Inorganic Nomenclature

Inorganic NomenclatureNaming Chemical Compounds

Three categoriesBinary Ionic compoundsBinary Molecular Compounds Mineral Acids

Lets see what you remember about naming ionic compounds. . .

Name These Ionic Compounds... K2SO4potassium sulfateNaOClsodium hypochloritePbO2plumbic oxide -or-lead (IV) oxide(NH4)2CrO4ammonium chromate

Ionic compounds involve a metal cation and a non-metal anion can also involve one or more polyatomic ionsNB. The only polyatomic cation isammonium, NH4+

For ionic compoundsname cation firstdo NOT use prefixes (mono, di, tri, etc)combine ions to form a neutral compoundeg. calcium phosphate Ca2+ PO43-

Ca3(PO4)2

Check that subscripts are in lowest terms.Criss-Cross method for Writing Ionic Formulaeeg. Tin (IV) sulfite (aka stannic sulfite)Its ions are . . . Sn4+SO32- criss-crossing charges gives . . . Sn2(SO3)4But Waitnot in lowest terms!! (Oh No!!)therefore Sn(SO3)2 is the formulaClassical and Stock System for Multivalent CationsFe2+iron (II) [stock name]ferrous [classical name]Fe3+iron (III) [stock name]ferric [classical name]NB. lower charged ion = _____ous; higher = ___ic

Some Other Multivalent CationsFormulaStock nameClassical namePb2+______________________lead (II)plumbous Pb4+______________________lead (IV)plumbicSn2+______________________tin (II)stannousSn4+______________________tin (IV)stannic

FormulaStock nameClassical nameCu+______________________ copper (I)cuprousCu2+______________________copper (II)cupricHg+ (Hg2)2+______________________mercury (I)mercurousHg2+_____________________mercury (II)mercuric

Mercury (l) does not exist as Hg+.

Consult handouts or textbook for list of the other multivalent cations.

name this new compound . . . Fe2+ ______ Fe2+ / \ Fe2+ Fe2+ | | Fe2+ Fe2+ \ / Fe2+________ Fe2+

a ferrous wheel

Some Anion Names are Similar . . .S2-sulfideSO32-sulfiteSO42-sulfate

N3-nitride

NO2-nitrite

NO3-nitrate

Cl-chlorideClO4-perchlorateClO3-chlorateClO2-chloriteClO-hypochlorite

P3-phosphide

PO33-phosphite

PO43-phosphateCrO42-chromateCr2O72-dichromate

Practice: Ionic Nomenclature formulastock nameclassical name________calcium nitrateCa(NO3)2MgS_________________magnesium sulfide

_____________________plumbic oxidePbO2lead (IV) oxide

(NH4)2Cr2O7_________________ ammonium dichromate________ sodium permanganateNaMnO4More Practice: Ionic Nomenclature formulastock nameclassical name

________mercury (ll) chloride_______________HgCl2mercuric chloride

___________mercury (l) chloride_______________Hg2Cl2mercurous chloride

Why do we not reduce this to HgCl?The mercury (l) ion is (Hg2)2+, NOT Hg+Binary Molecular CompoundsBinary Molecular compounds made up of two non-metals.

Name ends in -ide.

Use prefixes to indicate quantity.

Prefixes for Binary Molecular Cmpds.mono (1)di (2)tri (3)tetra (4)penta (5)hexa (6)hepta (7)octa (8)nona (9)deca (10)

examples of Molecular CmpdsCOcarbon monoxideCl2O7dichlorine heptaoxideSO3 (NOT SO32-)sulfur trioxideP4O10tetraphosphorus decaoxide

Mineral AcidsAn acid is a compound that liberates H+ ions when dissolved in water.Therefore, acids must containhydrogen.For now, acids have (aq) after their formula.HCl(g)vs.HCl(aq)hydrogen chloridehydrochloric acid

How does the name of each acid correlate to ending of anion name?HCl(aq)Cl-, chloridehydrochloric acid

H2SO4(aq)SO42-, sulfatesulfuric acid

HNO2(aq)NO2-, nitritenitrous acid

Ending of anion name of aciddetermines name of acid1. anion ends in -idehydro_____ic acid[hydrobromic acid, HBr(aq), Br-, bromide]

2. anion ends in -ate_______ic acid[phosphoric acid, H3PO4(aq), PO43-, phosphate]

3. anion ends in ite_______ous acid[nitrous acid, HNO2(aq), NO2-, nitrite ]

Examples of acidsformulanameHClO2(aq)_______________chlorous acid_______________acetic (ethanoic) acidHC2H3O2(aq)H3PO3(aq)_______________phosphorous acid_______________carbonic acidH2CO3(aq)

more examples of acids . . .formulaname_______________oxalic acidH2C2O4(aq)H2SO3(aq)_______________sulfurous acidHI(aq)_______________hydroiodic acidH2S(aq) _______________hydrosulfuric acidHomeworkDo the practice problems and section review questions in section 2.2 of your text, as well as in chapter and unit review.You can also see whats on line.Good luck!!!!