Innovación y desarrollo económico de España(Es)/ Innovation and economic development in Spain(Spanish)/ Espainiako berrikuntza eta garapen ekonomikoa(Es)

7/31/2019 Innovacin y desarrollo econmico de Espaa(Es)/ Innovation and economic development in Spain(Spanish)/ Espainiako berrikuntza eta garapen ekonomiko

1/246


2/246


3/246


4/246

Cf~eg~

Ae~lfkh Khbflo Je~~e~o

Glwea Owew~

Auol ceb mufbo Khbflo

Ahoqul Ou~fhbew Ko~sl

Jh~ogfh Goyeb We

D~olgfwgh De~~o~h Mo~go

Ahw Ko~o Mo~go bto~eGhque

Ah~cf Locob Hbbe~

Olshlfh Y~e BohKolueb Yfkelseb Wfbew

G~cfloc~

Ahoqul KhvoOlmebe~ Gon~e~o

Glwea ce ^ecoggfl

^hchbdh Goyo~~w Bh~elh

^hne~sh Mo~go Sh~~else

Oneb Bo Gobbe Ko~ghw

Nfeltelfch Ko~h Bye

Olshlfh Yo~eah No~~olgh

Olc~w Wlgje Yfgl

Cotfc Ugbw Omufbe~o

Shchw bhw ce~egjhw ~ewe~tochw, _ueco y~hjfnfco bo ~ey~hcuggfl shsob h yo~gfob ce ewso yunbfgogfl" ow ghkh bo ecfgfl ce wu ghlselfch yh~ kecfh ce guobqufe~ y~h

gewh ~ey~hm~gh h dlfgh" ebegs~lfgh h keglfgh" ewyegfobkelse fky~elso" dhshghyfo" kfg~hbk" hddwesh kfkem~odh" wfl bo y~etfo oush~fogfl ewg~fso ceb ecfsh~,

Ecfo1 Dulcogfl Goaoko~

Cfwe v koeogfl1 D~olgfwgh A, De~llce

Fk~fke1 Ewghno~ Fky~ewh~ew WB, Eb Eafch *Obke~o&FWNL+?71 6=::367==565=

FWWL1 ?46:7=>4

Cewf emo1 OB=>:>99:

Degjo ce nfgogfl1 Aulfh >9?9

Fky~ewh el Ewyoo ( Y~flsec fl Wyofl

Bo Dulcogfl Goaoko~ lh we ~ewyhlwonfbfo ce bo fldh~kogfl v hyflfhlew ghlselfcow el ewso yunbfgogfl" wfelch ~ewyhlwonfbfcoc ezgbuwfto ce wuw oush~ew,

Fllogfl v cewo~~ eglkfg

ce bo ecfgfl1 Dulcogfl Goaoko~,

ceb sezsh1 bhw oush~ew,


5/246

5

lcfge

Y~ewelsogfl ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 6Ae~lfkh Khbflo Je~~e~o

CfekhsfthwYo~ofllhto~ ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ??Ahoqul KhvoOlmebe~ Gon~e~o

F, Eb yh^qu CE bO FLLhtOGFL

UlobevYo~obogfelgfovbofllhtogflCebwfmbh ZZf,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, >6G~fwsflo Mo~kelcfo Kelcfnob

ebYoYebCebofllhtogflelebCewo~~hbbheghlkfgh, flte~wflhmowsh8 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 75Olshlfh Y~e Boh

FF, OGsh^EW EL bO FLLhtOGFL

ebkhsh~Cebofllhtogfl1 bomele~ogflCebghlhgfkfelshelbowUlfte~wfCoCew ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 57lmeb Monfbhlch Yuahb

bhwwfwsekow~emfhlobewCefllhtogfl,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 45Auol Kubes Kebf v Auol Ahw Kolmow Bote~o

olCobUgowhwselfnbe" Ulo olCobUgoCedUsU~h ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,?9?Kosl Whbe~ K~que

elsh~lhYo~obofllhtogfl ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ??7Aotfe~ Khll ce Gge~ew

fld~oews~UgsU~owYo~obofllhtogfl1 ebYoYebCebhwYo~qUewgfelsdfghwvseglhbmfghw ,,,,,?>=Debfye ^hke~o Bunfow

Y~hYfeCoCCebofllhtogfl ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,?57Obne~sh Gowoch Ge~tfh


6/246

FllhtogFlvcewo~~hbbheghlkFgh

4

FFF, bO FLLhtOGFL EL EWyOO

Ye~wYegsftowCe f+C+felewYoo1 UlotfwfleU~hYeo,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,?4=Ahw Kolueb Wfbto ^hc~mue

boews~osemfoCefllhtogfl *e>f&, UlooYUewsojogfoebse~~fsh~fh ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,?=5Auol Shkw Je~lolf Nu~ogh

gowhCeZfshelekY~ewo1 bofllhtogflghkhkhCebhCelemhgfh ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,?:7Debfye Nelaukeo Bbh~else

Ft, KECFCO E FKyOGsh CE bO FLLhtOGFL

bo f+C+fghkhkhsh~CeCewo~~hbbhwhgfheghlkfghCebowCfde~elseweghlhkowkUlCfobew ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,>97Ne~lo~cflh Bel M~hww v Aotfe~ Wobfch H~sf

keCfCoCebfkYogshCebowYhbsfgowCe f+C efllhtogfl,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,>??De~lolch ^uf ^uf

Cebofllhtogfloboflse~logfhlobfogfl,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,>>7D~olgfwgh Ko~sleGhwelsflh

f+C+f, nobolgeewYohbCe >5 ohw ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,>7?Ahwe lmeb Wlgje Owfol


7/246

=

lcfge ce o~ew

Debfye Nelaukeo Bbh~else

Obne~sh Gowoch Ge~tfh

lmeb Monfbhlch Yuahb

G~fwsflo Mo~kelcfo Kelcfnob

Auol Shkw Je~lolf Nu~ogh

Ne~lo~cflh Bel M~hww

Auol Ahw Kolmow Bote~o

D~olgfwgh Ko~sle Ghwelsflh

Aotfe~ Khll ce Gge~ew

Ahoqul KhvoOlmebe~ Gon~e~o

Auol Kubes Kebf

Olshlfh Y~e Boh

Debfye ^hke~o Bunfow

De~lolch ûf ûf

Aotfe~ Wobfch H~sf

Ahwe lmeb Wlgje Owfol

Ahw Kolueb Wfbto ^hc~mue

Kosl Whbe~ K~que

Y~ewfcelse ce Onelmho

Cf~egsh~ Mele~ob ce bo Hgflo Ewyohbo ce Yoselsew v Ko~gow

Kflfws~h ce Ecugogfl ceb Mhnfe~lh ce Ewyoo

Kflfws~o ce Gfelgfo e Fllhtogfl ceb Mhnfe~lh ce Ewyoo

Weg~es~o~fh ce Ewsoch ce Fllhtogfl ceb Mhnfe~lh ce Ewyoo

Weg~eso~fh Mele~ob ce bo Y~ewfcelgfo ceb Mhnfe~lh ce Ewyoo

Owewh~ ce bo Dulcogfl Ghseg

Y~ewfcelse ce M~uyh Ghwelsflh

Y~ewfcelse ce Flc~o

Y~ewfcelse ce bo Gh~yh~ogfl Seglhbmfgo ce Olcobugo

Cf~egsh~ Mele~ob ce bo Dulcogfl Ghseg

Y~ewfcelse ce Goaoko~ Goao û~ob

Cf~egsh~ Mele~ob ceb Yo~que ceb Seglhbmfgh ce Olcobugo

Y~ewfcelse ce Cebhfsse

Thgob ce bo Weg~eso~o Mele~ob ce bo Y~ewfcelgfo ceb Mhnfe~lh ce Ewyoo

Y~ewfcelse ce bo Dulcogfl Ghseg

Cf~egsh~ Mele~ob ce Fltewsfmogfl ce bo Ghkfwfl Eu~hyeo

Ez Ghlweae~h ce Fllhtogfl" Gfelgfo v Eky~ewo ce bo Aulso ce Olcobugo


8/246


9/246

6

y^EWELsOGFL

Ae~lfkh Khbflo Je~~e~o !

O bh bo~mh ce bo vo cfbosoco s~ovegsh~fo ce ewso Ghbeggfl ce Ewsucfhw" yuece cegf~we

que" o yo~sf~ ceb g~fse~fh h~fmflob ce oyhwso~ yh~ bo ~eezfl youwoco v eb cfbhmh els~e cfde +

~elsew ye~wyegsftow oge~go ce bo whgfecoc v o bo eghlhko ogsuobew" jol fch ghldh~klchwe

chw bleow ecfsh~fobew el oyo~felgfo cfte~melsew" ye~h el eb dhlch ghkybekelso~fow, El bhw

wugewfthw thbkelew ce keCfse~~leh eghlkfghwe jol ghknfloch" yh~ solsh" bhw ewsucfhw

wegsh~fobew *ghkh bhw cecfgochw o bo gocelo om~hobfkelso~fo" ob ulfte~wh ce bow lolow h o bo

Eghlhko Whgfob&" ghl bow ~eezfhlew kw s~olwte~wobew whn~e cfte~whw owyegshw ce luews~o

~eobfcoc *ghkh bo s~ocfgfl ce yelwokfelsh eghlkfgh kecfse~~leh" eb y~hvegsh ce ghlws~ug+

gfl eu~hyeo h bo ghlmu~ogfl ce luews~h wuws~osh gubsu~ob ghkl&,

Yo~sfelch ce ewo y~ekfwo" lh ceao ce we~ gfe~sh que" ghkh lh yhco we~ ce hs~o ko +

le~o" bhw edegshw ce bo ogsuob g~fwfw eghlkfgo ewsl colch o~mukelshw wugfelsew ghkh yo~o

bbelo~ to~fhw lke~hw khlhm~ghw, Ow jo hgu~~fch ghl eb olse~fh~ thbukel" cecfgoch o bow

ye~wyegsftow ce dusu~h ce bo eghlhko ewyohbo" v ow wugece~ el ul dusu~h y~zfkh, Yo~o

ewse lke~h ?=" jekhw cegfcfch gels~o~lhw el ulh ce bhw owyegshw dulcokelsobew que" wfl

cuco" lhw ovuco~ o od~hlso~ bhw ~eshw legewo~fhw yo~o wuye~o~ bo ogsuob ghvulsu~o lemosfto1

bo fllhtogfl, Ul ghlgeysh que" oulque o y~fh~fyucfe~o oyo~elso~ we~ wuwgeysfnbe ce kbsfybew

v cfduwow celfgfhlew" o bh bo~mh ce bow ymflow que wfmuel eb begsh~ yhc~ ghky~hno~ gkh bo

kovh~o ce bhw oush~ew ghflgfcel el weobo~ que bh ~ebetolse ce guobqufe~ fllhtogfl ~ewfce

el eb goknfh" nowoch el bo oybfgogfl ce ghlhgfkfelsh" que oyh~so tobh~, Ulo tfwfl que" el

y~fke~o flwsolgfo" y~hgece ce bow oyh~sogfhlew ceb y~ewsfmfhwh eghlhkfwso ouws~ogh Ahweyj

O, Wgjukyese~" ~eebonh~oco yhwse~fh~kelse yh~ shchw oquebbhw fltewsfmoch~ew que we jol

y~ehguyoch ce bhw cese~kflolsew ceb g~egfkfelsh v ceb cewo~~hbbh eghlkfgh,

Ew cegf~" que kw obb ce bow ke~ow lhtecocew h ocebolshw sglfghw" bo yobon~o fllhto +

gfl" ob kelhw el eb welsfch que be jol que~fch co~ bo kovh~o ce bhw oush~ew que yo~sfgfyol el

ewse thbukel" joge ~ede~elgfo o shch goknfh que ooce tobh~ o bo ogsftfcoc eghlkfgo" que

flgh~yh~o obmh lueth ob wfwseko *vo weo el guolsh o we~tfgfhw" kshchw" y~hgewhw h y~gsfgow&,

Ce ewse khch" bo cflkfgo fllhtoch~o yuece kose~fobfo~we nfel fls~hcugfelch el eb ke~goch

ul lueth y~hcugsh" nfel flgh~yh~olch ul lueth kshch ce y~hcuggfl" nfel on~felch ul lueth

ke~goch olsew flezfwselse" h nfel fkybolsolch ulo lueto ews~ugsu~o ce cfws~fnugfl ghke~gfob,

El eb khkelsh ogsuob ew yo~sfgubo~kelse fkyh~solse y~hdulcfo~ el bo gubsu~o ce bo fllh+

togfl v ezselce~bo" kw obb ce bow tolmuo~cfow seglhbmfgow h eky~ewo~fobew" o bo whgfecoc el

wu ghlaulsh0 ulo whgfecoc que we elguels~o flke~wo el ulo ce bow kovh~ew g~fwfw eghlkfgow

! Cf~egsh~ ce Kecfse~~leh Eghlkfgh *cf~egsh~Ikecfse~~oleheghlhkfgh,ew&,


10/246

FllhtogFlvcewo~~hbbheghlkFgh

?9

ce wu jfwsh~fo, ^ewubso etfcelse que" yo~o eb kulch cewo~~hbboch" v yo~sfgubo~kelse yo~o bo tfeao

Eu~hyo" bo wobfco o ewso cfdgfb wfsuogfl jo ce telf~ ce bo kolh ce bo fllhtogfl que" el luews~h

gowh" v o l ce guelsow" lh ew wflh bo oybfgogfl ce ul ghlhgfkfelsh ogukuboch cu~olse wfmbhw"

bh que ghlwsfsuve luews~o y~flgfyob telsoao ghkyesfsfto ghl ~ewyegsh ob elh~ke yhselgfob ce boweghlhkow eke~melsew,

El eb s~lwfsh ceb khcebh flcuws~fob gbwfgh o bo lueto eghlhko que wu~me ce bo ~e +

thbugfl seglhbmfgo" bo kovh~ oyh~sogfl ce tobh~ o bo ogsftfcoc eghlkfgo lh we bfkfso o bo

~ecuggfl y~hm~ewfto ce ghwsew lf ob flg~ekelsh m~ocuob ce bo egfelgfo" wflh o bo flgh~yh~o+

gfl ghlwsolse ce tobh~" bh que ezgbuwftokelse ceyelce ce bo goyogfcoc ce fllhtogfl ce bhw

omelsew eghlkfghw, El celfsfto" v ghkh jo wugecfch wfeky~e o bh bo~mh ce bo jfwsh~fo" ew bo

y~hcuggfl ce fceow bo que el bsfko flwsolgfo ye~kfse wuye~o~ bow g~fwfw, V el ewe knfsh ceb

ghlhgfkfelsh ew y~egfwokelse chlce luews~o yhwfgfl" ghkh yowew kecfse~~lehw" yuece

we~ kw due~se el ewse kulch mbhnob,

Thbtfelch ob ghlselfch ceb y~ewelse thbukel" e~o etfcelse que" yo~o onh~co~ ul y~h +

vegsh sol oknfgfhwh ghkh wse we legewfsono ce ul ghh~cfloch~ que" ocekw ce ghlso~ ghl

ulo m~ol goyogfcoc ce s~onoah v ul ghlhgfkfelsh whn~och ce bo kose~fo el guewsfl" ~eulfewe

bo wugfelse ~ebetolgfo whgfob ghkh yo~o tflgubo~ el sh~lh o ewso hn~o o bow ye~whlobfcocew kw

cewsogocow ce bhw cfwsflshw knfshw ~ebogfhlochw ghl bo fllhtogfl" vo duewe cewce eb yulsh

ce tfwso ce bo mewsfl" ceb olbfwfw" ce bhw ogsh~ew flwsfsugfhlobew v y~ftochw" h ce bo eky~ewo,

Selfelch el guelso ewshw ghlcfgfhlolsew" bhw Ghlweahw Owewh~ v ce ^ecoggfl ce

ewso Ghbeggfl ce Ewsucfhw lh cuco~hl o bo jh~o ebemf~ o bo ye~whlo elgo~moco" Ahoqul KhvoOlmebe~" qufel" s~ow jone~ cewo~~hbboch ulo n~fbbolse go~~e~o y~hdewfhlob" ogsuobkelse y~ewfce bo

Gh~yh~ogfl Seglhbmfgo ce Olcobugo, Owfkfwkh" v selfelch el guelso wu bonh~ el eb Ghlweah

Whgfob ce bo Ulfte~wfcoc ce Obke~o" el eb gu~~gubh ceb ghh~cfloch~ ghltftel bhw tlgubhw ghl

bo eky~ewo y~ftoco" ghl bo fltewsfmogfl v ghl bo ogocekfo" que el bsfko flwsolgfo whl bhw ebe+

kelshw que ghkyhlel bo s~fybe jbfge ceb khsh~ ce bo fllhtogfl, Yh~ shch ebbh" wf~tol luews~ow

bsfkow yobon~ow yo~o joge~ ynbfghw luews~h kw y~hdulch om~ocegfkfelsh v luews~o ceuco

yo~o ghl Ahoqul KhvoOlmebe~" el solsh que jo jegjh yhwfnbe bo ebonh~ogfl ce ewso hn~o" que

ghlokhw el que weo ce usfbfcoc yo~o y~hdewfhlobew e fltewsfmoch~ew" v ghbonh~e" cels~h ce wuw

yhwfnfbfcocew" ghl bo cftubmogfl ce bo gubsu~o ce bo fllhtogfl que ~egbokol bhw oush~ew,

Obke~o" aulfh ce >9?9


11/246

??

