 f/bAgri-Mek f/b Warrior II f/b Radiant SC f/b Movento

16.0 f/b 1.92 f/b 8.0 f/b 5.0

Organic Rotation

Entrust f/b Aza-Direct f/b Bugoil

2.0 alt/w 48.0 1% v/v

Rotation 5Bridadier f/b Beleaf 50 WG f/b GWN 2119

5.5 f/b 2.8 f/b 3.0 Thrips per 5 Plants

Tolfenpyrad @ 24 oz + Lannate @ 36 oz 26‐JanRotation 1

Onion Insecticides, Holtville, California, 2011.

Lannate LV @ 36 oz

Radiant SC @ 8 oz8‐Feb

22‐Feb

28‐Feb

Mustang f/b Lannate LV f/b Radiant SC

4.0 oz36.0 oz8.0 oz

Tolfenpyrad 15 EC @ 24 oz

Movento @ 5.0 oz 8‐Mar

14‐Mar

22 Mar

Rotation 2

AdmirePro f/b Movento f/b Radiant SC

14.0 oz5.0 oz8 0 oz

Rotation 3

Rotation 4

22‐Mar

28‐Mar

5‐Apr

Radiant SC 8.0 oz

Rotation 3

AdmirePro f/b 14 0 oz

Rotation 1

Rotation 213‐Apr

19‐Apr

26‐Apr

AdmirePro f/b Movento f/b Lannate LV

14.0 oz5 oz36.0 oz

0 200 400 600 800 1000

Untreated

Rotation 4

Torac f/b Radiant SC f/b Lannate LV f/b

24.0 oz8.0 oz36 0 oz 0 200 400 600 800 1000Lannate LV f/b

Mustang36.0 oz4.0 oz

Thrips per 5 PlantsTorac has no US EPA or Cal DPR label

Whitefly Control Insecticides Neonicotinoids: (MoA A4)

i i id l id Ad i ® P d ® d i a.i. imidacloprid: Admire®, Provado® and many generics Assail® (a.i. acetamiprid) United Phosphorus, Inc. Platinum® & Actara® (a.i. thiamethoxam) Syngenta( ) y g Venom® (a.i. dinotefuron) Valent

Tetronic acid derivatives: (MoA 23) Movento® (a.i. spirotetramat) Bayer CropScience Oberon® (a.i. spiromesifen) Bayer CropScience

Pyrethroids: (MoA 3) Pyrethroids: (MoA 3) Brigade® Capture Cal 2EC ® (a.i. bifenthrin) FMC Corp.

Anthranilic Diamide Insecticide: (MoA 28) Coragen® SC (a.i. chlorantraniliprole) DuPont a.i. cyantraniliprole (under development) DuPont

Other: (MoA’s unknown) Other: (MoA s unknown) a.i. pyrifluquinazon (under development) Nichino Americas Torac (a.i. tolfenpyrad; under development Nichino Americas)

Whitefly Seasonal Averages In Broccoli At y gHoltville, CA in 2010

16

12

14

flea

f

Untreated Control

Pyrifluquinazon @ 1.6 fl oz/a

a

b

8

10

12

r cm

2 of

Pyrifluquinazon @ 2.4 fl oz/a

Pyrifluquinazon @ 3.2 fl oz/a

bcbcd

bcdcd

4

6

8

mph

s per Assail 30 SG @ 4 oz/a

Movento @ 5 fl oz/a

d

0

2

4

Nym

0

Pyrifluquinazon has no US EPA or Cal DPR label

Insecticide Efficacy Evaluation for Whitefly Control on Canteloupe at Holtville CA in 2009Canteloupe at Holtville, CA in 2009

