Initial Environmental Examination

Document Stage: Final Project Number: 48434-003 February 2019

IND: Visakhapatnam Chennai lndustrial Corridor Development Program – External Connectivity to Naidupeta Industrial Cluster Road

Package No: VCICDP/APRDC/06

Prepared by Andhra Pradesh Industrial lnfrastructure Corporation Limited, Government of Andhra Pradesh for the Asian Development Bank. This final initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section of this website.

In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.

Initial Environmental Examination

IND: Visakhapatnam Chennai Industrial Corridor

Development Program (VCICDP)

(External Connectivity to Naidupeta Industrial Cluster Road)

Prepared by the Government of Andhra Pradesh (GoAP), Government of India (GOI) for the Asian Development Bank

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CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS

(as of 27th August 2018)

Currency unit – Indian rupee (Rs)

Rs1.00 = $0.0143

$1.00 = INR69.900

ABBREVIATIONS

ADB - Asian Development Bank

APRDC - Andhra Pradesh Road Development Corporation

APIIC - Andhra Pradesh Industrial and Infrastructure

Corporation Limited

CGWB - Central Ground Water Board

CPCB - Central Pollution Control Board

CRRI - Central Road Research Institute

DoE - Department of Environment

EA - Executing Agency

EFRC - Environment Friendly Road Construction

EIA - Environmental Impact Assessment

EMP - Environmental Management Plan

EMMP - Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Plan

GDP - Gross Domestic Product

GRC - Grievance Redressal Committee

GoI - Government of India

IEE - Initial Environmental Examination

IRC - Indian Road Congress

MDRs - Major District Roads

MoEF - Ministry of Environment and Forests

MSL - Mean Sea Level

NGO - Non Government Organization

NH - National Highway

NOx - Oxides of Nitrogen

NSDP - Net State Domestic Product

PIU - Project Implementation Unit

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ROW - Right of Way

SEIAA - State Environmental Impact Assessment Agency

SGWB - State Ground Water Board

SH - State Highway

SPM - Suspended Particulate Matter

SO2 - Sulphur Dioxide

SSI - Small Scale Industries

SSR - Standard Schedule Rates

SPCB - State Pollution Control Board

TOR - Terms of Reference

VSS - Vana Samrakshana Samithi

WHO - World Health Organization

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DEFINITIONS

Affected Family: Any family affected by the project, living, cultivating in land or carrying on

business, trade or any other occupation within the Corridor of Impact (CoI) who is impacted by

the project is an Affected Family (AF).

Affected Person: Any individual, part of the affected family living, cultivating in land or carrying on business, trade or any other occupation within the Corridor of Impact (CoI) who is impacted

by the project is an Affected Person (AP).

Agricultural Land: Land used for the purpose of: (i) agriculture or horticulture; (ii) dairy farming, poultry farming, pisci-culture, sericulture, seed farming; (iii) breeding of livestock or nursery

growing medicinal herbs; (iv) raising of crops, trees, grass or garden produce; and (v) land used

for the grazing of cattle.

Assigned Land: The government cultivable waste land provided to the land less poor persons

for their lively hood more particularly land less agricultural labor and if the land is required for

public purpose, on payment of compensation, the land can be resumed to govt.

Assistance: All support mechanisms such as subsistence allowance, shifting assistance,

livelihood assistance, involving monetary help, services or assets given to APs constitute

assistance in this project.

Compensation: Compensation refers to amount paid to acquired private land and/or structure

in accordance with the provisions of Sec 26, Sec 27, Sec 28, Sec 29 and Sec 30 pertaining to

compensation and Sec 31 and Sec 32 pertaining to rehabilitation and resettlement contained in ‘The Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and

Resettlement Act, 2013’.

Cut-off Date: For title holders, the date of SIA notification [Sec 4(2)] of intended acquisition as

per the provisions of RFCTLARR Act will be treated as the cut-off date, and for non-titleholders

the start date of project census survey for the subproject will be the cut-off date.

Displaced Family (DF): Any family living, cultivating land or carrying on business, trade or any other occupation within the Proposed Right-of-Way (PRoW) who are impacted by the project

and have to relocate is a Displaced Family. All the members of a DF in the project will be

treated as DPs.

Displaced Person (DP): Any individual or part of the DFs living, cultivating land or carrying on

business, trade or any other occupation within the PRoW who are impacted by the project is a

Displaced Person (DP).

Encroacher: Any person illegally occupying public property by extending their land boundary or

a portion of their building onto the RoW is an encroacher.

Entitled Person (EP): Entitled Person includes all APs who qualify for, or are entitled to, compensation / assistance since being impacted by the project. The basis for identification of

Entitled Persons (EP) in the project will be the cut-off date.

Marginal Farmer: A cultivator with an un-irrigated land holding up to one hectare or irrigated

land holding up to one-half hectare.

Right-of-Way: Right-of-Way (RoW) is the land that has been granting to be owned by

PWD(R&B) abetting the carriage way and including the carriageway and recorded as PWD

(R&B) land in the revenue records.

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Proposed Right-of-Way: The proposed right-of-way (PRoW) is the width required for the actual

construction of the road including the carriageway, shoulder, embankment, and longitudinal

drainage, wayside amenities like bus stops, bus shelters, and etc. and necessary safety zones.

Temporary Building: Temporary building means a temporary type of structure, which includes

buildings with roofs constructed of thatch, galvanized iron or asbestos.

Significant Impact: The APs suffering the following impacts and requiring to relocate are

categorized as significantly impacted APs: (i) loss of place of dwelling, (ii) loss of place of

business; (iii) loss of livelihood; and (iv) loss of agricultural productive land.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 8

1. INTRODUCTION 10

1.1. Background 10

1.2. Purpose of the IEE 10

1.3. Extent of IEE 10

1.4. IEE Methodology 11

1.5. Structure of the report 13

2. POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK 14

2.1. Environmental Legislation (National and State Laws) 14

2.2. International Environmental Agreement 24

2.3. ADB Policy 25

3. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT 28

3.1. Location and Project Type 28

3.2. Category of the Project 29

3.3. Need of the Project 30

3.4. Description of Sub Project/Corridor 30

3.5. Details of Cross drainage structures:- 32

3.5.1. Parallel Drains 33

3.5.2. Major and Minor Bridges:- 33

3.5.3. Requirements of Crossings and Flyover/ROB/PUP/VUPs etc., :- 33

3.6. Proposed Improvement Components 33

3.6.1. Traffic Considerations 33

3.6.2. Proposed Improvements 33

4. DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT 35

4.1 Introduction 35

4.2 Physical Resources 35

4.3 Ecological Resources 40

4.4 Economic Development 43

4.5 Social and Cultural Resources 45

5. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND ITS MITIGATION MEASURES46

5.1. Introduction 46

5.2. Beneficial Impacts (Positive Environmental Impacts) 46

5.3. Negative Environmental Impacts 46

5.4. Ecological Resources 57

5.5. Human Resources 58

5.6. Mitigation for Quarries 61

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5.7. Mitigation of Borrow Areas 61

5.8. Environmental Effects Related to Operation 62

5.9. Potential Environmental Enhancement/Protection Measures 62

5.10. Rehabilitation Plan for Quarry/Borrow Pits 68

6. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES 70

7. CONSULTATION, INFORMATION DISCLOSURE AND GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM 72

7.1. Public Consultation and Information Disclosure 72

7.2. Objectives of the Public Consultations 72

7.3. Methodology 72

7.4. Project Stakeholders 72

7.5. Consultations with Local People/Beneficiaries 73

7.6. Disclosure of information 74

7.7. Grievance Redress Mechanism 74

8. INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS AND RESPONSIBILITIES 78

8.1. Introduction 78

8.2. Safeguard Implementation Arrangement 79

9. INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY AND DEVELOPMENT 83

10. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT & MONITORING PLAN 85

10.1. Environment Management Plan 85

10.2. Environment Monitoring Program 85

10.3. Performance Indicators 85

10.4. Generic Guidelines for Implementing EMP 86

10.5. Environment Management Budget 97

11. MONITORING AND REPORTING AND IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE 99

11.1. Monitoring and Reporting 99

11.2. Implementation Schedule 99

12. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 101

APPENDIX-1: RAPID ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT (REA) CHECKLIST 103

APPENDIX-2: TREES DATA ALONG THE SUB PROJECT ROAD 109

APPENDIX-3: LAND USE PATTERN 110

APPENDIX-4: DETAILS OF EXISTING BORROW AREAS 111

APPENDIX-5: ENVIRONMENTAL SURVEY ALONG SUB PROJECT LENGTH 112

APPENDIX-6: PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND PROJECT PHOTOS 114

APPENDIX-7: ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 129

APPENDIX-8: ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN 130

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APPENDIX-9: NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS 142

APPENDIX-10: NATIONAL DRINKING WATER STANDARDS 143

APPENDIX-11: CRITERIA FOR WATER CLASSIFICATION BY CPCB 145

APPENDIX-12: NATIONAL AMBIENT NOISE STANDARDS 146

APPENDIX-13: MANAGEMENT OF CONSTRUCTION PLANTS, EQUIPMENT AND VEHICLES 147

APPENDIX-14: CAMP SITE MANAGEMENT 150

APPENDIX-15: MANAGEMENT OF CONSTRUCTION WASTE AND DEBRIS DISPOSAL159

APPENDIX 16: GO ON GRM GOVERNMENT ORDER NO GO.RT.NO. 163 DATED 08-06- 2018 FOR ESTABLISHMENT OF GRIEVANCE REDRESSAL MECHANISM 161

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Project Description

The Government of Andhra Pradesh is planning to take up Industrial Development program in Vizag – Chennai Industrial Corridor (VCIC) with ADB loan assistance. As part of this project, Andhra Pradesh Road Development Corporation / Roads and Buildings Department have been entrusted with the responsibility to identify and develop certain roads connecting proposed industrial clusters to National Highways, Ports, Airports, Railway Stations, urban centres, etc., which are mostly divided roads with a median.

The Government of Andhra Pradesh has taken up Visakhapatnam - Chennai Industrial Corridor – Development Programme (VCIC–DP) for infrastructure development and institutional reforms to stimulate economic growth and employment generation in ANDHRA PRADESH with ADB loan assistance.

With regards to transport sector, the following road sub-projects are proposed for development under VCIC-DP-Package-I.

The sub project External connectivity to Naidupeta Cluster section has been proposed to implement, upgrade the single lane road to 2-lane road on priority based.

Environmental Sensitivity And Project Categorization

Project road is not passing through any wildlife sanctuary, national park, tiger reserve, protected area or any other similar eco-sensitive areas. None of the sections of sub-projects pass through protected or reserved forests. All other impacts are site-specific and can be addressed through proven mitigation measures. Hence, the project is classified as Category B warranting an initial environmental examination (IEE) which has been conducted in consistent to Safeguard Policy Statement (SPS), 2009.

Existing Environment

A brief description about the existing environment, including its physical and ecological resources, economic development of the region, and issues relating to quality of life are presented in this section. Broad aspects on various environmental parameters (geology, soil, topography, climate, land use, water resources, water quality, air quality, noise quality, tourism, cultural resources etc.) which are likely to be affected (direct or indirect) by the proposed road improvement project are covered. These aspects are covered in broader geographic extent to present the entire project region.

Andhra Pradesh is eighth largest state of the country has a geographical area of 1.6 lakh sq. km, which constitutes 5.05% of the land area of the country.

Policy, Legal and Administrative Framework

Government of India has enacted more than thirty environment conservation laws and Acts. Some of these are: The Environment (Protection) Act 1986, The Wildlife (Protection) Act 1972, The Forest (Conservation) Act 1980; The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act 1974, The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act 1981; 1988 amendment of The Motor Vehicle Act (M.V.) Act, 1939.

The Water Act, 1974 and The Air Act, 1981 entrusted the task of their implementation and regulation to pollution control boards set up for such purpose at State and Central levels.

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Screening of Potential Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures

This section presents the key environmental issues associated with different aspects of the proposed project. Identification and assessment of the potential environmental impacts are based on secondary information supplemented by data collected by field visits. Impacts on various environmental components have been assessed at four different stages namely project location, design, construction and operational stages.

Public Consultation and Information Disclosure

Public consultation was conducted in the villages situated at the proposed alignment. The

project details were explained to them and the project were welcomed by the community.

Environmental Management Plan, Monitoring Plan and Grievance Redressal Mechanism

The management and monitoring mechanism required to ensure that the project implementation is carried out in accordance with the due regards to environment. These includes major environmental issues and associated impacts, suggested mitigation measures, implementation and supervising responsibilities, a monitoring plan and institutional assessment and training requirements for successful implementation of the mitigation measures.

Sub-project specific Environmental Management Plan (EMP) has been formulated with an intend to set out action required to avoid or mitigate all impacts and the responsibility for taking each action. Responsibility is made legally binding when actions are subsequently specified in contracts. Environmental Monitoring Plan (EMoP) has been prepared to ensure that the intended environmental mitigations are realized and these results in desired benefits to the target population causing minimal deterioration to the environmental parameters. All costs for implementing the mitigation measures and monitoring plan will be included in the Bill of Quantities (BOQ) by the contractor as implementation of the EMP will be the responsibility of the contractor.

All the three parties involved in this project implementation i.e. Contractor, CSC and executing agency will maintain complaint registers at their following respective offices Contractor’s main site offices i.e. office of the Project Manager, CSC’s main site office i.e. office of the Engineer’s Representative and

Conclusion

This initial environmental examination (IEE) ascertains that upgrading is unlikely to cause any significant environmental impacts. Few impacts were identified attributable to the proposed subproject, all of which are localized and temporary in nature and can be easily mitigated with minor to negligible residual impacts.

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1. INTRODUCTION

1.1. Background

Andhra Pradesh Industrial Infrastructure Corporation Limited (APIIC) a wholly owned undertaking of Government of Andhra Pradesh (GoAP) has a mandate to develop industrial

areas across the state. APIIC has developed around 300 Industrial Parks spread over an extent

of 121,655 acres and in addition it has also developed sector specific industrial parks and

special economic zones at strategic locations across the state.

The Government of Andhra Pradesh is planning to take up Industrial Development Program in

Visakhapatnam – Chennai Industrial Corridor (VCIC) with the loan assistance of Asian Development Bank (ADB). As a part of the project, Andhra Pradesh Road Development

Corporation / Roads and Buildings Department (GoAP/R&BD) has been entrusted with the

responsibility to identify and develop certain roads connecting proposed Industrial Clusters to

National Highways, Ports, Airports, Railway stations, urban centers, etc., which are mostly

divided roads with a median. Andhra Pradesh Road Development Corporation (APRDC) will be

the implementing agency for the project, on behalf of R&BD.

The project roads are located in the State of Andhra Pradesh (AP) and can be referred as part

of external connectivity to coastal corridors. The variation Order V of Package-1 of additional

roads falls under three districts of AP namely Nellore, Chittoor and Visakhapatnam (Vizag).

Nellore district (Sri Potti Sriramulu Nellore district), located in coastal Andhra region. The district

is bordered by the Bay of Bengal to the east, Kadapa district to the west, Prakasam District to

the north, Chittoor district and Thiruvallur district of Tamil Nadu to the south.

The main objectives of the improvements are to improve the regional, as well as inter and intra

state transport flows, and in doing so improving access to services, and making the State

attractive to developers and investors. To fulfil the above objectives and due considerations to environmental feasibility of above road section, Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) was

carried out for this section.

1.2. Purpose of the IEE

ADB requires the consideration of environmental issues in all aspects of the Bank’s operations, and the requirements for environmental assessment are described in ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement (SPS), 2009.

This Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) addresses components of Naidupeta Industrial

Road section of Nellore District, which include widening of the existing carriageway to 2-lane

configuration.

The components will include 4 E’s (Education, Enforcement, Engineering, and Emergency) as per GOI’s guidelines in selected area of the VCIC.

