Innovative Training Works Digital Literacy Training Computing Fundamentals Computer Hardware

Innovative Training Works Digital Literacy Training

Computing FundamentalsComputing Fundamentals

Computer Hardware

Computing Fundamentals

Objectives

Identify types of computers and how they process information

Identify the function of computer hardware components

Identify the factors to consider when buying computer equipment

Identify how to maintain computer equipment and solve common problems

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Introduction

When the computer was introduced, it’s said to be the greatest invention since man learned to use electricity.

Almost every aspect of people's lives is affected in some way by computers.

Computers are no smarter than the humans who program them.

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Some ways in which the computer is used:

• Word processing• Calculations• Communication• Computer-assisted learning• Research• Presentations• Database management• Automation• Entertainment

Next: Definition of ComputerBack


What is a computer?

Computer is an electronic device that accepts, processes, stores, and outputs data at high speeds according to programmed instructions.

There are two basic components that make up a computer: hardware and software.

Next: Parts of a ComputerBack


Parts of a Typical Computer

Next: Types of Computers

Monitor

System Unit

Keyboard Mouse

Printer

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IBM Blue Gene/L

Minicomputer

SupercomputerSupercomputer

MainframeNext: Types of Microcomputers

Microcomputer

Types of Computers

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Common Types of Microcomputers

Personal Computer (PC)

Laptop/Notebook

Handheld/PDA

Macintosh (Mac)

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The Four Main Components of a Microcomputer

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INPUT DEVICESInput devices allow us to enter information into the computer. They include keyboards, mice, scanners, and microphones.

PROCESSING DEVICESProcessing components manipulate the information once it is "in" the computer. In the microcomputer there is a set of common components consisting of the central processing unit (CPU), interface components, and memory (RAM).

STORAGE DEVICESStorage devices store the entered information and programs for future use. Common storage devices include hard disks, floppy disks, and CD-ROMs.

OUTPUT DEVICESOutput devices are how the manipulated information is returned to us. They commonly include video monitors, printers, and speakers.

Parts of the System Unit


The System UnitThe System Unit

RAM

CD-ROM and/or DVD-ROM Drive

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Network Card

1. Common Hardware Problems

ROM-BIOS

2. Buying a computer 3. Next: Software


Input Devices

Other Input Devices

Keyboard

Mouse

Microphone

Scanner

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Other Input DevicesBarcode Reader

Joystick

Web Camera

Digital Camera

Back to MenuBack


Processing Devices

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Random-Access Memory (RAM)

CPU

CPU Speed Release Date

Pentium 4 1 GHz to 3 GHz Latest

Pentium III 450 MHz to 1 GHz 1999

Pentium II 266 MHz 1997

Pentium 133 MHz 1993

486 66 MHz 1989

386 25 MHz 1985

80286 12.5 MHz 1982

8088 8 MHz 1979Based on table courtesy of www.customguide.com

Measuring Memory


Storage Devices/Media

More Storage Devices/Media

Hard Disk Drive (HDD)

Floppy Disk Drive (FDD)

Diskette

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More Storage Devices/Media

USB Flash Drive

CD-ROM (or DVD-ROM Drive)

Types of CDs:

•CD-ROM

•CD-R

•CD-RW

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Flash Card

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Output Devices

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Monitor

Speakers

Printer

Projector


MonitorsMonitors

CRT (Cathode Ray Tube)

LCD (Liquid Crystal Display)

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Parts of the Keyboard

Alphanumeric KeysAlphanumeric KeysCursor KeysCursor Keys

Numeric KeypadNumeric KeypadFunction KeysFunction Keys

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Parts of a Mouse

Left Button

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Right Button

Wheel

(Not always available) Palm Rest

Mouse Actions:

1. Click

2. Double-click

3. Right-Click

4. Point

5. Drag

How to hold the mouse


How to hold the mouse

Courtesy:

www.internet4classrooms.com

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PrintersPrinters

Dot Matrix

Inkjet Laser Back


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Motherboard


Measuring Memory

Unit Abbreviation Size

Bit - [Smallest Unit]

Byte - 8 Bits

Kilobyte KB 1, 024 bytes

Megabyte MB 1, 048, 576 bytes

Gigabyte GB 1, 073,741,824 bytes/1, 024 MB

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Central Processing Unit (CPU)


CPU Fan



DDRAM

Random-Access Memory

SDRAM Photo courtesy of: www.oamao.com

SDRAM


Hard Disk Drive


Cross-section of HDD


3.5” Floppy Disk Drive

3.5 “ Floppy Disk


Courtesy www.yedata.com


BackPhoto courtesy of: www.coolnerds.com

PC Ports


CD-ROM Drive

CD-ROM



Video Card



AGP Port



Power Supply



Network Card



ROM-BIOS



Common Hardware Problems

• Computer won’t start– Be sure it is plugged in and there’s electricity– Bad power supply– Check the monitor– RAM problem– Bad hard drive

• Mouse is not working well/at all

• Keyboard is not working

• Printer: Paper Jams

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How to Buy a PC

• What is my purpose of buying a PC?

• What OS will best support the applications that I will use?

• Do I need portability?

• Do I need versatility?

• How about the warranties?

Maintenance Installing New SoftwareBasic TroubleshootingBack


Word-processing programs is used to create and

modify text-based documents. By using these

programs, you can also create personal and

professional documents.

Publishing programs are used to combine text and

graphics to create documents such as brochures,

greeting cards, annual reports, books, or magazines. It

also include word-processing and graphics features

that allow you to refine parts of the document.

Documents

Innovative Training Works Digital Literacy Training Computing Fundamentals Computer Hardware