CFE KhsFthW yOÔ FLLhtO^

Ahoqul KhvoOlmebe~ Gon~e~o !

! Y~ewfcelse ce bo Gh~yh~ogfl Seglhbmfgo ce Olcobugo,

?, Fl~cggfl

FNK" bo kubsflogfhlob ewsochulfcelwe que bbem o we~ bce~ el bhw :9 el eb wegsh~ ce bhw

ghkyusoch~ew ye~whlobew" lh suth kw ~ekecfh que ~efltelso~we o y~flgfyfhw ce bhw 69 yo~o

juf~ ce ulow y~cfcow que due~hl ~gh~c el bo jfwsh~fo eky~ewo~fob ce EEUU, Bow ezfmelgfow v

gf~gulwsolgfow ceb ke~goch jonol goknfoch v bhw kfwkhw y~hcugshw que jowso elshlgew bew

mo~olsfonol eb bfce~omh" vo lh e~ol wugfelse, Bo ~ewyuewso fllhtoch~o ce bo ghkyoo o

ewso lueto wfsuogfl ceb ke~goch due tflgubo~ o bo telso ce equfyhw bo y~ewsogfl ce we~tfgfhw

oocfchw, Bo cegfwfl due ul zfsh v ghlwfmuf ~eguye~o~ eb bfce~omh, El bo ogsuobfcoc" wbh eb?:"4% ce bhw flm~ewhw ce lemhgfh ce bo ghkyoo y~hgece ce bo telso ce jo~c}o~e" kfels~ow

que kw ceb :9% y~hgece ce bo y~ewsogfl ce we~tfgfhw" whds}o~e v hs~hw ghlgeyshw,

Ewsh ew ul gbo~h eaekybh ce kelsobfcoc fllhtoch~o, Bo goyogfcoc ce ~eoggfl yo~o

od~hlso~ bhw goknfhw ceb ke~goch yowo yh~ ulo ogsfsuc fllhtoch~o olse eb lemhgfh, Nfel ew

gfe~sh que FNK ew bo ghkyoo que kw fltfe~se el Fltewsfmogfl v Cewo~~hbbh *F+C& ceb kul+

ch" ghl kw ce 4,799 kfbbhlew ce eu~hw" 7,999 gfelsghw v 3,?:4 yoselsew el >99:" v wsow

êwkel

Bo whgfecoc fltels bo ~ueco joge ulhw 59 wfmbhw v" wflekno~mh" wbh joge ulhw ohw que o obmufel we be hgu~~fflgh~yh~o~bo o bow kobesow, We s~oso ce ulo yequeoflte~wfl ghl ul edegsh ezyhlelgfob que ew yhwfnbe m~ogfowo bo fllhtogfl,

Bo eghlhko ewyohbo s~olwfso jogfo ul lueth khcebhce g~egfkfelsh que yfthso whn~e eb ghlhgfkfelsh ghkhogsfth kw tobfhwh, Yo~o co~ ul m~ol wobsh celfsfth el

ewso cf~eggfl" ew legewo~fh y~hdulcfo~ el eb cewybfemuece bo gubsu~o ce bo fllhtogfl el eb seafch y~hcugsfth efkyubwo~ eb ewdue~h ewyohb el F+C+f o s~otw ceb s~onoah

ghh~cfloch ce Ockflfws~ogfl" Eky~ewo v Ulfte~wfcoc,Bo fllhtogfl ews el eb h~fmel ceb eky~elcfkfelsh, Shchoqueb que g~eo ulo eky~ewo bh joge el eb ghltelgfkfelshce que yuece hd~ege~ obml y~hcugsh h we~tfgfh luethob ke~goch" h nfel keah~o~ obmulh vo ezfwselse, Elewsh ghlwfwse bo fllhtogfl v ewo goyogfcoc ce keah~oghlsfluo jogfo bo ezgebelgfo lh cene ye~ce~we el ebyhwse~fh~ ~egh~~fch ce bo eky~ewo wf we qufe~e kolsele~ul cese~kfloch lfteb ce ghkyesfsftfcoc v goyogfcoc cemele~ogfl ce tobh~,

El eb y~ewelse o~sgubh" we cewm~olo ul cegbhmh cekhsfthw yh~ bhw que ew legewo~fh fkyubwo~ bo ezyolwfl cebo gubsu~o ce bo fllhtogfl,

Onws~ogs

Sje }jeeb }ow fltelsec 59 Gelsu~few omh" nus fs jow

hlbv neel o de} veo~w wflge whkehle joc sje fceo hd

flgh~yh~osflm fs flsh wufsgowew, Sjfw fw ol ezokybe hd o

wkobb fltewskels }fsj ol ezyhlelsfob eddegs sjos fw yhwwfnbe

sjol`w sh fllhtosfhl,

Sje Wyolfwj Eghlhkv fw khtflm sh}o~cw o le} m~h}sj

khceb sjos fw wuwsoflec fl `lh}becme ow sje khws tobuonbe

owwes, Fl h~ce~ sh koè o celfsfte beoy fl sjfw cf~egsfhl" fsfw legewwo~v sh wy~eoc sje gubsu~e hd fllhtosfhl sj~humjhus

sje }jhbe flcuws~v olc sh nhhws sje Wyolfwj ^$C

ezyelcfsu~e fl o ahfls eddh~s nv Mhte~lkels" Ghkyolfew

olc Ulfte~wfsfew,

Fllhtosfhl fw os sje ~hhs hd els~ey~eleu~wjfy, Olvhle }jh

wso~sw uy o ghkyolv chew fs ghltflgec sjos fs fw yhwwfnbe sh

hdde~ o le} y~hcugs h~ we~tfge" h~ sh fky~hte ol ezfwsflm

hle, Sjfw fw }jos fllhtosfhl fw obb onhus olc sjos onfbfsv

dh~ ghlsfluhuw fky~htekels wjhubc ne koflsoflec

sj~humjhus sje veo~w fd olv ghkyolv }olsw sh koflsofl fsw

ghkyesfsfteleww olc tobue g~eosfhl goyonfbfsfew,

Sjfw o~sfgbe ceobw }fsj o gosobhmue hd ~eowhlw onhus }jv fs

fw legewwo~v sh y~hkhse sje gubsu~e hd fllhtosfhl,

O~sgubhyunbfgocheleblk,

?=ceboG

hbeggflKecfse~~lehEghlkfgh1Fllhtogflvcewo~~hbbheghlkfgh

Ghh~cfloch~1AhoqulKhvo+Olmebe~Go

n~e~o

FWNL+?

716=:+:

3+6

7==56+5+=+

Ecfso1Du

lcogflGoaoko~


12/246

?>

fllhtogflvCewo~~hbbheghlkfgh

whl gfd~ow cewh~nfsocow yo~o eb seafch y~hcugsfth ewyohb" ghkyuewsh el kw ce ul 69% yh~

yvkew, Wfl ekno~mh" kw obb ce bhw lke~hw" we s~oso ce ul eaekybh ce ogsfsuc" ce goyogf +

coc ce ~eybolseokfelsh ceb y~hyfh lemhgfh jowso el obmh sol nwfgh ghkh wu gh~enuwfleww

h ogsftfcoc y~flgfyob,

Bo fllhtogfl ews el eb h~fmel ceb eky~elcfkfelsh, Shch oqueb que cegfce flfgfo~ eb

gokflh ce g~eo~ ulo lueto eky~ewo v bolo~we yh~ eb ghkybeah y~hgewh ceb eky~elcfkfelsh"

bh joge el bo ghltfggfl ce que h nfel ew goyo ce keah~o~ obml y~hcugsh h we~tfgfh ezfwselse

h nfel yh~que g~ee que ew goyo ce els~emo~ o bo whgfecoc ul y~hcugsh h we~tfgfh lueth" que

bo whgfecoc legewfso v que g~ee que yuece wosfwdoge~ ewo legewfcoc,

Fllhto~" el celfsfto" lh ew kw que bo oybfgogfl h~celoco ceb ghlhgfkfelsh o bo keah~o

h g~eogfl ce obml y~hcugsh ewelgfob que bo whgfecoc legewfso,

Soknfl ew fkyh~solse que ~eezfhlekhw whn~e eb jegjh que bo fllhtogfl lh wfeky~e

~equfe~e kowftow flte~wfhlew v que kugjow tegew ew eb ~ewubsoch ce bo oybfgogfl ce ghlhgf +

kfelsh el ulo dh~ko cfwsflso o bo que we telo jogfelch, Bew thv o co~ ul eaekybh ce shchw

ghlhgfch" que g~eh ovuco~ kugjh o cewkfsfgo~ eb ghlgeysh ce fllhtogfl1

Bo whgfecoc fltels bo ~ueco joge oy~hzfkocokelse 59 wfmbhw" y~hnonbekelse ulh ce

bhw fltelshw kw fkyh~solsew ce bo jukolfcoc, Ulo ce wuw oybfgogfhlew kw tfsobew que tekhw

shchw bhw cow ce luews~o tfco ew bo flgh~yh~ogfl ce bo ~ueco o bow kobesow,

Ewso flgh~yh~ogfl jo s~olwdh~koch ulo yo~se ce bo whgfecoc" jo cewybooch to~fhw hgfhw*yh~ eaekybh" eb ce kobese~h& v jo ghls~fnufch o keah~o~ bow ewyobcow ce gowf shchw lhwhs~hw, Wu

flgh~yh~ogfl jo ~eque~fch ce kuv yequeow flte~wfhlew v wu edegsh jo wfch kuv fkyh~solse,

Eb y~ewelse thbukel sfele bo flselgfl ce ghls~fnuf~ o bo cftubmogfl el Ewyoo ce ewso

legewo~fo gubsu~o fllhtoch~o" que lh ew kw que ulo ogsfsuc y~hgbfte o usfbfo~ eb ghlhgfkfelsh

yo~o keah~o~ bhw y~hcugshw" we~tfgfhw" y~hgewhw v jowso bo dh~ko ce mewsfhlo~ luews~ow eky~e+

wow, Ew gfe~sh que ewse y~hgewh sfele gfe~sh ghkyhlelse ce g~eosftfcoc v" ghkh sob" ce ewyhl+

solefcoc" ye~h soknfl bh ew que lh nowso ghl welso~we o ewye~o~ que lhw bbuetol bow fceow

melfobew, Ew legewo~fh oybfgo~ bo kzfko ce Eflwsefl que cfge que bo fllhtogfl ew ul ?% ce

flwyf~ogfl v ul 66% ce s~olwyf~ogfl" v yhle~ shchw bhw kecfhw yo~o ybolfgo~ v wfwsekosfo~bo fllhtogfl ce dh~ko que we ghltfe~so el ul ebekelsh ews~ugsu~ob v ews~osmfgh ce luews~ow

eky~ewow, Bo fllhtogfl ew ul s~ovegsh ce bo~mo cfwsolgfo v wbh ul ghky~hkfwh ~ke v ghl+

sfluoch el eb sfekyh ye~kfsf~ hnsele~ ~ewubsochw wosfwdogsh~fhw el s~kflhw ce y~hcugsftfcoc

v ghkyesfsftfcoc yo~o bo eghlhko ewyohbo,

Eb hnaesfth ce ewse khlhm~gh ce bo Dulcogfl Goaoko~ ew oge~go~ ulo tfwfl lsfco

v gbo~fgoch~o ce bo fllhtogfl o bow ye~whlow ol oaelow o ewse gf~gufsh v" yo~o ebbh" we jo

y~eselcfch flsem~o~ ulo ye~wyegsfto kubsfcfwgfybflo~" ghl bo ghls~fnugfl ce ye~whlobfcocew


13/246

?7

CfekhsfthwYo~ofllhto~ ( AhoqulKhvo+olmebe~ Gon~e~o

~ey~ewelsosftow ce bhw cfde~elsew omelsew ce bo gocelo ce tobh~ ce bo fllhtogfl1 Ek+

y~ewo" Ulfte~wfcoc v Ockflfws~ogfl Ynbfgo" ow ghkh fkybfgo~ o bhw y~flgfyobew bce~ew v

h~molfwkhw cf~egsokelse ~ebogfhlochw ghl bo fllhtogfl el Ewyoo, _ufe~h oy~htegjo~

yo~o om~ocege~ elgo~egfcokelse bo ~ewyuewso gkybfge ce shchw bhw ezye~shw que jolghbonh~och el ewse y~hvegsh" ow ghkh debfgfso~ o bo Dulcogfl Goaoko~ yh~ wu oge~soco

cegfwfl ce cecfgo~ ul lke~h ce wu y~ewsfmfhwo we~fe ce khlhm~ghw o ul seko ce solso

tfmelgfo v ogsuobfcoc ghkh bo fllhtogfl" que we e~fme ghkh ulo ce bow yfeow gbote ceb

lueth khcebh ce g~egfkfelsh eghlkfgh,

Ewse lueth khcebh" ceb que solsh we jonbo el shchw bhw dh~hw" ews gfkelsoch el guos~h

ebekelshw gbote1 ghlhgfkfelsh" ghkh je~~okfelso ce cfde~elgfogfl v ghkyesfsftfcoc0 ewye+

gfobfogfl" kecfolse bo dhgobfogfl el bow dh~sobeow0 flse~logfhlobfogfl" que vo lh ew ulo

hygfl wflh ulo hnbfmogfl el ul kulch mbhnobfoch e flse~ghlegsoch0 v sobelsh" yh~que wu

flgh~yh~ogfl ob seafch y~hcugsfth sfele ul edegsh s~olwdh~koch~ el bow eky~ewow,

Wonekhw que eb m~och ce fllhtogfl ce ulo whgfecoc ew cf~egsokelse y~hyh~gfhlob ob

lfteb ce cewo~~hbbh eghlkfgh" ce dh~ko que" o kecfco que oukelsol bow yoselsew" bo flte~wfl

el F+C+f" bo gobfcoc ce bow Ulfte~wfcocew" esg" we flg~ekelso soknfl eb cewo~~hbbh v bo gobfcoc

ce tfco, Bo flselwfcoc ceb mowsh el F+C ce Ewyoo shcoto we wfso el eb ?"75% ceb YFN" o

gflgh cgfkow ce bo kecfo ce bo Qhlo Eu~h v o ulo cfwsolgfo ghlwfce~onbe ceb m~uyh ce yowew

que jol ghlwemufch eb hnaesfth ce wuye~o~ bo no~~e~o ceb >% ceb YFN" ghkh whl Cfloko~go"

Obekolfo" D~olgfo" Ouws~fo" Dflbolcfo v Wuegfo0 wsow chw bsfkow yh~ elgfko flgbuwh ceb 7%,

