InRoads Survey 2004 Edition - California State Polytechnic ...hturner/ce313/cogo.pdf · InRoads Survey 2004 Edition Working with InRoads ... or MicroStation® V8 2004 ... 4 Introducing

InRoads Survey 2004 Edition

Working with InRoads Survey

DAA034950-1/0001

Copyright, Warranties, and Trademarks

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The information and the software discussed in this document are subject to change without notice and should not be considered commitments by Bentley Systems, Incorporated. Bentley Systems, Incorporated assumes no responsibility for any error that may appear in this document.

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Trademarks Bentley is a registered trademark of Bentley Systems, Incorporated. InRoads, InRail are registered trademarks of Bentley Systems, Incorporated. InRoads Bridge, InRoads Site, InRoads Storm & Sanitary, InRoads Survey, are trademarks of Bentley Systems, Incorporated. Adobe and Acrobat are registered trademarks of Adobe Systems Incorporated. AutoCAD is a registered trademark of Autodesk, Inc. MicroStation, InterPlot, and ProjectWise are registered trademarks of Bentley Systems, Incorporated. Microsoft, Windows, and Windows NT are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. NT is a trademark of Northern Telecom Limited. All other brands and product names are trademarks of their respective owners.

Table of Contents

1 Introducing InRoads Survey...................................................................... 1 InRoads Survey and the Bentley InRoads Product Suite............................ 2 InRoads Survey: What’s New? ...................................................................... 2 About Your Documentation........................................................................... 3 Product Training: Learn It Your Way .......................................................... 4

Instructor-Led Courses............................................................................ 5 Training Subscriptions ............................................................................ 5 Self-Paced Learning................................................................................. 5 Virtual Classrooms .................................................................................. 5 On-site Training ...................................................................................... 6 Workshops................................................................................................ 6

Typeface Conventions Used in InRoads Survey Documentation................ 6 What You Need to Know Before Working with InRoads Survey ................ 7

2 Getting Started.............................................................................................. 9 In Windows NT 4.0, Windows 2000, and Windows XP ............................... 9

CAD Package Requirements ................................................................... 9 Downloading from the CD..................................................................... 10 Downloading Across the Network......................................................... 10 Starting InRoads Survey....................................................................... 10 Exiting InRoads Survey ........................................................................ 11

3Using InRoads Survey ................................................................................ 13 An Overview................................................................................................. 13 Basic Concepts in InRoads Survey ............................................................. 14

Digital Terrain Model............................................................................ 14 Table of Contents i


ii Table of Contents

Types of DTM Display ........................................................................... 15 Symbology .............................................................................................. 17 Features in the DTM ............................................................................. 21 Preferences............................................................................................. 35 Locks....................................................................................................... 46 Feature Filter Lock................................................................................ 46 Style Lock............................................................................................... 49 Write Lock.............................................................................................. 50 Pencil/Pen Mode..................................................................................... 51 Delete Ink Lock...................................................................................... 54 Locate Graphics/Features ..................................................................... 56 Point/Element/No Snap Lock ............................................................... 56 Station Lock ........................................................................................... 57 Report Lock ........................................................................................... 57

General InRoads Survey Review ................................................................ 58 Download/Upload................................................................................... 58 Import..................................................................................................... 58 Export..................................................................................................... 59 Projection of Geographic Coordinate Systems ..................................... 59 Feature-Driven Processing.................................................................... 59 Interactive Graphics Review/Editing ................................................... 60 Survey Adjustments .............................................................................. 61 Construction and As-Built Surveys ...................................................... 61 Integration ............................................................................................. 62 Comprehensive Data Structure ............................................................ 62

Getting Around in InRoads Survey ............................................................ 65 Using the Interface ................................................................................ 65 Menus ..................................................................................................... 71 Menus and Application Add-Ins ........................................................... 72

Using the Online Help System ................................................................... 82 Bentley InRoads Suite Help Topics ...................................................... 82

4 Looking at InRoads Survey Workflows ................................................. 85

5 Setting Up InRoads Survey ...................................................................... 87 Overview ...................................................................................................... 87 Before Getting Started ................................................................................ 87

Loading Your Files ................................................................................ 87

Table of Contents

Table of Contents iii

Setting Options ...................................................................................... 88 Turning on Toolbars .............................................................................. 91 Attaching a Feature Table .................................................................... 91

6 Reducing Survey Data............................................................................... 95 Overview ...................................................................................................... 95 Before Getting Started ................................................................................ 95

Loading Your Files ................................................................................ 95 Importing Survey Data.......................................................................... 95 Correcting and Adjusting Data............................................................. 97 Adding Codes Not in Feature Table ..................................................... 97 Finding and Replacing Code Errors ................................................... 100 Visual Discrepancies ........................................................................... 101 Creating and Reviewing the DTM ...................................................... 103 Displaying Surface Contours .............................................................. 105 Saving the DTM................................................................................... 108 Saving Fieldbook Data ........................................................................ 108 Saving a Geometry File ....................................................................... 108

7 Using the Survey Feature Table............................................................ 109 Overview .................................................................................................... 109 Before Getting Started .............................................................................. 109

Loading Your Files .............................................................................. 109 Creating a New Feature...................................................................... 110 Assigning Attributes............................................................................ 112 Building a Custom Operation ............................................................. 113

8 Using the Global Feature Filter ............................................................ 117 Overview .................................................................................................... 117 Before Getting Started .............................................................................. 117

Loading Your Files .............................................................................. 117 Creating a New Feature Filter ........................................................... 118 Saving Survey Data to a New Surface................................................ 120 Saving Survey Data to New Geometry............................................... 121


iv Table of Contents

9 Making Survey Adjustments .................................................................. 123 Overview .................................................................................................... 123 Before Getting Started .............................................................................. 123

Loading Your Files .............................................................................. 123 Setting up a Single Route Traverse.................................................... 124 Running Compass, Crandall, or Transit Adjustments ...................... 126 Preparing Reports................................................................................ 128 Saving Reports..................................................................................... 129 Saving Your Graphics.......................................................................... 130

1 Introducing InRoads Survey

Welcome to InRoads Survey™! The latest survey software by Bentley Systems, InRoads Survey is the ultimate link between electronic survey and computer-aided design (CAD). Developed with the field technician in mind, InRoads Survey was designed to provide surveyors with a set of simple but effective tools to integrate electronic field books (EFBs) and global positioning system (GPS) longitude/latitude data into the CAD environment. These tools allow you to visually verify your survey data and make corrections onsite -- conserving valuable time and improving your production process. Developed using the familiar Microsoft Windows® standards, InRoads Survey runs on the Windows NT 4.0, Windows 2000 Professional, and Windows XP Professional operating systems.

With InRoads Survey, you can continue using the computer-aided design (CAD) platform with which you are familiar. When starting the product, you can select AutoCAD® 2002 or 2004, or MicroStation® V8 2004 Edition as your CAD engine. This multiple CAD environment is a hallmark feature of civil engineering solutions by Bentley Systems.

Introducing InRoads Survey 1



InRoads Survey and the Bentley InRoads Product Suite

InRoads Survey is a member of the Bentley InRoads product suite.

In fact, the InRoads product suite includes six civil engineering products:

InRoads Survey helps surveyors transfer electronic field book data into the graphics environment.

InRoads provides complete solutions from field to design to construction for the transportation professional.

InRail provides advanced production tools for track layout and railway design.

InRoads Site provides site design and digital terrain modeling, lot layout, and geometry for civil-works, environmental, and site-development projects.

InRoads Bridge helps bridge design professionals define geometry and model complex, continuous-span bridges or simple span bridges.

InRoads Storm and Sanitary is the first software to offer an integrated package for storm water and sanitary sewer design, combining the power of CAD with proven analytical tools and enhanced interactive graphics.

InRoads Survey: What’s New? In the release, InRoads Survey includes the following new or enhanced features:

Survey. Several changes to the workflow and software interface are included. The performance

Introducing InRoads Survey


of the software is enhanced for use with larger data sets. Survey Feature Filter now allows for segregation of survey data. Survey Feature Table has changed with an update to the interface. The following new Control Codes are added: Random, Cross Section, and Add to Adjustment Set. Functionality of the Fieldbook has been enhanced. A new Projection system has also been added.

Files. The ProjectWise Folder is now included with Project Defaults. Several data file locations were added to Project Defaults: structures.dat, rainfall data, drafting notes, XML data, and stylesheets. The ProjectWise Organizer now allows you check in and out InRoads data files. See the InRoads Suite Help for more details.

Tools. To enhance reporting, XSL styles sheets have been added. Report Browser now includes XML Reports, and allows default style sheets to be defined for each type of report. Report Browser saves to ANSI versus Unicode. It also recognizes the difference between HTML and Text output when files are saved. Symbology now sets Weight for Points

Help. Introductory tutorials are now available online in InRoads Suite Help. Matching data sets are delivered with the product.

Experienced users will continue to find advanced programming features such as the Run Macro command that allows software customization for specialized environments.