1.3. Extent of IEE

The IEE of the proposed road section has been undertaken to identify and to minimise the

adverse environmental impacts, if any, associated with construction and operation. Environmental issues considered in this IEE are mainly macro-level and may have adverse or

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beneficial impacts. Initial Environmental Examination of the roads has four basic objectives, as

stated below, to:

• Determine the magnitude of potential environmental concerns and to ensure that

environmental considerations are given adequate weight when carrying out the

proposed road constructions / improvements;

• Identify the environmental issues that should be taken into account when new links are

constructed and/or existing links are improved - such as to include both adverse and

beneficial impacts;

• Identify any further need for environmental studies or Environmental Impact Assessment

(EIA); and Identify potential enhancement / mitigation measures, if any.

1.4. IEE Methodology

IEE commenced with an initial pre-feasibility site visit and review of the technical details

provided by the APRDC and DPR team and preceding environmental assessment reports conducted for the project road. This was followed by a reconnaissance site visit and discussion

with the implementing agency to reconfirm the technical details of the project road improvement

work. This helped identify environmental attributes which may get altered due to the project and incorporate additional information to the baseline environmental scenario/environmental setting

of the project to meet the ADB Safeguard requirements.

Further steps followed for IEE has been concisely described in following paragraphs.

1. Primary Data Collection

Inventory of all environmental features viz. terrain, geologically unstable areas, waterways/water bodies, road side vegetation, sensitive receptors, common property resources, utilities,

flooding/water logging, and industries was conducted along the project road within the area of

interest/core zone. Since the proposed road is widening of an existing road and does not impact forest area outside the right of way, no bio-diversity study was undertaken. The data collection

from the field was completed with the help of trained enumerators / investigators.

2. Secondary Data Collection

Published reports, government websites, recognized institutions and relevant

government departments were consulted to gather information and maps of the project influence area. For information on ambient air quality, soil quality, background noise level,

surface and groundwater quality, environmental assessment done by DPR Consultants was

referred.

3. Public Consultation

During Socio-Economic surveys, consultations were held with local communities.

4. Other Tools

Remote sensing and GIS based land use map of the study area has been reviewed through

recent satellite imagery and verified on the ground.

Information collected from both primary and secondary sources has been summarized in Table.

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Table 1-1 Primary and Secondary Information Sources

Information Sources

Technical Details APRDC and DPR Consultant

Inventory of road features Ground Physical surveys

Climatic condition Indian Meteorological Department Websites

Geology, Seismicity, Soil and Topography

State of Environment Report, Pollution Control Board, DPR and Primary Surveys

Land Use/Land Cover State of the Environment Report, Satellite Imagery based land use analysis

Drainage Pattern Google Image, Detail Project Report and onsite observations

Roadside Forest/Vegetation Forest Range Offices/State Forest Department, Andhra Pradesh

Archaeological/Cultural Heritage sites Archaeological Survey of India

Status of fishing activity District Fisheries offices

Air quality Noise, Soil and Water Primary survey by DPR Consultants

Borrow areas, quarries and other construction material source

APRDC, Detailed Project Report and Consultation

River geo-morphology, hydrology, drainage, flood patterns

Detailed Project Report, Consultation and site verification

Soil profile and measures to control soil erosion

Soil Conservation Department, Govt. Of Andhra Pradesh

Groundwater Conditions Central Groundwater Board

Socio-economic environment Different Govt. agencies/civic bodies, official websites maintained by state govt., census of India 2011, and public Consultation during the Field survey

5. Assessment of Potential Impacts

Potential significant impacts were identified on the basis of: analytical review of baseline data; review of environmental conditions at site; analytical review of the underlying socio- economic conditions with the project influence area.

6. Preparation of the Environment Management Plan

An EMP for the project was prepared to specify the steps required to ensure that the necessary measures will be taken. The EMP includes the monitoring plan giving details of the resources budgeted and the implementation arrangements.

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1.5. Structure of the report

The IEE has been structured as recommended in SPS, 2009. An introduction section has been included to have a general overview of the project. Executive Summary describing critical facts, significant findings, and recommended actions has been presented in the beginning of the report. The report has been compiled and presented as follows.

Executive Summary

(i) Chapter 1- Introduction

(ii) Chapter 2- Policy, Legal and Administrative Framework

(iii) Chapter 3- Description of the Project

(iv) Chapter 4- Description of the Environment

(v) Chapter 5- Anticipated Env Impacts and its Mitigation Measures

(vi) Chapter 6- Analysis of Alternatives (vii) Chapter 7- Information Disclosure, Consultation, and

Participation

(viii) Chapter 8- Institutional Arrangements and responsibilities

(ix) Chapter 9- Institutional Capacity and Development

(x) Chapter 10- EMP

(xi) Chapter 11- Monitoring and Reporting

(xii) Chapter 12- Conclusion and Recommendation

EXECUTING AGENCY

The executing agency shall be Andhra Pradesh Road Development Corporation (APRDC), Government of India. The project will be implemented by APRDC through its network at district level. The work of the detailed project preparation has been assigned to “Roughton International Ltd, UK in association with SATRA I-MAN Private Ltd.” Initial Environmental Examination study has been undertaken by Technical Assistance consultant in coordination with DPR consultants.

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2. POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK

2.1. Environmental Legislation (National and State Laws)

Implementation of VCICDP will be governed by environmental acts, rules, policies, and regulations of the Government of India. These regulations impose restrictions on the activities to

minimize/mitigate likely impacts on the environment. Many of these are cross sector and several

of them are directly related to environmental issues. The most important of these is the

“Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Notification, 2006”.

The EIA Notification, 2006, sets out the requirement for environmental assessment in India. This

states that prior environmental clearance (EC) is mandatory for the development activities listed in its schedule, and must be obtained before any construction work or land preparation (except

land acquisition) may commence.

Projects are categorized as A or B depending on the scale of the project and the nature of its

impacts.

(i) Category A: Projects could have significant adverse environmental impacts. An EIA is

required to address significant impacts.

(ii) Category B: Category B projects require EC from the State Environment Impact

Assessment Authority (SEIAA). The State-level EAC categorizes the project as either B1

(requiring EIA study) or B2 (no EIA study), and prepares ToR for B1 projects within 60 days. On completion of the study and review of the report by the EAC, the SEIAA issues the EC

based on the EAC recommendation. The Notification also provides that any project or activity

classified as category B will be treated as category A if it is located in whole or in part within 10 km from the boundary of protected areas, notified areas or inter-state or international

boundaries.

Relevant to VCICDP, common effluent treatment plant (CETP) development (new or modification) will attract EIA Notification, 2006 and has been classified as Category B. None of

the transport, power, urban/industrial water supply and sewerage infrastructure proposed under

VCICDP attracts EIA Notification Schedule, and therefore EC is not required.

In addition to the EIA Notification, 2006, there are a number of other acts, rules and regulations

currently in force that could apply to the subproject under the VCICDP. Salient features and

applicability of these legislations are provided in Table 2. This presents specific requirements for the project. Annex provides the environmental standards for air, surface water,

groundwater, emissions, noise, vehicular exhaust and disposal to land/agricultural use of sludge

and bio-solids.

Table 2-1 Applicable Government of India Environmental Legislations and Specific Requirements

No. Legislation Requirements for the

Project Applicability NoC / License /

Permission

requirement

1 National Environment Policy (NEP), 2006

Project should adhere to the NEP principle of: enhancing and conservation of environmental resources and abatement of pollution

The policy governing the environmental rules and legislations and is applicable to all the subprojects.

Non

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No. Legislation Requirements for the

Project Applicability NoC / License /

Permission

requirement

2 EIA Notification, 2006 Environmental clearances (EC)

The Industrial Parks mentioned earlier in Naidupet Industrial zone have been granted Environmental Clearance by the MoEF

Non

3 Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 amended 1988 and its Rules, 1975

Consent for establishment (CFE) and consent for operation (CFO) from APPCB

Compliance to conditions and disposal standards stipulated in the CFE and CFO

As Applicable to proposed subproject components.

It obligatory in case of operation of hotmix plant, batch mix plant and DG sets

4 Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981, amended 1987 and its Rules, 1982

CFE and CFO from APPCB as applicable Compliance to conditions and emissions standards stipulated in the CFE and CFO.

As applicable to proposed subproject components CFE and CFO: (i) diesel generators; (ii) hot mix plants; and (iii) vehicles emitting air pollutants.

It obligatory in case of operation of hot mix plant, batch mix plant and DG sets

5 Environmental (Protection) Act, 1986 amended 1991 and the following rules/notifications: • Environment (Protection)

Rules, 1986 including amendments

• Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016

• Construction and Demolition Waste Management Rules, 2016

• Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000

• Environmental Standards of Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB)

• Notification of Eco Sensitive Zones

• Wetland (Conservation and Management) Rules, 2010

• Hazardous Waste (Management, Handling and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016

Solid waste and sludge generated at proposed facilities shall be disposed in accordance with the MSWM Rules.

Compliance with noise standards

Compliance to environmental standards (discharge of effluents)

Restriction of activities (including construction, tree cutting, etc.) in the notified zones. There are no eco sensitive zones in or near the subproject locations.

Applies to protected wetlands (Ramsar sites, wetlands in eco sensitive areas and UNESCO heritage sites & in high altitudes, and wetlands notified by Government of India) - Prohibits/ regulates activities within and near the wetlands. None of the subproject locations has protected wetlands.

Rules defines and classifies

As Applicable to proposed subproject components.

Non

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No. Legislation Requirements for the

Project Applicability NoC / License /

Permission

requirement

hazardous waste provides procedures for handling hazardous waste.

Requires Pollution Control Board’s consent for handling hazardous waste.

Procedure for storage of Hazardous wastes and provides procedures for recycling, reprocessing or reuse, important and export of hazardous waste.

6 Contract Labour (Regulation and Abolition) Act, 1970;

The Inter-State Migrant Workmen (Regulation of Employment and

Conditions of Service) Act, 1979

Department of Labour, GoAP as principle employer.

Contractor shall register with Labour Department, GoAP if inter-state migrant workmen are engaged.

Adequate and appropriate amenities and facilities shall be provided to workers including housing, medical aid, travelling expenses from home and back, etc.,

Applicable to all construction/civil works.

APIICs to obtain Certificate of Registration.

Contractors to obtain license from designated labour officer

Labour license is required

7 The Building and Other Construction Workers (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act, 1996 and the Cess Act of 1996

Cess should be paid at rate not exceeding 2% of the cost of construction as may be notified

The employer is required to provide safety measures at the building or construction work and other welfare measures, such as canteens, first-aid facilities, ambulance, housing accommodation for workers near the workplace etc.

The employer has to obtain a registration certificate from the Registering Officer.

Applicable to any building or other construction work and employ 10 or more workers

Non

8 The Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, 1986

No child below 14 years of age will be employed or permitted to work in all the subprojects.

No child below 14 years of age will be employed or permitted to work in all the subprojects.

Non

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No. Legislation Requirements for the

Project Applicability NoC / License /

Permission

requirement

9 Minimum Wages Act, 1948 All construction workers should be paid not less than the prescribed minimum wage

Applicable Non

10 Workmen Compensation Act, 1923

Compensation for workers in case of injury by accident

Applicable Non

11 Equal Remuneration Act, 1979

Equal wages for work of equal nature to male and female workers

Applicable

Non

12 AP State Environment Policy

Follows the National Environment Policy, 2006

Project implementation should adhere to the policy aims

Applicable

Non

12 AP State Environment Policy

Follows the National Environment Policy, 2006

Project implementation should adhere to the policy aims

Applicable

Non

13 The Motor Vehicles Act, 1988

Standards for vehicular pollution and prevention control. The authority also checks emission standards of Registered vehicles, collects road taxes, and issues licenses.

In August 1997, the Pollution under Control Certificate (PUC) program was launched in an attempt to crackdown on the vehicular emissions in the States.

All the vehicles that will be used in construction of the subprojects will have to comply with the PUC norms set down under this act.

Applicable Pollution under control certificate is required for construction vehicle

14 Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ) Notification 6th January 2011

Central Government have declared the coastal stretches of seas, bays, estuaries, creeks, rivers and back waters which are influenced by tidal action (in the landward side) up to

The main objectives of the Coastal Regulation Zone Notification, 2011 are:

to ensure livelihood security to the fishing communities and other local communities living in the coastal areas;

to conserve and protect coastal stretches and;

to promote development in a sustainable manner based

Naidupeta Industrial Estate does not attract requirements under CRZ

Non

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No. Legislation Requirements for the

Project Applicability NoC / License /

Permission

requirement

500m from the High Tide Line (HTL) and the land between the Low Tide Line (LTL) & High Tide Line (HTL) as “Coastal Regulation Zone” (CRZ), as per the provisions of the CRZ Notification 6th January 2011.

on Scientific principles, taking into account the dangers of natural hazards in the coastal areas and sea level rise due to global warming.

15 Minor Mineral and concession Rules

For opening new quarries. Regulate use of minor minerals like stone, soil, river sand etc.

Applicable

Non

16 The Mining Act (1952) The mining act has been notified for safe and sound mining activity. The construction of road subprojects will require aggregates. These will be procured through mining from riverbeds and quarries

Applicable

Non

17 Notification for use of fly ash from thermal power plants within 100km reaches of the project.

The MoEF had issued in 2009 a notification that all brick units within 100km radius of thermal power plants were required to use fly ash for making bricks as well as using it for construction activities like building or roads.

Applicable .

Non

18 Public Liability and Insurance Act 1991

Protection from hazardous materials and accident.

Applicable

Non

19 National Environment Appellate Authority Act (NEAA) 1997

Grievances process and how they will be dealt with.

Applicable

Non

20 Explosive Act 1984 - For transporting and storing diesel, bitumen etc.

Safe transportation, storage and use of explosive material.

Applicable Non

21 The Factories Act, 1948 - The Andhra Pradesh Factory Rules

The Act lays down the procedure for approval of plans before setting up a factory, health and safety provisions, welfare provisions, working hours

Applicable

Non

19

No. Legislation Requirements for the

Project Applicability NoC / License /

Permission

requirement

and rendering information-regarding accidents or dangerous occurrences to designated authorities.

22 Chemical Accidents (Emergency Planning, Preparedness and Response) Rules, 1996.

The Rules provide for mandatory preparation of On-Site Emergency Plans by the industry and Off-Site Plans by the district collector and the constitution of four tier crisis groups at the center, district, and local levels for the management of chemical disaster.

Applicable

Non

23 Permission for extraction of ground water for use in road construction activities from State Ground Water Board.

Extraction of groundwater. Applicable to rehabilitation and improvement of water supply. To be obtained prior to initiation of any work involving abstraction of groundwater

It is obligatory in case of ground water is abstracted

24 Permission for use of water for construction purpose from irrigation department

Use of surface water for construction

Applicable. To be obtained prior to initiation of any work involving use of surface water for construction

It is obligatory in case of irrigation channel is abstracted

Some of the important acts applicable to the present project are described herewith:

The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986

The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 is widely regarded as a comprehensive or umbrella

legislation for environment in its entirety. The responsibility for implementation of the provisions

of the EPA has to a large extent been entrusted to the regulatory agencies created under the Air

and Water Acts. Department of Environment (DoE) was created in 1981 in the Central

Government to act as a nodal agency for environmental protection and development in a

coordinated manner.

The principal environmental regulatory agency in India is the Ministry of Environment and

Forests (MoEF) of the Government of India. MoEF formulates environmental policies and

accords environment clearances for the large projects (sector-wise listing done by MoEF). In the

North Eastern Region, the State Department of Environment and State Pollution Control Boards

are enforcing authorities at the State level to resolve environmental issues arising due to any

20

infrastructure project. MoEF has a regional office at Shillong to look after the matters related to

environment in the region.

The Environmental Impact Assessment Notification (2006) and Amendments

The Environmental (Protection) Act, 1986 provided for Environment (Protection) Rules, which are formulated since then. As one of these rules, the Environmental Impact Assessment

Notification 2006 has identified highways (item 7f of Schedule) as one of the project requiring

prior clearance from the central government / state government. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a statutory requirement for obtaining clearance (a comprehensive format

for EIA has been prescribed in the notification).

According to the notification from the MoEF dated 14th September 2006 and subsequent amendments, i) New State Highways; and ii) Expansion of National / State Highways greater

than 30 km involving additional right of way greater that 20m involving land acquisition; are

classified as Category B projects. Hence, project requires prior environmental clearance from

State Environmental Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA).