We jol jegjh fkyh~solsew ewdue~hw el bhw bsfkhw ohw" ye~h eb moy que cenekhw wobto~

shcoto lhw ezfme ul ~fskh kugjh kw flselwh,

El ewse o~sgubh fls~hcugsh~fh" ~eyowo~ekhw eb cegbhmh ce ~ohlew yh~ bow que ew le +

gewo~fh fllhto~, Goco khsfth cewm~olo obmulh ce bhw flm~ecfelsew legewo~fhw yo~o onh~co~ bo

otelsu~o ce bo fllhtogfl" que" el bhw wugewfthw goysubhw" ezybfgo~l ghl kw cesobbe v cewce

cfde~elsew eldhquew bhw ezye~shw que jol ghbonh~och el ewse khlhm~gh,

>, Fllogfl" fle~wfl mow8

Fllhto~ ew yelwo~ v joge~ jhv bh que selekhw que joge~ yo~o we~ kw ghkyesfsfthw

koolo, Ew d~eguelse que bow ogsftfcocew ce F+C" solsh ynbfgow ghkh y~ftocow" we dh~kubel

noah eb eym~ode ce mowsh" guolch el ~eobfcoc cenel we~ ghlwfce~ocow ulo flte~wfl yh~que

~eyh~so~ol ul ~elcfkfelsh o bo eky~ewo el dh~ko ce yoselsew" luethw y~hcugshw" bleow ce

lemhgfh" y~hgewhw kw y~hcugsfthw" esg, Bo fllhtogfl cene we~ elselcfco ghkh ulo flte~wfl

o kecfh v bo~mh yboh" vo que eb hnaesfth ce bo ews~osemfo ce fllhtogfl ce ulo eky~ewo ew

mele~o~ tobh~ v wu lobfcoc lh ew eb ~ewubsoch ceb y~hvegsh el w kfwkh" wflh eb tobh~ oocfch

que oyh~so ob lemhgfh,


14/246

?3


Wonekhw que" el s~kflhw mele~obew" wbh ulh ce goco s~ew y~hvegshw ce F+C+f se~+

kflo ghl zfsh" ye~h lh~kobkelse wse ghkyelwo ghl g~egew eb d~ogowh ce bhw hs~hw chw, Bo

otelsu~o ce bo fllhtogfl lh cene ghlsekybo~we noah bo ezyegsosfto ceb gh~sh yboh0 eb gfgbh

ce fllhtogfl1 flte~wfl" cewo~~hbbh y~hcugsh" ghke~gfobfogfl" ew legewo~fokelse bo~mh vocekw cene we~ ghlsfluoch v ghlwfwselse yo~o que weo d~ugsde~h,

El ewse welsfch" ew fkyh~solse que bow yvkew weol ghlwgfelsew ce que bo fllhtogfl ew

~elsonbe yh~ w kfwko, Weml ul ewsucfh y~ewelsoch el >996 yh~ eb Gels~h yo~o eb Cewo~~hbbh

Seglhbmfgh e Flcuws~fob *GCSF&" bow eky~ewow que fltfe~sel el F+C+f flg~ekelsol ul ?4% wu

y~hcugsftfcoc" ul ?:% eb tobh~ ce wuw ezyh~sogfhlew" mele~ol kw ekybeh v kw ewsonbe v

whn~etftel keah~ o bo g~fwfw, Eb kfwkh ewsucfh ghl~ko que bow cfde~elgfow els~e fllhto~ v

lh fllhto~ whl kw ogelsuocow el eb ghbegsfth ce bow yvkew que el bow m~olcew ghkyoow,

Els~e ewsow cfde~elgfow o doth~ ce bow eky~ewow fllhtoch~ow" cewsogo eb g~egfkfelsh el bo gfd~o

ce telsow" que ~emfws~o ul flg~ekelsh ocfgfhlob ceb >% el eb ye~fhch olobfoch *>995>994&,Nuelo yo~se ceb ghkyh~sokfelsh yhwfsfth ce bow telsow ews ~ebogfhloch cf~egsokelse ghl bo

fls~hcuggfl ce fllhtogfhlew el eb ke~goch,

Ghkh guobqufe~ flte~wfl ce dusu~h v que lh mele~o ul ~cfsh flkecfosh" el khkelshw

ce flge~sfcukn~e eghlkfgo ghkh bhw ogsuobew" bo fllhtogfl yuece cewye~so~ bo selsogfl ce

we~ oyo~goco yo~o yhgow keah~ew" bh que wuyhlc~o ul m~ote e~~h~, Ew yhwfnbe que weo lege+

wo~fh ghlsele~ eb mowsh" ye~h lulgo yhle~ o jfne~lo~ bo fllhtogfl yh~que" guolch flselsekhw

cewye~so~ ceb beso~mh" we~ cekowfoch so~ce v luews~hw ghkyesfch~ew lhw jon~l ocebolsoch,

Luews~o flte~wfl el fllhtogfl ce jhv mele~o~ luews~ow telsoaow ghkyesfsftow ce koolo

v" wf cegfcfkhw lh oyhwso~ yh~ ewso to" cenekhw we~ ghlwgfelsew ce que el eb dusu~h lh lhwqueco~ kw ~ekecfh que ghkyesf~ o s~otw ceb y~egfh,

7, E ~egf gk dog~ ce gkefffcoc8

El eb ghlsezsh ce ul ke~goch goco te kw mbhnob" bow telsoaow ghkyesfsftow el ghwsew

vo lh ezfwsel, Bo ~ecuggfl ce ghwsew yuece we~ ulo ghlcfgfl legewo~fo" ye~h lh wugfelse

yo~o eb zfsh el ke~gochw ce obso ghkyeselgfo, Yo~o ghlwemuf~ ulo cfde~elgfogfl whwselfco

el eb sfekyh" ew legewo~fh usfbfo~ bo fllhtogfl,

Auol El~que Gonhs" y~hdewh~ ce bo Ulfte~wfcoc ce Jo~to~c v ezye~sh el eb fkyogsh

ce bo ~ethbugfl melsfgo el bhw lemhgfhw" ybolseo bo wfmufelse ~eezfl el wu bfn~h Kfels~ow

eb dusu~h se obgolo1

Wf bo ~fqueo y~htfele ceb goyfsob flsebegsuob" bow whgfecocew que bhm~el g~eo~bh selc~l m~olcew

nelegfhw, Bow que lh bh jomol" wemuf~l s~onoaolch kw cu~h yh~ molo~ goco te kelhw, _ue~ekhw

ghkyesf~ ghl Gjflo el kolh ce hn~o no~oso" h ghl Gh~eo ceb Wu~ el fllhtogfl seglhbmfgo8,


15/246

?5


Ew hntfh que bo mbhnobfogfl v eb cewo~~hbbh ce bow Seglhbhmow ce bo Fldh~kogfl v bo Gh+

kulfgogfl *SFG& ghlcugel yh~ ewse gokflh, Ghkh weobo eb Fldh~ke Ghseg >996" eb cewgelwh

el bhw ghwsew bhmwsfghw ye~kfse o ulo eky~ewo we~ kw egfelse don~fgolch el ulo unfgogfl v

telcfelch el hs~ow" bh que joge yhwfnbe weyo~o~ dwfgokelse y~hcuggfl v ghlwukh" kfels~owque eb uwh ce bow SFG" yh~ wu yo~se" ye~kfse eb ~yfch s~olwyh~se ce fldh~kogfl" bh que dogfbfso

bo ghh~cflogfl ce cfde~elsew so~eow ~eobfocow el cfwsflshw bumo~ew, Ew cegf~" vo ew yhwfnbe

weyo~o~ lh wbh y~hcuggfl v ghlwukh" wflh soknfl bow cfde~elsew so~eow ce y~hcuggfl els~e

w, We yowo" yh~ solsh" o yhce~ ghke~gfo~ghl so~eow v lh wbh ghl y~hcugshw, Bo ghkyeselgfo

kulcfob vo lh we nowo el elghls~o~ bow unfgogfhlew kw egfelsew yo~o bo shsobfcoc ce bow

gocelow ce tobh~ ce bow eky~ewow" wflh el cewgun~f~ bhw keah~ew bumo~ew chlce bbeto~ o gonh

bhw cfde~elsew ebekelshw que ghkyhlel bow kfwkow,

El ewse ghlsezsh" Ewyoo lh yuece ye~kfsf~we ghkyesf~ el y~egfh, El eb elsh~lh ce ul

kulch goco te kw mbhnob" bo ghkyesfsftfcoc ce ulo eghlhko cewo~~hbboco ~ewfce el wugoyogfcoc ce hd~ege~ ob ke~goch kulcfob ebekelshw cfde~elgfobew, Yo~o ebbh" ew legewo~fh

oyhwso~ yh~ ul khcebh eghlkfgh nowoch el eb ghlhgfkfelsh v bo fllhtogfl" bh que legewfso

v" o wu te" mele~o ul goyfsob jukolh guobfgoch v cfdgfb ce wuwsfsuf~, Bo goyogfcoc ce y~hcugf~

el we~fe yuece cewbhgobfo~we" ye~h bo goyogfcoc ce mele~o~ luethw y~hcugshw h we~tfgfhw h

luetow dh~kow ce y~hcugf~" lh, Bow luetow seglhbhmow wbh we cewbhgobfol o bo~mh yboh v

wbh wf ezfwse ul lfteb ce ghlhgfkfelsh ghkyo~onbe el eb elsh~lh ce cewsflh,

3, bo egfcoc ce fekYewe o que bo fllhtogfl mele~o el hgowfhlew m~olcew wobshw guobfsosfthw" bo oyuewso

yh~ bo F+C+f cene elselce~we ghkh ul y~hgewh ethbusfth" que ye~kfse o bo eky~ewo ocoyso~we

ghlsfluokelse o ul elsh~lh goknfolse yo~o kolsele~ wu ghkyesfsftfcoc, Eb ~ebha ceb ke~goch

lh co s~emuo v" el ul cewgufch" luews~hw ghkyesfch~ew yuecel wogo~lhw kflushw ce telsoao

que yuecel we~ g~ugfobew,

Ew legewo~fh ~eezfhlo~ whn~e eb jegjh ce que bo tebhgfcoc ceb sfekyh jo goknfoch,

Ceb kfwkh khch que eb ono~osokfelsh ceb s~olwyh~se" bo ~ethbugfl SFG v bo bfne~obfogfl ceb

ghke~gfh jol s~olwdh~koch bow d~hlse~ow mehm~gow" soknfl jol s~olwdh~koch bow kecfcowsekyh~obew, Eb ewg~fsh~ J, M, ]ebbw cfah el ulo ghlde~elgfo y~hlulgfoco el ?69>1 El eb wfmbh

yowoch" junh kw goknfhw que cu~olse bhw kfb ohw olse~fh~ew, V bhw que hgu~~f~l el eb lueth

wfmbh jo~l que bhw ceb yowoch oyelow weol ye~geysfnbew?, Eb cetelf~ ce bhw oghlsegfkfelshw

lhw ghl~ko eb ogfe~sh ce wuw yobon~ow, Bo ~ethbugfl seglhbmfgo v ce bow ghkulfgogfhlew

jo s~olwdh~koch bo ulfcoc ce sfekyh" ce dh~ko que bo tebhgfcoc ceb goknfh ew fllfsokelse

wuye~fh~ que joge wbh ul yo~ ce cgocow, Cu~olse ohw" bow eky~ewow we ghkulfgonol o

s~otw ceb sebdhlh" eb gh~~eh yhwsob v eb doz" v o bh bo~mh ce bo bsfko cgoco eb 69% ce ebbow jol

? Yulwes *>993&,


16/246

?4


kfm~och o bo ghkulfgogfl to ekofb" bh que jo cfwyo~och bo tebhgfcoc ce ~eoggfl v ce bow

s~olwoggfhlew ghke~gfobew, El bhw bsfkhw ?9 ?5 ohw" bhw goknfhw seglhbmfghw jol otol +

och kugjh kw que el shco bo jfwsh~fo ce bo jukolfcoc v" el ewso th~mfle" ew dulcokelsob

ewso~ el eb bumo~ oceguoch el eb khkelsh oceguoch,

Bo lfgo dh~ko ce ewso~ ob co ew ochyso~ ulo ogsfsuc fllhtoch~o" sele~ ulo m~ol goyogf+

coc ce ~ewyuewso v ocoysogfl o ewse ewgelo~fh goknfolse o s~otw ce bo fllhtogfl" wfmufelch

eb y~flgfyfh co~}flfolh ce bo webeggfl losu~ob que o~ko que lh whn~etftel bhw kw due~sew

lf bhw kw flsebfmelsew" wflh bhw que keah~ we ocoysol ob elsh~lh,

5, bgo mno8

Eb g~egfkfelsh ceb ghke~gfh flse~logfhlob" bhw uahw lolgfe~hw" bo ~ecuggfl ce bhw

ghwsew bhmwsfghw v eb fkyogsh ce bow SFG jo ezselcfch o shco tebhgfcoc eb delkelh ce bo

mbhnobfogfl, Eb eldhque wfkybfwso ce kf~o~ wbh eb ke~goch bhgob fkybfgo m~olcew chwfw ce

~fewmh" yh~que ezfwse ulo selcelgfo kulcfob gbo~o el bhw lemhgfhw jogfo ul ke~goch e fcfhko

lfghw, Bow d~hlse~ow logfhlobew vo lh ko~gol eb bkfse ce bhw lemhgfhw v ew cfdgfb wone~ ce

clce y~hgece~ luews~h yhwfnbe ghkyesfch~ koolo,

El ul kulch mbhnobfoch" bo telsoao ghkyo~osfto el bhw ke~gochw flse~logfhlobew vo

wbh yuece y~hgece~ h nfel ce ghwsew bonh~obew v wgobew flde~fh~ew" que os~oel bo bhgobfogfl

ce eky~ewow que ghkyfsel el ghwsew0 h nfel yh~ bo goyogfcoc seglhbmfgo h ce fltewsfmogflv cewo~~hbbh" que ye~kfse don~fgo~ y~hcugshw cfde~elgfochw,

Olse ewso wfsuogfl" bo keah~ kole~o ce ewso~ y~eyo~ochw yo~o kolsele~ ulo yhwfgfl

ghkyesfsfto o lfteb flse~logfhlob ew ulo oyuewso ghlsfluoco yh~ bo F+C+f, Bo cfde~elgfogfl o

s~otw ce bo fllhtogfl ew ulo ews~osemfo oge~soco yo~o cedelce~ bo wflmubo~fcoc ce bo eky~ewo,

Ce ewso kole~o" bo ghkyoo ghlwfmue keah~ow ce wuw y~hcugshw v we~tfgfhw que bhw cfde~elgfol

ce wuw yhselgfobew ghkyesfch~ew v bhw jogel lfghw el eb ke~goch mbhnob,

El bhw wegsh~ew flcuws~fobew ghl gfgbh ce tfco ce y~hcugsh gh~sh" whn~e shch el bow ek +

y~ewow ce obso seglhbhmo" bo ~eguye~ogfl ce bow flte~wfhlew el F+C+f soknfl hnbfmo o ewso~y~ewelsew el to~fhw yowew ghl lfgjhw ce cekolco wfkfbo~ew,

Eb delkelh ce bo flse~logfhlobfogfl odegso soknfl ob y~hyfh y~hgewh fllhtoch~,

Eb Fldh~ke Ghseg >996 weobo que bo kovh~ ghkybeafcoc ce bhw y~hvegshw ce F+C soknfl

jo bbetoch o bow eky~ewow o nuwgo~ bow kole~ow kw egfelsew ce eaeguso~bhw kecfolse bo

ghhye~ogfl flse~logfhlob" bo ezybhsogfl flse~logfhlob ceb ghlhgfkfelsh v bo goysogfl ce

ye~whlob guobfgoch wfl fkyh~so~ wu logfhlobfcoc,


17/246

?=


El Sje telsu~ewhke eghlhkv" Oko~ Njfc" y~hdewh~ ce bo Ulfte~wfcoc ce Ghbuknfo

*Lueto Vh~`&" weobo que co fmuob el qu yow we jovo cewo~~hbboch eb F+C, Bo gbote ce bo

y~hwye~fcoc ce ul yow lh whl wuw cewgun~fkfelshw gfelsghw v seglhbmfghw" wflh bo goyogfcoc

que sfele ul eky~elcech~ ce goysu~o~ ewhw cewgun~fkfelshw, Yh~ ewse khsfth" ew legewo~fhcewo~~hbbo~ ul gf~gufsh ce fllhtogfl onfe~so" ghl goyogfcoc ce y~hwyegsfto v ce flgh~yh~ogfl

ceb ghlhgfkfelsh legewo~fh obb chlce we elguels~e,

4, Fllo~ el o eo ce o~oo

El >996" we geben~ eb 39 olfte~wo~fh ceb y~fke~ lhch ceb y~hvegsh O^YO *Octolgec

^eweo~gj Y~haegsw Omelgv&" ce bo que wu~mf~o Flse~les, El wbh guos~h cgocow" we jo cewybe+

moch ul delkelh wfl y~egecelsew que jo ~ethbugfhloch bow ghkulfgogfhlew" bhw lemhgfhw veb otolge ceb ghlhgfkfelsh, O ul ~fskh te~sfmflhwh" we jo seafch ulo sebo ce o~oo que jo se~kf+

loch yh~ elthbte~ eb yboleso v que lh wonekhw clce bbemo~" ye~h que" flcuconbekelse" jo

goknfoch eb ~uknh ce bo eghlhko v ce shchw bhw wegsh~ew" lh wbh ce bow sebeghkulfgogfhlew

v bo fldh~ksfgo, Yh~ eaekybh" bo ghcfgogfl ceb melhko v eb cewo~~hbbh ogsuob ce bo nfhseg+

lhbhmo lh we~ol yhwfnbew wf lh we junfe~ol yhcfch yhle~ el ~ec ulo we~fe ce goyogfcocew

fldh~ksfgow v ce ghkyusogfl,

Bo yhwfnfbfcoc ce s~owboco~ cewce Emfysh o EEUU shch eb ghlselfch ce bo Nfnbfhsego ce

