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“Innovation on advanced composite materials for civil engineering and
architectural applications: case studies”FIDIA S.r.l. – Technical Global Services
Web-Site: www.fidiaglobalservice.com - E-mail: [email protected]
DEVELOPING RESEARCH
University of Perugia
University of Bologna
Polytechnic of Milan
University of Lecce
University of Venice
University of Rome TRE
STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIPS
University of Padova
University of Cassino
University of Salerno
University of L’Aquila
University of PatrassoGreece
University of Valladolid
Spain
Labein Technology Research Center of
Bilbao Spain
University of Minho
Portogallo
University of BathUK
University of WroclawPoland
University of Missouri-Rolla
USA
University of MiamiUSA
University of SilesiaPoland
ON GOING RESEARCH PROJECTS WITH ITALIAN UNIVERSITIES:University of Perugia Material characterization testsDurability testsStructural tests: diagonal compression, flexure, axial compression on masonry and wood.
University of PadovaMaterial characterization of various organic matrices (bio polymer) and non-organic, bonding tests (pull-off e direct shear) on various masonry substrates.
University of Cassino Bond tests (pull-off e direct shear) on various masonry substrates;
University of Roma tre Bond tests (pull-off e direct shear) on various masonry substrates;Diagonal compression tests;Structural tests on masonry walls under dynamic loading (shaking table) to verify the efficiency of a strengthening system to avoid out-of-plane failure.
University of Salento Bond tests (pull-off e direct shear) on various masonry substrates;Structural tests on masonry walls under in-plane and out-of-plane loading.
University of SalernoDynamic test on RC rectangular columns confined with SRP
ON GOING RESEARCH PROJECTS WITH FOREIGN UNIVERSITIES AND RESEARCH CENTERS:
SPAINLabein – Tecnalia
Strengthening of RC beams with various reinforcement solutions;Strengthening of glulam beams with steel fiber sheets;R&D of new matrices for the structural reinforcement with steel fiber sheets;
Universidad Politecnica de CatalunaStrengthening of masonry wall panels with various reinforcement solutions;
PORTUGALUniversity of Mino-Guimares
Strengthening of masonry wall panels with SRG-SRP;Bond tests of SRG-SRP (pull-off e direct shear);Durability tests on SRG-SRP.
GREECEUniversity of Patrasso
Strengthening of masonry wall panels with SRG-SRP;Bond tests of SRG-SRP (pull-off e direct shear);
POLONIASilesian University of Technology
Flexural – Torsion and Shear tests on RC beams strengthened with SRP e CFRP;
Wroclaw University of TechnologyStrengthening of masonry wall panels with SRG-SRP;Bond tests of SRG-SRP (pull-off e direct shear);
GERMANYUniversity of Hannover
Flexural tests on RC beams strengthened with SRP e CFRP;
UKUniversity of Bath
Strengthening of masonry arches with SRG - SRP;
SWIZERLANDEMPA
Material characterization and durability tests
ON GOING RESEARCH PROJECTS WITH FOREIGN UNIVERSITIES AND RESEARCH CENTERS (Cont.):
INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH PROJECTS IN WHICH FIDIA IS INVOLVED:
Round Robin Test – RILEM Committee 223 Masonry Strengthening with Composites Bond test on masonry elements of various strengthening solutions with epoxy matrices (on going)
Project INSYM – Intelligent Systems of Structures Strengthening and Monitoring (financed)
Project TERREME – Tecnalia Labein SPAGNADevelopment of strengthening applications with composite materials with inorganic matrix and steel fiber sheets (completed)
Project MISENon-invasive strengthening techniques for the seismic protection of historical masonries (under approval by Italian government)
Project MISESteel and masonry vaults built between XIX and XX century: construction techniques, diagnosis and retrofit (under approval by Italian government)
All the completed and ongoing research will lead to an international technical publication :
MATERIAL & SYSTEMS
Mechanical Properties Comparison
FLAX
BASALT
HS-CARBON
UHTSSTEEL
Innovative Connectors
An innovative system to prestress composite
materials without mechanical anchorages
Active Strengthening - “Pretendi l’Italia”
(Patented)
“Pretendi l’Italia” (continue)
“Pretendi l’Italia” (continue)
MOST SIGNIFICANT PROJECTS
Historical Masonry Structures
Structural Retrofit - Ex Cloister of SS. Trinità – (Orvieto)
Location: Orvieto - ItalyObjectives: Structural retrofit for rehabilation and transformation in high class hotel .Duration of work: 139 daysFibers installed and type of retrofit: Strengthening of vaults: 2050 sqm of vaults with 500 sqm of unidir glass fiber;Strengthening of ring curb beams with 300 sqm of UHTS steel fiber;Floor Interconnection and strengthening of arch portico with 196 m of pretensioned GFRP bars.
