-
• i . •>
MRTfiH PLAH OF SOBJEOT.
(1) th® \iniv®r»al beli®f of the aodorn OUbertese raoe le, that
it® forefather®
earn® froa ^uaoai titey grew on the branohe® of the anoestral
Tree in Upolu, asui lived
in the until the Tree wae broken. When -lih&t oatastrophe
oame upon thea, they
soattered wailing over the eea, to populate the whole worle of
islande. The advent^
ures and the oanoe>zuuBee of a few eho reaohed the Gilbert
Zelande have been preeerved
The Saaoan tradition ezaanatee very olearly from the ay the and
legende
exhibited in chapter* , and it mu«t be thoroughly understood
that
theee exhibite are but eeleoted speoimene of a huge mas® of
material indioatlng that
Samoa wa® the last home of the race before It reaohed the
Gilbert Islands. To have
displayed all tlie vereioa® available would have been a tedious
piling up of tales
already told. The Konoutl verslcm at page ..., for example, le
to be heard In a very
similar form on eleven out of sixteen Islands, while the Beru
vereion at page ...
may be heard, with but slight variations, on any one of half a
dozen atolls of the
Southern Gllberte.
for the sake of providing a check upon their authenticity, the
different '•*1
tales given have been aeoritM»d to their actual ielande and
narrator®, but there ii
not om «f then that gives details peculiar to itself alone,
except that ourioue
acoount of Ifa^areau the Absolute at pa£e ... And irtiether,
like the Nonoutl version,
they have an almost univeraal e\i^port, or, like the Maiana
chronicle, they are con
fined to a single family, they are all bound together by a
unanimoue doctrine - that
Samoa, and Samoa alone, was the birthplace of the race.
(2) There are, indeed, preeerved in these versions still a few
faint memories
of a remoter fatherlandi euoh, for instanoe, as the opening
phrase of the Tabiteuea
myth at page ; "The First Tree wee called Te Bakatibu Taai (The
Ancestor Sun),
and it stood on tho land of Abatoa". But words of this sort,
though pregnant wito
meaning for ue, are repeated parrot-wiee, without understanding,
by modorn native
ohronicXore, whoso answer to all (juerlee is, "f# do not know
what it meani} wt
-
1l«&rn«d li froia our anoottors", or, at tha moat, "Tha
landa bafora Samoa irara alava
landa and apirlt landa". And followisig upon auoh digrasaiona
almoat Invariably
oomaa an unqualified aastatament of the raoa^oreed, "Samoa vraa
the firat human land;
there grew our anoaatora".
(^} But varioua reaaarlca in the laat ohaptar have axpoaed my
viav that the
Qllbartaaa raoa waa In tha Gilbert Zalanda long bafora it aver
reaohad Samoaf that i
are it migrated to Upolu, it beoama a mixture of brown-alcin and
blaokMakin on tha
atolla of Mioronaala. If thia waa ao, than tlia planting of the
ancaatral free on '
UpoXu waa merely an invaeion of Samoa from tha north by thia
Taburi-mai •> ffa-araau
folk] and tha coming of tha Traa-peopla from Samoa to tha
Gilbert Group waa but a
reflux along tha invaeion traok. To ahov reason for auoh
aurmiaea will be partly
-Uie object of the ohaptera.to follow; their whole eoope i» beat
auggestad by
setting forth, in b&reat outline, the movements of the
Gilbertese race as I oonoeive
them to have happened.
(A) The feude and fusion of blaok and brown folk, referred to in
the last
chapter, took plaoe at a median epoch of the people's traceable
history. booking
back into the remoter paet, we shall see a black people for
oenturiea alone in ita
occupation of the Gilbert Islands - or, at laaat, of tha
northern half of the Gro\^.
Yet we shall ba able to trace them to the Weat.
Sweeping down upon tlUe people, also from the weat, came a brown
folk that,
with a foroe perhaps not muoh greater tlian that of the
Melaneaian indigenes, contrived
to win a foothold on the atolla. Than came tha rivalriaa and
bittemoaaos recorded
in the Na-areau M Taburi-aai traditions.
The result of tliis strife, or, more probably, of the
overpopulation caused
by tlie amalgamation of the two races, waa a ganeral axodua
southwards. Sown the |chain of central oceanic ialajada sailed a
now mixed Taburl-mai - Ka'-areau folk,
searching for new homes, until it oame to Upolu of Samoa. There
for a great while
-
i^J!
th9y long tnou^ Indeed for them to etyle themeelToe autoohthonee
of the
lend} yet not for eo long that they h&d forgotten the way
back to their hoae In the
atolle^ for when their Tree on Upolu wae ehattered, and their
familiee were diepereei,
some of th«e were able to return on the old track and repopulate
the Gilbert Group.