Obeaolc~o el wbh guewsfl ce kflushw e~o fkyelwonbe joge wbh ulhw ohw, El bo ogsuobfcoc"

lh wbh ew yhwfnbe s~owboco~ golsfcocew flmelsew ce fldh~kogfl o m~ol tebhgfcoc" wflh quebo kfwko fldh~kogfl yuece we~ ghlwubsoco cewce cfde~elsew yulshw ceb yboleso el eb kfwkh

khkelsh el eb que we mele~o, Bo fldh~kogfl hl bfle el sfekyh ~eob ew bo kovh~ ~ethbugfl

eghlkfgo ce bhw bsfkhw sfekyhw v jo hsh~moch ul lueth ~fskh o bo eghlhko v bhw lemhgfhw"

que ojh~o whl flwsolslehw, Y~ueno ce ebbh ew que ulo cese~kfloco lhsfgfo eky~ewo~fob ce

ul yow el tow ce cewo~~hbbh yuece joge~ soknobeo~ bhw y~flgfyobew ke~gochw nu~wsfbew ceb

kulch el guewsfl ce wemulchw, Eb yhselgfob ce bo m~ol sebo ce o~oo que flse~ghlegso o bhw

gfucocolhw ce shch eb kulch ew flgobgubonbe,

Ewso ews~ugsu~o ceb s~onoah el ~ec ghlegso ghl eb khcebh ce dulgfhlokfelsh oceguoch

yo~o bo fllhtogfl, Ghkh ezybfgo~ekhw el eb wfmufelse oyo~soch" bo ghhye~ogfl v eb ghlhgf +kfelsh ghkyo~sfch whl gbotew el eb cewo~~hbbh ce ulo fllhtogfl onfe~so,

Flse~les v eb wegsh~ ce bow SFGw el mele~ob soknfl jol wfmlfgoch ulo ~ethbugfl yo~o

bo F+C+f, We s~oso ce ul wegsh~ ews~osmfgh yh~ wu s~olwte~wobfcoc v ghlwsfsuve ul te~coce~h

~etubwfth yo~o bo fllhtogfl el hs~hw wegsh~ew, Eb wegsh~ SFG guelso ghl ul khcebh y~hcug+

sfth eaekybo~ yo~o eb lueth khcebh ce g~egfkfelsh yh~que ews nowoch el eb ghlhgfkfelsh

v onfe~sh o bhw ke~gochw mbhnobew v guelso ghl ulo obso flgh~yh~ogfl ce seglhbhmo v ulo


18/246

?:


ebetoco flselwfcoc el F+C+f, Yh~ ewse khsfth" bow SFG whl y~hkhsh~ow ce bo fkybolsogfl ce

ewse lueth khcebh y~hcugsfth el hs~hw wegsh~ew v ogsol ghkh je~~okfelsow v ogebe~och~ow

ce bo fllhtogfl el bhw wegsh~ew que bow usfbfol,

=, Ge~o~ gkef~8

Ew dulcokelsob sele~ ulo tfwfl onfe~so ceb y~hgewh ce bo fllhtogfl" ew cegf~" ulo

cfwyhwfgfl gbo~o o fllhto~ el ~ec" vo que lh wfeky~e bhw luethw ghlhgfkfelshw legewo~fhw

we elguels~ol cels~h ce bo eky~ewo, Ce jegjh" ew fkyhwfnbe cfwyhle~ ce shco bo fldh~kogfl

ogsuobfoco v bhw keah~ew ezye~shw el eb welh ce ulo ghkyoo" yh~ bh que bo ghhye~ogfl we

ybolseo ghkh bo kole~o kw flsebfmelse ce mewsfhlo~ bo fllhtogfl, Ewso ghhye~ogfl yuece

sele~ ulo s~fybe cfkelwfl1 ghl hs~ow eky~ewow" ghl bo ulfte~wfcoc(kulch gfelsgh v ghl

hs~hw wegsh~ew,

Bo ghbonh~ogfl ghl whgfhw seglhbmfghw yo~o fllhto~ kubsfybfgo ezyhlelgfobkelse bow

yhwfnfbfcocew ce zfsh v ye~kfse owyf~o~ o hnaesfthw kw obshw, Wbh bo obfolo ce ulo eky~ewo

SFG v ul jhwyfsob yuece co~ bumo~ o ul wfwseko ce ghkulfgogfhlew que ~ethbugfhlo bo oselgfl

jhwyfsobo~fo" ow ghkh bo ghbonh~ogfl ce ulo ~ko nfhseglhbmfgo v ulo om~hobfkelso~fo ew

goyo ce cewo~~hbbo~ luethw obfkelshw ghl go~ogse~wsfgow nelegfhwow yo~o bo wobuc, Bo due~+

o ce bo ghhye~ogfl el F+C+f ~ecfkelwfhlo bo goyogfcoc ghkyesfsfto ce bow eky~ewow, Ewso

tfwfl ce s~onoah el ~ec ew ewyegfobkelse sfb yo~o bow yvkew" que cenel cewgun~f~ bo telsoao

ce s~onoao~ el ghlezfl ghl eb kulch gfelsgh v el ghbonh~ogfl ghl hs~ow eky~ewow yo~ooggece~ o y~hvegshw kw oknfgfhwhw,

Ohw os~w" ezfwso bo selcelgfo mele~obfoco o ghlwfce~o~ bo fllhtogfl ghkh ul yos~f+

khlfh y~ftoch v elge~~och cels~h ce bow yo~ecew ce bo eky~ewo" ye~h bo tebhgfcoc ceb otolge

seglhbmfgh v ceb ghlhgfkfelsh jo egjoch yh~ sfe~~o ewso yhwsu~o, El wu bumo~" we ews fkyhlfelch

bo fllhtogfl onfe~so" que ~hkye bhw ku~hw ce bo eky~ewo yo~o ewsonbege~ bohw ce ghhye~ogfl

ghl whgfhw seglhbmfghw que ovucel o ghlwemuf~ bhw hnaesfthw ko~gochw, Eb ghlhgfkfelsh sfb

v legewo~fh yo~o fllhto~" ew cegf~" yo~o bhm~o~ keah~ow ghkyesfsftow ce luews~hw y~hcugshw v

we~tfgfhw" lh wfeky~e ews cels~h ce bo eky~ewo v bo telsoao ghkyesfsfto wu~me ce bo jonfbfcoc

yo~o bhgobfo~ e flsem~o~ ghlhgfkfelshw v seglhbhmow solsh y~hyfhw ghkh oaelhw,

Ghkh flcfgo eb y~hdewh~ Olshlfh Jfcobmh>" bo flse~oggfl el eb ko~gh seglhbmfgh we

y~hcuge yh~ yo~se ce ulo eky~ewo ghl hs~ow h~molfogfhlew *lh wbh eky~ewow& ghl bow que

wfkubsleokelse ghkyfse v ghhye~o" solsh el bo mele~ogfl ce seglhbhmo otoloco" ghkh

el wu flgh~yh~ogfl o bhw y~hgewhw y~hcugsfthw v ob cewo~~hbbh ce luethw y~hcugshw, O ewse

sfyh ce ghhye~ogfl" we be celhkflo ghhye~ogfl seglhbmfgo ews~osmfgo e flgbuve soknfl bo

ghbonh~ogfl bfmoco o bo mewsfl ceb ghlhgfkfelsh,

> Jfcobmh *>994&,


19/246

?6


Bo fllhtogfl onfe~so ghlwfwse el ul s~onoah el ~ec el eb que shchw bhw ebekelshw ceb

wfwseko ewsl h yuecel ewso~ ghlegsochw" bh que kubsfybfgo ezyhlelgfobkelse bo goyogfcoc

ce mele~o~ ~ewubsochw, El bo ogsuobfcoc" bo fldh~kogfl we kuete sol ~yfch m~ogfow o bow lue+

tow seglhbhmow *whn~e shch" Flse~les& v we s~olwdh~ko sol ~yfch *yh~ bo tebhgfcoc ceb goknfhseglhbmfgh& que ~ewubso fkyhwfnbe yo~o ulo eky~ewo kolsele~we ob co yh~ w whbo,

Weml bhw coshw hgfobew" shcoto ew legewo~fh y~hdulcfo~ el m~ol kecfco eb lfteb ce

ghhye~ogfl el fllhtogfl el bo eky~ewo ewyohbo, Weml bhw bsfkhw coshw ceb FLE7" wbh ul

?5"=% ce bow eky~ewow fllhtoch~ow h ghl fllhtogfhlew el gu~wh h lh ezfshwow *EFL& ~eobf

ghhye~ogfl el fllhtogfl el eb ye~fhch >994>99:, Bo ghhye~ogfl suth bumo~" y~flgfyobkel+

se" ghl y~hteech~ew *ul 3:"4% ceb shsob&" ulfte~wfcocew *7?"3%& v ghlwubsh~ew" bonh~osh~fhw

ghke~gfobew h flwsfsushw y~ftochw ce F+C *>5":%&, Yh~ bh solsh" shcoto ew y~egfwh otolo~ el

eb cewybfemue ce ulo fllhtogfl onfe~so que yfthse whn~e bo ghhye~ogfl els~e whgfhw seglh+

bmfghw v ghl eb kulch gfelsgh,

:, ulfe~wfcoc" cewelwo ce glgfkfel

Ewse ybolseokfelsh ghhye~osfth cene s~owboco~we soknfl o bow ~ebogfhlew ce bo Eky~ewo

ghl bo Ulfte~wfcoc, Bow eky~ewow fllhtoch~ow cenel oy~htegjo~ bo telsoao que wuyhle eb

ghlhgfkfelsh mele~och el eb elsh~lh gfelsgh yo~o nuwgo~ bow whbugfhlew oceguocow o bow

legewfcocew ce wu lemhgfh v o bow cekolcow ceb ke~goch, Wf bo yfec~o olmubo~ ceb lueth

khcebh ce g~egfkfelsh eghlkfgh ew eb ghlhgfkfelsh" ew hntfh que bo Ulfte~wfcoc" que jomele~och v guwshcfoch eb wone~ cu~olse wfmbhw" cene cewekyeo~ ul yoyeb y~hsomhlfwso,

Ew etfcelse que ulo eky~ewo lh yuece ghlso~ cels~h wu ews~ugsu~o ghl bhw keah~ew

ezye~shw ce shcow bow kose~fow ~ebogfhlocow ghl wu ogsftfcoc v" ob kfwkh sfekyh" vo ezfwse

ul m~ol wshg`ce ghlhgfkfelsh seglhbmfgh ce gobfcoc yelcfelse ce usfbfogfl el eb kulch

gfelsgh, Ew fkyh~solse ~edh~o~ bhw yuelsew que ghlegsol oknhw kulchw yo~o dogfbfso~ ul

s~onoah el ~ec" ce dh~ko que eb ghlhgfkfelsh mele~och el goco y~hvegsh ~eculce el eb otol+

ge seglhbmfgh ceb wfwseko v yueco ~ete~sf~ el hs~hw y~hvegshw" ghkh ulo gocelo kbsfybe ce

mele~ogfl ce tobh~,

Bhw ghlhgfkfelshw v bow seglhbhmow g~eocow o yo~sf~ ce bo ogsftfcoc fltewsfmoch~o yuecel

we~ ezybhsochw ghke~gfobkelse o s~otw ce wu oybfgogfl el bow eky~ewow" vo weo kecfolse

bo usfbfogfl ce bfgelgfow ce yoselsew" bo ghhye~ogfl el bo g~eogfl ce ghlhgfkfelsh h el eb

cewo~~hbbh ce eky~ewow ce nowe seglhbmfgo, Ghkh flcfgo eb Fldh~ke GVC >99:" ce ewso kole~o

eb tlgubh els~e Ulfte~wfcoc v Eky~ewo auemo ul yoyeb dulcokelsob el bo gubsu~o eky~elcech~o

v el eb cflokfwkh ce bo ogsftfcoc fllhtoch~o ce bo eghlhko,

7 FLE *>99:&,


20/246

>9


Bo se~ge~o m~ol kfwfl ce bo Ulfte~wfcoc" aulsh o bow s~ocfgfhlobew ce chgelgfo e fltewsf+

mogfl" ew eb we~tfgfh o bo whgfecoc o s~otw ce bo s~olwde~elgfo ce seglhbhmo v eb keah~ gokflh

yo~o ghlwemuf~bh ew o s~otw ce bo ghhye~ogfl ghl eb seafch eky~ewo~fob,

Weml ul ghkulfgoch ce bo Ghkfwfl Eu~hyeo3" yo~o keah~o~ bo s~olwde~elgfo ce seglh+

bhmo els~e bow flwsfsugfhlew ce fltewsfmogfl v bow eky~ewow ew legewo~fh ~edh~ko~ bo mewsfl

ce bo fltewsfmogfl ulfte~wfso~fo" h~felslchbo jogfo bo y~ewsogfl ce we~tfgfhw que dogfbfsel bo

ghhye~ogfl ghl eb wegsh~ eky~ewo~fob, Ulo to yo~o oukelso~ bo ghhye~ogfl els~e ewshw chw

wegsh~ew" weml eb Fldh~ke GVC >99:" ew bo ~ecuggfl ce bow no~~e~ow bemobew" v eb oukelsh

ce bhw flgelsfthw yo~o bo ghhye~ogfl" yh~ kecfh ce bo ~eh~felsogfl ce bhw dhlchw ynbfghw"

bhw guobew cenel ewso~ elgokflochw o dogfbfso~ bo s~olwde~elgfo ce seglhbhmo, El Ewyoo"

ezfwsel cfte~whw y~hm~okow que oyulsol ob oyhvh ce bo fltewsfmogfl el ghhye~ogfl els~e

ulfte~wfcocew v eky~ewow" ghkh eb Y~hm~oko Gelfs,

Eb No~kes~h >99: ce bo Dulcogfl GVC whn~e selcelgfow el eb wfwseko ulfte~wfso~fh

ewyohb cesegs que oquebbow selcelgfow que keah~o~hl ce ulo kole~o kw ghlwfce~onbe

due~hl bo fkyh~solgfo que selo yo~o bo Ulfte~wfcoc wu ~ebogfl ghl bo Eky~ewo" v bo chsogfl

ce fld~oews~ugsu~ow yo~o bo gfelgfo" bo seglhbhmo v bo g~eogfl v s~olwde~elgfo ce ghlhgfkfelsh,

Bo ghhye~ogfl Ulfte~wfcocEky~ewo dulgfhlo ghkh ulo wfknfhwfw nelegfhwo yo~o

oknow yo~sew, Ce ul boch" bhw m~uyhw ce fltewsfmogfl hnsfelel ce ewso ghbonh~ogfl ulo duelse

ce lolgfogfl" kovh~ h~felsogfl ob ke~goch" ogsuobfogfl ce wuw y~hm~okow el dulgfl ce bo

cekolco v h~felsogfl ce bo fltewsfmogfl o bo whgfecoc, Yh~ wu yo~se" bow eky~ewow hnsfelel

ghlhgfkfelsh v seglhbhmo ce obso gobfcoc v goyfsob jukolh guobfgoch o y~egfhw ~ohlonbew,

3 Ghkfwfl Eu~hyeo *>99=&,

M~gh ?, Ehbugfl ce bo yo~sfgfyogfl ce bo lolgfogfl eky~ewo~fob el eb mowsh el F+C ulfe~wfso~fh *>99994&,El yh~gelsoae whn~e eb shsob ce mowsh el F+C

Duelse1 Fldh~ke GVC >99:,


21/246

>?