Structural Retrofit - Ex Cloister of SS. Trinità – (Orvieto)
Glass Fiber Sheets
Strengthening cross and barrel masonry vaults using unidirectional glass fiber sheets
Structural Retrofit - Ex Cloister of SS. Trinità – (Orvieto)Strengthening of ring curb beams using FIDSTEEL 3X2 12-12-500 steel fiber sheets
impregnated with epoxy (SRP)UHTSS Steel Fiber Sheets
Structural Retrofit - Ex Cloister of SS. Trinità – (Orvieto)Retrofit and consolidation of the Arch portico using pre-tensioned glass fiber bars.
Glass Fiber Bars
Seismic Upgrade – Generali Palace – (Florence)
Location: Florence- ItalyObjectives: Structural retrofit for seismic upgrade .Duration of work: 211 daysFibers installed and type of retrofit: Strengthening of straw soffit floors: 2000 sqm of floors with 8200 sqm of unidir flax fiber;Strengthening of floor timber joists with 1820 ml of pultruded glass profiles;Floor Interconnection and facade overturning prevention with 1450 sqm of carbon and UHTS steel fiber sheets.
Structural strengthening – Generali Palace – (Florence)Floor interconnection and façade overturning prevention
UHTSS Steel Fiber Sheets
UHTSS Steel Fiber Connectors
Structural strengthening – Generali Palace – (Florence)Strengthening and retrofitting of the straw soffits and timber joists
Glass Fiber Pultruded Profiles
Carbon Fiber Sheets
Flax Fiber Sheets
Structural strengthening – Salviati Palace – (Florence)New Historical Archive of the EU
Location: Florence- ItalyObjectives: Structural retrofit of a depressed barrel vault .Duration of work: 7 daysFibers installed and type of retrofit: Strengthening of the barrel vault: 30 sqm of unidir carbon fiber sheet;Strengthening of the frenum membrane wall with prestressed UHTS steel fiber sheet (1.5 tons);
- 0,92 - 0,90- 0,89
- 0,92 - 0,90- 0,89
- 0,31
Structural strengthening – Salviati Palace – (Florence)New Historical Archive of the EU
Strengthening of the extrados of the barrel vaults using carbon fiber sheets
Structural strengthening – Salviati Palace – (Florence)New Historical Archive of the EU
Strengthening of the frenum membrane wall using prestressed UHTS steel fibers
Structural strengthening – Salviati Palace – (Florence)New Historical Archive of the EU
Strengthening of the frenum membrane wall using prestressed UHTS steel fibers
Structural strengthening – Salviati Palace – (Florence)New Historical Archive of the EU
Strengthening of the frenum membrane wall using prestressed UHTS steel fibers
Reinforced Concrete Structures
University of L’Aquila - Faculty of Engineering – (L’Aquila)Strengthening and repairing of the masonry walls and RC circular columns
Location: L’Aquila- Italy (Earthquake April 2009)Objectives: Strengthening and repairing of façade walls and RC circular columns.Duration of work: 132 daysFibers installed and type of retrofit: For repairing façade walls: 2300 m of glass channel pultruded profiles, 2100 basalt connectors and 820 sqm of flax fiber;Wrapping top and bottom of RC circular columns with 200 sqm of UHTS steel fiber sheet;
University of L’Aquila - Faculty of Engineering – (L’Aquila)
Strengthening System
Glass Fibers Channel Pulltruded Profiles
Flax Fiber Sheets
Double Thread Basalt Fiber Connectors