About Your Documentation To assist the beginning through advanced user, InRoads Survey provides four complementary forms of documentation



Tutorial. This introductory material provides step-by-step instructions for learning how to reduce and make adjustments to survey data. Delivered with the product in HyperText Markup Language (HTML) format, the tutorial is available online within InRoads Suite Help. The associated data set is automatically delivered with the product.

Working With InRoads Survey. Available, by free download (for SELECTservices customers), as an Adode® Acrobat® Portable Document Format (PDF) file, this document contains information on getting started, learning the InRoads Survey interface, common design workflows, the introductory tutorial, and associated data set. This document is available to all customers in printed form by purchase only.

InRoads Suite Help. Delivered with the product in HTML format, this comprehensive online reference material consists of help topics that detail each command and dialog box parameter within the product.

InRoads Survey 2004 Edition Reference Guide. Available, by free download (for SELECTservices customers), in PDF format. This document contains all InRoads Survey help topics. It is available to all customers in printed from by purchase only.

Product Training: Learn It Your Way In addition to the documentation provided with your software, the InRoads product suite, in conjunction with the Bentley Institute, offers various levels and methods of product training.

Instructor-Led Courses

A full range of educational opportunities to learn the InRoads products is available. Select a course through



the Bentley Institute to secure a guaranteed a Certified Trainer and approved course materials.

Standard courses are offered at various times throughout the year. You can also schedule a custom class to be held at any Bentley Systems facility that offers a training center. For training facility information or a complete listing of training courses, visit the Bentley Systems website at http://bentleyinstitute.bentley.com/. Standard InRoads product suite courses include:

InRoads Basics InRoads Site Basics InRoads Storm & Sanitary Basics InRoads Survey Basics InRoads Bridge Basics InRail Basics

Training Subscriptions

For an efficient approach to product training, Bentley Institute offers unlimited training for a fixed annual fee through the Enterprise Training Subscription program. For more information, visit: http://bentleyinstitute.bentley.com/subscriptions/.

Self-Paced Learning

A noted benefit of the Enterprise Training Subscription program is the self-paced learning option. This program allows subscribers to utilize self-study courseware to learn how to use Bentley products at their own pace.

Virtual Classrooms

For lecture-style training, select a course offered as a virtual classroom over the world, wide, web. These courses are offered at no charge for a limited time, and provide an efficient way to get specific production questions answered.



On-site Training

On-site training can consist of the standard course offerings on InRoads products or customized training. Customized training often meets the needs of those customers whose training requirements exceed our standard offerings. You determine the content of the course based on your requirements. You can use your data and specific workflow - utilizing our industry experts to help meet production and design deliverables.

Workshops

Bentley Institute also offers targeted workshop training. For managers in the production environment, these workshops demonstrate process-oriented workflows to improve productivity. Technical workshops include hands-on exercises that allow these professional to put these production concepts into practice.

Typeface Conventions Used in InRoads Survey Documentation

ALL CAPS

Keyboard keys

If keys are separated by a comma, press them in sequence. For example: ALT,F5. If they are joined by a plus sign, press them at the same time.

For example: CTRL+z. Bold Unserifed Type

An item in the graphical interface, such as the title of a dialog box or a tool. Paths through menus use right angle brackets between items you click.

For example: Click File > Open to load a file.



Courier Type

Information you type.

For example: Type FeatureAudit in the dialog box field.

Italic type A document or section title, the first occurrence of a new or special term, directory and file names, or information about what the software is doing.

For example: The civil.ini file contains preference settings.

What You Need to Know Before Working with InRoads Survey

InRoads Survey is a basic design package, which allows you to become productive in a short time. The documentation and tutorial in InRoads Survey assume that you have:

A basic understanding of the computer operating system

The ability to move around in the Windows environment

Working understanding of your CAD system

General knowledge of electronic fieldbook and general surveying terms



1 Getting Started

InRoads Survey can be installed on Intel-based hardware using the Windows NT 4.0, Windows 2000 Professional, or Windows XP operating system. The following instructions assume that you have already installed one of these operating systems on your machine. You must also have installed CAD software on your machine. InRoads Survey will run on AutoCAD 2002 or 2002, and MicroStation V8 2004 Edition. See the CAD Package Requirements section that matches your operating system for a list of software tools.

In Windows NT 4.0, Windows 2000, and Windows XP

This section details what you need to efficiently run InRoads Survey.

CAD Package Requirements

CAD software (one of the following): AutoCAD, version 2002/20004, or MicroStation V8 2004 Edition.

Pentium or AMD Athlon, 333 Mhz or more recommended.

128MB RAM or more recommended.

Getting Started 9


10 Getting Started

80 MB hard disk space minimum, 200MB or more recommended.

Internet Explorer 5 or better. Internet Explorer 6.0 is required to view XML Reports. Cipher Strength, 128-bit (for digital rights).

VGA or better.

Access to a CD-ROM drive or Internet.

Mouse or compatible digitizer for input.

Compatible plotter or printer for output (optional).

Downloading from the CD

Prior to installing InRoads Survey, make sure you have exited all other civil engineering software. In Windows 2000, the setup program automatically starts when the CD is loaded. If Autoplay is not enabled on your system, follow the steps below.

1. Insert the CD in your CD-ROM drive.

2. From the Start menu, click Run.

3. In the Run dialog box, type d:\install.html, where d: is the letter assigned to your CD-ROM drive.

4. Click OK and follow the instructions on the screen.

Downloading Across the Network

If you are downloading InRoads Survey across a local area network, mount the shared network CD drive and double-click on install.html from the InRoads Explorer or File Manager. Or, navigate to the product directory and run Setup.exe.

Starting InRoads Survey

Once you have successfully downloaded the software, you are ready to start the product.

Getting Started

1. From the Start menu, click Start > Programs > Bentley Civil Engineering > InRoads Survey.

2. MicroStation users must first select a design file. Navigate to a design file or demonstration directory and select a file or create a new one.

AutoCAD automatically opens with a default drawing file at startup.

The InRoads Survey menu is displayed in the Explorer.

You have successfully installed InRoads Survey and opened a drawing/design file.

Exiting InRoads Survey

To exit InRoads Survey and leave the CAD software running, select File > Exit from the InRoads Survey menu.

To exit InRoads Survey and the CAD software, select File > Exit from the CAD main menu. If you exit the CAD software prior to exiting InRoads Survey, the product will also exit. You are prompted to save any open files.

Getting Started 11


12 Getting Started

1 Using InRoads Survey

An Overview From transferring data from the data collector through final creation of planimetric and topographic drawings, InRoads Survey provides the tools you need to complete your surveying projects. In addition, several new add-in applications are available to assist you in completing other surveying production tasks. The advanced programming tools offer ways to customize your work environment to accomplish unique tasks or meet customer deliverables.

Starting with fieldbook data, you can do the following:

1. Graphically represent the base map ground surface, topographic features, and property boundaries. Display and analyze surface contours, slope vectors and other terrain data.

2. Review existing or legacy plans to identify new controls.

3. Transfer field survey data to the CAD environment. Use the feature table to define drawing instructions and attributes.

4. Edit and reduce survey data.

5. Customize annotation placement and use feature attributes to scale features.

Using InRoads Survey 13



6. Adjust the processed survey data.

7. Prepare and plot final topographic drawings. The results of your project can be stored for future use and integrated with other civil engineering and GIS industry solutions.

Basic Concepts in InRoads Survey There are a few concepts to review prior to using InRoads Survey. Some of these concepts are tools that provide more flexibility in the way you work, such as customized toolbars. Others are simply ways of thinking about features, preferences and symbology: how they interact with each other and how they function within the DTM. The next several topics discuss basic concepts in InRoads Survey.

Digital Terrain Model

A computerized model of a 3-D ground surface is a visual representation of triangle and point data. This data, in x,y,z numerical coordinates, defines the Digital Terrain Model (DTM), also commonly referred to as a surface.

Using InRoads Survey

In InRoads Survey the DTM remains an integral and important part of your project. Feature data resides in the DTM and profiles, cross-sections, volumes and other design analysis and computations are performed on the data in the DTM. This functionality allows you to place features, execute commands, view surface properties, make design modifications all in the design surface. The DTM requires fewer interactions with graphical menus and dialog boxes while expanding the function and definition of the traditional design feature.

Types of DTM Display



In the InRoads Survey project, surface representation and features can be displayed in two different views or modes: 3-D Planimetric and Profile.

• 3-D planimetric view, commonly referred to as plan, is a top-level aerial view of the entire surface.

This view allows you to see any of the point types (random, breakline, contour, and so on) in the digital terrain model.

• Profile is an extracted side view of the vertical elevation of a surface along a user-defined line. A legend, correlating surface line symbology, surface name and the scale used on the profile, can also be displayed.



Together, these display modes allow you to view, evaluate, and design your project from various important perspectives. Features in the DTM can be represented in one view or all of these views.

Symbology

Symbology (line style, weight, color and so on) can be defined for any surface feature. Uniquely specifying symbology for objects or features allows for quick identification within the model as well as uniformity across the project. In InRoads Survey, symbology can be set in two ways: named symbology using the Symbology Manager and basic command-level symbology.