But that wee only after a atruggle with their own ancestral kin,
whose forefathers
viad not joined in the migration to Samoa.
Suoh, stripped of all detail, is the series of events in
Gilbertese race
history which I shall try to illustrate from the fra^ents of
tradition wrung, in
six years' delightful toil, from the islanders. Without pausing
so early to oonment
^on its possible oonnootione with general migration movements in
the Paoifio, I
ehall paee at once to an examinition of the material collected,
atteo^ting to aeeign
to each eet of traditions ite period of origin, and to indicate
the inferences that
may be drawn therefrom. In this task I ehall be obliged to climb
backwards into
history, prooeeding from the modem to the more and more remote,
at a geologist with
the earth's strata. The surface layer of Gilbertese history is
evidently contained
within a period lying between the present day and the date of
ite arrival from
jSamoai the age of this layer is beet determined by an enquiry
into the island gene
alogies. nils will be our first task.
Immediately below the surface layer list the first eubetratta,
containing
traditions of the pereonagee who led the migration or flight
trom Nuclear Polyneeia
te Mieroneeia} of the canoes in which they came; and of the
events which attended
their voyages and arrivals. These will next engage our
attention.
IJeeper again, and much more difficult of aoeees, are traditions
forming
the eeeond eubetratum, which concern the ancestral Tree of
Samoa, its position, ite
destruotiea. Its age. A study of these points will oloee our
enquiry into the mat
erial grouped in ohaptere .... to ...., in eo far as it points
to Samoa as the home
of the raoe. ^e final chapter of this aeotion will the devoted
to the collectioncf euch fragmentary rcierencea to a pre-l^amran
origin as are ta be foui»d in the loreof the modern race. ^
• II—ii"
-
rr7
ity
THE STRATA OF aiLRERTEf^S ITrr.'!.
r99edixxg•mythe are coaipoeit-j# of more than one oyecem, and
that tha al toriiative traditio.ia
oonaeoted ai'lii the Land of "Siiadea and the of hs-fv beo;;
ln'i=ir.>t«d frca
diverse aaurcee. Tliey have been atratlfbd by the iapin^eaent sf
rao® on raoe, and
the auperspoaition of the oon:iU9ror'8 creed upon tliat of th®
conqueredt
ihe aiannsr in which two 3^1 itea® blend, and the nature cf
tlii- resultant
fctrfttificaticu.aepenu upon ths cirouastanobi uadar which they
huvt cciit; into contact.
The mc-st corapieta ana uholebale results are,no dcuLt,achieYod
by migration, followed
by ooniiucet or acsorbtion of race#} but striking irmovaUons
iooy be wi-ougnt iii the
religion of a people by accidents;of which history takes no
cognisancs. The arrival
of soj:u« far-eandered castaway, who has a tale to tell or a
trick of i&agio to dleplay,
may be responsible for tlie adoption of a new god or a series of
new gods* This
would be more especially possible in the Gilbert Islanis, where
priaethood is a
purely family xatter, and where the matriarohate sscms to be so
evenly baloncsi ag
ainst the patriurcnaoa* A castaway there vould only neoa to take
a Wif«,aLnd teach
Crsation,
her all his craft,for the new cult to*b® established. Tlieir
children, both male and
female, vould iirherit and paes It on in their turn, thue
launching it on its progres^tjthrough the generations, as part of
the ever-spreading family tiaditions, and the
god or gods couoeraeu would automatically take a place in the
village pantheonf furthe
they vould iollow the wcmen-foLc la thsir alliances with otaer
families, and gr&duall,>
per-.a^tn ure rice-tradition. This is strikingly illustr^tsd in
tho Gilbert Group at j
the very moment of writing. A mere handful of Piji&iia,
imported for constabulary
parpoavu and .iarried to Gilbortcce wivoa, haa already auccsedsd
in establishing a new
form of mcdiciiial a.rt| v.'ibii ita parapheriiulia of magic and
laum-Mcry, which bear in
tlieii' Uaii. the 'ueual au-ray of deitiew huc. uevile. One of
iAie gods eoncerried lias
besn allotted a role in the creation-drarm by a cliroriiclei of
Abaiuug island.