Strengthening and repairing of the masonry façade walls to prevent overturning and improve out-of-plane stiffness and strength
University of L’Aquila - Faculty of Engineering – (L’Aquila)
Glass Fibers Pultruded ProfilesFlax Fiber Sheets
Double Thread Basalt Fiber Connectors
Strengthening and repairing of the masonry façade walls to prevent overturning and improve out-of-plane stiffness and strength
University of L’Aquila - Faculty of Engineering – (L’Aquila)
Flax Fiber Sheets
Double Thread Basalt Fiber Connectors
Strengthening and repairing of the masonry façade walls to prevent overturning and improve out-of-plane stiffness and strength
University of L’Aquila - Faculty of Engineering – (L’Aquila)Strengthening RC circular columns by wrapping using UHTS steel fiber sheets
University of L’Aquila - Faculty of Engineering – (L’Aquila)Experimental validation by dynamic testing of a masonry façade before and after
strengthening and repairing using composite systems
Installation of external and internal tri-axial geophones for determining vibration mode
shapes and deflection of the façade.
University of L’Aquila - Faculty of Engineering – (L’Aquila)Experimental validation by dynamic testing of a masonry façade before and after
strengthening and repairing using composite systems
University of L’Aquila - Faculty of Engineering – (L’Aquila)Experimental validation by dynamic testing of a masonry façade before and after
strengthening and repairing using composite systems
Geofono
SMAX
[mm]
G1 0,13
G2 0,17
G3 0,15
G4 0,09
G5 0,08
Deformation Before
Geofono
SMAX RINFORZO
[mm]
G1 0,08
G2 0,09
G3 0,07
G4 0,06
G5 0,05
Deformation After
Frequency of principal mode Before
Frequency of principal mode After
Seismic upgrade - CTO Careggi Hospital – (Florence)Seismic upgrade by wrapping column and beam column joints using carbon fibers
and UHTS steel fiber sheets for shear walls and columns with b/d >2
Carbon Fiber Sheets
Location: Florence - ItalyObjectives: Seismic upgrade of the RC frame structure.Duration of work: 281 daysFibers installed and type of retrofit:Beam-column joint wrapping with 1900 sqm of unidirectional carbon fiber sheets;Column wrapping up to 4 layers of carbon fiber sheet for a total of 8500 sqm;Wrapping of shear walls and rectangular columns with 1000 sqm of UHTS steel fiber sheet;
Seismic upgrade - CTO Careggi Hospital – (Florence)Seismic upgrade by wrapping columns with b/d >2 and shear walls with UHTS steel
fiber sheets – experimental validation
CNR-DT 200/2008 Design Guidelines
Seismic upgrade - CTO Careggi Hospital – (Florence)Seismic upgrade by wrapping columns with b/d >2 and shear walls with UHTS steel
fiber sheets – Shear and concrete confinement increase
cls co
nfina
to
Seismic upgrade - CTO Careggi Hospital – (Florence)
UHTSS Steel Fiber Sheets
Seismic upgrade by wrapping columns with b/d >2 and shear walls with UHTS steel fiber sheets
Seismic upgrade - CTO Careggi Hospital – (Florence)
UHTSS Steel Fiber Sheetsrs
Seismic upgrade by wrapping columns with b/d >2 and shear walls with UHTS steel fiber sheets
Fire Damaged Warehouse – DubaiRepair and strengthening of fire damaged RC columns and two-way slabs
Fire Damage