Ewse sfyh ce ghhye~ogfl ew ewyegfobkelse telsoahwo yo~o bow yvkew" yo~o bow que lh ew

sfb owukf~ ulo ghwshwo ews~ugsu~o flse~lo cecfgoco o bo fltewsfmogfl v" wfl ekno~mh" yuecel

nelegfo~we ceb ghlhgfkfelsh ewyegfobfoch que vo ezfwse el bo Ulfte~wfcoc,

6, G~o flloc~o1 we loge we joge8

Eb jukh~fwso v mufhlfwso o~melsflh" Obch Gokko~hso" cfah ulo te el gbote ce jukh~

que ulh ce bhw kw we~fhw y~hnbekow ceb kulch ogsuob ew que kugjow ye~whlow g~eel que"

yh~que jol ewsucfoch" lh sfelel que yelwo~, Bo n~hko sfele ul s~owdhlch kugjh kw we~fh

ce bh que yueco yo~ege~, Bo ke~o ogukubogfl ce ghlhgfkfelsh lh mo~olsfo bo ethbugfl h

keah~o, Jov ul flm~ecfelse sol fky~ewgflcfnbe yo~o bo fllhtogfl ghkh ew bo wob yo~o bo ghkfco1

we s~oso ce bo g~eosftfcoc,

Bo fllhtogfl legewfso ce ul elsh~lh ce kelsobfcoc onfe~so el bo eky~ewo, Cenekhw

we~ ghlwgfelsew ce que bhw y~hgecfkfelshw ewsonbegfchw lh wfeky~e whl bhw fclehw h" ob

kelhw" yuecel ceao~ ce we~bh ghl eb yowh ceb sfekyh, Ew fkyh~solse bfne~o~we ce bo g~eelgfo

ce que bow ghwow lh yuecel joge~we ce hs~h khch v ceao~ yowo~ bo g~eosftfcoc ghkh yue~so

ce els~oco o bo fllhtogfl,

Bo g~eosftfcoc el bo eky~ewo ew bo goyogfcoc ce dh~kubo~ luetow owhgfogfhlew v ezy~e+

wo~ luetow fceow, D~else o bo ~ewyuewso ewssfgo ce ewsh wfeky~e we jo jegjh ow h ewh ew

fkyhwfnbe" bow ye~whlow ghl kelsobfcoc fllhtoch~o we y~emulsol yh~ qu lh8, Lh shcow bowye~whlow ewsl chsocow ce ewso goyogfcoc el bo kfwko kecfco" ye~h w ew yhwfnbe y~hkhte~

bo gubsu~o fllhtoch~o el eb ghlaulsh ce y~hdewfhlobew que ghkyhlel ulo h~molfogfl" oy~h +

tegjolch wfle~mfow els~e bow ye~whlow kw g~eosftow ghl hs~ow ye~whlobfcocew" g~eolch bhw

y~hgecfkfelshw v ybolfgogfl ews~osmfgo que sfelcol jogfo ewo gubsu~o eky~ewo~fob,

Ce ewso dh~ko" bow ghkyoow cenel dhkelso~ bo gubsu~o ce bo fllhtogfl" yh~que wso

lh ew wbh d~ush ce bo gowuobfcoc" wflh que ~ewyhlce o ul y~hgewh wfwseksfgh e flselgfhlob que

cene we~ mewsfhloch, Ew gfe~sh que ezfwse ul ghkyhlelse ce ewyhlsolefcoc" ye~h soknfl cene

y~hkhte~we v ybolfgo~we, Bo fllhtogfl lh ew ulo khco lf ul buah ce m~olcew h~molfogfhlew,

Guobqufe~ eky~ewo ce guobqufe~ sokoh lh wbh yuece wflh que cene fllhto~, Oulque gocoy~hvegsh ce F+C+f ew tobfhwh yh~ w kfwkh" kovh~ tobh~ ol que flfgfo~ ul y~hvegsh ofwboch sfele

bo els~oco ce bo eky~ewo el eb gf~gufsh ce bo fllhtogfl" ce dh~ko que wso fky~emle shco wu

ews~ugsu~o v dh~ke yo~se ce wu ews~osemfo, Bo eky~ewo fllhtoch~o cene ~eobfo~ ulo ybolfgo+

gfl ews~osmfgo ce wu F+C+f v onh~co~bo cewce ulo tfwfl mbhnob e flsem~och~o, El celfsfto"

wf nfel jov ulo yo~se que loge ghl bow ye~whlow" bo gubsu~o fllhtoch~o ghkh h~molfogfl we

g~eo" we oy~elce h we mele~o,


22/246

>>


?9, Eb obh~ ce bow ye~whlow

El eb lueth ghlsezsh ce bo eghlhko ceb ghlhgfkfelsh" eb ~egu~wh kw tobfhwh ce bow

h~molfogfhlew whl bow ye~whlow, Bo fllhtogfl legewfso v" o wu te" mele~o ul goyfsob jukolh

guobfgoch v cfdgfb ce wuwsfsuf~,

Eb ghlgeysh ce ekybeh jo goknfoch yh~ ghkybesh ~ewyegsh o hs~hw sfekyhw v we go +

~ogse~fo yh~ luethw dogsh~ew ghkh bo sekyh~obfcoc" eb ghlhgfkfelsh v bo khtfbfcoc, Ce shchw

ewshw ebekelshw" wfl cuco eb kw fkyh~solse ew eb ghlhgfkfelsh h `lh}jh}" que ew bh que

joge ~eobkelse flwuwsfsufnbe ob s~onoaoch~ v ye~kfse mele~o~ tobh~ oocfch, El bo ogsuobfcoc"

eb ekybeh ews kw bfmoch que lulgo ob jegjh ce we~ ezye~sh el obmh,

Eb ewdue~h el fllhtogfl ghlcuge ob cewo~~hbbh seglhbmfgh v o ulo ewyegfobfogfl ce

bo kolh ce hn~o v eb seafch y~hcugsfth que dh~sobege v mo~olsfo wu whwselfnfbfcoc, Ocekw" ebcewo~~hbbh ce bo fllhtogfl mele~o ul oknfelse que doth~ege bo os~oggfl ce sobelsh ob se~~fsh~fh"

vo que bo duelse ce lolgfogfl yo~o bo fltewsfmogfl que wuyhlel bhw y~hvegshw ce F+C+f v

bow hyh~sulfcocew ce s~onoah ~ey~ewelsol ul obfgfelse yo~o ~esele~ ~egu~whw jukolhw ce obsh

tobh~ el bo hlo e flgbuwh os~oe~bhw cewce hs~ow,

Shchw bhw ewdue~hw oghkesfchw yo~o h~felso~ bo eghlhko ewyohbo jogfo ul khcebh

nowoch el bo fllhtogfl v ghlhgfkfelsh whl eb onhlh ce ul ke~goch bonh~ob kw ewsonbe o

kecfh v bo~mh yboh" ghl ul kelh~ yewh ce kolh ce hn~o flselwfto v" yh~ eb ghls~o~fh" ulo

kovh~ guobfgogfl v ewyegfobfogfl, Eb Fldh~ke Ghseg >996 weobo que1

Eb goyfsob jukolh" bhw ghlhgfkfelshw v jonfbfcocew ce que cfwyhlmol bow ye~whlow que tftel el

Ewyoo" whl ul dogsh~ g~ugfob yo~o bo ghkyesfsftfcoc ce bo eghlhko v yo~o bo yo~sfgfyogfl ogsfto ce bo

whgfecoc v ce bow eky~ewow el bo cflkfgo ce fllhtogfl el que we jobbo eb yow,

Ob olobfo~ bhw coshw flse~logfhlobew que y~hyh~gfhlo bo HGCE yo~o eb ye~fhch ?665>994"

eb Fldh~ke Ghsegweobo que eb ekybeh el F+C ~ewyegsh ob shsob ce bo yhnbogfl ekybeoco jo g~e+

gfch el Ewyoo" el ewe ye~fhch" ce dh~ko ghlwfce~onbekelse kovh~ que el D~olgfo" Obekolfo"

Yhbhlfo" ^eflh Ulfch e Fsobfo,

Wfl ekno~mh" bow ogsftfcocew ce F+C shcoto ekybeol wbh ob ?9"4 yh~ kfb ce bo yhnbogflhguyoco" v eb 54% ceb ye~whlob ekybeoch el F+C gh~~ewyhlce ob Wegsh~ Ynbfgh *Ockflfws~ogfl

Ynbfgo v Ulfte~wfcocew&, Ce bow >?5,4=4 ye~whlow que s~onoaonol el ogsftfcocew ce F+C el

Ewyoo el >99:" eb 49% whl fltewsfmoch~ew" v shcoto kelhw ceb 39% whl kuae~ew5,

5 FLE *>99:n&,


23/246

>7


M~gh >, Ehbugfl ceb lke~h ce hguyochw el F+C *el EAG& yh~ goco kfb hguyochw el Ewyoo"Yhbhlfo v hs~hw s~ew m~olcew yowew eu~hyehw els~e ?665" >999" >995 v >994, El solshw yh~ kfb

Duelse1 Fldh~ke Ghseg >996,

El eb ke~goch bonh~ob ogsuob" ezfwse ulo hde~so nowsolse bfkfsoco ce cf~egsfthw y~eyo~ochw

el owyegshw ewyegghw ce mewsfl ce bo fllhtogfl" ul gokyh que lh we jo cewo~~hbboch solsh

el bo dh~kogfl eky~ewo~fob d~else o hs~hw ghkh bo gobfcoc h bhw ^^JJ, Bow ulfte~wfcocew" eb

wegsh~ y~ftoch v bo y~hyfo Ockflfws~ogfl sfelel" yh~ solsh" ~eshw fkyh~solsew que onh~co~ yo~o

cewo~~hbbo~ ewso ~eo ce dh~kogfl,

??, bo fceo we joge lemgf

Kecfolse bo y~hseggfl ce bo y~hyfecoc flcuws~fob" bo fceo yuece ghlte~sf~we el lemhgfh,

Bo y~hseggfl ce bow fllhtogfhlew mele~o ul kovh~ ~elcfkfelsh ce bo flte~wfl el F+C+f"

oukelso eb yhce~ ce lemhgfogfl el gowhw ce s~olwde~elgfo ce seglhbhmo v" el celfsfto"

y~hvegso ulo fkomel yhwfsfto ce bo eky~ewo v wuw goyogfcocew seglhbmfgow" ob sfekyh que

g~eo hnwsgubhw o bo ghkyeselgfo yo~o eb oggewh o wuw ke~gochw,

Ulo yoselse h ul khcebh ce usfbfcoc ghlgecel o wu sfsubo~ eb ce~egjh ezgbuwfth ce

fkyecf~ o hs~hw que usfbfgel ghke~gfobkelse bo fltelgfl yoselsoco" ghl bh que ~ecugel

bo flge~sfcukn~e" eb ~fewmh v bo ghkyeselgfo ce fkfsoch~ew v ~ey~ewelso" yh~ bh solsh" ulo

telsoao ghkyesfsfto, Bo y~hseggfl yh~ yoselse ce bow fltelgfhlew *fllhtogfhlew el y~hcug+

shw h y~hgewhw& ghls~fnuf~ o ~eguye~o~ bhw mowshw v hnsele~ ul kovh~ ~elcfkfelsh ce bow

flte~wfhlew el F+C+f,


24/246

>3


Weml ul ewsucfh ceb GCSF" bo d~eguelgfo ghl bo que bow eky~ewow yoselsol wuw fllh+

togfhlew ew kugjh kw noao que bo d~eguelgfo ghl bo que fllhtol, Bow m~olcew ghkyoow

~emfws~ol ghl kovh~ d~eguelgfo yoselsew que bow yvkew, Yo~o oknhw ghbegsfthw" we ghlsonfbfo

ul kovh~ yh~gelsoae ce eky~ewow ghl yoselsew el oquebbhw wegsh~ew ghlwfce~ochw ce lftebseglhbmfgh noah,

Bo wfsuogfl ce Ewyoo el y~hcuggfl ce yoselsew shcoto ew bfkfsoco" ye~h jo

~emfws~och ul g~egfkfelsh whwselfch el bhw bsfkhw ohw" ghl ulo fkyh~solse ghls~fnugfl

ce bo Ulfte~wfcoc,

Lh we s~oso ce ye~wemuf~ yoselsew yh~ elgfko ce shch" vo que lh wfeky~e we~ wso bo

whbugfl kw oceguoco yo~o bow legewfcocew v hnaesfthw ce bo eky~ewo" ye~h w ew dulcokel+

sob bo ybolfgogfl ce bo y~hseggfl flcuws~fob" ce dh~ko que we olobfge ce kole~o wfwseksfgo

gub ew bo to oceguoco yo~o y~hseme~ v ghke~gfobfo~ bhw ~ewubsochw ce bo F+C+f cewo~~hbboco,

Bo ~ethbugfl ce bow sebeghkulfgogfhlew que cewg~fnokhw el oyo~sochw olse~fh~ew jo

cewybemoch ulo ~ec ce ke~gochw seglhbmfghw4" el bhw que goco te ew kw jonfsuob ghk+

y~o~ v telce~ seglhbhmo, Ulo eky~ewo que cesegse ulo cekolco ceb ke~goch vo lh sfele

ghkh lfgo hygfl yhwfnbe cewo~~hbbo~ flse~lokelse bo seglhbhmo legewo~fo yo~o gun~f~bo" ow

ghkh ulo eky~ewo que ghlwfmo ulo lueto seglhbhmo sokyhgh sfele que yhwee~ bhw ~egu~whw

yo~o don~fgo~ v ghke~gfobfo~ bhw nfelew, Bhw ke~gochw seglhbmfghw ye~kfsel o bow eky~ewow

ogsuo~ ghkh y~hteech~ew v uwuo~fhw ce seglhbhmow" bh que fkybfgo ulo mewsfl kw y~hogsfto

ce bo y~hyfecoc flsebegsuob" kovh~ oselgfl o bo tfmfbolgfo seglhbmfgo v cfwyhwfgfl o owukf~

lhtecocew ghkh bo ghky~o ce bfgelgfow" bo g~eogfl ce ahflstelsu~ewh bo ghky~o ce seglhbhmo

ezse~lo, Bo selcelgfo g~egfelse o nuwgo~ e flgh~yh~o~ ghlhgfkfelsh ezse~lh yo~o bhw y~hgewhwce fllhtogfl ce ulo eky~ewo we flsem~o el eb ghlgeysh ce fllhtogfl onfe~so v ~eculco el

bo legewfcoc ce ulo mewsfl ybolfgoco ce bo y~hseggfl flcuws~fob,

?>, Glgwflew

Bo eghlhko ewyohbo s~olwfso jogfo ul lueth khcebh ce g~egfkfelsh que yfthso whn~e

eb ghlhgfkfelsh ghkh ogsfth kw tobfhwh, Yo~o co~ ul m~ol wobsh celfsfth el ewso cf~eggfl" ew

legewo~fh y~hdulcfo~ el eb cewybfemue ce bo gubsu~o ce bo fllhtogfl el eb seafch y~hcugsfth e

fkyubwo~ eb ewdue~h ewyohb el F+C+f o s~otw ceb ewdue~h ghlaulsh v ghh~cfloch ce Ockflfw+s~ogfl" Eky~ewo v Ulfte~wfcoc,

El ghlg~esh" bo Ockflfws~ogfl Ynbfgo jo aumoch ul yoyeb gbote ghkh khsh~ ceb ewdue~h

el fllhtogfl el bhw bsfkhw ohw v we jol cewybemoch bow fld~oews~ugsu~ow legewo~fow yo~o lh

ceao~ yowo~ ewse s~el, Ojh~o" ew legewo~fh que bo eky~ewo ewyohbo shke eb ~ebeth v owuko bo

flfgfosfto el bo khtfbfogfl ce dhlchw jogfo bo F+C+f el ghbonh~ogfl ghl eb kulch gfelsgh,