Named Symbology with Symbology Manager The Tools > Symbology Manager allows you to define and name symbology settings for surface objects and features. These settings, along with many other preference settings, are stored in the civil.ini preference file. This customizable file contains basic default settings, including predefined symbology, and is delivered when you install InRoads Survey. These predefined symbology settings are displayed when you access Symbology Manager.

By clicking New, you can define additional symbology.



New symbology is first given a name. Providing a name allows you to associate the symbology with a feature or object and later reference the symbology by this name.

By double-clicking on an item or selecting the item and clicking the Edit button, you can set symbology for lines, text, and points in one or both of the views.



Once you have defined symbology for more than one representation (line, point or text) or for more than one view (plan, profile or cross section), you actually have a set of symbology. In Symbology Manager, you create named symbology sets.

Defined symbology is considered initialized after you click OK. Default symbology applies when specific symbology for Plan, Profile or Cross Section is not



defined. If default symbology is not defined, the system settings delivered with InRoads Survey will apply.

Named symbology can only be created and modified using the Symbology Manager command.

Command-level Symbology While InRoads Survey provides the opportunity to name symbology, you are not required to do so. You may continue to select local symbology at anytime during the project using the Edit button that appears on most dialog boxes. For example, Surface > View Surface > Triangles.




Once you have selected symbology for a specific command, the settings can be saved to a preferences file for future use.

Features in the DTM

In InRoads Survey, features are key to the design process. A feature, is a unique instance of an item or 3-D entity that is represented in the DTM by lines, points, or text. A line is actually a linear segment. Points can be represented as symbols or cells. Annotation is considered text. The following are examples of common road design features:

• A single random point

• A single interior boundary

• A flowline

• A single curb line

• A single utility (pipe, pole, manhole)

• A collection of utilities (poles, manholes)

A feature then is any single component that is part of the DTM. Further, for features such as random points, you can store more than one random point feature type in a DTM. This flexibility allows you to control the display of the random points in the surface separately from other features, such as manholes.

In InRoads Survey features can be created or imported into the DTM with a level of “intelligence”; that is, they know what they are and how they are to display.

Intelligent Features Whether you begin your design by using Surface > Design Surface > Place Feature or File > Import > Surface, you can indicate what a feature is before it becomes a part of the active surface. You can provide a feature name and description, select a feature style, indicate the


point type, and specify whether or not it is to be triangulated.


All of this information is associated with the feature and available for quick reference once it becomes a part of the surface.

The key to working with features in the surface is determining how the features will display. How a feature is represented and where it displays can be specified by a style. Feature styles are created and organized by the Feature Style Manager.

Feature Styles with Feature Style Manager A style uniquely defines how a feature is represented and determines the symbology for its display. Once defined, the style is one-to-many; meaning any one style can be used to display many features. For example, a feature style for centerline could be used for both the roadway centerline as well as for any other secondary road centerline.


When you select Tools > Feature Style Manager, any predefined styles currently in the civil.ini preference file are displayed.

Click New to create additional styles.



A feature style includes a unique name, description (optional) and named symbology. Here, you can choose a named symbology that was predefined for this feature style; modify an existing named symbology and rename it; or create a new one.



Optionally, you can type more details about the feature style in the Pay Item field and specify how the feature is to be represented in the graphic view (as a line segment, point, annotation or attached tag). For example, to see the features using this style displayed in cross section, turn on Points in the Cross Section Display section.



Newly created feature styles are listed in the Feature Style Manager and stored in the civil.ini file.



Feature styles can be created or modified from any of the Style buttons that appear on most Surface > Design Surface commands.



View Surface Features

Features that are a part of the active surface can be displayed for review. To see the features, use the Surface > View Surface > Features command.



After choosing a surface, you can select individual features from the list, select all of the features or click Filter to build a feature selection set to view.



Viewing Surface Features using the Feature Selection Filter

The Filter option on the View Feature dialog box is a shortcut to the Surface > Feature > Feature Selection Filter command. This command allows you to quickly specify a feature selection set.



By clicking Save As, the filtered selection-set can be saved and associated with a name for future reference.



When you click OK, selected features are listed in the View Features dialog box. When you click Apply, these features are displayed.

Note Before OK is applied, make sure the Feature Filter Lock is on. If the filter lock is not on, filters are not applied. Turn on this lock by clicking Tools > Locks > Feature Filter Lock.

Once features are in the surface, you can display and modify feature properties.



Feature Properties

The Surface > Feature > Feature Properties command allows you to edit feature properties. Use this command to change the feature name, modify the description or style, and set the criteria for triangulation. You can take action against all features in the surface, against a filtered feature-selection set, or against selected features.

Once features are defined or modified and displayed, you can annotate them within the design file.



Annotating Features

The View Surface > Annotate Feature command allows you to annotate features within the DTM.

Click Apply to display the annotation.



Preferences

Preferences allow you to define everything from general operating parameters (like units of measure, decimal places to display, stationing format, and symbology) to specific instructions as to which settings apply to a particular design surface. In InRoads Survey, preferences are now a flexible system that could be considered as a single group of information that is simply defined in four different ways:

Preferences

BasicPreferences

PreferenceManager

SurfacePreferences

PreferredPreferences

Basic Preferences Basic preferences are settings that are defined at the command level. These values are set on the individual command dialog box located on most InRoads Survey menus.



Basic preferences govern general operating parameters such as units of measure, stationing format, decimal places, local symbology, and so on.

Settings that have been selected across the various tab options can all be saved to a preference set. Preferences are stored in the civil.ini file. When you want these configured settings for a particular design session, you can load the saved file from the Preferences dialog box. At start up, all available preference files currently in the civil.ini are listed here:



You can create or modify basic preferences at any time from the Preferences dialog box.

Preference Manager You could set basic preferences for every command under each InRoads Survey menu, as previously mentioned:

Or, you could globally set all of these values (in addition to other detailed settings required by some commands) in one place at one time, using the Tools > Preference Manager command. Previously known as the Preference Editor, Preference Manager now acts as the global editor that allows you to specify preferences across InRoads Survey.



In Preference Manager, begin by entering a Preference name. Here, you could type a unique name for a new preference set, or you could select an existing preference set from the list (any setting change will modify the set).



Notice that in the Status field, it is indicated whether or not a preference object has already been defined for this preference set (either at the command dialog box or in Symbology Manager). If initialized is displayed, preferences for the object have already been defined; however, you can modify the settings here and associate them with the new preference set. This is helpful if you want to standardize preferences across a design session or meet a specialized customer deliverable.

To set preferences, double-click on an object (or select it and click Edit).



When you have selected and saved all of the preferences, click Close to dismiss Preference Manager:

Named preferences are saved and stored in the civil.ini file.

Surface Preference A surface preference is a named preference that you want to associate with a surface. When a preference is associated with a surface, all of the settings and display characteristics that were previously defined will be active for the surface.

Note The Tools > Locks > Style command must be on. If Style Lock is not on, the basic preferences from the command dialog box will apply.


A surface preference can be specified when creating a surface with the File > New > Surface command.


In addition, you can change surface preferences at any time during a design session using the Surface > Surface Properties command.

If, during a design session, you choose a different surface preference, use the Surface > Update 3-D/Plan Surface Display command to refresh the graphic display with the new preferences.

Preferred Preference The preferred preference is the default global preference set. At start up, the preferred preference is the system Default (these are selected settings delivered with



InRoads Survey). If you have created a named preference set and desire to have it as the default, access the Tools > Options > General tab.

When specifying a preferred preference, if the Refresh Command Settings on Preference Change toggle is on, all of the InRoads Survey commands that are affected by the preference change are updated to reflect the new preference settings. If a command dialog box does not have a named preference corresponding to the preferred preference, the system defaults continue to apply for that dialog box.



Click Apply to activate the preferred preference.



Locks

In InRoads Survey, there are several lock features that work together with Symbology Manager, Preference Manager, and Feature Style Manager to streamline your required interaction with the software.

For quick access to the lock commands, select Tools > Locks > Toolbar:

Feature Filter Lock

The Feature Filter lock works in conjunction with the Surface > Feature > Feature Selection Filter command to automatically make available a filtered feature-selection set. When a selection set is created using the Feature Selection Filter command, it is given a name for future use.



Not only is the feature-selection set saved to the civil.ini file, the name assigned to the set is listed in the Feature Filter List located on the Locks toolbar.

When the Feature Filter toggle is turned on, these selection sets are now exclusively available for display without any further interaction with the Feature Selection Filter command dialog box.



Subsequently, when the Surface > View Surface > Features command is selected, only those feature types specified in the selection set are available for display.

Click Apply to display the features in the surface. Or, you could use the Locate button to identify features (of the filtered type) by datapoint in the surface.

Note When the Feature Filter lock is off, defined feature selection sets are not available or applied.



Style Lock

The Style lock works together with Preferences, Preference Manager and Feature Style Manager to automatically display global preference settings and defined features styles. As previously detailed, preference settings are defined at the local command dialog box or globally in the Preference Manager.

Feature styles are created and named using the Tools > Feature Style Manager > New command, and are listed in Feature Manager.



Once preferences and feature styles have been defined, you can turn on the Style lock toggle to have these settings automatically display during the design session, without any further interaction with command dialog boxes.