-
W 'Again, vinder influv'nosj the pereona of I
-
r?:*etir
-
rbittor bocRvisa of the confined ape,ce Into which Inwader and
invaded ar® craomod. Such
rivalrs"" wonld al-?io8t certainly boooao the eubieot of a
race-tradition subtJiating long
after the amalgarifttion of the eonflicting stocke. and an
excellent example of it io
to be a:en In the 'Ta-sraau oxploltB |of Chapter
4 THE NA-AREAU EXPLOITS.
In thee© tale©, we have a olear-cut picture of Ute feuds carried
on, up
and down the Gilbert Islands, betweou two entirely dietinct
races: the one of
stunted physique, black ekln, strong odour, and wooly head, with
hug© ears and face
^covered with ecars", wliioh la to sais cicatriaod inu-teau of
tattooed - the typical
Melanest-^n, torr5-ble in war and skilled in tiae blaalc the
otlisi' of great
stature and filr skin, having the hair curly at tla© ends, and
brained to stand high
on the h^ad - a Malano-Polyneaian type, na It would nsaia.
In spit© of a tendency, idiloh the Gilbarteae have in ooiaaon
with moat
Pclyr.eelan racrt, to cnafuee the geograiihical .oilieu of their
ancient traditions, and
to relate evenle a» If they had heopened locally, I think we
need have no ausnto'on
that the?.© fouri-«t,"*r: j-i trnnnportec! from eom© t'otmiv
home to Micronesia. The
hrivalry between blo.ck-ekin and broim-jicin, aa roapectlveiy
typified L-gr Nafdreau and
^ arcs©the people of latwri^-afti,RdHitHpSiSH2 In the Gilbert
Talande, as tti IntlHi&te aatoci-
atlon with local place-na-aes alone euggeete. Further, all the
Gllbertceo-epealcingN&f^reau c:aKioite are agreed a»
eooaunities rewenber theee imasimiKWe, and all HKKHHESilHKHKH to
the munee of the
psrtipular ielande on which the pven+e took place.
Hsterial to be dlptupped In a 1^Ler oVtapter fchow^olsarly that
blaok-ekin
IJa^preau was the origimi eettler, wl'lle Urown-skln Taburiyaiai
was the intruderj and
these are notable facte. for. in the ul time be blend of re.ce
theoyoniea end traditione,/)
it ie ?Jaf^reau. the invaded, whose vll© trick© upon the
invaders are always succeesfuli\
Frm this w© are to gather that, thou^i;?! Taburl|.nai and hl«
llght-Bkinned comruinlcas
wmra atrong enough to force a footing on the Jelsndi, th«fy
evsntMally lost their ore-
-
; 5-
• oondsronc©. sna ircre absorbed into the dezker indigenes.
wb06« creatiag s^xSiii tiiuBI M #
I lriU33pb«d cvsr that of iu» conqA^rorB. t?«verth0lt-»B, thi
balaac® of powtr coald
;• r;aY»r nav? aims V0''y vic-lontlj from jzrty to party, for
thoagh th« croatar of th«
1 black people reis-iod auprarz®, ho roignod in a univaraa
otiierwian coaaiructod oa a•f
j Pclyneaian aodali the Basl'̂ iAg waa a darxnaaa ( ^ '' eiii a
aiaaviaij ( MSM.'j
of ti;® felo.Kent», In true Maori atyle. Prea'oatln^ tiiia basic
ooncipt to belong to tha! ^: raoea claeelfied as Polynesian^ it is
oafo to auoposa tlian Tabnri^uai tlie broim-skin
and his naopl# oonvri'jv.ted it an their share nf tiie oonfvund
(jou'nog.;n;' before ~ua.
^ Purtiisr.. it wa;') tho p?.?a-iifte of. the bro'm man tliat
tlie azaa^^eaiiited rac'-r sve'avually
accspt«d |̂l^3 will appear jora oieo.riy in. Letsir chupterijj
tuvd it ia TaUnltnai,p iabUfai'iki and the like, who ara now the
oojaota of tl.e ancestral cult fro^i end to
A^ end of the Group. Why, then, should the bisck Na-fitreEU
re^t-n avrs-riJiel The anawar
eeaiue to lie, that, the brcii.'n fclk, having invaded the
ialanua with a powar airffiolant
to setablleh their ralig.icu* &y»le;u, were nevirthsiaai at
a later date forced to
f), aciifj.it the ,'isce 'd^niy of the Ne-f/.lcuu pec;,I®, whoee
god v.'a8 uhen anr.>>ronfa on tha
•».>>ex tn® etrac tura,
.'rucn a proccsa sii£,ht uave i:^sn sauced 09 aoJte local
upfc9iipjhfikd'.rs fRvorrioiia.