4 Dhwdu~f *>9?9&,


25/246

>5


El Olcobugo" ghlsokhw ghl ulo flfgfosfto y~hkhtfco yh~ bo Ghlweae~o ce Fllhtogfl" Gfelgfo

v Eky~ewo ce bo Aulso ce Olcobugo que jo ghlaumoch nfel ewe s~fybe ewdue~h ghh~cfloch ce

wegsh~ ynbfgh" y~ftoch v gfelsgh, We s~oso ce bo Gh~yh~ogfl Seglhbmfgo ce Olcobugo *GSO&"

elsfcoc que y~ewfch" ulo dulcogfl ynbfghy~ftoco que lolgfo y~hvegshw eky~ewo~fobew ceF+C+f el bhw que hnbfmosh~fokelse cenel yo~sfgfyo~ m~uyhw ce fltewsfmogfl ulfte~wfso~fhw, Ewse

ewqueko ce s~onoah ews wekn~olch eb me~kel ce ulo lueto gubsu~o fllhtoch~o el eb seafch

eky~ewo~fob olcobu,

Ezfwsel flluke~onbew khsfthw yo~o fllhto~" wf nfel el ewse o~sgubh we jo eluke~och ul

cegbhmh ce bow ~ohlew kw etfcelsew, Eb ewdue~h el F+C+f lh ew ul mowsh wflh ulo flte~wfl

~elsonbe v bo eky~ewo ewyohbo lh yuece ye~kfsf~we ghkyesf~ el ghwse wflh el tobh~ oocfch,

Bo tebhgfcoc ceb goknfh seglhbmfgh oy~ekfo o ewso~ ob co v bo oyuewso yh~ bo fllhtogfl ovuco

o yhwfgfhlo~we el eb ke~goch mbhnob, Ew y~egfwh sele~ ulo tfwfl onfe~so ceb y~hgewh ce fllh +

togfl" ghl ulo cfwyhwfgfl gbo~o o fllhto~ el ~ec o s~otw ce bo ghhye~ogfl" jogfelch uwhceb yhselgfob ce bow Seglhbhmow ce bo Fldh~kogfl v bo Ghkulfgogfl *SFG&" v colch gonfco o

bo g~eosftfcoc kecfolse eb dhkelsh ce ulo gubsu~o fllhtoch~o el bo eky~ewo, El ewse lueth

khcebh ce g~egfkfelsh nowoch el eb ghlhgfkfelsh" eb ~egu~wh kw tobfhwh ce bow h~molfogfh+

lew whl bow ye~whlow v bo ulfte~wfcoc we e~fme ghkh ulo sfb duelse ce ~egu~whw seglhbmfghw"

ghlhgfkfelsh v goyfsob jukolh guobfgoch, Yh~ bsfkh" bhw ~ewubsochw ce ewe ewdue~h el F+C+f

yuecel ~elsonfbfo~we kecfolse ulo ews~osemfo ce y~hseggfl ce bow fllhtogfhlew ghlwemufcow,

?7, Nfnfm~odo

NJFC" O, *>99:&1 Sje telsu~ewhke eghlhkv1 jh} fllhtosfhl wuwsofl y~hwye~fsv fl o kh~e

ghllegsec }h~bc, Y~flgeshl" Y~flgeshl Ulfte~wfsv Y~eww,

GOWSOLV" B, v ZFD^ HBFTO" ^, *>996&1 Y~hcugsftfcoc" ghkyesfsftfcoc e fllhtogfl el

Ewyoo, Koc~fc" Dulcogfl Ghseg yo~o bo Fllhtogfl Seglhbmfgo,

GCSF *>996&1 Fkyogsh ce bo F+C+f el eb wegsh~ y~hcugsfth ewyohb, Koc~fc" Ceyo~sokelsh

ce Ewsucfhw ceb Gels~h yo~o eb Cewo~~hbbh Seglhbmfgh e Flcuws~fob *GCSF&,

GHKFWFL EU^HYEO *>99=&1 Fky~htflm `lh}becme s~olwde~ nes}eel ~eweo~gj flwsfsusfhlw

olc flcuws~v og~hww Eu~hye1 ekn~ogflm hyel fllhtosfhl, 3,3,>99= GHK *>99=& ?:> lob"

N~uwebow" Ghkfwfl Eu~hyeo,

GHSEG *>99: v >996&1 Seglhbhmo e fllhtogfl el Ewyoo,Fldh~ke GHSEG, Koc~fc" Dul+

cogfl Ghseg yo~o bo Fllhtogfl Seglhbmfgo,

EL^_UEQ GONHS" A, *>99:&1 Kfels~ow eb dusu~h se obgolo, Ecfsh~fob M~faobnh,


26/246

>4


DHWDU^F" O, *>9?9&1 Ke~goch ce seglhbhmo" ews~osemfow v go~ogse~wsfgow, Koc~fc" Dulcogfl

Ghseg yo~o bo Fllhtogfl Seglhbmfgo,

DULCOGFL GVC *>996&1 Bo ghls~fnugfl ce bow ulfte~wfcocew ewyohbow ob cewo~~hbbh,Fldh~ke >99:, No~gebhlo" Dulcogfl Ghlhgfkfelsh v Cewo~~hbbh *GVC&,

JFCOBMH" O, *>994&1 Kegolfwkhw ce s~olwde~elgfo ce seglhbhmo v y~hyfecoc flcuws~fob

els~e bo Ulfte~wfcoc" bhw H~molfwkhw Ynbfghw ce Fltewsfmogfl v bow Eky~ewow, Ghbeggfl

EHF Seglhbhmo e Fllhtogfl" HEYK *Hgflo Ewyohbo ce Yoselsew v Ko~gow&,

jssy1((}}},fnk,ghk

jssy1((}}},fle,ew

jssy1((}}},heyk,ew

FLE *>99:o&1 Elguewso whn~e fllhtogfl seglhbmfgo ce bow eky~ewow >99:, Koc~fc" Flwsfsush

Logfhlob ce Ewsocwsfgo,

FLE *>99:n&1 Ewsocwsfgo whn~e ogsftfcocew ce F+C >99:" Koc~fc" Flwsfsush Logfhlob ce Ewsocwsfgo,

YULWES" E, *>993&1 Go~o o go~o ghl bo tfco" bo kelse v eb ulfte~wh, No~gebhlo" Ecfsh~fob Cewsflh,


27/246

?, Eb yh~qu ce bo fllhtogfl>, Ogsh~ew el bo fllhtogfl7, Bo fllhtogfl el Ewyoo3, Kecfco e fkyogsh ce bo fllhtogfl

Fllogflv cewo~~ eglkfg


28/246


29/246

>6

uLO bEV yO^O bO GFELGFO V bO FLLhtOGFL CEb WFMbh ZZF

G~fwsflo Mo~kelcfo Kelcfnob !

^ewkel

Eb ?> ce ko~h ce >9?9" eb Ghlweah ce Kflfws~hw oy~hn ebolsey~hvegsh ce bo dusu~o Bev ce bo Gfelgfo" bo Seglhbhmov bo Fllhtogfl, Ulo flfgfosfto bemfwbosfto que onh~co ghltobelso v oknfgfl s~ew owyegshw que" ob kelhw cu~olsebo bsfko cgoco" ghl fmuob legewfcoc ye~h quf kelh~u~melgfo que jhv" bhw omelsew ceb wfwseko ce gfelgfo vseglhbhmo jol weoboch ghkh cegfwfthw yo~o eb y~hm~ewhv ghlte~melgfo ce luews~ow goyogfcocew gfelsgow v

seglhbmfgow, El celfsfto" eb sezsh ewsonbege ul lueth

ko~gh v ulow ~embow ceb auemh cfweocow yo~o ~ewhbte~bow flegfelgfow h y~flgfyobew guebbhw ce nhsebbo ce luews~h

wfwseko ce F+C+f,

Onws~ogs

Hl Ko~gj ?>" >9?9" sje Wyolfwj Mhte~kels oyy~htec sje

c~ods hd sje dusu~e Wgfelge" Segjlhbhmv olc Fllhtosfhl Ogs,

O bemfwbosfte flfsfosfte sjos ceobw }fsj ghu~ome olc oknfsfhl

sh sj~ee owyegsw sje wgfelge olc segjlhbhmv wvwsekw

omelsw jote neel fcelsfec ow g~fsfgob sh sje y~hm~eww olcghlte~melge hd hu~ goyonfbfsfew hl wgfelge olc segjlhbhmv"

os beows cu~flm sje bows cegoce" }fsj wfkfbo~ leecflm nus

ye~joyw beww u~mels sjol shcov, Fl wjh~s" sje sezs y~htfcew

o le} d~oke}h~` olc ~ubew cewfmlec sh ~ewhbte koah~

fledgfelgfew fl hu~ wvwsek hd ^+C+f,

! Kflfws~o ce Gfelgfo e Fllhtogfl ceb Mhnfe~lh ce Ewyoo,

Eb ?> ce ko~h ce >9?9" eb Ghlweah ce Kflfws~hw oy~hn eb olsey~hvegsh ce bo dusu~o

Bev ce bo Gfelgfo" bo Seglhbhmo v bo Fllhtogfl, Ulo flfgfosfto bemfwbosfto que onh~co ghl

tobelso v oknfgfl s~ew owyegshw que" ob kelhw cu~olse bo bsfko cgoco" ghl fmuob lege +

wfcoc ye~h quf kelh~ u~melgfo que jhv" bhw omelsew ceb wfwseko ce gfelgfo v seglhbhmo

jol weoboch ghkh cegfwfthw yo~o eb y~hm~ewh v ghlte~melgfo ce luews~ow goyogfcocew

gfelsgow v seglhbmfgow,

El y~fke~ bumo~" bo Bev onh~co bo ebfkflogfl ce no~~e~ow v ~fmfcegew ce luews~h wfwseko

ce F+C+f, Ewso ebfkflogfl ce no~~e~ow keah~o~ wfmlfgosftokelse bo khtfbfcoc ce bhw fltew+

sfmoch~ew" ewsonbege~ luetow dh~kow ghls~ogsuobew cf~fmfcow o bhm~o~ ulo go~~e~o gfelsgo

kw ewsonbe v nowoco el k~fshw v ewsfkubo~" kecfolse cfte~wow kecfcow" bo s~olwde~elgfo

ceb ghlhgfkfelsh, Owyegshw shchw que bfkfsol luews~o goyogfcoc yo~o ~esele~ v os~oe~ sobelsh"

cfgubsol bo ghlwhbfcogfl ce bo ezgebelgfo gfelsgo" fkyfcel bhm~o~ luethw knfshw yo~o eb

bfce~omh gfelsgh v d~elol bo legewo~fo ghlte~wfl ce luews~ow goyogfcocew gfelsgow el

yhselgfob fllhtoch~, Ewso bsfko guewsfl" ew ewyegfobkelse ~ebetolse el eb ghlsezsh ce goknfh

ce khcebh y~hcugsfth yh~ eb que shchw ewsokhw s~onoaolch,

El wemulch" bumo~ eb sezsh flgh~yh~o kecfcow cf~fmfcow o bhm~o~ ul wfwseko ce F+C+f kw

egfelse v kw ego, Ul wfwseko kw egfelse el eb dulgfhlokfelsh ce bhw omelsew yo~sfgu+

bo~kelse ce bhw H~molfwkhw Ynbfghw ce Fltewsfmogfl v soknfl el bo mewsfl ce bhw dhlchw

ynbfghw que bo Ockflfws~ogfl Mele~ob ceb Ewsoch cewsflo o F+C" kecfolse bo ghlte~wfl ce bow

ogsuobew ulfcocew mewsh~ow o ulo lueto ews~ugsu~o ce mewsfl bo dusu~o Omelgfo Ewyohbo ce

Fltewsfmogfl kw khce~lo" ewsonbe v ezfnbe, Bo Bev ye~wfmue soknfl ul wfwseko ce F+C+f


?=ceboG



n~e~o

FWNL+?

716=:+:

3+6

7==56+5+=+

Ecfso1Du

lcogflGoaoko~


30/246

79


kw ego el bo kecfco el que dogfbfso" h~felso e flgelsfto bhw lew o bhw que we cewsflol bhw

~egu~whw ynbfghw que obfkelsol cfgjh wfwseko" ewsh ew1 bo mele~ogfl ce ghlhgfkfelsh" wu

cfduwfl v wu oybfgogfl,

El se~ge~ bumo~" ewso Bev loge ce ul ghky~hkfwh ghl eb cewo~~hbbh ce ulo te~coce~o

whgfecoc ceb ghlhgfkfelsh v eb fkyubwh o ulo eghlhko kw whwselfnbe v yh~ ebbh flgbuve bow

oggfhlew legewo~fow yo~o cewo~~hbbo~ ul elsh~lh y~hgbfte o bo fllhtogfl ghl bow bfkfsogfhlew

que eb ko~gh ghkyeselgfob v bo y~hyfo cflkfgo ce bo fllhtogfl eky~ewo~fob lhw fkyhlel,

El celfsfto" eb sezsh ewsonbege ul lueth ko~gh v ulow ~embow ceb auemh cfweocow yo~o

~ewhbte~ bow flegfelgfow h y~flgfyobew guebbhw ce nhsebbo ce luews~h wfwseko ce F+C+f,

Bo Bev soknfl oyh~so ul lueth khcebh ce mhne~lolo ceb Wfwseko Ewyohb ce Gfelgfo

v Seglhbhmo v bh joge wfelch ews~fgsokelse ~ewyesuhwo ghl eb ko~gh ghkyeselgfob ye~h" ob

kfwkh sfekyh" ghl bo oknfgfl ce s~olwdh~ko~ bow ogsuobew ~ebogfhlew els~e ockflfws~ogfhlew1

ul khcebh yhgh egfelse v yhgh ghh~cfloch" que ews d~elolch luews~o ghkyesfsftfcoc gfelsgo

e fljfnfelch eb cewo~~hbbh ce ulo eghlhko fllhtoch~o,

El ewse welsfch" eb nh~~och~ ce olsey~hvegsh cele ul khcebh ce mhne~lolo que flgbuve

flws~ukelshw ce ghh~cflogfl ow ghkh bo ybolfgogfl y~hwyegsfto ce hnaesfthw ghkyo~sfchw

o kecfh v bo~mh yboh, Yo~o ebbh we cele ul flws~ukelsh nwfgh1 bo Ews~osemfo Ewyohbo ce

Gfelgfo v Seglhbhmo" que wuwsfsuve o bo ELGVS *>99=>9?5&" v que bo lueto Bev dh~kobfo

ghkh ko~gh ce ~ede~elgfo sekyh~ob el eb que we flgh~yh~o~l bow bleow mele~obew ce ogsuogfl

ce bhw Ybolew ewsosobew v oushlkfghw" ow ghkh bhw kegolfwkhw v g~fse~fhw ce o~sfgubogfl

ce bo Ews~osemfo ghl bow yhbsfgow wegsh~fobew ceb Ewsoch" ce bow Ghkulfcocew Ouslhkow v ce

bo Ulfl Eu~hyeo,

Ewso lueto o~qufsegsu~o flwsfsugfhlob ews h~felsoco o cfweo~ yhbsfgow kw egogew"

wfl~mfgow v goyogew ce bhm~o~ g~eo~ kowow g~sfgow flse~logfhlobkelse ghkyesfsftow, Hnaesf+

thw" shchw ebbhw" que tol o onh~co~we selfelch kuv el guelso que bo gfelgfo v bo fllhtogfl

whl ogsftfcocew bfmocow ob sobelsh v o bo g~eosftfcoc" v ghkh sobew wu y~flgfyob ogsfth whl bow

ye~whlow, Bhw gfelsghw whl eb nfel kw tobfhwh ceb wfwseko v yh~ ewh bo Bev" yh~ elgfko ce

shch" ews eldhgoco o dogfbfso~ eb s~onoah ce shco bo ghkulfcoc gfelsgo,

wse ew eb ghlsezsh el eb que bow ~edh~kow que eb lueth sezsh fls~hcuge el ~ebogfl o bhw

fltewsfmoch~ew" cenel elselce~we, El yo~sfgubo~ ewso Bev ghlsfele fkyh~solsew otolgew que

keah~ol bo wfsuogfl ce bo ghkulfcoc gfelsgo cewce to~fow ye~wyegsftow1

o& Bo Bev okybo bo ghlwfce~ogfl ce ye~whlob fltewsfmoch~ o bhw y~hdewfhlobew que

cewo~~hbbol guobqufe~ ogsftfcoc gfelsgo el bow Ulfte~wfcocew v el bhw gels~hw ceb