When the Style lock is on and a command is selected, data preferences are active and displayed; no dialog box is presented. When Style lock is off, each time a command is selected a dialog box is presented allowing you to define display preference and style.

This command allows you to reduce required interaction with InRoads Survey commands.

Write Lock

The Write lock generates graphics in one of two modes: display and write or display only.

During a design session, when the Write lock toggle is on, graphics created by each command are displayed in the CAD views and are written to the active design/drawing file. In this mode, you can use any of the CAD windowing functions to access a different view of the data, or the editing commands to modify the data.

During a design session, when Write lock is toggled off, all graphics are generated in the display-only mode. This means the generated graphics are only displayed in one or more CAD views, but are not written to the active design/drawing file. In this mode, using any of the CAD windowing commands will remove the graphics from the



view because the elements have not been written to the design file. In addition, because the elements do not actually exist in the active design/drawing file, you cannot edit or modify display-only graphics.

Designing with Write lock off is useful when you need to view large amounts of terrain model data and then quickly remove that data from the screen. Since the display-only mode does not write graphics to the active design/drawing file, you can decrease design file size and increase the speed in which all graphics display in the CAD views using this mode.

In InRoads Survey Write lock works in conjunction with the Pencil/Pen mode. When Write lock is toggled on, it activates the additional Pencil/Pen mode.

Pencil/Pen Mode

When graphics are generated and written to the design/drawing file, the Pencil/Pen mode is available. These modes are an enhancement to the Write lock feature in that they allow you to write to the design/drawing file in either temporary or permanent form. This idea is similar to drawing on a sheet of paper with pen or pencil. When writing in pencil, you can quickly erase a drawing to remove it. In contrast, writing in ink (pen) is a more permanent form that must be deleted to be removed. Similarly, in InRoads Survey graphics written in pencil are not retained between iterations of display, and graphics written in ink are retained each time the object is displayed.

For example, if you turn on Pencil mode and select the InRoads Survey Surface > View Surface > Perimeter command, the graphic is displayed and written to the CAD design/drawing file.



Then, using a CAD manipulation command, such as Move you relocate the graphic. Next, select Surface > View Surface > Perimeter to display it again. The previous graphic is “erased” and only the most recent graphic appears.

Note The Pencil/Pen mode that is active when the graphic is initially displayed determines whether or not it is erased when it is redisplayed.



Graphics written in Pencil mode are retained only until the next time the same graphic is selected for display.

Note During a design session in Pencil mode, there may be an occasion where you do not want pencil graphics to automatically be erased. To override this action, select the Tools > Options > General tab. For Category, select Settings and turn on the Omit Automatic Graphics Refresh toggle. All graphics, written in pencil or ink, will be retained until you manually delete them.

In contrast, if in Pen mode you select Surface > View Perimeter, the graphic is displayed and written to the design/drawing file.

Then, using the CAD Move command, you relocate the graphic. Next, select Surface > View Surface > Perimeter again. Both graphics appear. The first is retained because it was written in ink, the second appears because it is the most recent.



All graphics written in Pen mode are retained until they are deleted. Graphics can be manually removed using the CAD Delete command or by activating the InRoads Survey Delete Ink lock.

Delete Ink Lock

The Delete Ink lock is available when Write lock is on. Turn on this toggle to quickly remove all graphics that were previously written in ink.

For example, if you have three iterations of a graphic that was written in ink, all three graphics appear in the design/drawing file.



Then, if you turn on the Delete Ink lock and select the command again, only the current graphic is displayed.

All of the previously displayed graphics are deleted. To override the Delete Ink lock, select the Tools > Options > General tab. For Category, select Settings and turn on the Omit Automatic Graphics Refresh toggle. All graphics, written in pencil or ink, will be retained until you manually delete them.



Locate Graphics/Features

During an InRoads Survey design session, you create, edit and manipulate objects in two different environments: the CAD design/drawing file and the DTM model surface. Objects located in the CAD design/drawing file are referred to as graphics. Objects located in the DTM model (design surface) are referred to as features. The Locate Graphics/Locate Features mode lets you quickly specify the environment from which to select objects.

Note While an alignment (*.alg) is another way to manipulate objects during a design session, the geometry data in the alignment is not accessible from the Locate Graphics/Locate Features command.

Point/Element/No Snap Lock

This lock is a three-way toggle that allows you to specify the snap mode when working with geometry data.

• Point Snap. This lock allows you to snap onto any point contained in the geometry project. This mode is helpful when placing geometry elements. For example, if you want to input point data into a dialog box, toggle this lock on and place a data point in the design file. InRoads Survey will find the closest point and display the point data in the dialog box.

• Element Snap. This lock allows you to snap or lock onto any geometry element (any object that would require multiple data points to define) in the geometry project. This mode is helpful when using the direction, distance, length, radius, and/or angle



of an existing geometry element to design a new element. When this lock is on, InRoads Survey snaps to the element nearest the data point you place in the design file

• No Snap. This mode disables both point and element snap.

Station Lock

This on/off lock is applicable only when the first station specified on the horizontal alignment is an odd-numbered station (for example, 2+39) and you are generating cross sections, executing the roadway modeler, or generating station type reports. When this lock is turned on, InRoads Survey applies a given command action to the first station, and then forces all subsequent actions to even-numbered stations. For example, if the first station 2+39 and the station interval is defined as 50, InRoads Survey performs the command action at stations 2+39, 2+50, 3+00, and so on. When the Station lock is turned off and the first station is odd-numbered, InRoads Survey applies the command action to odd-numbered stations only (for example, 2+39, 2+89, 3+39) and so on.

Report Lock

This on/off lock is used by several commands to control whether or not the output displays in a dialog box as the command calculations are performed. If this lock is off, the command processes and stores results without displaying them in an output dialog box.




General InRoads Survey Review While InRoads Survey includes expanded functionality in several areas, many of the software’s standard features remain.

Download/Upload

InRoads Survey supports most data collectors commonly used today. You can easily import data, adjust it by the required method, and export it to data collectors to set calculated points or provide comparison data for resurveys. Bentley System’s downloading/uploading utility, InRoads Comm-IT™, provides automated two-way communication between your computer and the collector via serial port communications. You can download/upload data from the following data collectors:

• TDS (on HP48GX or Husky)

• Sokkia SDR33 and SDR2x

• SMI (on HP48GX)

• Leica TCx05 instruments

• Wild GIF10

• Geodimeter 500 and 600

• Geodimeter 400

• Geodimeter 402

An ASCII transfer is provided to allow download/upload from data collectors that do not have a specific protocol. See Import/Export for common file types.

Import

InRoads Survey supports most frequently used file formats and allows you to import data from the following sources:

• Sokkia SDR series



• SMI Raw

• Topcon FC4

• LISCAD

• Wild GRE

• Geodimeter

• Tripod Data Systems (TDS)

• Zeiss REC500

• Nikon

• AASHTO SDMS

• KORK

• Bentley Systems MGE-ETI .fbk and .fld

InRoads Survey allows you to use the Text Import Wizard to import ASCII coordinate data from other sources. The Text Import Wizard allows you to train the software to support other ASCII file formats.

Export

InRoads Survey allows you to create customized reports of point names and coordinates. Contact Bentley Systems for information regarding custom parsers.

Projection of Geographic Coordinate Systems

InRoads Survey features give you the freedom to import and convert GPS data with latitude/longitude. You can project geographic coordinates to your choice of coordinate systems.

Feature-Driven Processing

Feature-driven processing allows you define features and control codes in a feature table to transform, reduce, and store data in the project database. When DTMs and alignments are created, they are also



accessible. These features can be used downstream with other Bentley Systems civil engineering products or exported to Bentley System’s GIS applications, GeoMedia®, and MGE. You can also:

• Produce planimetric and topographic drawings from feature codes and feature attributes defined in the feature table.

• Predefine features to reflect intelligent symbology placement and annotation; to join features connected with lines, arcs, and more; and to rotate text and symbols to conform to lines and arcs.

• Add feature codes in the field as new features are encountered.

• Relate multiple codes to the same feature. For example, a symbol for a deciduous tree can have multiple codes (aliases) such as dogwood, sugar maple, and pecan.

• Use AutoCAD blocks and MicroStation cells.

• Control the symbology for text, lines, adjustments, and planimetrics.

• Control text placement and use advanced techniques such as feature attribute inclusion and spreadsheet-like macros.

Interactive Graphics Review/Editing

When editing tabular data in the field, InRoads Survey shows you the results immediately with the interactive graphics display. And as you edit the field data and/or feature table attributes, the associated graphics are updated. To further enhance accuracy, automated error trapping notifies you when code errors are detected and suggests solutions to errors. Other capabilities allow you to:

• Create a separate audit trail file to save and track all edits.



• View errors graphically and make corrections as data is imported or later using the Fieldbook Data command.

• Move, scale, and/or rotate data to allow data collected from assumed coordinates to be corrected to the true coordinates.

Survey Adjustments

InRoads Survey allows you to perform error adjustments on processed field data. You can make traverse adjustments, using Compass, Crandall, or Transit methodologies, as well as level and least squares adjustments. Least squares adjustments include approximate coordinate computations for network points and a full graphical display of closure results. You can make adjustments before applying the results to the data, and all information is automatically modified and posted to the field book as necessary.

