Upload
others
View
0
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
INSECT PESTS IN FORESTS IN CZECHIA
Forest Protection Service, FGMRI
Coordinator: Ing. Miloš Knížek, Ph.D.
• SC in 2016 - 6 mil. m3 (2015 – 4.5 mil. m3)
• SC cca 50 % of total cuttings
• Biotic factors – the main in 2016 – 3.5 mil. m3 (2015 – 1.8 mil. m3)
• In 2017 cca 7,5 mil. m3 – bark beetles and wind
abiotic damages 3,4 biotic factors 4,1!
Registered sanitary cuttings
Abiotic damagesIn 2016:
• mainly draught – 1.4 mil. m3 (2015 – 0.5 mil. m3) windfelling -1.1 mil. m3 (2015 – 2.2 mil. m3)
• 2015 a 2016 favorable from long term point of view (damages by wind)
Wind damages in 2017 (hurricanes):
• August – cca 1.1 mil. m3
• Herwart (29.10.2017) – cca 3 mil. m3
• Xanthos (11.-12.12.2017) – cca 0.25 mil. m3
• In Total cca 4.5 mil. m3
• Additonal in 2018
50
70
90
110
130
150
Pre
cip
ita
tio
n%
of
no
rma
lu(1
96
1-1
99
0)
-1,5
-0,5
0,5
1,5
2,5
Devia
tio
nfr
om
no
rma
l(1
96
1-1
99
0)
(°C
)
0,00
2,00
4,00
6,00
8,00
10,00
12,00
14,00
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
mil.
m3
živelní hmyzová
Recorded volume of BB spruce wood in Czechia
1951-1960 2 mil. m3
1961-1970 3 mil. m3
1971-1980 4 mil. m3
1981-1990 8 mil. m3
1991-2000 9 mil. m3
2001-2010 10 mil. m3
2011-2017 12 mil. m3
In total cca 50 mil. m3
Real stage min. 60 mil. m3
Recorded volume of spruce BB infested wood since 1990
0
500
1 000
1 500
2 000
2 500
3 000
3 500
4 000
19
90
19
91
19
92
19
93
19
94
19
95
19
96
19
97
19
98
19
99
20
00
20
01
20
02
20
03
20
04
20
05
20
06
20
07
20
08
20
09
20
10
20
11
20
12
20
13
20
14
20
15
20
16
20
17
tis.
m3
! 1,5 mil. m3
more – droughtand Armillaria
Recorded volume of spruce BB infested wood in 2017
2016
Moravskoslezský a Olomoucký
region – more than 2 mil. m3
(more than ½ of the whole country) (district of Bruntál – 1,2 mil m3)
Recorded volume per ha of spruce BB infested wood in 2017
2016
Bark beetlesProtection measurements
2016:
cca 405 th. m3 trap trees (2015 – 195 th. m3)
cca 58 th. pheromone traps (2015 – 35 th.)
barked nearly 35 th. m3 (2015 – 27 th. m3)
chemically treated cca 263 th. m3 (2015 – 60
th. m3)
2017:
cca 461 th. m3 trap trees
cca 53 th. pheromone traps
barked 30 th. m3
chemically treated 486 th. m3
Monitoring of Ips duplicatus in 2017
No
resin
flow
Stage in northern Moravia and SilesiaPhotos
Moravia and Silesia, September 2017
Humanreasons
General causes
• Permanent loss of qualified workforce
• Inactivity of a number of owners
• Inflexible system of public procurement
Related impacts
• Late processing of bark beetles and other infested wood
• Insufficient processing of bark beetles infested wood
Bark and wood boring insects on other trees in 2016
Pine:Increase of Tomicus, Ips acuminatus, Phaenopscyanea and Pissodes sp. infestation
Local increase of Pityokteines sp. – Fir, Hylesinus – Ash and species on Oak
Morava, Třebíč, July 2017
Melolontha and Cephalcia sp. - low importance
Lymantria monacha, Zeiraphera griseana, Lymantria dispar, Pristiphora sp., Pikonema sp. – low population density (latency)
Higher population density of Cameraria ohridella
Local damages by Dreyfusia on Fir
Defoliating and sucking insects in 2016
Recorded occurrence of defoliating insects in coniferous and deciduous stands in Czechia since 1990
0
5
10
15
20
25
19
90
19
91
19
92
19
93
19
94
19
95
19
96
19
97
19
98
19
99
20
00
20
01
20
02
20
03
20
04
20
05
20
06
20
07
20
08
20
09
20
10
20
11
20
12
20
13
20
14
20
15
20
16
20
17
tis
. h
a
Jehličnaté Listnaté
Hylobius abietis
Damages on plantations in 2017
1 937 ha (2016 – 1 825 ha)
Treatment
6 400 ha (2016 – 7 400ha)
Larvi of Melolontha hippocastani
damages in young trees and plantations
• 2015 swarming in SE Moravia, 2016 in central and E Bohemia
• 2016 – 20 ha (2015 – 120 ha)
• 2017 – cca 150 ha (SE Moravia mainly)
• 2018 – increase of damages in Bohemia mainly
• Next swarming in SE Moravia (2019), central and E Bohemia (2019 a 2020)
Other insects
Still increasing importance in both, coniferous and deciduous stands(draught)
Region Area (ha) Volume (m3)
Hlavní město Praha 0,0 4
Jihočeský 230,8 5 684
Jihomoravský 204,5 8 121
Karlovarský 1,0 417
Vysočina 61,0 1 616
Královéhradecký 1 684,5 3 899
Liberecký 0,00 414
Moravskoslezský 1 225,7 152 774
Olomoucký 563,0 129 509
Pardubický 47,3 3 249
Plzeňský 201,7 1 131
Středočeský 464,0 3 097
Ústecký 69,0 324
Zlínský 38,1 8 340
Total in 2017 4 790,5 318 578
Armillaria sp.
Recorded volume of Armillaria sp. infested wood in 2017
draught
fungal pathogens - secondaryDiplodia pini /=Shpaeropsissapinea/
importance of bark and wood boring insects
Fungal damages in pine stands
Forecast for 2018
Continuation of calamity of BB in spruce stands – historically highest in CzechiaIncrease in influenced regionsExpanding of Ips typographus gradation areaGradation will start in new areas (higher altitudes)Gradation of cambioxylophagous insect on other trees – Pine, Oak
Lymatria dispar (Lymantria monacha – not yet)
Hylobius abietis, rodents
Continuation of high damages by game
Armillaria in spruce stands
Continuation of problems in Fraxinus, Alnusand Pinus stands, Gemmamyces piceae
Thank you for your attention!
Forest Protection
Service
www.vulhm.cz/los
Forestry and Game
Management
Research Institute