An application seeking prior environmental clearance in all cases shall be made in the

prescribed Form 1 and supplementary Form 1A, if applicable; annexed to the said notifications.

Forest (Conservation) Act as amended in 1980

Of all laws, the Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 stands out as having particular significance for

this project. The Act pertains to the cases of diversion of forest land and felling of roadside

plantation. Depending on the size of the tract to be cleared, clearances are applied for at the

following governmental levels.

Applicability of the Forest (Conservation) Act to the Roadside Strip Plantations

In 1986, when Ministry of Environment & Forests enacted the Environment Protection Act, the

entire linear stretches of roadside plantations along the State Highways were declared as

protected forest. Although the land is under the control of the PWD, due to its protected status,

clearance is required to cut roadside trees. Applicability of the provisions of the Forest

(Conservation) Act, 1980 to the linear (road or canal side) plantations was modified by a

notification from the MoEF, dated 18 February 1998. The new notification recognized that the

spirit behind the Forest (Conservation) Act was conservation of natural forests, and not the strip

plantations.

In the case of the “notified to be protected” roadside plantations, the clearance now may be given by the concerned Regional Offices of the MoEF, irrespective of the area of plantation lost.

While issuing the approval, in place of normal provision for compensatory afforestation, the

Regional Offices will stipulate a condition that for every tree cut at least two trees should be

planted. If the concerned Regional Office does not accord the clearance within 30 days of the

receipt of fully completed application, the proponent agency may proceed with the

widening/expansion under intimation to the State Forest Department, and the MoEF,

Government of India.

Forest Land

21

Restrictions and clearance procedures proposed in the Forest (Conservation) Act apply wholly

to the natural forest areas; even in case of the protected/designated forest area does not have

any vegetation cover.

The proposed Project road does not involve any acquisition of forest land; hence clearance from

Central Government is not required.

The Wildlife (Protection) Act 1972

This act has no relevance to the proposed road project, as there are no wild-life protected

areas/sanctuaries/national parks in the project influence area.

The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act 1974 (Amended 1988)

The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 resulted in the establishment of the Central and State level Pollution Control Boards whose responsibilities include managing water

quality and effluent standards, monitoring water quality, prosecuting offenders and issuing

licenses for construction and operation of certain facilities.

22

The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act 1981 (As Amended in 1987)

In the state, Andhra Pradesh Pollution Control Board is empowered to set air quality standards

and monitor and prosecute offenders under the Air (Prevention and Control and pollution) Act,

1981.

The responsibility for monitoring vehicular - air and noise pollution lies with the State Transport

Authority (STA), not with the APPCB.

The Government of India (GoI) standards for the discharge of pollutants to the environment

(Water and Noise standards) are listed under the Environmental Protection Act. These standards apply mainly to the control of industrial pollution; with some apply to road construction

projects.

Before implementation of the project, it is mandatory requirement to get NOC from Andhra

Pradesh Pollution Control Board.

In order to obtain an environmental clearance from the MoEF, "Public Hearing" was previously

mandatory, as per the MoEF notification, which came into effect on 10th April, 1997.

The Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000

The Union Government has laid down statutory norms to regulate and control noise levels to prevent their adverse effects on human health and the psychological well-being of the people. The rules titled Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000 have come into force at February 14, 2000. Under the new regulation, different areas and zones are to be identified as industrial, commercial, and residential or silence areas and anyone exceeding the specified noise level would be liable for action. In industrial areas, the noise level limit during the day time (6 am to 10 pm) is 75 decibels and during night (10 pm to 6 am) 70 decibels.

Similarly, for commercial areas day time limit is 65 decibels and night limit is 55 decibels. In the case of residential areas, the limits are respectively 55 and 45 decibels and for the silence zones, 50 and 40 decibels.

The Motor Vehicles Act 1988

In 1988, amendment of the Indian Motor Vehicle Act empowered the State Transport Authority

to enforce standards for vehicular pollution prevention and control. The authority also checks

emission standards of registered vehicles, collects road taxes, and issues licenses.

In August 1997, the “Pollution Under Control” (PUC) programme was launched in an attempt to crackdown on the amount of vehicular emissions in the state. To date, is has not been highly

effective.

The Movement of Hazardous Chemicals

Movement of hazardous chemicals by road is governed by Central Motor Vehicle Rules, 1989 (rules 129 through 137). Besides, regulations and precautions has to be taken while

transporting such goods, the rules stipulate availability of a Transport Emergency (TREM) Card

with the driver of the carrier which shall provide information on hazardous nature of the chemical

carried and also precautions required to handle emergencies such as spillage and fire.

Andhra Pradesh Water, Land Trees Act, (WALTA) 2002: The Act came into force on April 19,

2002 with an objective “to promote water conservation, and tree cover and regulate the exploitation and use of ground and surface water for protection and conservation of water

sources, land and environment and matters, connected therewith or incidental thereto”.

23

ENVIRONMENTAL ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK

The MoEF has the overall responsibility to set policy and standards for the protection of

environment along with the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB). This includes air, noise and

water quality standards and the requirements for the preparation of Environmental Impact

Assessment (EIA) statements for development projects. These standards are of significance for the proposed project. The status of key environmental legislation in India is given in Table 4.1.

Salient features of relevant environmental laws and regulations, including their applicability to

this project is given below.

Table 2-2 Statutes, Policies, Regulations and Responsible Agencies

S.No Agency Statute/Policy Relevant objectives

1

Ministry of

Environment

and Forests

Environment (Protection) Act

1986

To protect and improve the quality of

the environment and to prevent,

control and abate environmental

pollution

Forest (Conservation) Act,

1927

Forest (Conservation) Act,

1980 (as amended in 1998)

Forest (Conservation) Rules,

1981

To restrict deforestation by restricting

clearing of forested areas

Environmental Impact

Assessment Notification 2006

Environment Protection Rules,

1986

To ensure that appropriate measures

are taken to conserve and protect the

environment before commencement

of operations

2

Pollution

Control Boards

(State)

Water (Prevention and Control

of Pollution) Act 1974 as

amended in 1988

Air (Prevention and Control of

Pollution) Act 1981 as

amended in 1987

Solid Waste Management

Rules, 2016

Plastic Waste Management Rules, 2016

Construction and Demolition Waste Management Rules, 2016

Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management and

Transboundary Movement)

Rules, 2016

To provide for the prevention and

control of water pollution and the

maintaining or restoring

wholesomeness of water

To provide for the prevention, control

and abatement of air pollution and for

the establishment of Boards to carry

out these purposes.

To check and control unhygienic

disposal of Solid waste

24

S.No Agency Statute/Policy Relevant objectives

3

Environment

and Forest

Department

Wildlife (Protection Act), 1972

To protect wild animals and birds

through the creation of National Parks

and Sanctuaries

4

Department of

Transport and

Department of

Police

Motor Vehicle Rules, 1989

Motor Vehicles Act, 1988

Rules of Road Regulations,

1989

To check control vehicular air and

noise pollution

To regulate development of the

transport sector

5

Archaeological

Survey of India,

Directorate of

Archaeology

Ancient Monuments and

Archaeological sites and

Remains Act, 1958

To protect and conserve cultural and

historical remains

To regulate construction activities

near the monuments and sites

protected by the Government

6 Revenue

Department Land Acquisition Act, 1894

To set out rules for acquisition of land

by the Government departments and

agencies

2.2. International Environmental Agreement

India is a party to the following international convention that may apply to this project, especially in selection and screening of subprojects under restricted/sensitive areas.

Table 2-3 International Agreements and Applicability to Naidupeta Road

S.No. Agreement Requirements for the Project

1

Ramsar Convention on Wetlands of International Importance, 1971. The Convention on Wetlands of International Importance, called the Ramsar Convention, is an intergovernmental treaty that provides the framework for national action and international cooperation for the conservation and wise use of wetlands and their resources. According to the Ramsar list of Wetlands of International Importance, there are 25 designated wetlands in India which are required to be protected.

There is one Ramsar Site 4 in Andhra Pradesh. However it is not located within or adjacent to the road subproject. Not Applicable to the project

25

S.No. Agreement Requirements for the Project

2

Convention on the Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal, 1989

Solid wastes generated during the road construction may fall in hazardous waste category. This will be disposed within the country, and therefore will not attract this convention.

To protect human health and the environment against the adverse effects of hazardous wastes. This aims at (i) reduction of hazardous waste generation, promotion of environmentally sound management (ii) restriction of transboundary movements, and (iii) a regulatory system for transboundary movements.

3 Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage (Paris 1972)

This Convention defines and provides for the conservation of the world`s heritage by listing the natural and cultural sites whose value should be preserved. Not applicable for the road subproject.

4 Convention on Biological Diversity (1992)

This provides for a framework for biodiversity and requires signatories to develop a National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan. Not applicable for the road subproject

5 Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (Bonn 1979)

This sets the framework for agreements between countries important to the migration of 8 threatened species. Not applicable for the subproject.

6 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), 1993

The UNFCC is an international environmental treaty with the main objective to stabilize greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that will prevent dangerous human interference with the climate system.

India signed the UNFCC on 10 June 1992 and ratified it on 1 November 1993. The project will ensure that all construction activities will not significantly increase the GHG emissions and ensure that design of all infrastructure are resilient climate change impacts

2.3. ADB Policy

ADB requires the consideration of environmental issues in all aspects of ADB’s

operations, and the requirements for environmental assessment are described in ADB SPS,

2009. This states that ADB requires environmental assessment of all project loans, program

26

loans, sector loans, sector development program loans, and loans involving financial

intermediaries, and private sector loans.

Environment Categorization. ADB uses a classification system to reflect the significance of a project’s potential environmental impacts. A project’s category is determined by the category of its most environmentally sensitive component, including direct, indirect, cumulative, and induced impacts in the project’s area of influence. Each proposed project is scrutinized as to its type, location, scale, and sensitivity and the magnitude of its potential environmental impacts. Projects are assigned to one of the following four categories: (i) Category A. A proposed project is classified as category A if it is likely to have significant adverse environmental impacts that are irreversible, diverse, or unprecedented. These impacts may affect an area larger than the sites or facilities subject to physical works. An environmental impact assessment is required. (ii) Category B. A proposed project is classified as category B if its potential adverse environmental impacts are less adverse than those of category A projects. These impacts are site-specific, few if any of them are irreversible, and in most cases mitigation measures can be designed more readily than for category A projects. An initial environmental examination is required. (iii) Category C. A proposed project is classified as category C if it is likely to have minimal or no adverse environmental impacts. No environmental assessment is required although environmental implications need to be reviewed. (iv) Category FI. A proposed project is classified as category FI if it involves investment of ADB funds to or through a FI investment of ADB funds to or through a FI.

ADB Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) Checklist for Roads (Appendix 1) has been used for the screening and categorization. Result of the screening shows the potential impacts

are site-specific, short duration, not significant and few if any of them are irreversible. Thus this

subproject is classified as Category B as per ADB SPS.

This IEE has been prepared and covers the general environmental profile of the sub project

area, an assessment of the potential environmental impacts on physical, ecological, economic,

and social and cultural resources within the project‘s influence area during design and/or pre-construction, construction, and operation stages. An environmental management

plan and an environmental monitoring plan are integral part of the IEE.

The IEE followed a number of steps:

(i) Conduct field visits to collect primary or secondary data relevant to the project area to

establish the baseline environmental condition;

(ii) Assess the potential impacts on environmental attributes due to the location, design,

construction and operation of the subproject through field investigations and data analysis;

(iii) Explore opportunities for environmental enhancement and identify measures;

(iv) Prepare an environment management plan (EMP) outlining the measures for mitigating the

impacts identified including the institutional arrangements;

(v) Identify critical environmental parameters required to be monitored subsequent to the

implementation of the subproject and prepare an environmental monitoring plan;

(vi) Compare the environmental safeguard requirements of Government of India, Government

of Andhra Pradesh and ADB, and identify measures to bridge the gap, if any;

27

(vii) Carry out consultation with affected stakeholders, local administrative bodies to identify

perception of the Project, introduce project components and anticipated impacts; and

(viii) Disclose the draft IEE at ADB website and prepare project brief and/or FAQs in local

language to be made publicly available at the offices of APRDC.

A number of field visits were done during the project preparatory phase from March – August 2015. Field visits were done to conduct ocular inspection and to assess the existing

condition of the physical and biological environment of selected subproject sites, consult with

local people that may be potentially affected by the subprojects, coordinate with APRDC,

executing agency and local authorities, and to conduct secondary data collection.

World Bank’s EHS guidelines

During the design, construction, and operation of the project the borrower/client will apply

pollution prevention and control technologies and practices consistent with international good

practice, as reflected in internationally recognized standards such as the World Bank Group’s Environment, Health and Safety Guidelines.7 These standards contain performance levels and

measures that are normally acceptable and applicable to projects. When host country

regulations differ from these levels and measures, the borrower/client will achieve whichever is more stringent. If less stringent levels or measures are appropriate in view of specific project

circumstances, the borrower/client will provide full and detailed justification for any proposed

alternatives that are consistent with the requirements presented in this document.

Environmental Management Plan

An EMP which addresses the potential impacts and risks identified by the environmental

assessment shall be prepared. The level of detail and complexity of the EMP and the priority of

the identified measures and actions will be commensurate with the Project’s impact and risks.

Public disclosure

ADB will post this IEE, or any update and environmental monitoring reports submitted by the Project Management Unit (PMU) during project implementation upon receipt on its website as

well as disclose relevant information in accessible manner in local communities.

Finalization of IEE

PMU and PIU will update this draft IEE once detailed design of the subproject is completed and

will be submitted to ADB for clearance and disclosure.

Government Regulatory Body

The Andhra Pradesh Pollution Control Board (APPCB) is the main state-level regulatory

agency that is responsible environment protection and pollution control. APPCB through its

19 Regional Offices (RO) across the state regulates environmental protection related activities.

APPCB monitors the environmental parameters to check whether or not it meets the standards

stipulated in its consent order. Surveillance monitoring by APPCB staff, at least once a year, by

visiting the project sites and collecting the sample and testing at APPCB laboratory, and specific

monitoring in case of public complaints.

28

3. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT

3.1. Location and Project Type

The State Highway component of proposed VCIC Connectivity Project has considered a length of

about 33.2 km (as per ToR) of state highways/MDR which include three road sections.

The sub project from Thimmajikhandriga village to Pandluru village on Tada Road section has

been proposed to implement and upgrade to two lane road on priority based. The project road passes through Nellore district. The project road passes though plain and rolling terrain. The

topography of the region is mixed type with combination of horizontal and vertical curves. The land

use is mixed type with sections of agricultural land on plains and small/medium size industries in

clusters. Roadside plantation is observed at few locations along the project road.

The improvement work will be undertaken along the existing alignment and the requirement for

additional land is being ascertained to accommodate the proposed improvement work. There are

no environmentally critical areas in the project road.

Table 3-1 Description of APRDC-APIIC Roads

As per ToR As Per Design

S.No Name of the road project Length (Approx) (in Km) Proposed Length (in Km)

1 External Connectivity to Naidupeta industrial Cluster with NH – 16

6.9 8.700

2

Connectivity to Routhusuramala Cluster (Part of South Block of Proposed Yerpedu – Srikalahasthi Node)

10.3 9.461

3 External Connectivity to Nakkapalli Cluster, Visakhapatnam District (Kagitha to Patimeda)

16 4.425

Total 33.2 22.586

29

Figure 3-1 Map Showing various APIIC-Industrial Clusters along the VCIC corridor

3.2. Category of the Project

Before the start of civil works for the any project roads, the APRDC must obtain necessary

clearances/permits from the regional office of Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF) for

Category A project, State Environmental Impact Assessment Authority for Category B project and

Consent from State Pollution Control Board.

ADB categorizes projects based on their potential environmental impacts. This project has been

classified as Category B according to the ADB TA Paper. The findings of the Consultants’ “Initial Environmental Examination” further confirm that this project falls under Category B.

This category includes projects with adverse environmental impacts, which are of a lesser degree.

As such, an Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) is required and an Environmental Impact

Assessment (EIA) may not be required.

Category B projects require the preparation of an Environmental Impact Assessment only if

“significant” adverse environmental impacts have been foreseen in the IEE. Significant impacts

are those, which are comprehensive, broad and diverse and likely to be irreversible.