Construction and As-Built Surveys

InRoads Survey lets you upload EFBs with construction survey data for project layout of control elevations, horizontal positions, dimensions, and configuration while construction is in progress. Data compatibility allows you to transfer road design data directly from InRoads, InRoads Site, and InRail to allow maximum flexibility for design stakeout.

With InRoads Survey, you can download EFBs with post-construction surveys (as-built surveys) for plotting the exact final location and layout of projects, and for providing positional verification and records that include design changes. This information can then be imported into other Bentley Civil Engineering products for further processing.

Integration



Easy integration into the civil engineering workflow, regardless of your preferred downstream application, allows InRoads Survey to work seamlessly with other Bentley Systems solutions for site design (InRoads Site), road design (InRoads), bridge modeling (InRoads Bridge), water resources (InRoads Storm & Sanitary), and railways (InRail). Bentley Systems civil engineering products are closely integrated, sharing identical DTM and geometric computations.

Bentley Systems offers unprecedented GIS/civil integration using InRoads Survey and GeoMedia (GIS software). Direct output to GeoMedia lets GIS professionals immediately utilize GPS and survey data for spatial analysis. Using a multidiscipline workflow, civil engineering and planning professionals can increase productivity and reduce costs through enhanced interoperability between survey and GPS, civil design, and GIS environments.

Comprehensive Data Structure

The data structure for InRoads Survey remains much more comprehensive than those of the CAD platforms on which it runs. It accommodates the intelligence needed to perform sophisticated 3-D design operations such as earthwork analysis, and profile generation. Its ability to maintain double-precision numbers is not dependent upon the CAD platform. As you place or locate design elements or coordinate geometry points, InRoads Survey tools accommodate double-precision input. Even graphical selection tools automatically snap to points and elements in your geometry project or surface with double-precision accuracy.

Horizontal Alignments Alignments continue to represent longitudinal features, such as centerlines, lanes, access ramps, and ditch



grade lines. The horizontal geometry of an alignment is designed separately. Alignments are designed using the geometry component of InRoads Survey, which has an array of features for locating points and designing the curvilinear geometry through them.

Evaluation InRoads Survey continues to provide tools to make preliminary evaluation of your model quick and simple. These tools allow you to do the following:

• Display triangles and view them from any angle.

• Produce contours and profiles to compare original surfaces with other surfaces.

• Compute volumes using the grid method.

Reports Reporting in InRoads Survey is flexible and comprehensive. You can produce reports on any data that you have created or manipulated in the course of a project. Such reports might include listings of coordinate geometry points, alignment clearances, and earthwork data. InRoads Survey also allows you to track your design activities. You can save your activities as report files or append them to other report files; they are invaluable for project documentation. All reports are generated in ASCII format for easy manipulation in a text editor or word processing program.

Visualization Designs produced with InRoads Survey can be used with visualization software to create photo-realistic images, which help your project team or client better visualize the design. Bentley Systems also complements InRoads Survey with a range of applications for editing and manipulating images to create photomontages or



video presentations. These capabilities help you prepare presentations for non-technical audiences.


Getting Around in InRoads Survey

Using the Interface

InRoads Survey utilizes the Windows Explorer environment for file management. It works like the Explorer in the Microsoft Windows environment. By either clicking the plus sign (+) in the square next to an item or double-clicking on the name, a subgroup of items displays just like a directory tree. The Explorer provides a quick view of files that have been loaded and are available in a working session.

From the InRoads Survey Explorer, you can “tear away” the left-pane Explorer tree, now referred to as the Workspace Bar:



There are several unique advantages of the Workspace Bar. First, major objects are represented by tabs at the bottom of the view. Each tab corresponds to a particular view of the overall hierarchy. Second, by clicking a tab, such as the Surfaces, you’ll see all (and only) the surface objects in the project.

Workspace Bar’s can be docked anywhere on the screen for easy access:

To return the Workspace Bar back to the Explorer, click and drag the box to the desired location or simply double-click on the workspace bar:

Once you are in the Explorer, you can drag and drop your InRoads Survey data directly from the Windows




Review the right-mouse click menu for additional file and mailing options.



The Explorer can be moved to a convenient location on the screen and make several common tasks faster and easier.

Accepting/Rejecting Solutions If MicroStation is your CAD platform and you are using the default mouse configuration, you accept an InRoads Survey solution by clicking the left mouse button. You reject an InRoads Survey solution by clicking the right mouse button.

If AutoCAD or is your CAD platform, you accept an InRoads Survey solution by clicking the right mouse button, by typing accept or a, or by pressing Enter. You reject an InRoads Survey solution by typing reject or r.

On both CAD platforms, you exit an InRoads Survey command by pressing Esc.

Using Access Control Access control allows you to share files among multiple users while controlling read-write access to the data. Using access control, you can essentially “lock” your




data so that another user cannot overwrite it while you are working on it. The other user can open the data (read-only access) but cannot make changes to it while you have it opened with read-write access. Likewise, if another user has some data opened with read-write access, your only option is to open the data with read-only access.

Access control works with individual horizontal alignments, the cogo buffer, and preference files. However, with preference files, you lock the entire file−not individual preferences.

To set the access status, right-mouse click the horizontal alignment, cogo buffer, or preference file in Explorer. When the menu appears, select either Read-Write or Read-Only. The status is reflected in Explorer.

For more information about access control, see the InRoads Suite Help.


Menus

The Explorer contains menus that are the primary source of interaction with InRoads Survey.



The menu titles are intuitive to a function of the design process. They help you navigate to groups of commands used for a specific task. A small right arrow by a command indicates an additional menu with commands.

Menus and Application Add-Ins

InRoads Survey is delivered with several additional software modules. When running InRoads Survey with additional civil applications, such as InRoads, several advanced features are delivered that allow you to complete specialized or advanced tasks, including data translation. To access these features, select Tools > Application Add Ins.



When running InRoads Survey, by default, these additional commands do not appear on the Survey menus because they are “turned off”. However, when you select these add-in applications, menus are dynamically updated and the commands are listed on the appropriate menu. Add-in applications can be turned on and off at anytime during a design session.

Customize Menus

You can also create customized InRoads Survey menus using the Tools > Customize >Command tab.



This command allows you to group specific commands together on a menu. First, select the menu on which to place the commands.

Then, drop and drag the selected command onto the menu. The command is added to the menu.



Customize Toolbars

With the Tools > Customize > Toolbars command, you can select predefined toolbars to display that provide quick access to frequently used commands. There are toolbars for specific groups of menu commands, such as View Surface.

Fit Surface

Update Surface Display

Inferred Breaklines

Crossing Segments

Two Point Slope

Annotate Features

Features

Contours

Triangles

Perimeter

Note Notice that the Fit Surface command is on the toolbar but not on this particular pull-menu. The command is added here for convenience: once you display various representations of the surface, you can quickly fit the surface in the view.



When running InRoads Survey with other civil engineering applications, such as InRoads, there are additional predefined toolbars for common design workflows. The commands on the workflow toolbars may not appear together on any one menu or all of the available commands may not appear, but several are grouped together on the toolbar for a specific function. For example, Design Roadway.

Express Roadway Modeler

Roadway Modeler

Copy Typical Section

Define Roadway

Define Typical Sections

If a predefined toolbar does not meet your design needs, you can create customized toolbars for unique workflows. Select Tools > Customize > Toolbars > New.

Click the Commands tab. Select commands from the list to drag and drop onto the toolbar.

With customized toolbars, you can step through the design process from surface creation to plan and profile sheet generation using a single toolbar.



Once toolbars are displayed, they can be moved to a convenient location on the screen or they can be “docked” onto the Explorer. To dock a toolbar, click and hold on the toolbar, drag it to the Explorer and release it. Docked toolbars remain in the Explorer until you delete them.

To remove a docked toolbar, click on it and drag it away from the Explorer and click the X button. Or, to remove all customized toolbars and menus, click Tools > Customize > Toolbars > Reset All.

Shortcut Keys to InRoads Survey Commands

Use the Tools > Customize > Keyboard tab to create new keystrokes to activate InRoads Survey commands.

You can create new shortcut keys or modify existing ones.

Customize Macros

The Text > Customize > Macros command provides access to external software programs that can be run within InRoads Survey. For example, you can click New to create a macro to run Notepad®, a Microsoft text editor, in a specific directory.



Click Browse to locate the Notepad executable. This automatically populates the command field. Then, specify the Argument (file on which to run the editor) and the initial directory (where the file is located).

Click Close. Now, the new macro appears in the Commands list. You can then drag and drop the new macro onto a toolbar or menu.

The Button Appearance dialog box appears. Select an icon to represent the macro.



The icon appears on the toolbar. Double-click the icon to start the command.

You can also use the Tools > Customize > Macros command to run advanced software programs created using the InRoads Survey Application Programming Interface (APIs). APIs give you direct access to the InRoads Survey alignment and surface data. See InRoads Suite Help for more information on customizing InRoads Survey with APIs.