(5) "hat a blaajv folk ivue onaa in aub.ioatiou to a jrown
seauia to ba el9fl.rlya- 'c ,— ^/evC. ^ Ij
n
a. a j ~ ^AL- i-c- ^ 0shown by tht- N^^.h.vcuv/.- tr?uiltioa8^
... In cnapter ^ '̂̂ hv-'sbwa
uortravad an one of t'].a bOi^eya wlio block doe waj' of t/jo
uopnrta-i eoa.U to the land
of Matftiig, Matans ia r-aXpably a parc.diae of toe brcvn joen,
foi it ir Icbia .sited by
the blende wh-V'jti fatharr vare Tao'.garoa ond Tiutirau,
well.-/..wnGliT'Tte^a Tiriraa 1ft ti.tz r kucp..i ae UAyxian
ii^itau, *h* OAnaracxariat-
ics of hia h(a»« Motu-tapu, or Sacrad Isla, In V'angaian ay th7
ara tha feaita tf thosaof Oilbartae® liatangi it^inke and float# ae
tha god willt; bit In tJha Qilbartaaatalas, hit daugbtar
Tltuaffblna uaurpa hie tuprmaay.
-
"Ka. U
fair-3l-dns thr-JUg'iOut 'I'olyaePls.. cn th« c*hey iiand, ie «»
old blSLC.k man,
•videntiy no rblfttinn of tJie bclnfS in MntC'jig. His lor^'k ie
slavtab; hJ-S occupation
of up rul.'rj £li nn tbo r.-;9d .1? thnt pf b slnrw; he
pr?.r».ft Dtjd fyiTrcicpe Hko
an idiot - or a 3Ib,vo, for tao void r-3.n,5 applied to hlai in
the cc*:text hse both sig
nification# in Gilberts?!©; and h« io dimb - the first aiarh of
slnvfyy In +he ©itira-
ation of the isJandsre. Yet cvidencoe of a foruar .^roatnaas
ettH cilnj about him:
his art if the irau. •or cet^radle, of vhicii he is the
prseidinj;, deity, and in thachani^ing patterns of the to.u. as old
aon assort, an s>:pert could purtra/ the euooef-
Pat u
oivs eteyes of crsetron. >3y bis os-t^cradlon, tiien,. ".?•
comoct 'uthBOiAS forgC/ttsn or JBtiort|ayth, and It is oult«
poesibl^ t'nat ue in uira lyao
creaoinj spirit (or the hi,ph priest o? a creating spirit) of a
black people, f7,ung
into HjJdes nnd branded with slaTsry by ths browa I'Jatang-raco,
' E^idautly of tiioIvi. u
aaas complexion, and nrabibly of the aauc obUtarate tiioo^^ony,
na Ilm#^,we/3ura are thofs
dork-aJcinnad, hago-aared, rei-eysil, snd cannlbaliatic liags,
v?io yo^laborp.to vith him
in Inrring tlia soal'a prepress tn '^-cradlas,'Xa, (/6-^
u^'e
Turning nox friv the accciint cf t3i« spirit^to ubet of u;y or
ratherthe 'Sponynoui clani|̂ "^Ioub*'«bwe, at pf* »,t and -TTj, we
sa© blii first picturvjd as thettncouth sl&re of the king of
farera, beaming his fiiigers at the cooking fire ( e
menial poet ) , and getting h.la head broken, for his paine.
This is very 4iU0ii in"V-tt. (/^ f-re ^
keeping with Uie colours in whtch tiie ' y'l t^tirp^nteu in the
'Iatanp;^:gytl;j the
condition of a god reflects tJ-is .fats of his paoylc.Ita. U
®-wt eventually, aa the ctory cr.ov.'s, ,cade & lucky
aiid
with the p.olr cf hie ?cu3 threw jff the yoko of ocrfdot; he
fled from island to
island, rsleutlocal:.- ch.c«rd \i has r-.-rtcr*^^ until at last,
on the ialnnrt of fAOit-
%{x%a., th.e latter "no linger persecutwl them", rcr the
eratwhile. slave ana ius sons
• "were very strong, and thoir foraily vms mighTiy an "abitausa.