The project road passes mainly though plain terrain. The topography of the region is mixed type

with combination of horizontal and vertical curves. Roadside plantation is observed all along the

project road. The improvement work will be undertaken along the existing alignment and the

requirement for additional land is being ascertained to accommodate the proposed improvement

work.

There are no environmentally critical areas in the project road. As part of IEE, an “Environmental Management Plan” is also prepared.

30

Amongst other things, this plan includes issues associated with “Environmentally Friendly Road Construction”, approach, which is now a need for all the road construction.

3.3. Need of the Project

The Visakhapatnam-Chennai Industrial Corridor Connectivity Project is vital from the point of connecting various industrial corridors to the National Highways for the ease in transportation of

goods and inviting various industries by providing other infrastructure facilities like water, power

etc.

The implementation of various project items will have the following direct benefits:

• Improved quality of life for the rural population in the project influence area (10 km radial

distance from the Project road), this as a result of better access to markets, health,

education and other facilities;

• A more efficient and safe road transport system through reduced travel times, reduced

road accidents, reduced vehicle operating and maintenance costs and reduced

transportation costs for goods.

3.4. Description of Sub Project/Corridor

The subproject involves re-construction and widening of 8.700 km stretch of Naidupeta cluster.

The typical cross section of road is shown in figure below:

31

Figure 3-2- Typical Cross Section

32

3.5. Details of Cross drainage structures:-

Proposed Details of Culverts

Remarks

Type of

Structure

No. of

SpansSpan/Dia

Deck

width (m)

Improvement

ProposalType

No of

SpansSpan/Dia

Top Slab

thickness

Wall

thickness

Bottom

Slab

thickness

1 6+250 0+024 Pipe 1 0.6 12.6 Reconstruction Box 1 2 0.25 0.25 0.3

2 6+040 0+239 Slab 1 1.2 6.7 Reconstruction Box 1 2 0.25 0.25 0.3 -

3 5+680 0+596 Slab 2 2 6.5 Reconstruction Box 2 2 0.25 0.25 0.3 -

4 5+010 1+249 Slab 1 1.8 6 Reconstruction Box 1 2 0.25 0.25 0.3 -

5 4+700 1+547 Slab 1 1.2 6.4 Reconstruction Box 1 2 0.25 0.25 0.3 -

6 4+370 1+899 Slab 1 1.8 6.4 Reconstruction Box 1 2 0.25 0.25 0.3 -

7 - 2+502 - - - - New Construction Box 1 2 0.25 0.25 0.3 -

8 3+350 2+908 Pipe 1 0.4 6.6 Reconstruction Box 1 2 0.25 0.25 0.3 -

9 3+040 3+224 Slab 1 2 6.3 concentric w idening Box 1 2 0.25 0.25 0.3 -

10 2+570 3+690 Pipe 1 0.6 10.3 Reconstruction Box 1 2 0.25 0.25 0.3 -

11 2+300 3+958 Pipe 1 0.6 6.5 Reconstruction Box 1 2 0.25 0.25 0.3 -

12 2+130 4+130 Pipe 1 0.6 10.1 Reconstruction Box 1 2 0.25 0.25 0.3 -

13 - 4+699 - - - - New Construction Box 1 2 0.25 0.25 0.3 -

14 - 4+939 - - - - New Construction Box 1 3 0.25 0.25 0.3 Realignment

15 - 5+168 - - - - New Construction Box 1 2 0.25 0.25 0.3 Realignment

16 - 6+003 New Construction Box 1 2 0.25 0.25 0.3 Realignment

17 - 6+595 - - - - New Construction Box 1 2 0.25 0.25 0.3

18 - 7+621 New Construction Box 1 2 0.25 0.25 0.3 Realignment

19 - 7+890 New Construction Box 1 2 0.25 0.25 0.3 -

20 - 8+443 New Construction Box 1 2 0.25 0.25 0.3 -

S.No

Existing

Chainage

(Km)

Design

Chainage

(Km)

Details of Inventory Improvement Proposal

33

3.5.1. Parallel Drains

S.NO Chainage

From To

1 900 1800

2 3300 3700

3.5.2. Major and Minor Bridges:-

Major Bridges

Existing

Chainage

as per

survey

(Km)

Design

Chainage

as per

survey

(Km)

Type

Super

Structur

e Type

Sub

Structur

e Type

No of

Spans

Clear

Span (m)

Clear

Height

(m)

Total

deck

width

Improvement

proposals/

Proposed

structural

configuration

Type of

Structure

No of

Spans

Clear

Span (m)Remarks

1 - 5+623 - - - - - - - New construction MJB-I Girder 5 15 Realignment 

S. No.

Existing Structure Details Proposed Structure Details

Minor Bridges

There are no Minor bridges along the project road.

3.5.3. Requirements of Crossings and Flyover/ROB/PUP/VUPs etc., :-

Flyover

S.No Existing

Chainage Design Chainage

at Junction

Span Arrangement

(m)

Minimum Vertical

Clearance (m)

Total width (m)

1 - 8+022 2 x 42 5.5 -

ROB

S. No Existing

Chainage Design Chainage

Span

Arrangement

(m)

Vertical Clearance

from Rail Top

Level (m)

Total width (m)

1 - 6+966 1*24+4*30+1*24

3.6. Proposed Improvement Components

3.6.1. Traffic Considerations

The appreciation of traffic characteristics is one of most important activity to evaluate the potential of the existing road and identify the major issues to develop various components of the proposed

improvement work.

3.6.2. Proposed Improvements

(i) Widening of road from the existing single to 2 lane configuration.

(ii) Horizontal geometry will be based on IRC: 38-1988 “Guidelines for Design of Horizontal

Curves for Highways and Design Tables (First Revision)” and vertical geometry will be based on IRC: SP 23-1993. Existing gradients in some sections are steep approaching the limiting values or

34

even more than the exceptional values in some stretches. But due to site constraints only minor

easing has been feasible.

(iii) Side drains unlined, lined and lined with cover will be designed for the project road.

(iv) Major junctions at start and end points of both ends are proposed for improvement

as per geometrics laid down in IRC: SP: 41-1994 subject to road side structures/features

constraints.

(v) Pavement profile will have a 210mm, 250mm, 50mm, and 40mm thicknesses for GSBC,

WBM, DBM, and BC, respectively.

(vi) Lay bays/parking areas and wayside amenities are proposed as these may be required

based on present and projected traffic volume considerations. Bus bays and rest areas will be

constructed at required locations.

(vii) Road safety measures are proposed as per IRC: SP: 44-1996 like road delineators,

signage, metal beam crash barriers (at sharp curves and bridge approaches) and guide posts (to

delineate the edge of formation). Various Signages along the project road are :

S. No Signboards Naidupeta

Length of the Project Road 8.65

1 60 cm equilateral triangle (Warning Sign) -

2 60 cm circular (Mandatory Sign) 36

3 90 cm circular (Mandatory Sign) 6

4 80 mm x 60 mm rectangular (Information Sign) -

5 60 cm x 45 cm rectangular (Information sign) 16

6 60 cm x 60 cm square (Information Sign) -

7 90 cm high octagon (Stop Sign) 6

8 Direction and Place Identification Signs upto 0.9 sqm Size Board. 12

9 Direction and Place Identification Signs with size more than 0.9 sqm size Board.

-

10 Gantry Signs 2

11 Cantilever signs 0

12 Reassurance Sign 6

13 0.5*0.6 Sigle Chevaron (cautionary) 82

14 0.45*0.9 Hazard markers 42

Total 208

35

4. DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT

4.1 Introduction

A brief description about the existing environment, including its physical and ecological resources,

economic development of the region, and issues relating to quality of life are presented in this

section. Broad aspects on various environmental parameters (geology, soil, topography, climate, land use, water resources, water quality, air quality, noise quality, tourism, cultural resources etc.)

which are likely to be affected (direct or indirect) by the proposed road improvement project are

covered.

4.2 Physical Resources

Topography, Geology and Soil

Andhra Pradesh is eighth largest state of the country has a geographical area of 1.6 lakh sq. Km, which constitutes 5.05% of the land area of the country. The project area lies between 13.2218° N, 79.1010° E and 14.2581° N, 79.9193° E.

The soil type in the area is mainly red-clayey soil with sandy loam to clayey loam in texture. Stratigraphically, the project area mainly comprises Archaeans, Lametas, Deccan Trap and Recent formation.

Figure 4-1- Geological & Mineral Map of Andhra Pradesh

Climate

36

The climate of Andhra Pradesh varies considerably, depending on the geographical region. Monsoons play a major role in determining the climate of the state. Summers last from March to June. In the coastal plain, the summer temperatures are generally higher than the rest of the state, with temperature ranging between 20°C and 41°C.

The month from July to September is the season for tropical rains in Andhra Pradesh. The state receives heavy rainfall from the South-west Monsoon during these months. About one third of the total rainfall in Andhra Pradesh is brought by the North-east Monsoon.

The month of October and November see low-pressure systems and tropical cyclones from the Bay of Bengal which along with the Northeast Monsoon, bring rains to the southern and coastal regions of the state. November, December, January, and February are the winter months in Andhra Pradesh.

Since the state has a long coastal belt the winters are not very cold. The range of winter temperature is generally 12°C to 30°C.

Nellore District:

The climate of the Nellore district is moderate and characterized by sub-tropical climate. The

annual normal rainfall of the district is 1084 mm. The peculiarity of this district is that contribution of SW monsoon is far less than the contribution of NE monsoon rainfall. The mean daily maximum

temperature in the district is about 38°C in May and the mean daily minimum temperature is about

20°C in December/ January. Temperature in the district begins to rise from the middle of February till May. With the onset of southwest monsoon in June, the temperature decreases to about 20°C

and is more or less uniform during the monsoon period. The relative humidity ranges from 60 to

80% in the mornings, whereas in the evenings it varies from about 45 to more than 70%.

The salient climatic features of the state are as follow:

Average Annual Rainfall - 1084 mm Humidity - 45 to 80% Wind - Light to Moderate Mean Temperature - Summer 300C - Winter 200C Natural Hazards

Andhra Pradesh coastal belt is prone to having potential natural hazards such as cyclones and depressions.

Cyclones are rare in Bay of Bengal from January to March. Isolated cyclones forming in south Bay of Bengal move towards west-north-west and hit Tamil Nadu and Sri Lanka coasts.

In April and May, these form in south and adjoining central Bay of Bengal and move initially towards north-west and north; and then re-curve towards north-east striking Andhra-Orissa-West Bengal-Bangladesh coasts in May.

Most of the monsoon (June – September) storms develop in central and north of Bay of Bengal and move towards west-north-west affecting Andhra-Orissa-West Bengal coasts.

Post monsoon (October – December) storms form mostly in south and central Bay of Bengal, re-curve between 150 and 180N affecting Tamil Nadu-Andhra-Orissa-West Bengal.

37

Cyclone prone areas of Andhra Pradesh are shown below:

Figure 4-2- Cyclone Prone Area Map of Andhra Pradesh

Siesmicity: The Naidupeta cluster fall under Seismic Zone – II and are in the low risk zone.

Water Resources and Water Quality

Nellore district:

The district is underlain by variety of geological formations comprising from the oldest Archaeans

to Recent Alluvium. Hydro geologically these formations are classified as consolidated (Hard),

semi-consolidated (Soft) and unconsolidated (Soft) formations. Ground water occurs in all most all geological formations and its potential depends upon the nature of geological formations,

geographical set up, incidence of rainfall, recharge and other hydrogeological characters of the

aquifer. Among the consolidated formations gneisses are relatively good aquifers. Schistose

formations also form potential aquifers when the wells tapping contact zones with intrusives.

In the consolidated formations ground water occurs under unconfined to semiconfined conditions.

Ground water is developed in these formations by dug wells, dug cum bore wells and bore wells tapping weathered and fractured zones. The yield of the dug wells are in the range of 15 to 35

m3/day and reduce considerably during peak summer periods. The occurrence of fractures in

these formations is limited to 40 to 60 m bgl and occasionally extends down to 70 to 80 m bgl. The bore wells in these formations generally tap the weathered and fractured zones. The yields of the

bore wells generally range between 80 and 350 m3/day. The higher yields are limited to the

available thickness of fractured zones.

The quality of ground water is as important as quantity. Ground water from shallow as well as

deeper aquifers of consolidated formations of the district is generally good. All along the coast

both shallow and deeper aquifers are saline. However, along the coast limited potable ground

water zones do exist at shallow levels but they may not sustain for heavy withdrawals.

As per the ground water resources of the district all the mandals fall under Safe category, hence

no area/mandal has been notified. (Source: Ground water brochure, Nellore district, Andhra

Pradesh by CGWB, Ministry of Water Resources).

38

A Separate Appendix is provided at the last gives the details of primary water quality standards

per Government of India rules and regulations.

Air Quality

As the road passes through the agriculture lands and industrial areas, where more number of trees (about 383 are existing all along the road, the air quality is within the permissible limits. Nevertheless, location specific issues of air pollution do exist (particularly in the project areas) and air pollution does feature as one of priority environmental issues of the project areas.

Dust, vehicular emissions are the main causes of pollution in the road side settlements, villages. Industrial air pollution is mainly confined to areas in the coastal region, where most industries are located. In the project area there are no major industrial activities taking place and also the density of traffic on project road is very less. The air quality is reported within permissible limits in these areas.

Negative air quality impacts during construction are likely to result from three main sources, viz. (i) emissions from construction equipment, including delivery trucks, (ii) fugitive dust from earth-moving operations and demolition, and (iii) localised increased traffic congestion in construction areas.

39

Table 4-1 Ambient Air Quality in the Project Area

S.No Parameters Location PM 10

µg/m3

PM 2.5

µg/m3

SO2

µg/m3

NOx

µg/m3

NAAQS Limit 100 60 80 80

1 Thimmajikhandriga 55 26 18 20

2 Pandluru 71 32 22 25

ADB SPS requires that the subproject applies pollution prevention and control technologies and practices consistent with international good practice, as reflected in internationally recognized standards such as World Bank Group’s EHS Guidelines. Table 6 provides the WHO ambient air quality guidelines.

Table 4-2 WHO Ambient Air Quality Guidelines

Noise Quality

Noise pollution is not a problem in the area. It is expected that noise is neither a major issue in the majority of subproject area nor expected to be a problem except where the project road passes through the settlements, market areas, and junctions at village areas. At busy junction small contribution to the noise levels are expected, but still the ambient noise quality is expected to be well within the permissible limits

It is expected that noise will be created during construction activities like operation of heavy machinery, blasting works, the haulage of construction materials to the construction yard and the general activities at the yard itself. Concrete mixing and material movements will be primary noise generating activities and, most likely, will be uniformly distributed over the entire construction period. Noise barriers and other measures - for example the prohibition of certain types of

40

construction activity and the appropriate timing of construction activities - may be required to mitigate these effects.

Table 4-3 Noise Level in the Project Area

S.No Parameters Location Leq - Day in dB Leq – Night dB

1 Thimmajikhandriga 42 29

2 Pandluru 57 37

ADB SPS requires that the subproject applies pollution prevention and control technologies and practices consistent with international good practice, as reflected in internationally recognized standards such as World Bank Group’s EHS Guidelines. Table 8 provides the noise level guidelines.

Table 4-4 World Bank Group’s EHS Noise Level

4.3 Ecological Resources

Vegetation

More than the one third of the area in the District is covered by forest. The forests are of moist and dry deciduous type. The common species available in them are Guggilam, Tangedu, Sirimanu, Kamba, Yagisa, Nallamaddi, Gandra, Vepa etc.

Bamboo shurbs are sparsely scattered. But forest area in the district has been showing a quiescent pecline since 1955-56 perhaps due to podu practice, indiscriminate grazing and browsing. To stem this, regeneration programmes are being carried out.

Andhra Pradesh is endowed with rich and diverse forest resources and it is a reservoir of biodiversity. The forest area of the state is 94689 sq. km constituting 0.71% of the geographical area of the state and 12.44% of the forest area of the country. Legally this area has been classified into "Reserved Forest, Protected Forest and Unclassified Forest", which constitute 65.36%, 32.84% and 1.7% of the forest area respectively.

