Taping is a form of strapping. It is a procedure that uses
tape, attached to the skin, to physically keep in place muscles or
bones at a certain position. This reduces pain and aids recovery.
Taping is usually used to help recover from overuse and other
injuries. Taping has many roles such as to support the ligaments
and capsules of unstable joints by limiting excessive or abnormal
anatomical movement. Taping also enhances proprioceptive feedback
from the limb or joint. Finally taping can support injuries at the
muscle-tendon units by compressing and limiting movement and secure
protective pads, dressings and splints
Slide 3
Non-elastic and Elastic Adhesive Taping Historically an
important part of athletic training Becoming decreasingly important
due to questions surfacing concerning effectiveness Utilized in
areas of injury care and protection
Slide 4
Non-elastic White Tape Great adaptability due to: Uniform
adhesive mass Adhering qualities Lightness Relative strength Help
to hold dressings and provide support and protection to injured
areas Come in variety of sizes (1, 1 1/2, 2)
Slide 5
When purchasing the following should be considered: Tape Grade
Graded according to longitudinal and vertical fibers per inch More
costly (heavier) contains 85 horizontal and 65 vertical fibers
Adhesive Mass Should adhere regularly and maintain adhesion with
perspiration Contain few skin irritants Be easily removable without
leaving adhesive residue and removing superficial skin Winding
Tension Critically important If applied for protection tension must
be even
Slide 6
Elastic Adhesive Tape Used in combination with non-elastic tape
Good for small, angular parts due to elasticity as well as soft
tissues that expand. Comes in a variety of widths (1, 2, 3, 4) 2011
McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Figure 8-15
Slide 7
Adhesive Tape: Preparation for Taping Skin surface should be
cleaned of oil, perspiration and dirt Hair should be removed to
prevent skin irritation with tape removal Tape adherent is optional
Foam and skin lubricant should be used to minimize blisters and
skin irritation Tape directly to skin Prewrap (roll of thin foam)
can be used to protect skin in cases where tape is used daily
Prewrap should only be applied one layer thick when taping and
should be anchored proximally and distally
Slide 8
Figure 8-16 A-E 2011 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights
reserved.
Slide 9
Rules for Tape Application Tape in the position in which joint
must be stabilized Overlap the tape by half Avoid continuous taping
Keep tape roll in hand whenever possible Smooth and mold tape as it
is laid down on skin Allow tape to follow contours of the skin
Start taping with an anchor piece and finish by applying a locking
strip Where maximum support is desired, tape directly to the skin
Do not apply tape if skin is hot or cold from treatments Selecting
Proper Tape Width Acute angles = narrower tape Tearing tape Do not
bend, twist or wrinkle tape Tearing should result in straight edge
with no loose strands
Slide 10
Figure 8-17 2011 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights
reserved. Figure 8-18 Figure 8-19
Slide 11
2011 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Common
Foot Taping Procedures
Slide 12
Arch Technique 1 (to support weak arches) 2011 McGraw-Hill
Higher Education. All rights reserved. Figure 8-20
Slide 13
Arch Technique 2 (for longitudinal arch) 2011 McGraw-Hill
Higher Education. All rights reserved. Figure 8-21
Slide 14
Arch Technique 3 (X teardrop arch and forefoot support) 2011
McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Figure 8-22
Slide 15
Arch Technique 4 (fan arch support) 2011 McGraw-Hill Higher
Education. All rights reserved. Figure 8-23
Slide 16
LowDye Technique (Management of fallen arch, pronation, arch
strains and plantar fascitis) ( 2011 McGraw-Hill Higher Education.
All rights reserved. Figure 8-24
Slide 17
Sprained Toes 2011 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights
reserved. Figure 8-25
Slide 18
Hallux Valgus 2011 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights
reserved. Figure 8-26
Slide 19
Turf Toe (prevents excessive hyperextension of
metatarsophalangeal joint) 2011 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All
rights reserved. Figure 8-27
Slide 20
Hammer or Clawed Toes (reduces pressure of bent toes against
shoes) 2011 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.