ao it is phieIvo- 0
day*. It would b# very pertinent If we could now ehow the god of
the IJeuowebwe
-
\
f
tkt "ffolk elevated,by th^ revsrsol ?is5=:tesRar fortunea^lnto o
poaition of hon-j-ar i;i l''9
h
Gi 1u^rt'iae ;CHinto®on, i^ut vr.; cavo.oi-.j f:'.r6t,
beoa-.'s.'4 toe t>'jooe?rr^5 of t'oe cl.v': -vfTe
not of ft ftcone f8r-.re!5chln£ enouyh to affect the reli-tIo-a?
systeo of th» Gllbertesa'h.A- O
rftc«j and seooudly, oecauee th» goie of J?i.iv,nOo, aritr^ ehon
Jfe^bwotwe laedo hio fort
unate alliance^ ars thoso srhioh thotr deeoonrianto have
adopte'"-, .^evorfcheloog, iii
t)Ifaf^eau hluisalf, uie ^uoyau®, X appraivoiod that wo see
t:
-
&
the SzXiS. ras&. Ssyt-ril liave tli® Toraor presti;;® «tiil
cUu.jinr, to thtavji
but the yuSt laajorivy h.11 hlati.v^uishi.ig ;;-i«.t suve tha
bars aa'j^ds ha?® baeu
s-TTlicik-s-i up ia Tht;ir ua;ic;^. are littraii/ i®i:,ion -
hiindreuL' are
to t.-i no-biTi of the or-touiVj ';..;t dai-.t or bair.
a:>aouJ'a or .•:'.:.at.i.«i«
frnlohfrcl t»; t'la yrti'O-' tr.'jy ar^ tair. to ;..iv«s
^>layod in c.reatMjn_. are mttod by a
eoniuon bvundj vhoy fere sIlvuu} Uiey were ae/ioeleus and inert
in their dfvrh nlaooa
bet»-?;en h^wr.ven sad eiU'th xatii their uiaetor h'af^^i-edU
buvia then ariaa .^nd do hie work.
'fhe oQ-ihiO'icwt roxa of tale in vhroh one rictaxa of the Pooia
and Deofr-autes
is exsRiplxfied by the Sonouta Croatian cayth.Aocoxdin;--: to
this t^.'pical
f)accovnx, thty •afera not croutosi hy 'Uffjaxn, out Xh.uiu,
u»leey by hiw when hy rnterod
'aetv.-jo-n hoa^nn no.d eo.rt;:. fiiair yj3i\,^0A ronuiuila
us> at onco of iiiiw ehitdrflri of
rvan£j. axMi fapa in the y3.aTxryzl:if. lUid xl la •r.exy
.tutexoetihr. to note thst the epi-/I
thota e.yj'liad to then ay Jtctlirohu. ai'o iJiodiBoly Kan.d
atid Baba. Taese woruo, in
rodem Qilbor';a0e, aexxi respsctireiy ( or slavish ) and
fo&liuh.. The inioyence
that ti-o n-ccea of tlie Clear Cky aiid Faj-'a Uk; EfeX'tri
Kaiher have fellan into
frch eont«:-.pt v-tJh thi» xtsc t/uh- iLty art no# only ahp-iied
lo elr.ve«, recuii'n or
t.-.r* tr-ir eior® bo y; iht tc tloe ev^oji»^,at.io-a of f Pan^i
ond fapa v«opi® at
r®u:ot® oerlod in Ihs hid'UJxy of on© anoeetraX br&uch of
cur ielsndero, Sotat
feint rarii-lc;Since of tXi© grief of Rangt and Papa, whan
separated »crxe still tc lurk6, "fr Xl-ft, (XxtCi,\/in j^t ... Jof
whioh the opening vrorda are, "Hark, harkt How
it Screens*,