Exporting Custom Settings

Once custom menus, toolbars and command-shortcut keys have been created, you can save all of the settings to a file for use in future design sessions. To access this command, select Tools > Customize > Export.

• Full Export – Use this option to save all custom settings.

• Partial Export – Turn on this option to individually choose which toolbars to save. You may also specify shortkeys, macros or both.

Importing Custom Settings

Previously defined settings can be imported for a current design session. To access these settings, select Tools > Customize > Import.



Click Browse to locate the settings file.



Using the Online Help System To display Help when InRoads Survey is active, click Help > Contents from the main menu.

Bentley InRoads Suite Help Topics

InRoads Survey is delivered with comprehensive online reference information for each command. This information is available through the InRoads Suite Help system. The Help topics include a brief overview of the command, a detailed description of the dialog box options, and a step-by-step workflow that shows how to use the command.

InRoads Survey allows you to design while integrated with other civil applications. In this environment, you




can access the online Help topics for these applications in addition to help topics for InRoads Survey.

Note If Help was not installed on your hard drive during setup, you must have the InRoads Survey CD in the CD-ROM drive or be connected to the network node containing the Help files.

Click the Contents tab to display the Contents page for InRoads Suite Help. This page is similar to a table of contents in that it lists everything that is available in the Help files. Double-click a file to display it. After reviewing a topic, you can close it or print it.

Click the Index tab to enter a command name, phrase, or word for which to search. This page is similar to a book index with items listed in alphabetical order. As you type a word, the list dynamically updates as the sorting feature narrows the search. Double-click the topic when it appears in the list, or click the Display button.

Click the Search tab to access a full-text retrieval search. Full-text retrieval allows you to search for specific words instead of alphabetized categories. First, the software builds a database of words from all available Help files. Once the database is compiled, you can search it for any key word. A workflow wizard steps you through this brief process. Double-click a located word or click the Display button to display the search results.

To display help topics for InRoads Survey outside of the product, from the Start menu, click Programs > Bentley Civil Engineering > Civil InRoads Suite Help.

InRoads Suite Help is context sensitive, which means that you can press F1 to display Help for the active



command or dialog box. You can also click the Help button on each dialog box.

1 Looking at InRoads Survey Workflows

The InRoads Survey streamline workflow can be applied to a variety of projects. The following workflow diagram represents paths that you can take through the application to complete a typical survey project.

For step-by-step instructions to complete this workflow, see Chapters 6-9.

Start

Transfer DataFrom Collector ?

Transfer Data From

Collector

EnterObservations

ResolveCodeErrors

EnterCoordinates

ResolveErrors/ModifyFeatures

Sa ve RevisedFeatureTable

Use TransferCommand to

In voke InRoadsComm -It

EnterSurvey

SelectCAD

SendStakeout Data

toCollector

OpenExistin g FW D

Job File

ImportRaw

Data File

AddCoordinates/

Observations?

Import RawData File?

Export Data to Collector ?

ResolveCode Errors?

ViewData

GenerateSurface

(If Required)

Display Contours/Rectangles

(If Required)

Use TransferCommand to

Invoke In RoadsComm -It

Sa veData Plot?

ProduceOutput

W rite SelectedGraphics to

DGN or DW GFile (Optional)

End

No

Yes

Yes

Yes

No

No

No

Yes

NoYes

No

Looking at InRoads Survey Workflows 85


86 Looking a InRoads Survey Workflows

Setting Up InRoads Survey

1

Overview InRoads Survey provides an efficient set of tools to produce finished survey plats, plans, and documents as well as deliverables for design purposes. Typically, the survey workflow begins with loading project files and the project feature table to run the product.

Before Getting Started Locate the tutorial data in the C:\Program Files\Bentley\Civil\Tutorials\Survey. Extract Survey1.exe.

Loading Your Files 1. Click Try it! to open a training window. 2. From C:\Program Files\Bentley\Civil\Tutorials\Survey

open the survey.dgn or survey.dwg. 3. To complete this topic, you must first attach the cell/block

library. The cell library, survey.cel, is delivered with the tutorial data. This file should be located in the \Tutorials\Survey directory. MicroStation users, from the main menu click Element > Cells > File > Attach and select survey.cel. AutoCAD users, insert the blocks located in the common directory.

4. Click the Preferences tab at the bottom of the Explorer. 5. Click the plus sign (+) next to Preferences. Notice that

there are two files listed. The civil.ini and wysiwyg.ini files were loaded when Survey started. To the right you should see three columns: File Name, Type, and Access Mode. The civil.ini file is labeled General and the wysiwyg.ini file is labeled Geometry.

Setting Up InRoads Survey 87


The General preference file contains items like the settings and levels or layers where contours are displayed. The Geometry preference settings are not changed by this program.

6. As a precautionary measure, Click Tools > Locks > Write to turn off the Write lock so that graphics are not accidentally written to the file.

Setting Options 1. InRoads Survey uses the working units as set in survey.fxp.

You can change the working units with the Survey Options dialog box. Click Tools > Survey Options.

2. Click Open to load options for this topic. 3. Set the Look in directory to \Tutorials\Survey. 4. Select Survey.fxp.

5. Click Open. The file opens immediately and the software returns you to the Survey Options dialog box.

6. On the General tab, under File Options, turn on Resolve Code Errors, Log Code Errors, and Add/Edit Audit Trail. These selections enable InRoads Survey to check for field data errors as files are imported, keep a log of any errors, and track any changes for your legal records.

88 Setting Up InRoads Survey


7. Click the Units tab. 8. Notice that Precision is set to 0.1234. Change Precision to

0.12345.

9. For Units, select DDD.MMSS.

Setting Up InRoads 89


10. To adjust the text on your graphics view, click the Symbology tab.

11. Under Object, select Text Point Codes. 12. Click Edit View. 13. For Text Height, type 10. 14. For Text Width, type 10.



attached before data is imported so that survey data can be viewed and interpreted correctly. 1. Click Survey > Feature Table. 2. From the File pulldown menu on the Feature Table dialog

box, click Open.

3. Set the Look in directory to \Tutorials\Survey. 4. Select Survey.fwf.

5. Click Open. The software opens the file immediately and returns you to the Feature Table dialog box. As you look at the feature table data, you’ll notice that each feature definition is associated with an alpha code and possibly a numeric code as well. These codes are a sort of shorthand used to enter point features in the field and to control lines within the graphics file. Feature tables will be addressed more thoroughly as we proceed through the Survey introductory tutorial. For detailed



information regarding feature tables, refer to the InRoads Survey Help topics.

6. Click Ok to dismiss the dialog box.

Setting Up InRoads 93



Reducing Survey Data 1 Overview

In this chapter you will work through a basic survey data reduction workflow. You will learn how to import raw data, resolve errors, create and review a DTM, and save your files.





4. Click Tools > Survey Options. Click Open to load an existing survey options files. Set the directory to \Tutorials\Survey. Select Survey.fxp. Click Open; then, Ok.

5. Click Survey > Feature Table. From the File pulldown menu, click Open to load an existing feature table. Set the directory to \Tutorials\Survey. Select Survey.fwf. Click Open. Click Ok to close the Feature Table dialog box.

Importing Survey Data 1. Click File > Import > Survey Data. 2. For Files of type, select TDS(*.rw5). 3. Set the Look in directory to \Tutorials\Survey. 4. Select Survey.rw5.

Reducing Survey Data 95


5. Click Import. The file you selected is imported. This process is very quick.

6. Click Close to dismiss the Import dialog box.

7. Because the Resolve Code Error option is turned on (this option is set on the Survey Options dialog box) the errors from the imported data are displayed and available for correction. However, for this topic, we will graphically correct the code errors later. Click Ignore All to dismiss the Resolve Code Error dialog box.

8. Click Save As on the Results dialog box. 9. For File name, type Errors. The software will

automatically attach the .txt extension when you save the file.

96 Reducing Survey Data

Reducing Survey Data

10. Click Save. 11. Click Close to dismiss the Results dialog box.

InRoads Survey automatically displays your graphics.

IMPORTANT: Since data has not been written to the graphics, the data displayed is temporary graphics. CAD commands like Zoom In, Zoom Out, Window Area, and Pan View work as normal CAD functions. MicroStation commands like Fit View do not work. When necessary, use the Survey > Fit View command. AutoCAD will allow the use of CAD commands for Zoom, because of Survey_temp.

Correcting and Adjusting Data At the time of data import, the software identified errors in the field data. Let’s take another look, and see what can be done to resolve an error.

Adding Codes Not in Feature Table 1. Click Survey > View Survey Data > Names. 2. Click Survey > View Survey Data > Errors. 3. Click Survey > Find Point in View. 4. For Point Name, type 430. 5. For Radius, type 100. On AutoCAD, type 40.

6. Click Apply, and then click Close.



7. There are two errors. One indicates that there is no code in

our feature table for Pecan. Let’s make this correction. Click Survey > Feature Table.

8. Under Feature definition, double-click on Deciduous Tree.

Under Alpha Code, click Add.



In the Add Alpha Code dialog box, type Pecan and click OK.