40

45

Untreated Checka

30

35

40

m2

of le

af

Untreated Check

Platinum 75 SG @ 3.67 oz/a API

Venom 70W @ 4 oz/a

20

25

30

mph

s per

cm Venom 70W @ 4 oz/a

Oberon 2EC @ 7 fl oz/a

Pyrifluqinazon @ 1 6 fl oz/ab

10

15

20

itefly

nym

Pyrifluqinazon @ 1.6 fl oz/a

Pyrifluqinazon @ 3.2 fl oz/a

T @ 21 fl /efg

bcdb

cd

fgh

0

5

10

Whi Torac @ 21 fl oz/a

Torac @ 17 fl oz/a

hfgh

0

Torac & Pyrifluquinazon do not have US EPA or Cal DPR labels

Insecticides: “Old” versus “New”Insecticides: Old versus New

Old Vegetable Insecticides New Vegetable InsecticidesOld Vegetable Insecticides Pro

Less expensive

New Vegetable Insecticides Pro

Selectivep Broad spectrum IRM rotation partner Fits existing IPM program

More efficacious IRM rotation partner Fits new IPM program Fits existing IPM program

Con Worker safety issues

Fits new IPM program Environmentally friendly Improved worker safety

Environmental issues Insecticide-resistance Broad spectrum

Con More expensive Too selective Broad spectrum Too selective Less efficacious

In-the-Can Insecticide MixturesIn the Can Insecticide Mixtures

Athena® (bifenthrin & abamectin B1) FMC( ) Brigadier® (bifenthrin & imidacloprid) FMC Cobalt (chlorpyrifos & gamma-cyhalothrin) Dow AgroSciences Durivo® (chlorantraniliprole & thiamethoxam) Syngenta Hero® (zeta-cypermethrin & bifenthrin) FMC Leverage (imidacloprid & beta-cyfluthrin) Bayer Stallion (zeta-cypermethrin & chlorpyrifos) FMC Steed® (zeta-cypermethrin & bifenthrin) FMC Vetica® (flubendiamide & buprofezin) Nichino Americas V li ® Fl i ( hl t ili l & thi th ) S t Voliam® Flexi (chlorantraniliprole & thiamethoxam) Syngenta Voliam® Xpress (chlorantraniliprole & lambda-cyhalothrin) Syngenta

In-the-Can Mixtures: Why? or Why Not?In the Can Mixtures: Why? or Why Not?

Pros: Cheaper than “In-the-Tank” mixtures Convenient for mixing and loading of the sprayer “New” product for the company with “old” a.i. Broad spectrum insect control

Cons: Confounds insecticide resistance management (IRM) Environmental exposure of a.i. when a pest is not present May not be more efficacious than one a.i. Takes tank mix decision away from PCA or grower

Older Worm Control InsecticidesOlder Worm Control Insecticides

“Newer is not always better”y Many older chemicals are still used safely,

effectively and some are “Reduced Risk” Several pyrethroid insecticides and Avaunt

insecticide are still efficacious Success and Proclaim are still an efficacious “Soft”

insecticides Intrepid 2 SC, Coragen, Synapse are some “newer”

vegetable worm control insecticides that are “Soft” “R d d Ri k”or “Reduced Risk”

Suggested Use Patterns for Older and New i id i blWorm Insecticides on Winter Vegetables

Stand Establishment is a critical time for worm control. Older insecticides (Avaunt, Lannate, OPs & Pyrethroids) New insecticides (Belt, Coragen, Durivo & Radiant)

Post thinning to head development is a time when more worm damage can be tolerated. Older insecticides (Intrepid Lannate Proclaim OPs & B t ) Older insecticides (Intrepid, Lannate, Proclaim, OPs & B.t.) New insecticides (Belt, Coragen, Voliam Flexi & Rimon)

Head development to harvest is a time when worm Head development to harvest is a time when worm control is critical. Older insecticides (Avaunt, Intrepid & Proclaim) New insecticides (Belt, Coragen, Voliam Xpress &

Radiant)

New & Old together for IPM and IRMNew & Old together for IPM and IRM

With older and newer insecticides together we have With older and newer insecticides together we have an arsenal of products that can be efficacious for vegetable pest management many years to come.

Vegetable IPM: Cultural control practices, along with proper sampling and timing of reduced risk insecticides, can be provide both efficacious and environmentally sound crop protection from insects.

Insecticide resistance management (IRM): With several chemical classes and MoA’s, insecticide resistance can be managed for years to comeresistance can be managed for years to come.