ouriouB "aicna account of t:r®3.tiou|̂ page ,,, which goae
near(*r to
sn idey of r-n abeoXute Ra'p^reau iuian oUiar voraion, ehrw?- ua
how th® fool# and-V «>•;,- •t.iro :.-,'.Iv; ^'re^; jv..i b^
c.'yuioi « iiw a-soie idea is pref.er.tec in on©
Z n,'. "/-..t .-.-'."y 'h t-.oso are iite 'v-ck;3.tion:i, Vna
^nd
t.irgftdul'tif of tris cJiro;iisier.v huviiig heea a,,pli.3« to
t..e (.ien'ie.iiig c> 8pr
-
|||J I II I •
Oi Bit.-ian of 'iot* uu/j an-i wo,r..-.5i ~r:3w fro-i rjajTOta
on 1ih» o;'-vupei' plaua+»-I
tjd l-» T'UM, dnvjh,~-5i->irFo:kl'j Tfjn;~r-llos,
Ascoantrt of the rsa Bo.o.o hecoaf conf-Asina Ijj Vno creation
rea-
^ rainirij^ f-'i- .-arfcro.-ice. jjik 3?ru vor'sl 3;2|s.t .oa/Te
.."Tj^p'raa no mant-ion of iiiwi in iliS
rcTjV. tut pl&o-sr. Bliki tb.e Eel, who by all oth»p
rect.js'di& m& tJio
chioC Oi t.h'.iii' nu-ib-jr, mder I,be Treo of pe
>Mf-/^.reau's darliea-v,
• la ;i'V. Oivu.illy rude ccoi-iala^y coattntcbe;" on Polynapian
l Vri#B, JjMSt-i jiiondy
Ec'̂ v /ersionj^^v •-^drje'roacVj tha Bo^ha r'cao fror f-and md
vaner in twc Buo-oeaoS.vo ooriernvi0ii3» The oldtr (renerntiori
vioneiete of Riiki td-'e Eei^ rabakea 1»lie
Tui'llts, two Iviy.j, and an tinnnmod iftult.itud© of ©there.
SThese are horn wxc-houisevsas -9, ^ »ttnf'ifc, but,their ^soaicf
hroLhcr and T!c^f.t:i ""u and Tefai'ep (wiio arc not Deai"
f
icut6-»:)» hogct e eeeondi r,enf;)--tlon. coretfting of
Te^'pvwai' ( The Eldeet ), jlei k'arenaa I<
( "he n'̂ 'vef'Tt ), Te^^ro f Tn?- "eye ), ctAd .'ie-f-kika (
The Octor^w ), who uIho
oC'U.or.'?cro vritil raised by euu the IVanyf-ra The aost
irnuortent ax thoioirlll now b« di^tueecd.
HAt^^TinU nnd TEf/vrSA.
A d '.* V->) E'.vdoatl;' ..rx tho acoounh of and hi.s u.'.fo
Tof^kea we h«-.ve & fcrm
of tlx« aat-om Pai;.nioair.n nyth of Vntc;i» the noon-day £Cd,
nhoj
-
'0
ralaxiou bfcvVbca GilLerttise XiUia^./binis ana rolynsoien
Ak-ea, Yste-a, Ateu, or TJakea.
And uto ixau 'ri^sirRU ar-^ '.h'-- c.
-
I "
w'i'V .vrios ox" /;a av ].«?»«tj cau ',y^ tx'acc^ back to «
Uid bio^JXJ Ubtj uilbai-t trca;i had caa.l^^e.-i&tsd viih
ths
black ua^iOChiho/ies, i^bijy iaifc;j:tt.«a to bsxcoa, .?he-ris
will bo iaowa to havs sts.ysd
fci' w very loii/s, u-,a«». tusx'fe uoet pjfcbablj'y-tUey
abscrbsU tii® Tinirsa trail tier., tii#
aiaio tasiily btfcaai'-a cl tu-ia «i-iii..',rity o,» Ita aalxcnt
fe^turoa v.itli tiiose oi tiieir
Ajtoa (Vatca) - 'ib.v.Ucr^bj.ao jfacji-be-j Uvua «x axCv/.uir.