Wfwseko Logfhlob ce Wobuc" ow ghkh ob ye~whlob que ~eobfo F+C el hs~hw omelsew

ynbfghw v y~ftochw ceb wfwseko,


31/246

7?

fllhto~elsfekYhwCeg~fwfw ( G~fwsflo mo~Kelcfo Kelcfnob

n& Bo Bev ~eghlhge eb tobh~ ce bo khtfbfcoc ce bhw fltewsfmoch~ew v bo y~hkuete ke+

cfolse bo ebfkflogfl ce bow no~~e~ow jowso ojh~o ezfwselsew, Bo khtfbfcoc cels~h

ceb wegsh~ ynbfgh ewsonbegfelch yowo~ebow v o~khlfolch ewgobow v els~e wse v

eb wegsh~ eky~ewo~fob ew ul owyegsh dulcokelsob cewce bo ye~wyegsfto ceb wfwsekogfelsgh ye~h soknfl yo~o fkyubwo~ bo s~olwde~elgfo ce ghlhgfkfelsh" que ocekw

oyhvo~ekhw kecfolse hs~ow kecfcow ewyeggow,

g& Ghkh ulo ce bow flfgfosftow kw s~olwdh~koch~ow" bo Bev chso o bo ghkulfcoc gfelsgo

el eb wegsh~ ynbfgh ce ulo go~~e~o fltewsfmoch~o que ~ecuge bo flge~sfcukn~e el eb

fsfle~o~fh ewsonbegfch" ogh~so eb ye~fhch ce ewsonfbfogfl v wfkybfgo bow ghlcfgfhlew

ce oggewh0 mo~olsfolch ob kfwkh sfekyh bo etobuogfl yh~ k~fshw v bo ezgebelgfo,

El ~ebogfl o bo go~~e~o fltewsfmoch~o" chw whl bhw m~olcew otolgew ce ewso Bev,

Yh~ ul boch" bo g~eogfl ce ul ghls~osh ewyeggh que ~eghlhge eb ewsosuw bonh~obce bhw fltewsfmoch~ew y~echgsh~obew" mo~olsfolch ob kfwkh sfekyh eb ghkyhlel+

se dh~kosfth flebucfnbe ce ewse ye~fhch, Ewse ghls~osh" ghl ulo cu~ogfl kzfko

ce 3 ohw" wuwsfsuve ob ogsuob khcebh ghlsekyboch el eb Ewsosush ceb Ye~whlob

Fltewsfmoch~ el Dh~kogfl v wfso o Ewyoo el bo tolmuo~cfo flse~logfhlob el

ewse knfsh aulsh ghl obmulhw yowew ewgolcflothw v D~olgfo,

Yh~ hs~h boch" bo Bev ewsonbege ul lueth kegolfwkh ghls~ogsuob yo~o eb oggewh

ce bhw fltewsfmoch~ew ob wfwseko ynbfgh, Ul ghls~osh ah que wuwsfsuve ob ogsuob

khcebh ce ghls~oshw sekyh~obew whkesfch o etobuogfl gu~~fgubo~, Bo wuye~ogfl

ce cfgjo etobuogfl el bhw ybohw que we ewyegfgol 7 5 ohw ye~kfsf~ og+gece~" kecfolse ul wfwseko ewyegfob v lhtechwh" o bow Ewgobow ce Fltewsfmoch~ew

ce bhw HYF h ob Gue~yh ce Y~hdewh~ew Sfsubo~ew ce Ulfte~wfcoc,

c& Yh~ bsfkh" bo Bev keah~o bo goyogfcoc ceb wfwseko yo~o os~oe~ sobelsh kecfolse bo g~eogfl

ceb ghls~osh ce y~hdewh~ cfwsflmufch v ebfkflolch bow no~~e~ow lh~kosftow ezfwselsew yo~o

os~oe~ fltewsfmoch~ew el ghlcfgfhlew ghkyesfsftow o lfteb flse~logfhlob,

Mhne~lolo v go~~e~o fltewsfmoch~o whl wfl cuco chw ce bhw knfshw el bhw que bo lueto

Bev ew kw s~olwdh~koch~o" ghkh soknfl bh ew el bh que we ~ee~e o wu oyh~sogfl ob goknfhce khcebh y~hcugsfth v el bo ghlws~uggfl ce ulo eghlhko kw whwselfnbe,

Bo gfelgfo ewyohbo we jo cewo~~hbboch ewyegsogubo~kelse el bhw bsfkhw ohw" owgel+

cfelch teflse yhwfgfhlew el eb ~ol`flmmbhnob" jowso ghlte~sf~lhw el bo lhtelo yhselgfo gfel+

sgo kulcfob" wfl ekno~mh" bo n~egjo seglhbmfgo que lhw weyo~o ce hs~hw yowew ce luews~h

elsh~lh lh we jo ge~~och v" ocekw" wuw edegshw lemosfthw el luews~o eghlhko whl goco te

kw fkyh~solsew, Yh~ ebbh" jhv kw que lulgo ~ewubso fky~ewgflcfnbe flthbug~o~ o bo gfelgfo v

o bo fllhtogfl el bo ~eguye~ogfl v el eb g~egfkfelsh eghlkfgh,


32/246


33/246

77

fllhto~elsfekYhwCeg~fwfw ( G~fwsflo mo~Kelcfo Kelcfnob

Bo Omelgfo Ewsosob ce Fltewsfmogfl" aulsh ghl eb Gels~h yo~o eb Cewo~~hbbh Seglhbmfgh

Flcuws~fob *GCSF& ewsl bbokochw o we~ bhw chw omelsew y~flgfyobew ce lolgfogfl ce bo F+C+f

ceb Ewsoch v o oknhw bew gh~~ewyhlce~" bo celfgfl v yuewso el y~gsfgo ce y~hgewhw ce

etobuogfl ~fmu~hwhw que owemu~el o bo whgfecoc bo s~olwyo~elgfo" bo oceguogfl v bo hyh~su+lfcoc ce bhw ~egu~whw owfmlochw,

Ocekw ce shch bh olse~fh~kelse ezyuewsh" bo lueto Bev flgh~yh~o ul ghlaulsh ce

kecfcow que wfsol o bo bemfwbogfl ewyohbo el bo tolmuo~cfo eu~hyeo el kose~fo ce gfelgfo

seglhbhmo e fllhtogfl v ~ey~ewelsol ul ghky~hkfwh flebucfnbe ghl bo whwselfnfbfcoc whgfob"

eghlkfgo v kecfhoknfelsob,

Els~e ewsow kecfcow cewsogol eb ~eghlhgfkfelsh ce y~flgfyfhw dulcokelsobew el kose~fo

ce fmuobcoc ce mle~h0 eb ~eghlhgfkfelsh ce ce~egjhw whgfobew fmuobkelse dulcokelsobew o bhw

atelew fltewsfmoch~ew0 eb ghky~hkfwh ghl bo cfduwfl ulfte~wob ceb ghlhgfkfelsh0 bo flgh~yh+~ogfl ce bo cfkelwfl sfgo h bo fls~hcuggfl ce luetow y~gsfgow el kose~fo ce ghhye~ogfl

gfelsgo v seglhbmfgo ob cewo~~hbbh,

Yh~ bsfkh" bo Bev o~sfgubo keah~ bow ~ebogfhlew v eb cfbhmh els~e Gfelgfo" Seglhbhmo"

Fllhtogfl v Whgfecoc ~eghlhgfelch bow ogsftfcocew ce cftubmogfl v ce gubsu~o gfelsgo v ce

fllhtogfl ghkh ghlwuwsolgfobew o bo go~~e~o fltewsfmoch~o,

We s~oso" ghkh ghlgbuve eb nh~~och~ el wu ezyhwfgfl ce khsfthw ce keah~o~ bo ghk +

y~elwfl v bo ye~geygfl whgfob whn~e guewsfhlew gfelsgow v seglhbmfgow" v bo welwfnfbfcoc

jogfo bo fllhtogfl" ow ghkh y~hkhte~ ulo kovh~ yo~sfgfyogfl gfucocolo el ewse knfsh,

Bo whgfecoc ceb ghlhgfkfelsh jo ce ewso~ flsem~oco yh~ gfucocolhw v gfucocolow

kw v keah~ fldh~kochw e flthbug~ochw el kose~fo ce gfelgfo v seglhbhmo v" yh~ bh solsh" gh

~ewyhlwonbew el bo shko ce cegfwfhlew whn~e bo kose~fo, Wf lh bhm~okhw ewse bsfkh hnaesfth"

eb ce bhm~o~ que bo gfelgfo v bo fllhtogfl weol guewsfhlew ce flse~w mele~ob" yhlc~ekhw el

~fewmh shch eb oknfgfhwh y~hvegsh ce ~edh~kow que flgbuve bo dusu~o Bev,


34/246


35/246

75

Eb yOyEb CE bO FLLhtOGFL EL Eb CEWO^^hbbh EGhLKFGh,

FLtE^WFL h MOWsh8

Olshlfh Y~e Boh !

êwkel

El bow esoyow ce nhlolo eghlkfgo lhw tekhwo~~ows~ochw yh~ bo fle~gfo" v lh cecfgokhw shchw bhwewdue~hw que we~ol ceweonbew o bo keah~o ghlsfluo celuews~ow goyogfcocew1 cokhw yh~ wuyuewsh que cfgjowkeah~ow telc~l yh~ w whbow, Jowso gfe~sh yulsh ewghky~elwfnbe, Wfl ekno~mh" el bhw khkelshw ce g~fwfwewsokhw hnbfmochw o nuwgo~ whbugfhlew cfde~elsew yo~oyhce~ wuye~o~ bow cfgubsocew v wemuf~ otololch, Ye~h

yo~o ebbh ew legewo~fh kolsele~ tfto luews~o khsftogfl

v owukf~ eb ewy~fsu fllhtoch~" que lhw ye~kfsf~ keah~o~oquebbh que vo ghlhgekhw v yhle~ el ko~gjo bowlhtecocew y~egfwow,

Onws~ogs

Cu~flm sje eghlhkfg nhhk }e o~e c~o}l nv fle~sfo" olc

lhs wyelc obb eddh~sw }hubc ne cewf~onbe sh ghlsfluhuwbv

fky~htflm hu~ goyonfbfsfew1 }e owwuke sjos sjewe

fky~htekelsw }fbb ghke nv sjekwebtew, Sh o ge~sofl ezsels"

sjfw fw ulce~wsolconbe, Jh}ete~" fl sfkew hd g~fwfw }e o~e

hnbfmec sh wee` cfdde~els whbusfhlw sh hte~ghke cfdgubsfewolc khte dh~}o~c, Nus fs fw legewwo~v sh èey obfte hu~

khsftosfhl olc soè sje wyf~fs hd fllhtosfhl" obbh}flm uw

sh fky~hte }jos }e ob~eocv `lh} olc fkybekels wyegfg

cetebhykelsw,

! Y~ewfcelse ce Goaoko~ Goao û~ob" Whgfecoc Ghhye~osfto ce G~cfsh,? jssy1((gkw,uob,ew(UOB(ulfte~wfcoc(h~molhwmhnfe~lh(ghlweahwhgfob(flcezo,jsk

?, Fl~cggfl

Bo te~coc ew que eb ssubh ce bow ymflow que wfmuel nfel yhc~o jone~ wfch eb gooch~

gooch, Guolch el eb Ghlweah Owewh~ ce keCfse~~leh eghlkfghlhw ybolseokhw bo ghl+

telfelgfo *gowf bo legewfcoc& ce cecfgo~ ul thbukel ob ewsucfh ceb yoyeb ce bo fllhtogfl el

bo whgfecoc ogsuob" elwemufco yelw el Ahoqul KhvoOlmebe~ ghkh bo ye~whlo fcleo yo~o

ghh~cflo~bh, Ow we bh jfge wone~ o bhw cekw kfekn~hw ceb Ghlweah" que flkecfosokelsewegulco~hl bo y~hyuewso, Bh que lh yhco fkomflo~ke e~o que" ob ~egfnf~ eb y~fke~ nh~~och~

ceb lcfge" kf lhkn~e ewsutfe~o els~e bhw oush~ew webeggfhlochw yo~o yo~sfgfyo~ el eb elgo~mh,

Ghkh ew losu~ob" cfdgfbkelse yhc~o jone~ ebucfch sob ghky~hkfwh" selfelch el guelso bo

nuelo cfwyhwfgfl v eb elsuwfowkh que khws~ cewce ul y~fke~ khkelsh KhvoOlmebe~ o bo

jh~o ce owukf~ bo ~ewyhlwonfbfcoc v bo s~onoahwo so~eo ce bbeto~ o nuel s~kflh ul lke~h ce

ewsow go~ogse~wsfgow,

Sokyhgh e~o ce ezs~oo~ ewse elgo~mh ~egy~hgh" vo que oknhw ghflgfcfkhw ghl d~e+

guelgfo el cfte~whw ewgelo~fhw v ghkyo~sfkhw ulo tfwfl wfkfbo~ ceb seko que lhw hguyo,

Ob fmuob que eb ghh~cfloch~" vh soknfl ye~selegh ob Ghlweah Whgfob ce bo Ulfte~wfcoc ceObke~o v o wu Dulcogfl Kecfse~~leo, Ul knfsh el eb que lhw ule bo y~ehguyogfl gh+

kl yh~ bo dh~kogfl flsem~ob v y~gsfgo ceb obukloch" v bo y~ekfwo ce que bo Ulfte~wfcoc

cene flgbuf~" solsh el wuw y~hm~okow ogockfghw ghkh el wuw ogsftfcocew ghkybekelso~fow"

kegolfwkhw e flgelsfthw que cewyfe~sel els~e bhw ewsucfolsew bo flqufesuc yh~ bo fllhto+

gfl, Ghkh eaekybh ce bh olse~fh~ yuece gfso~we eb Y~ekfh o Flfgfosftow Eky~elcech~ow que

ghlthgo oluobkelse eb Ghlweah Whgfob" guvow nowew ewsl cfwyhlfnbew el Flse~les?, We s~oso


?=ceboG



n~e~o

FWNL+?