Figure 8-28
Slide 21
Fractured Toes (splints injured to non-injured toe) 2011
McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Figure 8-29
Slide 22
2011 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Common
Ankle Taping Procedures
Slide 23
Closed Basket Weave (Gibney) Technique Used for newly sprained
or chronically weak ankles 2011 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All
rights reserved. Figure 8-30
Slide 24
Open Basket Weave Allows more dorsiflexion and plantar flexion,
provides medial and lateral stability and room for swelling Used in
acute sprain situations in conjunction with elastic bandage and
cold application U-shaped felt pad can be used to provide focal
compression Aids in controlling swelling
Slide 25
Continuous-Stretch Tape Technique Figure 8-32
Slide 26
2011 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Common
Leg & Knee Taping Procedures
Collateral Ligament 2011 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All
rights reserved. Figure 8-34
Slide 29
Rotary Taping for Knee Instability (provides stability
following ACL & MCL injury) 2011 McGraw-Hill Higher Education.
All rights reserved. Figure 8-35
Slide 30
Knee Hyperextension (Prevent knee hyperextension, provide
support to injured hamstring or slackened cruciate ligament) 2011
McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.
Slide 31
Patellofemoral Taping (McConnell technique) Helps to manage
glide, tilt, rotation and anteroposterior orientation of patella
Accomplished by passively taping patella into biomechanically
correct position Also provides prolonged stretch to soft-tissue
structures associated with dysfunction
Slide 32
2011 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.
Slide 33
Common Upper Extremity Taping Procedures
Slide 34
Elbow Restriction (Prevents elbow hyperextension) 2011
McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Figure 8-42
& 43
Slide 35
Wrist Technique 1 (Mild wrist sprains and strains) 2011
McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Figure 8-44
Slide 36
Wrist Technique 2 (Protects and stabilizes badly injured wrist)
2011 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Figure
8-45
Slide 37
Sprained Thumb (Provides support to musculature and joint) 2011
McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Figure 8-47
Slide 38
Finger and Thumb Checkreins 2011 McGraw-Hill Higher Education.
All rights reserved. Figure 8-49 Figure 8-48
Slide 39
Kinesio Taping Technique developed in Japan and widely used
throughout Europe and Asia Can be stretched to 140% of original
length Provides constant tension (shear) to the skin Therapeutic in
that its effect occurs through activation of neurological and
circulatory systems with movement Can be used immediately post and
during rehab of injury Used for edema reduction, pain management,
and inhibition/facilitation of motor activity 2011 McGraw-Hill
Higher Education. All rights reserved.
Slide 40
Mechanism by which Kinesio Tape works Improving circulation and
lymph by eliminating tissue fluid or bleeding beneath skin
Correcting muscle function by strengthening weakened muscles
Decreasing pain through neurological suppression Repositioning
subluxed joints by relieving abnormal muscle tension Stimulates
cutaneous mechanoreceptors through pressure and tension on skin,
enhancing proprioception through cutaneous feedback Basic
Application Principles Apply tape from origin to insertion without
minimal tension for muscle support Should be applied from insertion
to origin during rehabilitation Muscle is placed on gentle
functional stretch with tape at ~10% of resting static length Can
be worn for 3-4 days Latex free, cotton fabric Heat activated
adhesive Comes in various sizes Athletic trainers indicate It can
provide support and stability Requires specialized training
Slide 41
Kinesio Taping for Plantar Fasciitis 2011 McGraw-Hill Higher
Education. All rights reserved. Figure 8-50
Slide 42
Kinesio Taping for Patellofemora l Pain 2011 McGraw-Hill Higher
Education. All rights reserved. Figure 8-51
Slide 43
Kinesio Taping for Low Back Strain 2011 McGraw-Hill Higher
Education. All rights reserved. Figure 8-52
Slide 44
Kinesio Taping for Shoulder Instability Figure 8-53