Location: Dubai - UAEObjectives: Repair and Strengthening of a fire damaged RC warehouse in construction.Duration of work: 20 days (including concrete repair)Fibers installed and type of retrofit:Flexural strengthening of the two-way slab with 310 sqm of UHTS steel fiber sheet medium density;Wrapping of most damaged columns with:
Galvanized low density UHTS steel (ext columns) – 37 sqm; Brass low density UHTS steel (int columns) – 37 sqm
Wrapping of less damaged columns (ext & int) with 60 sqm of basalt fiber sheets;
MEZZANINE FLOOR AT OFFICE AREA
EX
PA
NT
ION
JO
INT
EX
PA
NT
ION
JO
INT
EXPANTION JOINT
EX
PA
NT
ION
JO
INT
EXPANTION JOINT
LC O
F R
IDG
E
GROUND FLOOR LAYOUT & FIRE AFFECTED AREA
FIRE AFFECTED AREA
Fire Damaged Warehouse – Dubai
ZONE "B"
CROSS-SECTION OF THE SLAB
ZONE "A"
ZONE "A"
ZONE "B"
LEGEND
ZONE "A" : FIRE AFFECTEDAREA: LOW LEVELOF DAMAGE
AREAS INTERESTED BY FRP FLEXURAL RETROFIT OF THE SLABLAYOUT OF THE RETROFIT SYSTEM OF THE SLAB
FLEXURAL RETROFITTING:1 LAYER OF HIGH STRENGTHSTEEL FIBER SHEET - MEDIUMDENSITY - BRASS COATEDFIDSTEEL 3x2 - B 12-12-500.STRIPS 30cm WIDE @1m
ZONE "B" : FIRE AFFECTEDAREA: HIGH LEVELOF DAMAGE
CROSS-SECTION OF THE SLAB
FLEXURAL RETROFITTING:1 LAYER OF HIGH STRENGTHSTEEL FIBER SHEET - MEDIUMDENSITY - BRASS COATEDFIDSTEEL 3x2-B 12-12-500.STRIPS 45cm WIDE @1m
Fire Damaged Warehouse – Dubai
Flexural Strengthening of RC Two-way slabs
Repair and Strengthening of RC Two-Way slabs to restore flexural capacity
UHTS SteelFiber Sheets
Fire Damaged Warehouse – Dubai
Repair and Strengthening of RC columns to restore shear capacityBasalt Fiber Sheets
UHTSS SteelFiber Sheets
Fire Damaged Warehouse – Dubai
Fire Damaged Warehouse – Dubai
0
4000
8000
12000
16000
20000
24000
28000
0,00 0,25 0,50 0,75 1,00 1,25 1,50 1,75 2,00 2,25 2,50 2,75 3,00 3,25 3,50
Loa
d F
[daN
]
Displacement [mm]
Prima Dopo
Test Before Strengthening
Test After Strengthening
Cyclic Load Test
NDT testing for quality Installation control
Fire Damaged Warehouse – Dubai
Seismic upgrade - School – Taranto
UHTSS SteelFiber Sheets
Seismic upgrade - School – Taranto
Seismic upgrade – Sanofi Aventis – L’Aquila
Seismic upgrade – Sanofi Aventis – L’Aquila
Seismic upgrade – Scuola – S. Demetrio nei Vestini (AQ)
Seismic upgrade – Scuola – S. Demetrio nei Vestini (AQ)
Seismic upgrade – Scuola – L’ Aquila
Seismic upgrade – Scuola – L’ Aquila
Strengthening and confinement of masonry vaults to realize a hole for elevator using
FIDSTEEL 3X2 12-12-500 fiber sheets impregnated with epoxy resin (SRP)
Contucci Palace in Montepulciano – Siena – (Tuscany)
Strengthening and confinement of masonry vaults to realize a hole for elevator using
FIDSTEEL 3X2 12-12-500 fiber sheets impregnated with epoxy resin (SRP)
Contucci Palace in Montepulciano – Siena – (Tuscany)
Strengthening and confinement of masonry vaults to realize a hole for elevator using
FIDSTEEL 3X2 12-12-500 fiber sheets impregnated with epoxy resin (SRP)
Contucci Palace in Montepulciano – Siena – (Tuscany)
Strengthening and confinement of masonry vaults to realize a hole for elevator using
FIDSTEEL 3X2 12-12-500 fiber sheets impregnated with epoxy resin (SRP)
Contucci Palace in Montepulciano – Siena – (Tuscany)
Use of SRP sheets to wrap the hole
Strengthening and confinement of masonry vaults to realize a hole for elevator using