716=:+:

3+6

7==56+5+=+

Ecfso1Du

lcogflGoaoko~


36/246

74


ce ul ~eghlhgfkfelsh o bhw keah~ew y~hvegshw eky~ewo~fobew que" ghl go~gse~ fllhtoch~ e

fkyogsh whgfob" eghlkfgh h gfelsgh" jovol yuewsh el ko~gjo eb obukloch h eb ye~whlob

fltewsfmoch~ ce bo Ulfte~wfcoc ce Obke~o,

Bo Ulfte~wfcoc ew eb bumo~ fcleh *oulque lh eb lfgh& yo~o eb cewo~~hbbh v bo s~olwkfwfl

ce ulo gubsu~o eky~elcech~o" que ye~kfso bo kose~fobfogfl ce y~hvegshw ce fllhtogfl seg+

lhbmfgo" sol legewo~fhw yo~o keah~o~ eb lfteb ce ghkyesfsftfcoc ce bo whgfecoc el wu ghlaulsh

v ce bo eghlhko el yo~sfgubo~, El celfsfto" v ghkh cfge eb Y~hdewh~ Hlsfte~hw" el bo obdonesf+

ogfl seglhbmfgo ews bo gbote yo~o eb g~egfkfelsh v eb cewo~~hbbh whgfheghlkfgh, Ye~h yo~o

ewso so~eo ce oy~htegjo~ eb sobelsh o s~otw ce bo gubsu~fogfl" ew legewo~fo bo fkybfgogfl"

lh wbh ce bo Ulfte~wfcoc" wflh ce shco bo whgfecoc el wu ghlaulsh1 dokfbfo" eky~ewo" wfwseko

ecugosfth v" yh~ wuyuewsh" ce bow ockflfws~ogfhlew,

_ueco gbo~h" yh~ solsh" que bo Ulfte~wfcoc ew gbote yo~o bo ghlwhbfcogfl ce ulo wh +gfecoc fllhtoch~o, Ye~h el ewso fls~hcuggfl ke muwso~o cewsogo~ hs~h ebekelsh fmuobkelse

~ebetolse1 bo fllhtogfl cene yo~sf~ ce ul ekyeh ghbegsfth v ce bo ghhye~ogfl" v lh ce bo

wuko ce ewdue~hw ofwbochw" yh~ kuv bhonbew que weol, Bo ghkybeafcoc ce guobqufe~ y~hgewh

ce g~eogfl" v bo ewyegfgfcoc el eb gowh ce bo ogsftfcoc eghlkfgo" el bo que ghlte~mel bo

fkomflogfl ghl bo hnwe~togfl kflugfhwo ce bo ~eobfcoc" ow bh ezfmel, Yh~ ebbh" ew legewo~fh

ewsfkubo~ bo g~eogfl ce m~uyhw ce fltewsfmogfl v cewo~~hbbh" cels~h v due~o ce bo Ulfte~wfcoc"

cecfgochw o ewsow so~eow, El bo Gh~yh~ogfl Seglhbmfgo ce Olcobugo" flwsfsugfl que y~ewfce

KhvoOlmebe~" ewso guewsfl we elsfelce ce kole~o yo~egfco" yh~ bh que" els~e wuw g~fse~fhw

ce webeggfl yo~o hsh~mo~ ovucow" cewsogo eb que bhw y~hvegshw golcfcoshw weol yo~sfgfyochw

yh~ gels~hw h m~uyhw ce fltewsfmogfl olcobugew ce ezgebelgfo *Ulfte~wfcocew" Gels~hw ceFllhtogfl v Seglhbhmo" Gels~hw ce Ezgebelgfo el F+C+f v hs~hw&,

Dflobkelse" qufe~h ~eweo~ ul bsfkh g~fse~fh el ghkl ghl eb ghh~cfloch~ ce ewso hn~o1

yo~o owemu~o~ bo mele~ogfl ce ~fqueo bhw omelsew eghlkfghw cenel goknfo~ wu kelsobfcoc,

El ewse welsfch" kugjow yequeow eky~ewow cenel cewegjo~ wuw fceow y~eghlgenfcow oge~go

ce bo fllhtogfl, Ke ~ee~h o que wuebel ghlwfce~o~bo due~o ce wu obgolge *el s~kflhw ce

ghwse v h~molfosfthw&" v o keluch bo ghldulcel ghl bo ke~o fltewsfmogfl, Bo fllhtogfl to

kw obb ce bhw bonh~osh~fhw1 ghlwfwse el ulo cfwyhwfgfl kelsob ye~kolelse o ~efltelso~ eb

khch ce joge~ bow ghwow" ghl hnaesh ce oy~htegjo~ ob kzfkh bow yhwfnfbfcocew ce cewo~~hbbh

ce ulo fceo" ce ul y~hvegsh h ce ulo eky~ewo, Bo oyh~sogfl ce luethw tobh~ew o bhw y~hcugshwh o bhw y~hgewhw lh sfele yh~ qu we~ legewo~fokelse go~o" wflh que o tegew bhw goknfhw kw

welgfbbhw ye~kfsel oukelso~ ghlwfce~onbekelse eb tobh~ ce luews~h s~onoah,

El bow esoyow ce nhlolo eghlkfgo lhw tekhw o~~ows~ochw yh~ bo fle~gfo" v lh ce +

cfgokhw shchw bhw ewdue~hw que we~ol ceweonbew o bo keah~o ghlsfluo ce luews~ow goyogf+

cocew1 cokhw yh~ wuyuewsh que cfgjow keah~ow telc~l yh~ w whbow, Jowso gfe~sh yulsh ew

ghky~elwfnbe, Wfl ekno~mh" el bhw khkelshw ce g~fwfw ewsokhw hnbfmochw o nuwgo~ whbugfhlew


37/246

7=

ebYoYebCebofllhtogflelebCewo~~hbbheghlkfgh, flte~wflhmowsh8 (olshlfh Y~eboh

cfde~elsew yo~o yhce~ wuye~o~ bow cfgubsocew v wemuf~ otololch, Ye~h yo~o ebbh ew legewo~fh

kolsele~ tfto luews~o khsftogfl v owukf~ eb ewy~fsu fllhtoch~" que lhw ye~kfsf~ keah~o~

oquebbh que vo ghlhgekhw v yhle~ el ko~gjo bow lhtecocew y~egfwow,

Yh~ solsh" v el ~ewukel" flwfwsfkhw el ghlwfce~o~ ghkh flte~wfl fky~ewgflcfnbe" v

lh ghkh mowsh" lh wbh bow chsogfhlew el F+C+f wflh soknfl bow ~eobfocow el dh~kogfl"

bo guob ew legewo~fo yo~o obgolo~ v mewsfhlo~ eb ghlhgfkfelsh, Bo wuko ce oknow" F+C+f v

dh~kogfl" ew bh que lhw ye~kfse hnsele~ ulo yhwfgfl y~ftfbemfoco el bhw ke~gochw, Ew kw1

el luke~hwow hgowfhlew" v yo~sfgubo~kelse el bo ogsuob" ew legewo~fh flgbuf~ ulo f kw" bo

ce fkomflogfl0 vo que" sob v ghkh cego Eflwsefl1 el sfekyhw ce g~fwfw ew y~ede~fnbe bo fko +

mflogfl ob ghlhgfkfelsh,

El bow ymflow que wfmuel y~eselcekhw yhle~ ce kolfewsh bo ~ebetolgfo ce bo fllhto+

gfl el bo ogsftfcoc eghlkfgo, O yo~sf~ ce obmulow ghlwfce~ogfhlew mele~obew" que ghltfelesele~ y~ewelsew" olobfokhw eb yoyeb ce bo fllhtogfl el bo eky~ewo" el solsh que y~flgfyob

omelse ceb cewo~~hbbh, Yo~o ebbh" lhw we~tfkhw ceb ewsucfh ce s~ew gowhw1 eb ce bo fllhtogfl

lolgfe~o" eb ce bhw y~ewuyuewshw ce bo ^ewyhlwonfbfcoc Whgfob Gh~yh~osfto v" lobkelse" eb

ceb wfwseko y~hcugsfth bhgob el sh~lh o bo om~fgubsu~o flselwfto obke~felwe,

>, bo fllogfl gk k~ ce cewo~~

Due eb eghlhkfwso Ahweyj O, Wgjukyese~ eb y~fke~h el cewsogo~ bo fkyh~solgfo ce bhw

delkelhw seglhbmfghw el eb g~egfkfelsh eghlkfgh" ocekw ce bo ghknflogfl ce bhw s~ew

dogsh~ew ce y~hcuggfl s~ocfgfhlobew, Wgjukyese~ cedelco que bo fllhtogfl fno kw obb ce

bow ke~ow fltelgfhlew h ocebolshw sglfghw" v que el ~eobfcoc jogo ~ede~elgfo o shch goknfh

que ooco tobh~ o bo ogsftfcoc eghlkfgo" que flgh~yh~ono obmh lueth ob y~hcugsh *we~tfgfhw"

kshchw" y~hgewhw h y~gsfgow&, Ce ewso celfgfl we fle~e bo ~ebetolgfo ce bo fllhtogfl el

eb flg~ekelsh ce bo y~hcugsftfcoc v" el ghlweguelgfo" el eb cewo~~hbbh eghlkfgh,

Wfmufelch o Wgjukyese~" bo fllhtogfl yuece y~ewelso~we ce bow wfmufelsew kole~ow1

Fls~hcugfelch el eb ke~goch ul lueth nfel,

Flgh~yh~olch ul lueth kshch ce y~hcuggfl,

On~felch ul lueth ke~goch,

Hnselfelch ulo lueto duelse ce wukflfws~h *ghl flceyelcelgfo ce que ewso lueto

ele~mo ezfwsfe~o y~etfokelse h we g~ee ez lhth&,

Fkybolsolch ulo lueto ews~ugsu~o el ul ke~goch *ghkh yueco we~ bo g~eogfl ce

ulo yhwfgfl ce khlhyhbfh&,


38/246

7:


Whl luke~hwow bow gbowfgogfhlew que we jol ~eobfoch whn~e bhw sfyhw ce fllhtogfl0 ce

els~e ebbow" cewsogokhw bo que joge ~ede~elgfo ob m~och ce lhtecoc ce bo fllhtogfl" cfwsflmufel+

ch els~e fllhtogfl ~ocfgob e fllhtogfl flg~ekelsob, Bo fllhtogfl ~ocfgob fkybfgo ulo ~uysu~o

ghl bh vo ewsonbegfch, Whl fllhtogfhlew que g~eol luethw y~hcugshw h y~hgewhw que lh yuecelelselce~we ghkh ulo ethbugfl losu~ob ce bhw vo ezfwselsew, We s~oso ce wfsuogfhlew chlce bo

usfbfogfl ce ul y~flgfyfh gfelsgh lueth y~hthgo ulo ~uysu~o ~eob ghl bow seglhbhmow olse~fh~ew,

Eaekybhw ce ewsow fllhtogfhlew whl bo kquflo ce toyh~ h bhw kfg~hy~hgewoch~ew, Yh~ wu yo~se"

bo fllhtogfl flg~ekelsob ghlwfwse el yequehw goknfhw cf~fmfchw o keah~o~ bo dulgfhlobfcoc v

bow y~ewsogfhlew ce bo ogsftfcoc whn~e bo que we oybfquel que" wf nfel ofwbocokelse whl yhgh

wfmlfgosfthw" guolch we wugecel ce dh~ko ghlsfluoco v ogukubosfto yuecel ghlwsfsuf~ ulo

nowe ye~kolelse ce y~hm~ewh, El celfsfto" kuco~ h obse~o~ bow ghwow fls~hcugfelch lhtecocew,

Bo fllhtogfl jo wfch v ghlsflo wfelch bo yfec~o olmubo~ lh wbh ceb cewo~~hbbh eghlkfgh"

wflh ce bo ethbugfl ceb ghlaulsh ce bo whgfecoc, Bo jfwsh~fo ce bo jukolfcoc ews mufoco yh~ bowghlsfluow fllhtogfhlew" que jol fch ko~golch bow s~olwdh~kogfhlew legewo~fow yo~o dogfbfso~

eb cewo~~hbbh ce bhw yuenbhw v bo keah~o ce wu lfteb ce tfco, Wf nfel ew te~coc que bhw m~olcew

cewgun~fkfelshw" bow m~olcew fltewsfmogfhlew" jol y~hyfgfoch bhw wobshw guobfsosfthw el eb cfwgu~~f~

ce bo jfwsh~fo ceb jhkn~e" lh ew kelhw gfe~sh que bow fllhtogfhlew" yh~ wfkybew que oyo~elsel

we~" whl bow que ye~kfsel cfdulcf~ v mele~obfo~ eb uwh ce kugjhw ce ewshw cewgun~fkfelshw,

Ul eaekybh kuv m~gh ceb yoyeb v bo hyh~sulfcoc ce bo fllhtogfl ew eb que usfbfo el

wuw ghlde~elgfow *ow ghkh el bo Fls~hcuggfl ce ewso hn~o& eb ghh~cfloch~ ce ewse thbukel"

~ede~fch o bo ~ueco, Guelso Ahoqul Khvo bo tfsob fkyh~solgfo ce bo ~ueco yo~o eb cewo~~hbbh ceb

we~ jukolh, Ewse fltelsh we tfele oybfgolch cewce bo Olsfmecoc el kfb dh~kow" cewce bhw y~f+kfsfthw go~~hw" bhw khbflhw" bow yhbeow" o bhw khce~lhw oushktfbew" otfhlew h s~ogsh~ew, V" wfl

ekno~mh" lh jo wfch jowso kuv ~egfelsekelse guolch we jo y~hcugfch bo m~ol fllhtogfl ce

oybfgo~bo o bow kobesow v nhbwhw ce tfoae" oyh~solch ulo m~ol usfbfcoc o qufelew ogo~~eol ghl ebbhw,

Ewse welgfbbh eaekybh fbuws~o gbo~okelse whn~e gkh ce ul m~ol fltelsh yuecel cewo~~hbbo~we

kbsfybew oybfgogfhlew" cewce bow kw whwsfgocow jowso bow kw welgfbbow" oyh~solch shcow ebbow

ulo usfbfcoc ce knfsh mele~ob,

Wf yh~ obmh we cfwsflmue bo esoyo jfws~fgo que lhw jo shgoch tftf~ ew yh~ bo flgewolse

fls~hcuggfl ce fllhtogfhlew el shchw bhw ~celew ce bo tfco, Jowso sob yulsh ew flselwh ewse

y~hgewh" que ewsl goknfolch bhw g~fse~fhw ochysochw o bo jh~o ce kecf~ eb m~och ce cewo~~hbbhce goco yow" khcfglchwe ow bow telsoaow ghkyo~osftow gbwfgow, S~ocfgfhlobkelse" nowsono

ghl ewsfko~" guobfsosfto v guolsfsosftokelse" bo chsogfl ce bhw dogsh~ew ce y~hcuggfl s~ocfgfhlobew

*sfe~~o" s~onoah v goyfsob&" yo~o olobfo~ bo yhwfgfl ghkyesfsfto ce ul se~~fsh~fh, El bo ogsuobfcoc" ew

legewo~fh ghlhge~" ocekw" wu lfteb ecugosfth" bo gobfcoc ce wu goyfsob jukolh h wu goyogfcoc

yo~o mewsfhlo~ bhw lftebew ce fldh~kogfl que yhlel o luews~h obgolge bow luetow seglhbhmow,

Ghkh ghlweguelgfo ce shch bh olse~fh~" bo fllhtogfl we jo ghlte~sfch el ulo je~~okfelso

fky~ewgflcfnbe yo~o keah~o~ bo ghkyesfsftfcoc ce bo eghlhko v el ulo legewfcoc yo~o yhce~

ghkyesf~ el bhw ke~gochw mbhnobfochw,


39/246

76

ebYoYebCebofllhtogflelebCewo~~hbbheghlkfgh, flte~wflhmowsh8 (olshlfh Y~eboh

7, bo fllogfl v o ek~ewo el e wfm ZZF

Cewce eb yulsh ce tfwso eky~ewo~fob" ulo fllhtogfl lh ew kw que guobqufe~ goknfh

~eobfoch el bo eky~ewo *el y~hgewhw" y~hcugshw h ke~gochw& que mele~o tobh~ yo~o bo h~mo+

lfogfl, Cfgjow lhtecocew yuecel flgh~yh~o~we el fllfcoc ce knfshw v ce khkelshw ceb

y~hgewh, Dh~c fllht el bo dh~ko ce y~hcugf~ bhw ghgjew guolch obfle o wuw s~onoaoch~ew0 Ze~hz

fllht guolch yelw que ul h~celoch~ yhc~o usfbfo~we uwolch obmh bbokoch ~osl0 Oyybe fllh+

t guolch tfwsf ce ghbh~ o bhw h~celoch~ew ghl wu dokhwwfkh fKog h~fmflob0 Nelleshl fllht

el bo ghkulfgogfl ghke~gfob ghl wuw ~hkyech~ew v bbokosfthw olulgfhw yunbfgfso~fhw, Ew cegf~"

yhcekhw fls~hcugf~ lhtecocew solsh el eb y~hgewh ce y~hcuggfl" ghkh el eb y~hcugsh" h el

goco ulh ce bhw wunwfwsekow que bo eky~ewo yhle el ko~gjo yo~o joge~ bbemo~ wu y~hcugsh ob

ghlwukfch~ lob, Wfl ekno~mh" v coch que ewsokhw jonbolch ce eky~ewow" bow fllhtogfhlew"

yo~o we~ ~ebetolsew" jol ce gukybf~ ob kelhw ulo ghlcfgfl fky~ewgflcfnbe1 flgh~yh~o~ tobh~,

Documents

Innovación y desarrollo económico de España(Es)/ Innovation and economic development in Spain(Spanish)/ Espainiako berrikuntza eta garapen ekonomikoa(Es)