9. Scroll down the Alpha Code list. Notice that PECAN is now listed as an alias for deciduous tree on the Feature Edit dialog box.

10. Under Options, turn on the Place a Cell/Block at the Point option.

11. Click OK. 12. Scroll down the Results dialog box (you may have to

rearrange the screen display to view all of the dialog boxes) and notice that Pecan is now listed under Deciduous Tree.



13. Click Save As on the Results dialog box. 14. For File name, type FeatureAudit. 15. Click Save. 16. Click Close to dismiss the Results dialog box. 17. Notice your change is also reflected on the Feature Table

dialog box. From the File pulldown menu, click Save.

18. Click Ok to close the Feature Table dialog box. Next, locate and correct the remaining imported data error.

Finding and Replacing Code Errors A second error exists in the imported data revealing a code is not in the feature table. You will use an efficient and quick method to make the correction. 1. Click Survey > Fieldbook Data.



2. Select the Find and Replace Codes button.

3. Click Next Error. There is only one remaining error. 4. For Replace With, type BC. This will remove the incorrect

reference, STT . 5. Click Replace. 6. On the Results dialog, click Save As. 7. For File name, type FieldbookAudit. 8. Click Save; then, Close. 9. Close all dialog boxes.

Visual Discrepancies While the various methods in the software for resolving errors are valuable time saving tools, you should continue to visually examine your graphical data. In the following example, we’ve visually identified a discrepancy that wasn’t picked up by the software. 1. Click Survey > Find Point in View. 2. For Point Name, type 325. 3. For Radius, type 100. 4. Click Apply, and then click Close. 5. You may want to use your CAD tools to window in on the

area around point 325 to see your graphics more clearly. In the view, two ditch lines come together; however, there is a Top of Ditch line running across the area where the ditches meet. Please note that this is not an error and any change here is optional. For the purposes of the tutorial, you will change the codes to adjust the graphics while still maintaining the integrity of the survey data.

6. Click Survey > Fieldbook Data.



7. Click the Locate button to the right of the Observations list.

8. After the dialog box collapses, click point 325 in the graphics window.

9. Notice that under Observations, point 325 and related data are highlighted. Double-click on it.

10. Ensure Code is only BD1. Press TAB.

11. Click Apply; then, Close.



12. Append the changes to the FieldbookAudit.txt file. 13. Under Observations on the Fieldbook dialog box, highlight

point 326 and double-click. 14. Tab to Code and type TD1 ST TD3. 15. Click Apply and Close. 16. Append the changes to the FieldbookAudit.txt file; then,

close the Results dialog. 17. Notice that your changes are reflected and noted in the

fieldbook.

18. Click X to dismiss the Fieldbook Data dialog box. 19. If necessary, use your CAD tools to update the view.

As you look at your graphics, you will notice that the ditch lines now follow the top of the ditch rather than cutting across the bottom of the ditch.

Creating and Reviewing the DTM 1. Click Survey > View Survey Data, and turn off Names.



2. Click Survey > View Survey Data, and turn off Errors. 3. Click Survey > View Survey Data. Make sure that only

Planimetrics is turned on. 4. Click Survey > Fit View.

IMPORTANT: Be sure that the Write lock and Style lock are turned off.

5. Click Survey > Survey Data to Surface. 6. For Surface Name, type Survey. Press TAB. 7. Make sure Triangulate Surface is turned on.

8. Click OK.

Note Because the Triangulate Surface toggle was turned on, the Triangulate Surface dialog box automatically displays.

9. Make sure that none of the toggles are on. Click Apply. InRoads Survey connects the points in the surface to form a faceted surface of triangles. When the process is finished, the Results portion of the dialog box displays how many points and triangles exist in the DTM.

10. Click Close. Next, view the triangulated surface. 11. Click Surface > View Surface > Triangles.



12. Click Apply. 13. As you develop particular option preferences and styles,

InRoads Survey allows you to save these for future use. Click Preferences.

14. Click Save As. 15. For Name, type Original.

16. Click Ok, Save; then, Close. 17. Close the View Triangles dialog box.

18. When done reviewing the surface, click Survey > Regenerate Graphics to update the view to dismiss the triangles.

Note Remember that these are temporary graphics. Even though the triangles disappear, the DTM still exists.

Displaying Surface Contours



1. Use your CAD tools to window in on the lower-right area of

your graphics. 2. Click Surface > View Surface > Contours. 3. This surface is in a relatively flat area, so for Interval, type

1. Press TAB.

4. Be sure that Major Contours and Minor Contours are turned on. Turn off all other options. You will note that as in View Triangles, you have the option to save your preferences. Since we’ve already addressed preferences, let’s move on.

5. Click Apply; then, Close.

6. Look in the lower-right part of the screen. It looks like a mountain rising up in an area that we know is relatively flat. Click Survey > Fieldbook Data.

7. Click the Locate button to the right of the Observations list; then, in the lower-right part of the screen and click the center point rising out of the DTM.



8. The point identified is 145. Compare the elevation of this point at 187 feet with the points close to it with elevations in the 80-foot range. Looks like we’ve found our error. Double-click on 145.

9. Look at the Vertical Observation. This is the obvious error in the survey because this is a ground shot and surrounding shots have vastly different vertical angles. Click Close.

10. Our most practical action at this time is to remove the point from the survey data. If we had discovered this problem in the field, we could have reshot the point and edited the value or observation. Since that is not possible in this tutorial, highlight point 145; then, right-mouse click and select Delete.

11. When prompted to confirm the deletion, click Yes. 12. Append the changes to the FieldbookAudit.txt file. 13. Close all dialog boxes.



14. Click Surface > View Surface > Contours. 15. Click Apply; then, Close.

Saving the DTM 1. To save the surface you just created, click File > Save As. 2. For the Save in directory, select \Tutorials\Survey. 3. For the Save as type, select Surfaces (*.dtm). 4. The software defaults to the active file for File name. Click

Save.

Saving Fieldbook Data 1. For Save as type, select Survey Data (*.fwd). 2. For File name, type Practice. 3. Click Save. 4. Click Cancel to dismiss the Save As dialog box

Saving a Geometry File 1. Click Survey > Survey Data To Geometry. 2. For Project Name, type Practice.

3. Click Apply; then, Close. 4. Click File > Save As. 5. For the Save in directory, select \Tutorials\Survey. 6. For Save as type, select Geometry Projects (*.alg). 7. The software should fill in File name with the active project

that, in this case, is Practice. If not, type Practice for the File name.

8. Click Save. 9. Click Cancel to dismiss the Save As dialog box.


Using the Survey Feature Table

1

Overview In this chapter, you will learn how to create a new feature and add it to the feature table. Typically, this workflow includes assigning feature attributes or including custom feature operations.





4. Click Tools > Survey Options. Click Open to load an existing survey options files. Set the directory to \Tutorials\Survey. Select Survey.fxp. Click Open; then, Ok.


6. Click File > Import > Survey Data. For Files of type, select TDS(*,rw5). Set the directory to \Tutorials\Survey. Select Survey.rw5. Click Import; then, Close.

Using the Survey Feature Table 109


Creating a New Feature 1. Click Survey > Feature Table. 2. Scroll through the feature table. You will notice that there

is no feature code for Fire Hydrant.

3. Click the Add Feature button.

4. For Definition, type Fire Hydrant. Press TAB. 5. For Numeric Code, type 130. 6. For Point type, select DNC. We do not want to contour this

because it will not be a part of the DTM. This is a way of excluding items from the DTM.

7. For Style, type FH. 8. For Alpha Code, click Add. 9. For Code, type FH; click Ok.

10. For Options, select Place a Cell/Block at the Point. A check should appear in the box next to this option.

110 Using the Survey Feature Table


11. Under Symbology, select Text and click Edit. 12. Select the Level/Layer where you want the text to appear. 13. Select the Color you want associated with Fire Hydrant. 14. Select OK to apply your settings and dismiss the dialog box. 15. Under Symbology, select Cell/Block. Then, click Edit. 16. For Cell/Block Name, select FH. 17. Select the Level/Layer where you want the cell/block to

appear. 18. Click OK to apply the settings and dismiss the dialog box. 19. Click OK to dismiss the Feature Add dialog box. 20. Notice that there is now a listing for fire hydrant in your

feature table. From the File pulldown menu on the Feature Table dialog box, click Save.

21. Click Ok to dismiss the Feature Table dialog box. 22. Click Ignore to dismiss the Resolve Code Error dialog box. 23. On the Results dialog box, click Save As. 24. For File name, select FeatureAudit.txt. 25. Click Save. 26. Click Close to dismiss the Results dialog box.

The alpha code for Fire Hydrant also needs to be added to the fieldbook.

27. Click Survey > View Survey Data and turn on Names. 28. Click Survey > Find Point in View. 29. Type 363, click Apply, and then click Close. 30. Click Survey > Fieldbook Data.



6. For Name, type Size. 7. For Description, type Size of Trunk.

8. Click OK to apply your settings.

9. Click OK to dismiss the Feature Edit dialog box. 10. On the Results dialog box, click Append. 11. For File name, select FeatureAudit.txt. 12. Click Save. 13. Close the Results dialog box. 14. From the File pulldown menu, click Save. 15. Click OK to close the Feature Table dialog box.