Details of Trees along the project road

From topographic data, 383 trees (256 on left side and 127 on right side) of various species exist

within PROW of road. Table 4.3 shows the distribution of trees along the project road. The major

species envisaged are mango tree, coconut, palm, neem etc.

41

Table 4-5 Trees along the Project Road

Trees in PROW

Tree LHS RHS Total

Mango tree 0 1 1

Tree palm 108 66 174

Neem 0 2 2

Tree Other 148 58 206

Total 256 127 383

Wildlife and Protected Area Network

The project road does not pass through the forest area and wildlife/protected area network, and

these don’t exist within project influence area.

However, the following table shows the presence of nearest Wild life/Sanctuary details to the

project site. There is no impact on the bird sanctuary due to our project.

Table 4-6 Wildlife/Bird Sanctuary Details nearest to the site

Details of Wildlife Sanctuary/Bird Sanctuary/Wetlands from proposed alignment

S.No Name of the road

project Proposed

Length (in Km)

Nearest Wildlife/Bird Sanctuary

Arial distance from Proposed Project

Road alignment (Km)

1 External Connectivity to

Naidupeta industrial Cluster with NH – 16

8.700 Pulicat_Bird Sanctuary

34

Land Resources

The total Geographical area of the District is 13.08 lakh Hectares. Of this 20.09% is forest area. The rest is distributed among Barren and Uncultivable Land (10.56%) and Land put into Non

Agricultural uses (18.68%). The net area sown forms 25.96% while cultivable waste and fallow

(current and old) lands Constitute 17.75%. Land use pattern along the project road is also mixed

type dominated by agriculture followed by small/medium scale industries.

Table 4-7 Chainage wise land use pattern details

Chainage Existing Land use Remarks

From To

0 1 Agricultural land both sides

1 2 Agricultural land (LHS) Settlements (RHS)

2 3 Agricultural land both sides

42

Chainage Existing Land use Remarks

From To

3 4 Agricultural lands (RHS) Settlements (LHS)

4 5 Agricultural land both sides

5 6 Agricultural land both sides

6 7 Agricultural land bothsides Railway track Crossings

7 7+600 Agricultural lands (RHS)

Agriculture and Forestry

Nellore district:

Nellore is also famous for quality rice production and aqua (prawn and fish) culture. About 70 percent of the total work force is dependent upon agriculture either as farmers or as agricultural

labour. The main crops are rice paddy and sugar cane. It is particularly famous for a rice breed

called "Molagolukulu". Other crops are cotton, lemon and oil seeds (like peanuts) and horticultural seeds. The total forest area in the district is 2.62 lakh hectares. The forest area is concentrated in

Venkatagiri, Udayagiri, and Podalakur mandals and is covered by bamboo, Cashew, Casurina,

Eucalyptus and shrubs.

Fishing

Fishing in Nellore coastline is extensively used by local fisherman. Large number of irrigations

tanks and Penna is rich in fishery resources. Nellore is famous for shrimp culture. Nellore district is

called the "Shrimp capital of India" due to its high production of cultured shrimp.

Industry

Nellore district:

The handloom sector is a small scale industry and next to agriculture by the number of people

depends on it. Venkatagiri and Patur are important handloom centres in the district noted for their

traditional handcrafted fine cotton and silk sarees embrodied with pure zari.

Krishnapatnam is a major port and market center situated at a distance of 20 km. The port is

expected to become a world-class deep-water port. Iron ore and granite are being exported from Krishna Patnam to other countries like China. One railway line links it with Vekatachalam on main

railway line. Tada is at a distance of 80 km from Nellore with new industrial ventures like the

Adidas factory and Tata's Leather park.

43

Figure 4-3- Forest Map of Andhra Pradesh

4.4 Economic Development

Andhra Pradesh has undertaken considerable industrial growth particularly in the major industrial sectors such as fertiliser, agro-products, edible oil-refineries & bio-fuel plants, Information technology, thermal power generation, etc. Presence of ports such as thee Kakinada port has provided additional advantage to Andhra Pradesh to become a gateway to the East.

The major occupational pattern of the people in the state includes

(i) Cultivators followed by

(ii) Agricultural laborers

(iii) Workers in Household Industries and

(iv) Other workers

Common property resources

Various common property resources like temples, tombs, well, Hand pumps, toilets, etc., are found along the project road. There are about 13 CPRs with in the PROW. However, a total Electric poles of 102 (Left side 64 and Right side 38 are with in PROW.

44

Table 4-8: List of Common Property Resources

Common Property Resources in PROW

Details LHS RHS Total

Tomb 2 0 2

toilet 3 0 3

well 0 1 1

temple 0 2 2

Borewell 1 3 4

OHT 0 1 1

Total 6 7 13

The above CPRs are the least affected number. To mitigate these impacts, R&R budget

has been prepared and presented in the Social Assessment Report.

Transportation

Nellore district:

Roadways: NH-5 serves the major towns of Sullurpeta, Naidupeta, Gudur, Nellore, Kovur and Kavali in the district. The nearest international airport is at Chennai, 170 km to the

south. The national railway runs throughout the length of the district. Nellore is situated

between Gudur Junction and Vijayawada Junction on the Chennai–Howrah main line.

Railways: Nellore railway station is the major railway station of the district and is

connected to major cities such as Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada, Hyderabad, Ahmedabad,

Chennai, Bangalore, Tirupati amongst many others. A railway line is being constructed from Krishnapatnam to Obulavari palle to link up this port with Mumbai Railway line. Rail

Line is completed up to Venkatachalam junction connecting Nellore, Chennai cities.

Seaways: Tirupati Airport and The Chennai International airport are the nearest airports to the district and well connected via roads. The Krishnapatnam Port is located in the district

and is all weather, deep water port.

Mineral Resources

Nellore District:

Nellore district is famous for good quality of Mica. The district is also rich in other minerals

like quartz, silica, barites, vermiculate and laterite. Nellore district is a major producer of mica in the country and has enormous reserves of good quality mica in Gudur, Nellore

and Rapur taluks. The mica pegmatities of Atmakur, Gudur, Kavali and Rapur Taluks

have been mined for mica of commercial value for several decades. Occurrence of barytes is reported from southwest of Vinjamur with BaO content varying from 32% to

50%. Silica Sand useful in the glass industry and as foundry sand occurs at

Ataknaithippa, in Sullurpet Mandal, Ballvelu, Chintavaram, Yerur of Chillakur Mandal.

The mineral is off-coloured and occurs in Schists in association with quartzites. Quartz

useful in glass and Ceramic industries occurs in association with pegmatites in Gudur

Sydapuram Udaigir, Podakalur, Duttalur, Venkatagiri, Chejerla, Kaligiri, Vinjamur and

Chillakur Mandals.

45

4.5 Social and Cultural Resources

Nellore district:

Nellore is considered one of the most tourist places in the state. Numerous temples,

historical spots and beautiful national parks are the highlights of tourism. Sri Talapagiri Ranganatha Swamy Temple is one of the famous temples in Nellore district. The temple

is more than 600 years old. The seven gold kalisams bring a unique beauty to the temple.

There are several other important temples like Jonnawada for Mallikarjuna Swami Kamakshi temple on the banks of river Pennar. Somasila dam of Nellore is the biggets

irrigation projects in Andhra Pradesh. Udayagiri Fort of Nellore has become one of the

important tourist spots. The Udayagiri region is also famous for medicinal plants of the

area.

Quantum Of Construction Materials Required And Borrow Area Particulars

The different materials required for constructions of proposed road are as mention below

table.

Table 4-9 Details of Construction Materials Required

Item Description Unit Approx. Quantity

Barrow Area Cum 5,51,793

Fine Aggregates Cum 18,645

Course Aggregates Cum 1,31,150

Steel MT 1,107

Cement MT 9,520

Bitumen MT 2,148

46

5. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND ITS MITIGATION MEASURES

5.1. Introduction

Road improvement projects are likely to bring several changes in the local environment both beneficial and adverse. Scoping process was undertaken to identify potentially significant impacts for the proposed subproject road. Potential impacts in absence of additional mitigation measures were also identified. There were no potentially significant impacts requiring further assessment identified for the subproject.

This section presents the key environmental issues associated with different aspects of

the proposed project. Identification and assessment of the potential environmental

impacts are based on secondary information supplemented by data collected by field visits. Impacts on various environmental components have been assessed at four

different stages namely Project location, Design, Construction and Operational stages.

The implementation of a road project can cause environmental impacts that are short, or

long-term, and beneficial, or adverse, in nature. As it is further discussed, the overall long-

term impacts will be largely beneficial. A few short and long-term negative effects, mainly

at the construction and operation stages, are, nonetheless, anticipated. These can, however, be kept in check through proper planning and adopting Environment Friendly

Road Construction methods and the appropriate regulatory measures.

5.2. Beneficial Impacts (Positive Environmental Impacts)

The following are expected:

Improvement of the Naidupeta cluster to 2-lane configuration will result in connectivity to the National Highway, reduction in travel time and lower vehicle operating cost i.e., per

kilometer vehicle operating cost from the general improvement work and an absolute

saving in cost due to reduction in fuel consumption for the existing traffic.

Smooth flow of traffic once the 2 lane road laid, especially for the Educational Institutional

buses.

5.3. Negative Environmental Impacts

The following are expected:

Improvement of project road may require cutting of road side trees of about 383 numbers. The cutting may reduce the ecological balance of the area and also enhance soil erosion problem. Also, run-off from the road and the re-channelization of existing drainage may increase erosion. The noise, air and water pollution and disposal of waste, during construction, may negatively impact both local residents and domestic animals. These latter effects should, however, only be temporary/reversible.

There will be a number of quarries and other sources as suitable sources for construction materials. The operation of these quarries, transport of material from quarry to construction site and the scars the quarries may leave on the landscape once work is complete are, however, matters that must be carefully addressed if negative impacts are to be minimised. However, the operation of quarries is an independent and already regulated activity by the Department of Mines & Geology.

Also Improvements on road and construction of bridges may enhance soil erosion, and

reduce the micro-level ecological balance of the area. Construction will also disturb the

habitation of fauna living in this area.

47

These should, however, be only temporary/reversible effects. The widening will also

require clearing of vegetative ground and cutting of trees (tentatively 383 nos.).

The likely negative impacts of various aspects of project on the surrounding environment are more fully described in the following sections.

Negative Impacts

Related to Project Location, Preliminary Planning and Design Location issues

There will be a requirement to establish construction camps and related contractor’s facilities, borrow pits and quarries. These must be located in environmentally sound and

socially safe areas. It is expected that construction materials for the road works will be mined only from approved quarries. The following criteria must, however, be applied when

locating borrow areas:

- Borrow areas are not to be established in ecologically sensitive areas;

- Villagers are to be consulted with respect to location of all borrow areas – these should ensure the safety of local communities and, if possible, should incorporate beneficial post construction features for the villages;

- Borrow areas are to be located away from the Corridor of Impact of Project road as well as 500 m away from settlements, so as to minimise visual impacts.

In regards to the setting-up of construction camps for labourers:

- These should be located at least 500 m away from settlements;

- Living accommodation and ancillary facilities should be erected and maintained to standards and scales approved by the Engineer-in-Charge;

- Toilets and urinals should be provided in accessible places away from the Hot mix plant and mixing yard; and

There are no adverse impacts expected on historical places/monuments. However, there are few religious structures/idols which are coming within ROW and adjacent to existing carriageway. Care must be taken to relocate these structures.

The project road does not pass through (or) adjoining to the protected area (or) forest land (or) ecologically sensitive area. To minimize loss of vegetative cover and/or trees and soil erosion the following mitigation measures are adopted during the detailed design and construction stage of the project:

The detail engineering design study shall be carried out for widening proposal in order to

minimize the need for tree felling or removal of vegetation.

The detailed engineering design shall identify areas prone to erosion and include land

stabilization as part of the design.

The detail engineering studies and construction activities will strictly enforce the

environmental conditions put as part of the Environmental clearance and Consent

conditions from the SPCB.

The improvement of road will be done by adopting Environmental Friendly Road

Construction (EFRC) methods.

The improvements to the existing road for 4-lane configuration will require the need to cut

vegetation along the project road. This will inevitably have a more significant impact and

this matter is discussed in the following sections.

48

Other Impacts deriving from the Project Preliminary Planning and Design Process

During preliminary planning and design of this project, the Consultants have taken into account the need for:

1. Optimum siting and control of quarries; providing adequate cross-drainage structures/drains;

2. Providing side-drainage structures; mechanised construction methods and thereby, for example, reduced use of firewood for heating bitumen;

3. Maximising safety and thereby reducing traffic accidents; Reducing travel times and, thereby, fuel consumption and emissions;

4. Increased accessibility for residents to education, health facilities, markets etc., and for others who might come as tourist or other purposes; and

5. Improving the socio-economic conditions of residents in the project area of influence.

As part of the engineering works for this work, the following have been the guiding

principles in determining preliminary alignments and other matters concerning route.

These principles are implemented during detailed design wherever possible and, if this is

not possible, the appropriate adjustments should be made on site during the construction

phase:

Table 5-1 Environmental Issues and Measures

S.No

Environmental

Issue

Measures to be taken

1 Alignment

Final alignment should be determined so as to minimise land

acquisition and the impact on people, animals and to avoid

unfavourable geological condition and cultural relics.

2 Soil erosion Temporary and permanent drainage systems should be

designed to minimise the soil erosion.

3 Dust and air

pollution

Borrow sites, waste disposal sites and asphalt mixing sites

should be identified – keeping in mind environmental issues

such as dust generation & noise pollution.

4 Cultural heritage Any archaeological sites/remains identified along the alignment

should be intimated to ASI prior to construction.

Construction: Permits and Environmental Impacts to be taken into Particular Account

during Construction

Permits

As a mandatory requirement of Environmental Impact Assessment Notification,

September 2006, by Government of India, any development activities should not be taken

in any part of country unless it has granted clearance from concerned authority.

Highways are classified as one of the project (Item 7f), listed in said notification, which

require prior clearance. The proposed project is classified under ‘Category B’ project as per the said notification and need prior environmental clearances from the State Level

Environmental Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA) at State Level.

At present, No clearances for the Project road has been obtained so far. The process is to

ensure minimal negative environmental effects. Prior to applying for environmental clearance, a number of resource-specific clearances and permits have to be obtained.

49

The following table outlines the type of clearances and permits and the authorized bodies

that issue them along with the procedures involved.

Table 5-2 Authorized Bodies for Clearances and Permits

S.No Clearance/permit Authorised body Procedures involved Time

involved Remarks

1 Environmental

Clearance

State Level Environmental

Impact Assessment

Authority, Government of

Andhra Pradesh

Not applicable to this project - -

2

NOC from Andhra

Pradesh Pollution

Control Board

Member Secretary,

Andhra Pradesh Pollution

Control Board

Application in prescribed form

along with project report and

required fee shall be submitted

to APPCB. After scrutiny of

application if required,

concerned Pollution Control

Board shall conduct public

hearing in particular district

involving State authorities and

Forest department and affected

persons. After fulfilling the

requirement SPCB may issue

the NOC with specific

conditions.

Between 6

month to 1

year

Before Bid of

the project

3 Clearance for

quarry sites

Department of Geology

and Mines, Govt. of

Andhra Pradesh

Submission of application for

stone quarry to the Department

of Mines and Geology after

scrutiny of application and

consultation with revenue

department together with site

verifications will give approval

with specific conditions.

Takes

between 3-

6 months.

Before

construction by

Contractor

4

Permission for

water extraction

for construction

Central ground water

Authority

Applications are required to be

submitted by the applicant

online (www.cgwanoc.gov.in) to

the Authorized Officer.