FIDSTEEL 3X2 12-12-500 fiber sheets impregnated with epoxy resin (SRP)
Contucci Palace in Montepulciano – Siena – (Tuscany)
Strengthening and Confinement of the masonry cupola using FIDCARBON and FIDSTEEL fiber sheets
San Gaetano Cupola – Padova – (Veneto)
Strengthening of the masonry cupola using FIDSTEEL 3X2 12-12-500 fiber sheets and connectors impregnated with mortar
(SRG)
San Gaetano Cupola – Padova – (Veneto)
Strengthening of the masonry cupola using FIDSTEEL 3X2 12-12-500 fiber sheets and connectors impregnated with mortar
(SRG)
Connectors
Drilling
Injection
Inserting
Spreading
Impregnation
San Gaetano Cupola – Padova – (Veneto)
Strengthening of the masonry cupola using FIDSTEEL 3X2 12-12-500 fiber sheets and connectors impregnated with mortar
(SRG)
Connectors
San Gaetano Cupola – Padova – (Veneto)
Confinement of the masonry cupola using FIDCARBON fiber sheets
San Gaetano Cupola – Padova – (Veneto)
PATENTS
INNOVATIVE BLAST RETROFITTING SYSTEM BASED ON FRP & POLYUREA
An innovative system to prestress composite
materials without mechanical anchorages
Active Strengthening - “Pretendi l’Italia”
Italian Police Headquarters, Nassirya - Iraq (2003)
The ”E.S.D.R.” System
Devastating consequences of a blast charge on a masonry panel, built with clay bricks, strengthened with a grid of Aramid FRP sheets only.
The ”E.S.D.R.” System
E.S.D.R.Elastic Systems for Dynamic Retrofitting
The strengthening/protecting ESDR system has born from coupling/overlapping together advanced materials such as FRP
with a new material, Polyurea (a polyuretanic resin with an incredible toughness and deformability), with the double role
both of matrix for either aramid or steel fiber grids, and to improve the elasticity of the system.
The ”E.S.D.R.” System
The ”E.S.D.R.” System
The ”E.S.D.R.” System
F
v
FRP
Load (F) – Deformation (v) Plot
The ”E.S.D.R.” System
The ”E.S.D.R.” System
When the strengthening and dissipative layers break, reaching
their ultimate strength, the external layer made by solely
polyurea, will play its airbag role, by allowing large deformations
without breaking.
The ”E.S.D.R.” System
Laboratory Static Tests
The ”E.S.D.R.” System
Laboratory Static Tests
The ”E.S.D.R.” System
Laboratory Static Tests
0
30
60
90
120
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
Displacement [mm]
Lo
ad [
kN]
Comparison between different Strengthening configurations.
Rupture of the AFRP sheetsDeflection of the wall
Deflection of the wall Delamination of the ESDR
Load-vs-Deflection Curve
Load-vs-Deflection Curve
The ”E.S.D.R.” System
Laboratory Static Tests
0
30
60
90
120
150
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
Displacement [mm]
Lo
ad [
kN]
Load-vs-Deflection CurveShear rupture of the AFRP anchorsDeflection of the wall
Comparison between different Strengthening configurations.
The ”E.S.D.R.” System
To simulate the same blast tests and pressure conditions of previous panels, with respect to the position of the pressure transducers, 3 blasts
have been performed over the transducers and 3 above the perpendicular of the centre of the panel (identical to previous tests).
This configuration has allowed to determine the peak overpressure above the transducer and also the effect of angle of incidence.