for tlic ^od's resiiirrcc Irj th3
IjI© yx' i-:a»au^, aiuj. 11.^,^ aa iai...!jr x;* A.icia, buv,
atiil "clxe su^ Jecv,, ci tho
jjXviayxw «i. i k>Xx-'-0f " I
b Ad'J'- Ti"it av X* oPU S •
(n) I 0aTU»Ov xlwi Ccx taint-i place rafiCika. In the C-ilbert
Group, he 1b etill
fcxsociate i with u wi.i 'c-o t'Lej x. {on*> *.d^ tuc
viultLix££/ "usec. for personal adcrnait*c.t and
fcr i.i-j"»it.>hxn^ taa iidf^v-pc aa vi' huuv^au. Ihlt rhcii
ie ec.ict tc yard oif cti] fort-9
Uii'̂ ! i,u u-t-L^ua, li'C b'w'vx or O^ijO^.vn vug u ^.ov. of
e:inf.r.ce, alec ccv.rit'ctec; vlth
nilk.'n «;x.c eucperictix'p with the Fe'e
01" Suiiwc, wc xxiivo in ilia a vory aijolont Polj-neeian
deity,, bwcauee, risyitiy or ytTox^ly,
tixe fit'ux^uxsi aonjioct tiiO Octopaa pjod vhoBa archaic
a9£;®~lkl'i
-
f: ^
I15
V»; rf.w^.v -•-) c.lUv.-i. it.^'rrH, T«v's.A^-i
j'f.^\ii\-ra^i.^cr },.xr;;r%Xy ;.u
4li) i . •) • ♦•'J.l*'* 4.11 •j.'**jj".# S.*5 ••.*.*'.V>
M*'t' Uii"- X X-' :5*^S'f- \X^? ftiiu *
;:v -i .Xi vw'jAdu uu r.iVi 'lovrii ..U*^ rK.*o:i;> .u« o o/*
r?.na iVjaiv-aui^.a?
*'c 4.:* rjiov-;-i .xft Uii? jvitroz*. oi" ow^'ax ^04*';n oj'
tlivlnHv.l.'>.i, i\w::i-yrl-/ :iui:u U3cu, u.ii
I ii^ u ••,'Avitti|iri4a.u iii'&ux Kilou^ rti£in iitff
.c-uiyAX-iu-ifi iuyliifau ua^« ••• »"!#V
*. j:ii7.f;a>a SmMi -c; liKuvt Uta 1^.^9t.i n wh^ro Ql' 07
Jry afoistiui, wiiare xho ajuia oi' ;ill
U4au, aer. uoj-c t^ r.i-ri XiC Xte Uiro;;tad tw tJio inna ci
yh.s.'iea- Hio fiau.? iu uO
-•- •uut i...ia-..i.u\::f., "i l.y 17 roaka arui >;:;o;jea oi
no^re ; >i«t) luuiai Hjl.w^, Vi/itth
spiises •' •-: iii-'.v liij" ..-'irij scvv^.-.r.;- i:. ma
v»itf «"oi.»'i»ow^>r iV>—•ifi.uh6xiai'«•iii« t-Afl. "Uiif
i-mi Mavvji;» ft/Kl -.Via •.»•.' laa laaua iijro'rf o-i th'-; \«,'
./sd of lihey
Vwkft Uoon Vb.^r« for all tixia, f v y/era n7t .'f voa
;Aa.;!on,i broort", Thf» f^raa-iohild
o* •tiuaar;ii} to fl.od n na.'J'ia far wKia,
iiis i-a*-ji.yfc V'.'ok liir;. vv U.o Vferioue of tJic
ciia-t-Vv^rft in "titrn, until they aauia to
l^lakfca. tn ti-,; i:,i.-j (.f
if-oh-Xftf-. >:"«.e 0 ic'.r^ "^i-hwi-V! oro, a tiOd of Vrr
oarij mi \ kijon'., j:'.t.a,i>i'vaul;.w t}-,=it li® »a* an
6..*eaetj*al 5,ocl Oi. the (..arK racej hut I vivuid oot
o&ro lO uvjKatiwe i7n this* fhfr®
tti'a .AOdv.tt of »*ijor nnu nincr voi gou» uli ovtr U\«
Peiji/jc. fro-i TurAtr'# account
0* • t^u.w.ar vi»t '(aiiy villa^® •iaitl.-'s, «yUt® U'»r®3et®a
to on® mot'ioi", i^ore
-fiiL:. thie 'jiTtatArej vaos® 'eideeyro*! cult 4:»oo; th® t*
no-t !»:«•-ac^
-
, , ^ ' 'I '*i4i*Uk. ' . 1 ( I •••» V .
•" ' 1"^ I
-.,
3.ii.TU'«cj-jr,u t'j tilts ctiiiI,tcif ti-f -sonrj.ar.
ivi^tA'fe BZt'init/iee ^.\ f,:'i ,-foi.,' lAiix^ ar« .onwh.'sr
vttgue, I'ui a» U>-, '.•r«..i' 'if
hsj tf» h**« soffid r^latio^iewUi! vi-tii th9 #»J ^.rxi fit
.?n3io» oaM»£l 'langt.