Takes3-6

months

Before

construction by

Contractor

5

License for Storing

Diesel and other

explosives

Chief Controller of

Explosives

Various on-line steps adopted

for grant of licence in form XIII

Takes 3-6

months

Before

construction by

Contractor

6

Pollution under

Control Certificate

for vehicles and

equipment’s

Transport Department,

Govt. of Andhra Pradesh

The format of Pollution Under

Control Certificate in triplicate

shall be in Form P.U.C

Takes 1

months

Before

construction by

Contractor

7

Consent for

Disposal of

Sewage from

Labour camps

APPCB

Submission of application for

Disposal of Sewage from

Labour camps

4 months

During

construction

(Starting stage)

8 Permission for

tree felling Divisional forest Officer

Submission of application online

along with tree Data. 4 months

After

Completion of

Final DPR by

Consultants

50

S.No Clearance/permit Authorised body Procedures involved Time

involved Remarks

9

Authorization for

Disposal of

Hazardous Waste

APPCB

Submission of application for

Disposal of Hazardous Waste to

APPCB

4 months

Before

construction by

Contractor

10

Permission or

clearance for sand

mining in the river

Commissioner

of geology and mining,

GoAP

Submission of application for

seeking permission for sand

mining in the river

2 months

Before

construction by

Contractor

Unlike other states, in Andhra Pradesh, the road side plantations within right of way,

comes under the authority of R&B Department. But for felling & transportation of trees, permission has to be taken from the Forest department at DFO level, under Andhra

Pradesh Water, Land & Trees Act (WALTA), 2002.

Environmental Impacts: To Be Taken into account during construction

General

Soil and waste generated at construction camps will need to be properly disposed,

otherwise it may create odour, other nuisances and disturb local drainage systems.

Quarries and borrow pit sites and the need for such have not been finalized. Localized

problems may, however, be expected at the finally selected sites. These problems may

include dust and noise pollution and respiratory problems to both workers and local

residents.

The improvements to the road section may involve the cutting of some hill slopes and the

destruction of some trees. At few location amount of cut and fill work expected to be significant mainly at curves and bridge locations. It also involves uprooting of trees. Debris

generated during hill slope cutting should be disposed off in proper places.

The likely environmental impacts from construction activities are summarized in the

following sections.

Physical Environment

(i) Topography, Geology and Soil

During the improvement works of the road sections and because of felling of trees,

ground clearing; stone quarrying, and construction of structures etc. the micro-level

topography will change. With proper planning, these topographical impacts can be kept within acceptable limits and sometimes even used to enhance local aesthetics. Any

negative impacts on topography (existing or new), particularly soil erosion due to a lack of

drainage facilities, will be minimised with the provision of proper drainage facilities such

as culverts, causeways etc. The overall impact on topography is, therefore, anticipated to

be insignificant.

During construction phase, following restrictions should be imposed:

• Existing vegetation including shrubs and grasses along the road (except within the

strip directly under embankments or cuttings) should be properly maintained;

• Sites for quarrying, borrowing and disposal of soils are to be confirmed according to the applicable laws and regulations in the state and the practices followed in

recent/ongoing internationally funded road projects should be continued;

51

• Controlled and environmentally friendly quarrying techniques should be applied to

minimize erosions and landslides;

• Blasting (if any) should not be carried out during busy periods;

• Cut material should be disposed of in suitable depressions;

It is also important to:

• Maintain adequate vegetative cover above and below the road;

• Maintain the natural course of water bodies (that is as far as possible) and avoid

throwing debris into stream courses;

• Construct proper drainage structures, in order to prevent soil from being

saturated with water and hence susceptible to erosion;

(ii) Erosion, Silt Run-Off and Landslides

Excavation and earthworks should be mainly undertaken during the dry season when the

risks from erosion and silt run-off are least. The materials used for surface dressing will

consist of aggregates and gravel, which do not contain silt. Internationally accepted best practice engineering approaches to minimize landslide and erosion risks and silt run-off

will be incorporated into contract documents and monitored during construction.

In order to minimize erosion, and silt run off, it will also be important to:

• Ensure that all embankment grades are not too steep and prone to erosion;

• Waste material is not thrown into nearby river streams and cross cutting water

bodies;

• Temporary retention ponds, interception drains, and silt traps are installed to

prevent silt laden water from entering adjacent water bodies;

• The topsoil of borrow areas is preserved and used for re-vegetation;

• Borrow areas are provided with gentle side slope that are re-vegetated and

connected to the nearest drainage channel to avoid the formation of cess pools

during the rainy season;

• Control the disposal and ensure the vegetative stabilization of soil.

(iii) Climate

The proposed improvement/construction works will be localized activity and the Project should not have any significant impact on climatic conditions viz. rainfall, temperature and

humidity in the project area.

(iv) Surface & Ground Water Drainage & Hydrology

The natural courses of streams should, therefore, as far as possible be maintained.

Appropriate temporary diversions of cross water-courses may be made if necessary.

These streams should, however, be brought back to their natural course as soon as possible. Disposal of construction debris in streams and rivers should be avoided. This

would disturb the water flow, cause siltation and also make the area look unattractive.

Minor impacts on water resources are expected during the construction phase. The rehabilitation of existing bridges may also cause soil erosion and turbidity in immediate

downstream water bodies. To mitigate this, water-bodies slope stabilities should be

monitored and, if necessary, appropriate remedial measures applied throughout the

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construction period. If possible, construction work at bridges should be avoided during the

rainy season. This should minimize erosion and sedimentation.

The likely impacts of surface water movements are changes in the natural drainage

systems and downstream scour and erosion due to construction in flows. If suspended

solid concentrations in the water are affected, this could also affect aquatic ecology.

Construction activities could also lead to:

Temporary pollution of water bodies: from spillage of chemicals and oil at construction

sites and waste from construction camps;

Discharge of sediment-laden water from construction areas;

Uncontrolled surface water discharge over the road edge: creating large–scale erosion on

down-slopes.

To mitigate these impacts the following should be implemented:

Chemicals and oils should be stored in secure, impermeable containers, and disposed of

well away from surface waters;

No vehicle cleaning activity should be allowed within 300 m of water bodies/drains;

Construction camps should be equipped with sanitary latrines that do not pollute surface

waters;

Work on bridges and culverts should be limited to dry seasons, when many of the smaller

streams will have low water - water diversion works can thus be minimized and the

original course restored immediately after the work has been completed;

Drivers should be made aware of diversions and other works at bridge construction sites;

- this is particularly important at night, if accidents are to be avoided;

Drainage structures should be properly designed to accommodate forecast discharges;

Side drain waters must be discharged at every available stream crossing so that the

amount of discharge water is minimized and minimal erosion occurs at the water outlets;

Lined drainage structures should be provided;

Where an increased discharge of surface water endangers the stability of the water outlet,

erosion protection measures such as bioengineering measures, ripraps, and check dams

etc., should be incorporated;

In areas with high water tables, seepage may occur and side drains and up-slope catch

drains must always been lined - this so that no surface water can penetrate into the

subsoil; and

All debris and vegetation, clogging culverts should be regularly cleared.

Ground water pollution most frequently occurs when a disposal site contains chemical

substances, which are leached out during precipitation and then percolate to the ground water table. It is envisaged that no such materials, in any substantial quantity, will be used

in the project. Negative impacts on ground water quality are, therefore, not anticipated-

neither during the construction nor operation phases.

(v) Air Quality

During construction, and at the micro-level only, air quality may be degraded for short

periods. This will occur from: (i) the exhaust emissions from the operation of construction machinery; (ii) fugitive emissions from brick, concrete, and asphalt plants; (iii) the dust

53

generated from the haulage of materials, exposed soils and material stockpiles, (iv)

cutting and filling of hill slope, (v) cleaning of the road, (vi) material loading, (vii) unloading

and (viii) blasting activities.

The impact is, however, expected to be localized, temporary and confined to construction

areas.

Negative air quality impacts during construction are likely to result from three main

sources, viz. (i) emissions from construction equipment, including delivery trucks; (ii)

fugitive dust from earth-moving operations and demolition; and (iii) localized increased

traffic congestion in construction areas.

The negative impacts on air quality during construction stage can be classified as in Table

5.3. There are two types of pollution, dust pollution and pollution from harmful gases.

Table 5-3 Impact on Air Quality during Construction Stage

S.No Impact Source

1 Generation of

Dust (SPM) • Transportation and tipping of cut material - while the former will

occur over the entire stretch between the cutting location and

disposal site, the latter is more location specific and more intense;

• Blasting operations;

• Activation of landslides and rock falls etc.;

• Transportation of raw materials from quarries and borrow sites;

• Stone crushing, handling and storage of aggregates in asphalt

plants;

• Site levelling, clearing of trees, materials loading/unloading at

construction site, construction of bridges;

• Concrete batching plants;

• Hot mix plants – due to the mixing of aggregates with bitumen; and

• Construction of structures and allied activities

2 Generation of

polluting gases

including SO2,

NOx and HC

• Hot mix plants;

• Large construction equipment, trucks and asphalt producing and

paving equipment;

• The movement of heavy machinery, oil tankers etc. on steep slopes

will cause much higher emissions of gases;

• Toxic gases released through the heating process during bitumen

production; and

• Inadequate vehicle maintenance and the use of adulterated fuel in

vehicles

On the proposed cluster, it is expected that air quality will be affected to some minor extent by dust and particulate matters generated by construction, vehicular movements, site clearance, earth filling and material loading and unloading. The impacts are, however, expected to be localised, temporary and confined to construction areas. Care should, however, be taken at sensitive locations so that harmful impacts can be minimised.

As it is expected that Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM) levels will increase during construction, certain mitigation measures are suggested in order to bring down these levels to prescribed standards (or) as far as is possible. The following actions should be implemented:

There should be regular check-up and maintenance of construction equipment - the idling of engines should be discouraged and machinery causing excessive pollution (i.e., visible

54

clouds of smoke) should be banned from sites;

Hot mix plant, Wet mix plant & Concrete batching plant should be operated within the permissible limits prescribed by CPCB, and be located away from settlements;

Contractor should submit a dust suppression and control programme to the APRDC prior to construction – this plan should detail actions to be taken to minimise dust generation and identify equipment to be used;

Vehicles delivering loose and fine materials should be covered to reduce spills;

Controlled blasting, if necessary, shall be carried out only with the prior approval of the

APRDC;

Bitumen emulsion should be used wherever feasible, and

Bitumen heater should be used and the use of wood for fuel shall be prohibited.

(vi) Noise Levels

The existing noise in the project area is not a problem and is within the permissible limits.

During the construction period, noise will be generated from the operation of heavy

machinery, the haulage of construction materials to the construction yard and the general

activities at the yard itself.

Concrete mixing and material movements will be primary noise generating activities and,

most likely, will be uniformly distributed over the entire construction period. These construction activities are expected to produce noise levels in the range of 80 – 95 dB (A).

Piling, if necessary, will also cause vibration. Noise and vibration from this source will be

unavoidable but the impact will only be temporary and will only affect people living or

working near piling locations.

In construction sites within 500 meters of a settlement, noisy operations should cease

between 22:00 and 06:00 hrs. Regular maintenance of construction vehicles and machinery must also be undertaken to reduce noise. The impact and sources of noise

and vibration are summarized in Table.

Table 5-4 Likely Impact on Noise Quality in the Vicinity of Project Area

Impact Source

Increased Noise

levels causing

discomfort to local

residents, workers

and local fauna

Mobilisation of heavy construction machinery;

Accelerations/decelerations/gear changes – though the extent of impact

will depend on the level of congestion and smoothness of the road

surface;

Excavation work for foundations;

Construction of structures and other facilities;

Crusher plants, Hot mix plants; and

Loading, transportation and unloading of construction materials.

There are few houses existing along the road at – Kothapeta, Graddgunta and Sitarampuram villages. The R&R for the same has been drafted and no sensitive

locations are available within the vicinity of the Road.

Typical noise levels associated with various construction activities and equipment’s are

presented in Table below:

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Table 5-5 Typical noise levels of principal construction equipment’s

Construction Equipment’s Construction Equipment’s

Bulldozer 80 Crane 75-77

Front end loader 72-84 Welding generator 71-82

Jack hammer 81-98 Concrete mixer 74-88

Crane with ball 75-87 Concrete pump 81-84

Concrete vibrator 76

Excavation and Earth Moving Air compressor 74-87

Bulldozer 80 Pneumatic tools 81-98

Backhoe 72-93 Bulldozer 80

Front end loader 72-84 Cement and dump trucks 83-94

Dump truck 83-94 Front end loader 72-84

Jack hammer 81-98 Dump truck 83-94

Scraper 80-93 Paver 86-88

Grading and Compaction Landscaping and clean-up

Grader 80-93 Bulldozer 80

Roller 73-75 Backhoe 72-93

Truck 83-94

Paving Front and end loader 72-84

Paver 86-88 Dump truck 83-94

Truck 83-94 Paver 86-88

Tamper 74-77 Dump truck 83-94

Source: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, noise from Construction Equipment and

Operations. Building Equipment and Home Appliance. NJID. 300.1 (December 31, 1971)

The noise levels indicated for various construction activities/equipment, while far exceeding permissible standards, will occur only intermittently and be only temporary.

Despite this, these extremely high sound levels present a real risk to the health of workers

on- site.

Mitigation measures:

Noise barriers (Brick Wall) of 180 cm Width * 200 cm Height of length of 14m at 3+900

and 4m at 2+000 are provided at temple locations.

Since the anticipated post-construction volumes of traffic on the project road is expected

to be low, impacts from higher noise levels will have little significance even though

present noise levels in these areas are low. In these areas, the noise produced during construction will also not have a significant impact, if proper mitigation measures are

taken. The traffic along the project road is as follows:

Project Road Location Chainage ADT PCU AADT PCU

Naidupeta Cluster

Road

Near

Kothapeta 3+600 1130 1233 1162 1261

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Traffic Location

Total Projected Traffic Naidupeta Cluster Project Road

Year Total Vehicles Total PCU

2018 1984 2876

2023 2887 3886

2028 4161 5243

2033 5892 7017

2038 8146 9261

2043 10947 11987

2048 14355 15244

Mitigation Measures should include:

• Construction machinery should be located away from settlements;

• Careful planning of machinery operation and the scheduling of such operations can reduce noise levels. The use of equipment emitting noise not greater than 90

dB (A) for an eight-hour operations shift and, when possible, the siting of

construction yards at least 500 metres from residential areas should be adhered

to;

• Controlled blasting should only be carried out with prior approval from the

Engineer in charge;

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• Contractors should be required to fit noise shields on construction machinery and

to provide earplugs to the operators of heavy machines;

• Blasting should be conducted only during day-light hours; and

• Only controlled blasting shall be conducted, if necessary.

(vii) Topography and Appearance

Construction activities of the project roads will bring permanent changes in the local-level

topography and appearance of the project site. There will be a loss in aesthetic beauty of

the project area mainly due to the earthwork. However this is usually a temporary phenomenon limited to the construction stage and the stage immediately following it.

Proper re-vegetation activities and natural resumption of site stabilization generally bring

back the previous look of the area. The following table elaborates potential effects on the

topography and appearance and appropriate mitigation measures.

Table 5-6 Potential effects and mitigation measures

S.No Construction

activity

Potential effect on

topography and appearance Mitigation

1 Stone quarrying Scarring of landscape and

potential landslides (rock

slides/falls). There may be

permanent changes in the

landscape.

Stone quarrying should only be

undertaken in legally approved areas.

Controlled and environmental friendly

quarrying should be carried out to

minimise landslides and erosion.

2 Earthwork from

borrow areas

Scarring of landscape due to

unearthing activities, minor

but permanent changes in

landscape.

Borrow areas should be in legally

approved locations. As soon as

construction activities are complete,

they should be re-vegetated and

brought back as far as possible to

their previous appearance.

3 Waste disposal Disposal of cut soils and

debris at improper locations

such as hillside below the

road will make the area look

untidy and unattractive.

Cut off material should be used to

widen the road or disposed of at

proper disposal sites.

4 Establishment of

labour camps

Disposal of waste and litter at

improper locations and

deforestation for fire-wood will

make the area look dirty and

unattractive.

Provision and allocation of proper

waste disposal bins and sites are

required. A supply of cooking gas

should be provided by the contractor

to eliminate the use of fire wood.

5.4. Ecological Resources

i. Wildlife

There is no forest area in the Project Influence area nor have any wild-life crossings been

reported by the Forest Department.

ii. Vegetation

The project road passes through plain terrain. Removal of the existing road-side vegetative cover and uprooting of about 383 trees which will reduce the ecological

balance in the areas.

