Injuries and violence: the global magnitudeInjuries and violence: the global magnitude

Etienne Krug

Director, Violence and Injury Prevention and Disability

World Health Organization

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Global publichealth priorities

Violence andinjuries

Global mortality by causes

HIV

TB

Malaria

Deaths (millions)

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Global publichealth priorities

Violence andinjuries

Global mortality by causes

HIV

TB

Malaria

Deaths (millions)

Violence

Unint.

Injuries

Leading causes of injury deaths Leading causes of injury deaths

Road traffic

crashes

23%

Poisonings

6%

Falls

8%

Fires

6%

Drownings

7%

Self-inflicted injuries

15%

Violence

11%

War

3%

Other

21%

Leading causes of death 2004Leading causes of death 2004

Leading causes of deaths 2004 vs. 2030 Leading causes of deaths 2004 vs. 2030

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10000

20000

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40000

50000

60000

70000

80000

90000

1961 1966 1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001

Year

Fat

alit

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Fat

alit

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100,

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per

son

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Fatalities

Fatalities/100,000 persons

Road traffic deaths in India 1961-2001

Rank 04 years 514 years 1529 years 3044 years 45-59 years ≥60 yearsAll Ages

1 Perinatal conditions Lower respiratory infections HIV/AIDS HIV/AIDS Ischaemic heart disease Ischaemic heart disease Ischaemic heart disease

2 Lower respiratory infections Road traffic injuries Road traffic injuries Tuberculosis Cerebrovascular disease Cerebrovascular disease Cerebrovascular disease

3 Diarrhoeal diseases HIV/AIDS Maternal conditions Road traffic injuries HIV/AIDS Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Lower respiratory infections

4 Childhood diseases Drownings Self-inflicted injuries Maternal conditions Tuberculosis Lower respiratory infections HIV/AIDS

5 Malaria Childhood diseases Tuberculosis Ischaemic heart disease Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Trachea, bronchus, lung cancers Chronic obstructive pulmonary

disease

6 Congenital anomalies Fires Violence Self-inflicted injuries Trachea, bronchus, lung cancers Diabetes mellitus Perinatal conditions

7 HIV/AIDS Tuberculosis Lower respiratory infections Violence Cirrhosis of the liver Hypertensive heart disease Diarrhoeal diseases

8 Protein-energy malnutrition Protein-energy malnutrition Drownings Cerebrovascular disease Road traffic injuries Stomach cancer Tuberculosis

9 Syphilis Meningitis Fires Lower respiratory infections Self-inflicted injuries Tuberculosis Trachea, bronchus, lung cancers

10 Meningitis Leukaemia War injuries Cirrhosis of the liver Stomach cancer Colon and rectum cancers Road traffic injuries

11 Drownings Congenital anomalies Ischaemic heart disease Poisonings Liver cancer Nephritis and nephrosis Childhood diseases

12 Road traffic injuries Falls Poisonings Fires Lower respiratory infections Alzheimer and other dementias Diabetes mellitus

13 Tuberculosis Poisonings Falls War injuries Diabetes mellitus Cirrhosis of the liver Malaria

14 Endocrine disorders Violence Leukaemia Drownings Breast cancer Liver cancer Hypertensive heart disease

15 Fires Leishmaniasis Rheumatic heart disease Liver Cancer Hypertensive heart disease Oesophagus cancer Self-inflicted injuries

Regional differences in injury death rates Regional differences in injury death rates

AFRO AMRO EMRO EURO SEARO WPRO World104.33 67.08 93.31 89.32 116.58 68.78 89.86

Regional differences:Regional differences:

The Eastern Mediterranean is the region with

the highest road traffic and war injury death rates

the 3rd highest death rates for burns and for drowning

•Behavioural changes

• smoking

• alcohol

• drugs

• Cancer

• Cardio-vascular diseases

• Other NCDs

• Mental consequences

• Depression

• Anxiety, insomnia, etc

• Injuries

• HIV and other STDs

• Suicide

• Unwanted pregnancies • Abortion + consequences

• Disability

Wide ranging health consequences Wide ranging health consequences

Economic impactEconomic impact

Road traffic crashes: 1 - 3% of GDP – Examples: Bangladesh 1.6%, Uganda 2.3%, USA 2.3%, 11 HICs

(excluding USA) 1.4%, Malawi 5%.

– China, RTIs cost $12.5 billion: Four times the total public health budget.

In LMICs, economic cost of RTIs alone estimated at nearly US$100 billion.

– Twice the sum of all development assistance.

Violence: 1 - 2% of GDP

Thank you !

kruge@who.int