Blasts Sr.1 Blasts Sr.2
Pressure Transducers
10 cm
25 cm
25 cm
50 cm50 cm
25 cm
25 cm
80 cm
20 cm
Displacement Transducer
Blast Tests
The ”E.S.D.R.” System
Pressure transducers location on side walls of the blast roomPressure transducer positioned on the wall
Displacement transducer centered below the panel
Charge positioned above the pressure transducer
Blast TestsThe ”E.S.D.R.”
System
Blast Tests
RR
Positioning the charge at different stand-off distances.
The ”E.S.D.R.” System
Blast Tests PS0
Charge Weight (kg)
Stand-Off Distance (m) Damage Level
0.5 1 None
1 1 None
0.5 0.5 None
1 0.5 Marginal superficial scratch of few bricks
1.5 0.5 Marginal superficial damage of 6 bricks
1.5 0.25 Complete damage of central bricks (60x50 cm hole not passing)
1.5 0.25 Complete damage of central bricks (75x80 cm hole not passing)
The ”E.S.D.R.” System
Blast Tests PS1
www.tecinn.com – [email protected]
Charge Weight
(kg)
Stand-Off Distance
(m)Damage Level
1.5 0.25Complete damage of central bricks but not of the ESDR
strengthening system
AFRP Anchors in tension and holding the ESDR system together
The ”E.S.D.R.” System
Blast Tests PS2
Charge Weight
(kg)
Stand-Off Distance
(m)Damage Level
2 0.25Complete damage of central bricks but not of the ESDR strengthening
system
The ESDR system is not damaged and yet behaving elastically
The ”E.S.D.R.” System
Blast Tests PS3
Charge Weight
(kg)
Stand-Off Distance (m)
Damage Level
1.5 0.25Complete damage of entire masonry panel
with rupture of AFRP strengthening
Complete break through the masonry panel strengthened with only AFRP sheets.
The ”E.S.D.R.” System
INNOVATIVE DESK FOR SEISMIC PROTECTION
San Giuliano di Puglia School
Italy (2002)
Mariele Ventre in Pettino School
Aquila-Italy (2009)
“Safety Desk”
Common desk used in every Italian school made of steel and wood.
“Safety Desk”
?“Safety
Desk”
Static tests performed on assembled Common Desk
“Safety Desk”
Static tests performed on assembled Common Desk
“Safety Desk”
Static tests performed on disassembled Common Desk
Frame Top
“Safety Desk”
Tests performed on the existing desks in use in school20kg impacting mass from 3m height
Tests performed on the Safety Desk100kg impacting mass from 3m heightDesk completely intact
Desk completely destroyed
“SAFETY DESK”-Innovative, advanced and safe desk-
“SAFETY DESK” entirely made of
composite materials
“Safety Desk”
Strengthening of primary school of San Demetrio-Abruzzo Earthquake-
1° step STRUCTURES
2° step INFRASTRUCTURES
“Safety Desk”
Common Desk
Safety Desk
“Safety Desk”
• Redesigned Improved frame using more efficient steel tubulares• Connection at the bottom using steel bars• Innovative top cover made of Polypropylene (PP)
Storey building unit for residential purposes, offices, services, hotel, commercial.Are elements in each material pultruded lightweight, easily transportable statically and dynamically flexible and ultra durable, easily assembled and disassembled. The external finishes (walls and cover) are functional, phono insulation, thermal insulation, fire resistant and the high temperatures, excellent functional level as well as plant parts.
ALL-COMPOSITE “MODULAR LIVING UNIT”
Materials
GFRP square tube profiles
ALL COMPOSITE “Modular Living Units”
Materials
Solid foam panel made by phenolyc resin with mineral fillers.
The panel can be used to make thermal and acoustic insulation device.
High temperature resistance makes this panels ideal protection from fires
ALL COMPOSITE “Modular Living Units”
Substructures
ALL COMPOSITE “Modular Living Units”
Central node
Angolar node
Steel joints to connect pultruded beams
ALL COMPOSITE “Modular Living Units”
ALL COMPOSITE “Modular Living Units”
ALL COMPOSITE “Modular Living Units”
ALL COMPOSITE “Modular Living Units”
THANK YOU