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This will enhance soil erosion. Another impact from road construction activities and

deriving from quarrying, preparation and transfer of stone aggregates and earthwork, is the accumulation of dust on the surrounding vegetation. This will leads to deterioration of

the vegetative health, which in turn will affect the ecology as well as the aesthetic beauty

of the area.

Induced impacts may result from the following:

• Increased earth and rock extraction

• Construction crew demands for wood as a fuel and for building materials

• Construction crew demands for food

• To minimise negative impacts on the vegetative cover the contract documents

should specify that:

a) All wood building material for workers housing should be brought from outside the

project area;

b) Workers should be supplied with non-wood fuels such as kerosene or liquefied

petroleum gas for the duration of the contract;

c) All contractor equipment and plants should be cleaned to the satisfaction of the

project Engineer-in-charge prior to their relocation to project sites;

d) During site clearance, care should be taken to ensure that the minimum area of

vegetation is affected;

e) Adequate Water bowser shall be used for sprinkling of water during construction activity on haul roads, so that dust deposition problem on vegetation are

minimised.

• It is estimated that about 383 trees will need to be removed for widening of the

road. Generally only part of the removed vegetation can be revived.

Revival can be maximised by applying the following methods:

a) Clearing only the necessary amount of vegetation from the project sites;

b) Protection of slopes of road embankment by turfing with Kew grass (or) locally

valuable species

5.5. Human Resources

i. Health, Safety and Hygiene for Construction Workers

Construction of the road will inevitably result in the generation of waste. In isolated places, the amount of waste generated may be greater than normal because of substandard

subsoil materials, which will need to be replaced.

The Contractor will be required to control the construction site, keep it clean and provide facilities such as dust bins and dust collectors for the temporary storage of all waste. This

waste should be stored adequately to avoid the pollution of water supplies and water

sources and to avoid dust formation. The Contractor should be responsible for the safe removal and/or storage of all waste in order to prevent environmental pollution of any type

that may be harmful to people or animals.

All necessary safeguards should be taken to ensure the safety, welfare and good health of all persons entitled to be on the sites and to ensure that works are carried out in a safe

and efficient manner. The personnel working at vulnerable site locations should wear

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safety helmets and strong footwear. It should be ensured that all workmen and staff

employed on site use proper safety equipment for example, eye protectors, ear plugs, safety helmets, and the designated safety equipment when working over water and that

proper rescue equipment is available. Fire extinguishers and first-aid equipment’s shall be

kept at all sites.

Inevitably, injuries may occur. At the construction camps and at all workplaces, first aid

equipment and nursing staff should, therefore, be available.

The construction camps are anticipated to house up to 200 people for about eighteen months. With this concentration of people, the potential for the transmission of diseases

and illnesses will increase.

The main health and safety risks during construction will arise from: inadequate sanitation facilities in worker camps introduction of sexually transmitted and other diseases, by

immigrant workers; and outbreaks of malaria, typhoid, cholera etc. amongst the labour

force. The following actions should be undertaken at construction camps and stipulated in

construction contracts: the contractor should be required to submit and obtain approval for

a health and safety plan prior to the commencement of work; there should be provision of

adequate health care facilities; and workers should be required to undergo pre-employment medical screening and treatment (if required) and periodic health checks

thereafter.

Additionally, the project should support a public health education programme for workers and villagers covering road safety, malaria, hygiene, and sexually transmitted diseases.

The district health departments should participate in monitoring and education of

communities and workers affected by the project.

ii. Nuisance to nearby properties

Nuisance to nearby properties is likely to result from: noise and vibration from mechanical

devices and construction plant; dust during quarrying, construction and the trafficking of

new surfaces prior to sealing; gaseous emissions from heavy equipment; and fumes from

asphalt boiling sites.

Presently air/dust pollution is not a major issue in these areas. Nonetheless, there should be regular watering of the road surfaces or the application of emulsion coats near villages,

where dust is a nuisance. Noise generating equipment such as power generators and

concrete mixers should be kept away from populated/commercial areas. Provisions should also be incorporated into the contract to require the use of dust suppression

measures.

iii. Interference with Utilities and Traffic

On the project road, utilities interfere with the RoW at few locations. There are, however,

few locations of electricity and telephone cables that will have to be moved prior to

construction. This should not be a major problem.

Traffic may experience minor delays when diverted around active construction areas, but

will be more severely hampered at the locations where temporary road closures are

necessary. Such may, however, be unavoidable. Danger points should have proper signs

indicating the nature of the problem envisaged. All signs should be distinct and visible.

iv. Community Impacts

There will be minor widening work on entire road length - in which case the resettlement

problem will be only minor or nil.

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A public consultation process has been undertaken as part of the IEE study.

Construction camps may, however, put stress on local resources and the infrastructure in

nearby communities. In addition, local people may raise construction-process related

grievances with the workers. This sometimes leads to aggression between residents and

migrant workers. To prevent such problems, the Contractor should provide the construction camps with facilities such as health care clinics, places of worship and

occasional entertainment. The use of local labourers during the construction will, of

course, increase benefits to local peoples and minimise these problems.

Construction activity will, however, inevitably impact community resources, often

adversely. Religious sites and places of public entertainment are particularly vulnerable,

though the owners of the latter will probably welcome the increased, albeit temporary,

patronage.

v. Quality of Life

The impact of the improvements of project road on the socio-economic environment will

be significantly beneficial. Improved access and reduced travel times and costs will be

major stimuli to economic growth, particularly in rural areas. The better access of

agricultural goods to market will be particularly important and a major contributor to

poverty reduction.

Increased labour mobility will also occur. This may, however, have both positive and

negative impacts. Increased access is a two-way phenomenon, and the corollary to increased access to the project areas is increased access for the residents of these areas

to more urban life-styles. Out-migration may, in fact, be the principal outcome. There is

also the likelihood of the relocation of homes and businesses to new road-side locations.

During construction, benefits to local people can be maximized if the Contractor recruits

construction workers locally. Where possible, he/she should also not discriminate in the

employment of women.

The long-term effects of these roads on poverty reduction are, consequently, expected to

be significantly positive.

vi. Construction Materials

The use of proper sources for stone and aggregates has become a major issue in most

states. Sand and gravel are often obtained from river deposits. Jurisdiction over stone and

aggregates is shared between the “Geological Survey of India” and the “State Forest Department”. The “Geological Survey of India” issues licenses for major mineral

developments. The “Forest Department” issues permits for stone quarrying and for sand

and gravel extraction. This is largely because these are mostly found on forest lands. Roadside quarrying is officially discouraged, but unofficially continues, invariably by petty

contractors.

Road maintenance, repair and new construction will continue to cause large demands for construction materials. There is a clear need for a better materials supply policy in each

district, both to minimise environmental impacts of small-scale, poorly managed

operations and to improve the quality and reliability of supply. In some districts, it may be

appropriate to develop centralised quarries, if an operator can be attracted.

In any case, pre-designation of sources would give Contractors a level playing field for

bidding and minimise incentives for environmentally damaging cost cutting.

As mandatory requirements for clearance of project every quarry and borrow areas:

should be subjected to a site specific environmental investigation; should work according

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to an approved plan; and should be left in a safe condition or restored to a productive land

use. Subject to these conditions, obtaining construction materials for projects will not

cause unacceptable impacts.

Quarry and borrow pits may be filled with rejected construction waste and afterwards

should be given a vegetative cover. If this is not possible, then the excavated slopes

should be filled in such a way that they resemble an original ground surface.

5.6. Mitigation for Quarries

• Aggregates should be sourced only from licensed quarry sites that comply with

environmental and other applicable regulations;

• Occupational safety procedures/practices for the work force and as per law should

be adhered to in all quarries;

• Quarry and crushing units should be provided with adequate dust suppression

measures - there should, for example, be water sprinkling in work areas and along

the approach roads to quarry sites;

• There should be regular monitoring of the quarries by concerned authorities - such

to ensure compliance with environmental management and monitoring measures.

5.7. Mitigation of Borrow Areas

• Prior approval should be obtained from concerned authorities and all local

environmental regulations be complied with;

• Within all identified borrow areas, the actual extent of area to be excavated should

be demarcated with signs and access to the operational area controlled;

• Borrow pit plant and machinery should conform to EPA noise emission

regulations;

• Protective gear, for example earplugs, should be provided to the workforce exposed to noise levels beyond threshold limits and there should be proper

rotation of such personnel; and

• All operation areas should be water sprinkled to control dust levels to national

ambient air quality standards.

• The project will require large amounts of bitumen or bitumen emulsion. This will,

most likely, be supplied in drums. These empty bitumen drums are generally recycled as steel sheeting, or used in road construction as parapets or for bank

stabilisation. When supplied and used in this manner, bitumen is not regarded as

a significant environmental hazard.

• The project will require the import, transport and use of fuel and oils. Minor diesel

spills are common in region, especially around fuel stations.

• The project provides an opportunity to assist the APRDC and Contractors in

improving fuel handling practices so as to minimise future fuel spillage.

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5.8. Environmental Effects Related to Operation

Noise Vibration, Air Pollution & Runoff

The current traffic flows along the project road is expected to increase because of

improved economic activities associated with better access. The larger numbers of vehicles will be an additional source of noise and gaseous emissions. Repairs to culverts

and new drainage work will eliminate/reduce the soil erosion problems presently caused

by poor cross drainage.

Land Use and Settlements

The likely impacts on land use and settlement patterns are limited. Improved access will

inevitably lead to increase in and out migration, but this is likely to occur gradually and

over a prolonged period. There will be time for new residential areas to be established.

There may, however, be a need to control ribbon development. The improvement of road

will attract the new development along the road. However, this is not expected much in

the near future due to topographic features, but still in long term induced development is

expected.

Social Impacts

The likely social impacts can be divided into benefits that occur to local society and other

benefits, in terms of improvements to the wider quality-of-life. Specific benefits to local

people will include:

• Easier communication

• Easier access to markets (both internally and regionally) with savings in travel

times and costs

• Enhanced market efficiency through better distribution and accelerated deliveries

etc.,

• Improved access to health, education and other social services

• Employment generation

• Improved technical skills and

• Enhanced economic activity

• Likely adverse social impacts will include

• Increased chances of exposure to communicable diseases, particularly during

construction

• Influxes of new settlers leading to increased pressure on natural resources

causing hardship to local communities relying on local/forest resources and

• Rural-to-urban migration causing labor shortages in the depleted rural areas and

other negative impacts in the urban areas.

5.9. Potential Environmental Enhancement/Protection Measures

In order to improve the environment conditions the following measures should be taken

during construction.

Sanitation and House Keeping at the Labor/Construction Camps

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a) Site Selection

Construction camps should be located at 200 - 500 m away from existing habitations -

the living accommodation and ancillary facilities for labourers should be erected and

maintained to standards and scales approved by the Engineer-in-Charge;

All sites used for camps should be adequately drained and they should not be subjected

to periodic flooding; and

Camps should be located such that drainage from and through the camps will not

endanger any domestic or public water supply.

b) Water Supply

An adequate and convenient water supply, approved by the appropriate health authority,

should be provided in each camp for drinking, cooking, bathing and laundry purposes;

Potable water supply systems for labour camp occupants should be as per the design

approved by local public health/engineering departments and meet the water quality

standards as prescribed by the WHO. In addition, the design of water system facilities

should be based on the suppliers and the Engineer-in-Charge’s estimates of water demands;

Drinking water system must be monitored in accordance with water quality parameters as

prescribed by the WHO. Any water supply system used for cooking purposes that is

drained seasonally should be cleaned, flushed, and disinfected prior to use. Furthermore,

a water sample of satisfactory bacteriologic quality, i.e. a sample showing not more than

one coliform bacteria per 100 ml sample, should be obtained before such systems are

placed into service; and

All construction camps and other workplaces, good and sufficient water supply should be

maintained to eliminate the chances of waterborne/water-related/water-based diseases

and to ensure the health and hygiene of the workers.

Also, for dust separation and for watering to trees, there is need of water supply. The

following table shows the water demand for various uses at the time of construction

period.

Table 5-7 Water demand of the project

Dust suppression /Allied activity of

Construction (Wet mix etc.,) (in KLD)

Domestic Purpose

(KLD) Trees

For trees (KLD)

Total in KLD

Source Remarks

15 3 766 8 26 Surface

water/Ground

Due to presence of Swarnamukhi

river

c) Toilet Facilities and Hygiene

Within the precinct of every workplace and accommodation unit, latrines and urinals

should be provided in an accessible place, as per standards set locally. Where flushing systems cannot be provided, all latrines should be provided with a dry-earth system,

which should be cleaned at least four times daily and at least twice during working hours

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and kept in a strict sanitary condition. Receptacles should be tarred inside and outside at

least once a year;

Toilet facilities adequate for the capacity of the camp should be provided - each toilet

room should be located so as to be accessible;

A toilet room should be located within 200 feet of the door of each sleeping room and no

toilet should be closer than 100 feet to any sleeping room, lunch area or kitchen;

An adequate number of urinals should be provided.

Waste Disposal

The sewage system for the camps should be designed, built and operated to the satisfaction of the concerned public health engineering department, so that no health hazard occurs and no pollution to the air, ground or adjacent watercourse takes place - compliance with the relevant legislation must be strictly adhered to;

Garbage bins should be provided in the camps and regularly emptied and the garbage disposed off in a hygienic manner to the satisfaction of relevant norms; and

On completion of the works, all such temporary structures should be cleared away, all rubbish burnt, excreta tank and other disposal pits or trenches filled in and effectively sealed off and the outline site left clean and tidy to the entire satisfaction of the Engineer-in-Charge.

Silt Fencing

Silt fencing will be provided to prevent sediments from the construction site entering into the nearby watercourses. The silt fencing consists of geo textile with extremely small size supported by a wire mesh mounted on a panel made up of angle / wooden frame and post. It is expected a single person will be able to drive the angles by pressing from the top. The frame will be installed at the edge of the water body along which construction is in progress. The number of such units to be installed can be decided depending upon the length of the water body along the side of the road construction.

Silt fencing is proposed for a along the length water bodies adjacent to the road. This is based on the primary survey data and detailed discussions with structure engineers wherein it was found that the length shall be sufficient to cover all minor and major bridge locations and the road side water bodies. Depending on the length of the individual water body, the number of units of silt fencing to be installed is decided by the Independent Engineer.

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Figure 5-1: Silt Fencing

Oil interceptor

Oil and grease from road run-off is another major concern during construction as well as operation. During construction, discharge of oil and grease is most likely from workshops, oil and waste oil storage locations, vehicle parking areas of the contractor and the concessionaires' camps. A total of ---- oil interceptors shall be provided at all such locations to arrest oil and grease, as per figure 8-2. The arrested products shall be disposed as per MoEF and SPCB guidelines. The location of all fuel storage and vehicle cleaning area will be at least 300 m from the nearest drain / water body.

Figure 5-2: Oil Interceptor Design

Rain Water Harvesting

Rainwater harvesting structures all along the proposed alignment as per as per MoEF&CC guidelines and are a cost effective method for recharging of ground water level in the project area. The rainwater-harvesting chamber shall be placed at every 1000m interval with dimensions of 2 x 2 x 0.75m3 all throughout the project corridor except at urban areas. A perforated RCC Slab covers the chamber.

There is a 20cm filling, which also acts as sediment trap. There is another sediment trap in the bottom from where debris can be removed manually after certain period. A vertical drain (PVC pipe) is then sunk from the bottom of the chamber to a depth which varies as per the water table. However the Rain water harvesting pit should be at least 3 - 5 m. above the highest ground water table. Drains interconnect these chambers.

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The contractor and the concessionaire, along with the Engineer shall identify locations along the project route where water can be stored for the summer at least in 10 locations. Since the project area is in a water scarcity area, this shall act as good environmental practice. The measure will also reduce the cost of transportation of water. These locations should be permanent which shall be handed over to the local residents at the end of the project so that the water shortages can be reduced to a certain extent. Lump sum provision has been provided in the EMP.

Design of a recharge trench

The methodology of design of a recharge trench is similar to that for a settlement tank.

The difference is that the water-holding capacity of a recharge trench is less than its gross

volume because it is filled with porous material. A factor of loose density of the media

(void ratio) has to be applied to the equation. The void ratio of the filler material varies

with the kind of material used, but for commonly used materials like brickbats, pebbles

and gravel, a void ratio of 0.5 may be assumed.