Building a Custom Operation Next, you will use the custom operation option for survey features. To learn more extensive details about custom operations, see the InRoads Survey Help topic. 1. Click Survey > Feature Table. 2. On the Feature Table dialog box, select Coniferous Tree and

double-click. 3. Click the Custom Operations tab. 4. To set the active scale, type AS=SIZE/5 and press Enter. 5. To set the active cell, type AC=CTREE and press Enter.



6. Then type Dy=SIZE*1.5 and press Enter. 7. To display the size of the tree and name, type

‘$(SIZE)’$(CODE). Press Enter.

8. Click OK. 9. On the Results dialog box, click Append. 10. For File name, select FeatureAudit.txt. 11. Click Save. 12. Click Close to dismiss the Results dialog box. 13. From the File pulldown menu on the Feature Table dialog

box, click Save. 14. Click OK to Close.

Now, let’s see how the changes are reflected in the graphics.

15. Click Survey > View Survey Data and turn on Names. Make sure all others are turned off.

16. Click Survey > Find Point in View. 17. For Point name, type 433. 18. For Radius, type 100. 19. Click Apply. 20. Click Close to dismiss the Find Point in View dialog box. 21. To view point 433 more clearly, click Survey > View Survey

Data and turn on Codes. Turn Names off.



22. Click Survey > Fit View. 23. Click File > Save As. 24. For Files of type, select Survey Data (*.fwd). 25. Type Practice.fwd. 26. Select Save; then, Cancel.




Using the Global Feature Filter

1

Overview In this chapter, you will work with a feature filter that affects several areas of the Survey software. Specifically, you will create a survey feature filter in the Fieldbook; then, display and store the data to a new surface and geometry project.





4. Click Tools > Survey Options. Click Open to load an existing survey options files. Set the directory to \Tutorials\Survey. Select Survey.fxp. Click Open. Click OK on the Survey Options dialog box.


6. Click File > Open. For Files of type. Select Surfaces (*.dtm). Select Survey.dtm. Click Open; then, Cancel.

Using the Global Feature Filter 117


7. Click File > Import > Survey Data. For Files of type, select

TDS(*,rw5). Set the directory to \Tutorials\Survey. Select Survey.rw5. Click Import; then, Close. Click Ignore All on the Resolve Errors dialog box; then, Close the Results dialog.

8. Click Survey > View Survey Data. Turn on Planimetrics and Codes.

Creating a New Feature Filter 1. On the Explorer, turn on the Feature Filter Lock. Recall

that you can also turn on this option at Tools > Locks > Feature Filter.


3. Click the Survey Feature Filter button.

4. For Start With, select None. As you build the filter, you want to begin with no feature styles.

5. Under Build Selection, for Properties, select Alpha Code. 6. For Value, type TC. The filter will only include Top of Curb

codes. 7. For Mode, select Include; then Add Rule.

The filter rule is displayed in the list view. Now, save the new filter.

8. Click Save As. 9. For Name, type Practice; then, OK.

118 Using the Global Feature Filter


10. Click OK on the Survey Feature Filter dialog box. 11. Notice the changes in the FieldBook Data dialog. Only the

Station (Station 2) that contains points that include the code name TC is included and available in the list.



12. Notice the TC codes are displayed in Planimetrics.

13. Close all dialog boxes.

Saving Survey Data to a New Surface Once survey features have been filtered, they can be easily used to generate a new surface (DTM). 1. Click Survey > Survey Data to Surface. 2. For Surface Name, type SurveyFilter. Press the TAB. This

is a new surface that will contain only the selected features. 3. For Description, select Use Codes. 4. Click the Filter button. Ensure the filter Practice is selected

and click OK. 5. Ensure the Triangulate Surface option is turned on. 6. Click OK. 7. Because the option to triangulate was turned on, the dialog

box is displayed. Click Apply



8. Close the Triangulate Surface dialog box. 9. In the Explorer, select the Surfaces tab. Notice that only

the filtered features are in the new surface Survey.

Saving Survey Data to New Geometry Survey features from the active fieldbook can also be used to create a a new geometry project. Next, save the filtered features to new geometry 1. Click Survey > Survey Data to Geometry. 2. For Project Name, type SurveyFilter. Press TAB. 3. For Description, select Use Codes 4. Accept the default setting for Curve Stroking. 5. Click the Filter button. Ensure the filter Practice is

selected and click OK. 6. Click Apply; then, Close.

7. Fit the view.



8. In the Explorer, select the Geometry tab. Notice the new geometry SurveyFilter contains only the selected features. You can later review or generate reports on the points.

9. Save the new geometry project. Click File > Save As. 10. For Files of type, select Geometry Projects (*.alg). 11. For Name, type SurveyFilter. Click Save; then, Cancel.

You can create global survey feature filters on several data properties, including elevations, notes, and other attributes. For more details on the survey feature filter, see the InRoads Suite Help topics.


Making Survey Data Adjustments

1

Overview Survey data can be compromised by circumstances, conditions, and human error. To help you adjust your survey data, InRoads Survey allows you to make adjustments using Compass, Crandall, Transit and Least Squares methodologies.





4. Click Tools > Survey Options. Click Open to load an existing survey options files. Set the directory to \Tutorials\Survey. Select Survey.fxp. Click Open. Click OK on the Survey Options dialog box.

5. Click Survey > Feature Table. From the File pulldown menu, click Open to load an existing feature table. Set the directory to \Tutorials\Survey. Select Survey.fwf. Click Open. Click OK to close the Feature Table dialog box.

6. Click File > Import > Survey Data. For Files of type, select TDS(*,rw5). Set the directory to \Tutorials\Survey. Select Survey.rw5. Click Import; then, Close.

Making Survey Data Adjustments 123


7. Click Ignore All on the Resolve Errors dialog box; then,

Close the Results dialog.

Setting up a Single Route Traverse 1. Click Survey > View Survey Data. Turn off Planimetrics.

Turn on Names and Traverse.


In the Status Column, notice one observation is currently Fixed. Scroll down and review the observations for this station.

3. Close the Fieldbood dialog box. 4. Click Adjustments > Set > New. 5. For Name, type Adjust. 6. For Set Type, select Single Route.

124 Making Survey Data Adjustments


7. Ensure that Reciprocal Zenith is off, and then click OK. 8. For First Occupied Station, type 2. 9. To populate the Station List, press TAB.

The Single Route dialog box displays all the points that are traversed. These are the occupied points only; not the side shots.

10. Click OK. 11. Click Survey > View Survey Data. Turn off all options. 12. Click Adjustments > View Adjustments. 13. Select the Points tab. 14. For Coordinates, select Original. 15. For Point Type, select All Points. 16. For Point Annotation, select Symbol, Name, and Location.

17. Select the Observations tab. 18. For Observation Type, select Original. 19. For Format, select All Observations. 20. For Type, select Lines.



21. Click Apply, and then select Close.

The software identifies points that will be adjusted.

Running Compass, Crandall, or Transit Adjustments Next, complete the single route traverse using the Compass method. 1. Click Adjustments > Traverse. 2. For Adjustment Method, select Compass. (Although

Compass is the selected method, the workflow would also apply to Crandall and Transit adjustments.)

3. Turn off all other options.

4. Click Adjust.



5. The adjustments are complete. Close the dialog box. Later, you will return this dialog to create an adjustment report.

6. Click Accept to accept the adjustments. Now, return to the Fieldbook to view changes to the observations.

7. Click Survey > Fieldbook Data. Scroll down the list. Notice the status on point 6 is changed to FC which indicates that is now an adjusted point.

8. Close the Fieldbook Data dialog box. 9. Next, review the adjusted traverse. Click Survey > View

Survey Data> Traverse.



Preparing Reports Under normal working circumstances you would probably customize the adjustments report. For this topic, however, use the default settings. For more details on additional adjustment methods and generating adjustment reports, see InRoads Suite Help. 1. Click Adjustments > Traverse. 2. Click Adjust. 3. Click Report.

4. Click the Points tab.



5. Click Preview and review the data.

After making your adjustments, you can save your report out as an ASCII file or send it to the default printer. To save your report, complete the following steps.

Saving Reports 1. From the Results dialog box, click Save As. 2. Set the Save in directory to C:\Tutorial\Survey. 3. For File name, type a name for your report and click Save. 4. Click Close to dismiss the Results dialog box. 5. Click Cancel to dismiss the Compass Adjustments Report

dialog box. 6. Click Close to dismiss the Review Traverse Adjustments

dialog box.



7. Click Accept to update the points in the data.

8. Zoom in to view the adjusted points.

Saving Your Graphics 1. Click Survey > View Survey Data > Write Survey Data to

Graphics. 2. Click Planimetrics only. Make sure everything else is

turned off.

3. Click Apply. 4. Click Close. 5. Survey data is now written to the design/drawing file. 6. When you exit the product, at the prompt to save changes

to the fieldbook, select No. For more detailed information regarding adjustments, see the InRoads Suite Help.

Note If you choose to repeat a tutorial topic, remember to re-extract the lesson files.


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