Uuw ht^^irumr »i H^avsn. In Ru, txi« «ky »i*pporter of
M»n,!;3ian th«9r« ar-? aXuo
tasa :'?ai/rt r
Pa^s ... ?a6# «... - (j\i'
0]^. alfo th# biPth cf TAn.-xoro* from 0 boil In Pa,?*'* afa, la
Mtmgalaa aytb*
-
V t4 ^:*.•*Hvc. nor.'v. consiCi-ji'̂ ^>le ijiforr'.c hoyt-
h^j.y.i cctni^e 'iV'̂ 'xa vV-« ' 1
iiiB ai.r!"w, iiKe ^aat• >jt' iPue--..tra, is EtTrc?.u had.
bo^ottea ohlldrtn
04 tliO of the dov.th, he v^ant c/er the cca^jn s-nd l.iy with
tb^ toawi of
the Njrcij arid he b"'rct cii ldren c. her, e 3^£.vleh bread,
7ahvri,-aal and P.l/ki, thofho "JO. it .vast '.i.> f ,• iM J
r.-.?d, le tol-. by
chiiiir^n of fcbe no-tbern h/onan''- '
a aolem fJi rac; f •'rsfatuor.- "ere sj Inxj. o:i d^.-aotv tir.t
thet* .rji..'.ev9d
tneitwaivea a;7.tO0j'.tjr.v',A& 'jf thit:. i c-.id..- It i ?
-oir it-.'ba L :i ".iJ-t 1.-cr.j*o.-i, i j iiear
frOJX t'lAu, a luRal+i^ii fcLi, th:it ti^ore ^ny '.."atarip.: ^
Uje i-ortu, who
TTith iUjlki aharad the orana of slayer-, [I hcyi to iat-j that
it nevnhj JjzX-the T'lijuri^.o&i foU of tna (forth were "tts
tiaa«-?toriJ of Vcd Tticar^fi^i To,,.. werit
fa.oa; iviieji the latter 'acr« dri .'«r. O'lt of 'Jpolu^
ratui'iitv. ^,3 the -lli)a-t
IsiAudi;, Aita tacir o'.;n ar.ceutrol Itln, cn larcd tasx, nr4
thaA att^
thea in, aahhisquunX trailtlone witr, a'sc.'.'wi".t natc-
Ihe eoupllar together .^f Tatar.t,^ ,ai'r- {„o.l ui,»6 Vio
ve
aif nif ioa-'xt: sneh repressnta a oc.op'.e, Taburl^^^ai was of
oin rucini a,, jlkl of^ 0/
a'lo-ihar - ia foot, of vi,e •ds^rt-BiunntJd fslk who yrodaccd
I-tiff.; e.,u >u:f, _!^jvr(.we. \7#
seta; i»o fi/id co:»f.ir:.atj.on oJ' tiils coi^^«otur'^ jo tuic
c.-i.j the
geru aerth.j&t page Bl^ki under the firet ancestral tr®# en
the
-
•K
15
f)lanrJ. yf AL-aLoa, axiu ca.i.at' .Lii s.» twe iicieal aocceivt
ox' aaf^ra&a. iaLa.«a ia ?cajanc=
"ui-ju wjLu; uUf .;i' uhv r..i:>i'wtf'-iei;i yersx-fnj^t
a«sf.';ei.a
I Ua+fyeau /raaj aiia ••iRaw-ui^uia,, wne ivo ®ei», it.
aii'oraif raae^r-aui#I
i .^i'ouiide for bfilieYlfig that xii^.ki c.h«t S^l waa an
aoo«9tral god of th*' • /)I d.?jf/c-8id.aued race, and poacibiy a
eulaergod gre&tiug spirit ci tl*® liu^juia-AU ui&n».
•;'} , • .5 ; liever Mho less, ^r. nntft oe reaiombt^red tlrat
the brca-n p^cpis oi Xabvriruai
I7
.'.ilii i Ulltf'ki
did o.ot- arrive Ir-c;03o aa a pure iaco) frcm the
cle£ori,;,tion of tiieir pnyalque
•ili'i;.ady co&nantsc upon, it i» plain that they had a good
daai oi one iaelanesiaa in
t'uavi, iind T.i..ei9i':re t.ieir panT-i.-eon met have
cor.xaaaei an elaaeni of dark gods before
tn9 .i''?truoion of the Na+^read-»Tait>akea doitie®. It is
poasioi^i t;iat Sikki was on« ofth/ssOf If h© ¥.-a(e;, ho .•.lasc.
.•XB.rt had >otne affinities vrp- i'...d.nij;; attoapr/ed to
allocate to, their ree.-eotiVo petpX© »,wWw ^.ro