Using the same method as used for designing a settlement tank:

Assuming a void ratio of 0.5, the required capacity of a recharge tank;

= (100 x 0.025 x 0.85)/0.5

= 4.25 cu. m. (4,250 litres)

In designing a recharge trench, the length of the trench is an important factor. Once the

required capacity is calculated, length can be calculated by considering a fixed depth and

width.

Figure 5-3: Rain Water Harvesting Design

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d) First Aid

Injuries may inevitably occur and it is, therefore, pertinent to provide first aid facilities for all workers - at construction camps and at all other workplaces first aid equipment should be provided;

Adequate transport facilities for moving injured persons to the nearest hospital should be provided and these should be in a ready-to-move condition;

First-aid units should have an adequate supply of sterilised dressing material and should contain an appropriate selection of other necessary appliances.

e) Maintenance

All buildings, rooms and equipment and the grounds surrounding them should be maintained in a clean and operable condition and should be protected from rubbish accumulation;

All necessary means should be employed to eliminate and control any infestations of insects and rodents within all parts of the labour camps - this should include approved screening or other control of outside openings in structures intended for occupancy or food service facilities;

Each structure made available for occupancy should be of sound construction, should assure adequate protection against the weather, and should include essential facilities to permit maintenance in a clean and operable condition – the comfort and safety of occupants should be provided by adequate heating, lighting, ventilation or insulation and, when necessary, the facilities to reduce excessive heat; and

Each structure made available for occupancy should comply with the requirements of

local building codes – though this should not apply to tent camps.

Guidelines for identification of Debris Disposal Sites

The locations of dump sites should be selected in such a manner that:

• Residential areas are not located downwind of these locations

• Dump sites do not contaminate any water sources, rivers etc.,

• Dump sites have capacity at least equal to the amount of debris to be generated

• Public perceptions about the manner and location of debris disposal are obtained

and taken into consideration before finalising locations; and

• Permission from the head of the village/community is obtained

• Precautions to be adopted during Dumping of Debris/Waste Material

• The contractor shall take the following precautions while disposing off waste

material:

a) During site clearance and disposal of debris, the contractor should take full care to

ensure that public or private properties are not damaged/affected and that traffic is

not interrupted

b) The Contractor should dispose off debris only to identified places or with prior

permission of the Engineer-in-Charge of works

c) The Contractor should only dispose of debris from the improvement of public utilities after the proper consent of villagers and approval of the Engineer-in-

Charge of works

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d) In the event of any spoil or debris from the sites being deposited on any adjacent

land, the contractor should immediately remove all such spoil debris and restore the affected area to its original state to the satisfaction of the Engineer-in-Charge

of works

e) The contractor should at all times ensure that all stream/river courses and drains

within and adjacent to the site are kept safe and free from any debris

f) When dust is likely to be created, and to dampen stored materials during dry and

windy weather, the contractor should apply effective water sprays – this should

also occur during the delivery and handling of materials

g) Materials having the potential to produce dust should not be loaded to a level

higher than the side and tail boards of a truck and should be covered with a

tarpaulin in good condition

h) Any diversions required for traffic during the disposal of debris should be provided

with traffic control signals and barriers and after discussions with local people and

the permission of the Engineer-in-Charge of works

i) During debris disposal, the Contractor should take care of surrounding features

and avoid any damage to them

j) While disposing debris/waste material, the contractor should take into account the

wind direction and location of settlements to ensure that any dust problems are

avoided; and

k) Adequate arrangements should be made to ensure that debris/waste material is

disposed of to the nearest designated dumping site - reports on this activity should

be provided regularly by NGOs/Village Society Heads.

5.10. Rehabilitation Plan for Quarry/Borrow Pits

The following are important:

The objective of the rehabilitation programme should be to make the quarry/borrow pit

sites safe and secure areas. Securing borrow pits/quarry sites in a stable condition should

be a fundamental requirement of the rehabilitation process. This can be achieved by filling

the quarry/borrow pit floor to approximately the access road level;

From the outset there should be a restoration plan, which should influence all day-to-day

quarrying activities; and

Land-use planning considerations should be taken into account when defining devising

and finalising restoration works and these should take into account the need to preserve

the environment and, if possible, to generate income for local communities.

Other criteria which should be followed when rehabilitating quarry/borrow pits are -

a) Quarries and borrow pits should be used to dispose of rejected construction waste

and covered with a vegetation. If this is not possible, the excavated slopes should be smoothed and depressions filled in such a way that they look, more or less, like

an original ground surface;

b) During the execution of works, the Contractor should ensure: the preservation of trees and stock-piling of materials; the spreading of stripped material to facilitate

water percolation and to allow natural vegetation growth; the reestablishment of

previous natural drainage flows; the improvement of site appearance; the digging of ditches to collect runoff; and the maintenance of roadways. Once works are

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complete, the contractor should restore the environment around the work site to its

original state.

c) Immediate surroundings of quarry or borrow pits should be developed as a low

maintenance reserve, with significant areas of native trees and shrubs and areas

of longer grass forming open spaces.

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6. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES

As per ADB SPS 2009 alternatives to the project’s location, design, technology, and components and their potential environmental and social impacts need to be analyzed.

Without the subproject:

In the absence of the proposed subproject, the road will continue to have frequent traffic

congestions, reduced flow of traffic (commercial as well as domestic), regular

maintenance costs on existing roads and inadequate access to ports and other key towns

and commercial centers in the state.

With the subproject:

This project road widening and upgrading will improve connectivity between nodes to

Kakinada port which is the VCIC gateway.

The implementation of various project items will have the following direct benefits:

1. Improved quality of life for the rural population in the project influence area (10 Km radial distance from the subproject road): this as a result of better access to markets,

health, education and other facilities; and

2. The derived stimulus for local economic activity; and

3. A more efficient and safe road transport system through reduced travel times,

reduced road accidents, reduced vehicle operating and maintenance costs and reduced

transportation costs for goods

Location and design alternatives

In general, the horizontal alignment of the project road follows that of the centerline of the

existing road.. The land use is mixed with habitations at few settlements, Industrial and

agriculture in rural area. Most of the project road is covered by roadside vegetation.

The improvement work includes widening of the existing carriageway to 2 lane

configuration. The benefits of the widened road will be improved road safety, lower vehicle

operating costs and decreased journey times.

The initial proposed road was re-aligned with sections of road to be widened on both

sides to minimize the impact on people, structure and places of worship.

In a number of locations, the road design has taken into account the location of the trees

along the road edge. At some locations along the project road, vegetation including

trees, obscure visibility. Where the design team considers this to be unsafe, trees will have to be removed. Where visibility is not an issue, trees may still have to be removed

to accommodate road widening. However, as many trees as possible are being retained

by a measured design.

Technological alternatives

There is no practical alternative to the proposed widening of the existing road to

improve existing conditions. A cement concrete paved road structure would provide a construction alternative but the issues surrounding this construction would be similar, if

not greater, than the proposed asphalt concrete road widening.

Therefore it is concluded that in order to get maximum economic and social benefit from the existing highway road, widening and upgradation needs to be completed. This will not

only have regional and national benefits but will impact positively on the local residents

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living along the project road. Without the project, it is anticipated that the benefits of the

existing road and increased activity will not be fully realized.

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7. CONSULTATION, INFORMATION DISCLOSURE AND GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM

7.1. Public Consultation and Information Disclosure

Meaningful consultations are to be carried out during detailed design and IEE preparation.

All the five principles of information dissemination, information solicitation, integration, coordination, and engagement into dialogue were incorporated in the consultation

process. A framework of mitigating different environmental impacts likely from the project

was strengthened and modified based on opinions of all those consulted, especially at the micro level by setting up a dialogue with the village people from whom information on site

facts and prevailing conditions were collected. This will be continued during the

implementation of the project through grievance redress mechanism.

7.2. Objectives of the Public Consultations

Public consultations were held to allow the incorporation of relevant views of the

stakeholders in the final project design, mitigation measures, implementation issues, and enhance the distribution of benefits. Stakeholder’s consultations were held with intent to

understand their concerns, apprehensions, overall opinion and solicit recommendations to

improve project design and implementation. Informal meetings, interviews were organized covering the entire project design stage. Consultations provide affected public a platform

to ensure incorporation of their concerns in the decision making process and foster co-

operation among officers of APRDC, the community and the stakeholders to achieve a cordial working relationship for smooth implementation of the project. It inculcates the

sense of belongingness in the public about the project.

The discussions were designed to receive maximum inputs from the participants regarding their acceptability and environmental concerns arising out of the sub-project.

They were given the brief outline of the project to which their opinions was sought

particularly in identifying and mitigating any potential adverse impact.

7.3. Methodology

Consultation with the stakeholders, beneficiaries, and community leaders were carried out using standard structured questionnaires as well as unstructured questionnaires.

Questionnaire survey/discussions were designed to obtain background information and

details of general environmental issues that concern people in the project area. In addition, environmental issues were discussed with relevant organizations, government

officials, beneficiaries, community leaders and experts. In addition, personal discussions

with officials, on site discussion with affected stakeholders, and reconnaissance visits

have also been made to the project area.

7.4. Project Stakeholders

All types of stakeholders were identified to ensure as wide coverage as possible like

Residents, shopkeepers and business people who live and work along the road specially

the project affected persons, road users/commuters, executing agency, government institutions whose remit includes areas or issues affected by the project (state

environment and forest department, Pollution Control Board (PCB)), Irrigation

Department, Public Health Engineering Department (PHED) and most importantly the

beneficiary community in general.

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7.5. Consultations with Local People/Beneficiaries

The consultations with the affected people have been carried out and details are attached

in Appendix No.6. The summary of consultations is tabulated below:-

Section of the Participants during the

Consultations at Papireddy Kandriga Village

Section of the Participants during the

Consultations at KothapetaVillage

Table 7-1 Summary of Consultation Outcome

Concerns and Issues Mitigation measures proposed / Reason for not

being able to address the concern

Meeting in Kothapeta Village on 15.17.2018

A number of houses will be dismantled due to

construction of the road.

Proper resettlement site will be developed

Fare compensation on the basis of impact

assessment of houses (on market rate). Facilities

of issue of free House site Pattas and

Construction of Houses for the affected houses

to be given.

Will be provided

Impact on irrigation system and units such as

hand pump, bore- well, well and water pathway

As far as possible will be avoided, else will be

replaced.

Fare compensation for land (on market rate) and

residual land to the affected household

Will be provided as per the provisions of the New Act

and Rules of the State

Impact on shop and commercial structure in

government land

Will be provided assistance to restore income levels

Risk of accident of children and animal due to

widening of the road

Sign boards warning vehicles in built up sections,

school zones and pedestrian crossing places will be

provided. Road safety awareness will be undertaken.

Impact on rural water and drain system due to

construction work.

Will not affect, only after utility shifting the civil work will

start

Impact on religious structures and

compensation

Impact will be assessed, structures valuated and

compensation will be provided at replacement cost for

rebuilding at a suitable place

Provision for irrigation water flow from one side

to the other

Any such existing facilities will be maintained

Participation of local leaders or public

representative in compensation

The compensation will be determined as per the new

Land Acquisition Act and the Joint Collector will be the

competent authority

Payment of compensation amount before

starting the construction work

Yes, all compensation will be paid before land

acquisition and relocation.

Creation of employment for local people during

the construction of the road.

Provision has been made in the contract to engage

local labourers

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Concerns and Issues Mitigation measures proposed / Reason for not

being able to address the concern

Meeting in Sitaramapuram Village on 15.07.2018

Loss of houses due to the new formation of the

road

Impacts have been minimised by using the available

RoW fully, Further, compensation and all rehabilitation

and resettlement assistance will be provided to all

affected

Problem of livelihood Loss of private land and

crops

While determining compensation for land, these

factors will be taken into account

Possibility of accident due to increased speed Safety measures proposed such as sign boards etc.

Further, road safety awareness programme will also

be conducted

Many trees will be lost Compensatory afforestation has been proposed

Timeline of the civil work starting and ending All details will be shared before implementation

Meeting in Papireddy Kandriga Village on 14.07.2018

Loss of houses due to the new formation of the

road

Impacts have been minimised by using the available

RoW fully, Further, compensation and all rehabilitation

and resettlement assistance will be provided to all

affected

Problem of livelihood Loss of private land and

crops

While determining compensation for land, these

factors will be taken into account

Possibility of accident due to increased speed Safety measures proposed such as sign boards etc.

Further, road safety awareness programme will also

be conducted

Timeline of the civil work starting and ending All details will be shared before implementation

7.6. Disclosure of information

Information is disclosed through public consultation and making relevant documents

available in public locations. The following documents will be submitted to ADB for

disclosure on its website:

(i) Final IEE;

(ii) a new or updated IEE and corrective action plan prepared during project implementation, if any; and

(iii) Environmental monitoring reports.

VCICDP PMU will send written endorsement to ADB for disclosing these documents on

ADB’s website. VCICDP PMU will also provide relevant safeguards information in a timely

manner, in an accessible place and in a form and languages understandable to affected people and other stakeholders. For illiterate people, other suitable communication

methods will be used.

7.7. Grievance Redress Mechanism

Project grievance redress mechanism will be established to evaluate, and facilitate the

resolution of APs’ concerns, complaints, and grievances related to social and environmental issues of the project. The GRM will aim to provide a time-bound and

transparent mechanism to voice and resolve social and environmental concerns linked to

the project.

A common GRM will be in place for social, environmental, or any other grievances related

to the project. Every grievance shall be registered and careful documentation of process

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with regard to each grievance undertaken, as explained below. The APIIC environmental

and social safeguards officers will have the overall responsibility for timely grievance redress on environmental and social safeguards issues, including keeping and

maintaining the complaint and redress records. Public awareness campaign will be

conducted to ensure that awareness on the project and its grievance redress procedures

is generated.

Affected persons will have the flexibility of conveying grievances/suggestions by sending

grievance redress/suggestion in writing, through telephone call to APIIC safeguards officer or by filling forms for complaints/suggestion by email in the VCICDP Project site to

be installed under the APIIC websites. Careful documentation of the name of the

complainant, date of receipt of the complaint, address/contact details of the person, location of the problem area, and how the problem was resolved will be undertaken. The

APIIC’s safeguard officers will have the overall responsibility for timely grievance redressal on environmental and social safeguards issues and for registration of

grievances, related disclosure, and communication with the aggrieved party.

Grievance Redressal Committee

Grievance Redressal Committee (GRC) will be established at two-levels, one at APIIC level and another at PMU level, to receive, evaluate and facilitate the resolution of

displaced persons concerns, complaints and grievances. The GRC will provide an

opportunity to the APs to have their grievances redressed prior to approaching the jurisdictional sub court. The GRC is aimed to provide a trusted way to voice and resolve

concerns linked to the project, and to be an effective way to address affected person’s concerns without allowing it to escalate resulting in delays in project implementation.

The GRC will aim to provide a time-bound and transparent mechanism to voice and

resolve social and environmental concerns linked to the project. The GRC is not intended

to bypass the government’s inbuilt redressal process, nor the provisions of the statute, but rather it is intended to address displaced persons concerns and complaints promptly,

making it readily accessible to all segments of the displaced persons and is scaled to the

risks and impacts of the project.

The APIIC level GRCs will function out of each District where the subproject is being

implemented. The GRC will be Chaired by Joint Collector and comprising of the Divisional

Engineer acting as its member secretary and the following members: (i) RDO/Sub Collector of the division; (ii) Project Director, DRDA; (iii) Chief Executive Officer, Zilla

Parishad; (iv) District Panchayat Officer; (v) District Education Officer; (vi) District Medical

and Health Officer; (vii) District Level representative of DISCOM; and (viii)

Superintendent, RWS Panchayat Raj Department.

The Project Director, PMU will be the appellate authority who will be supported by the

PMSC and Safeguard Officer of PMU, and APIIC to make final decisions on the

unresolved issues.

Grievance redresses process

In case of grievances that are immediate and urgent in the perception of the complainant, the contractor and PMSC on-site personnel will provide the most easily accessible or first

level of contact for quick resolution of grievances. Contact phone numbers and names of

the concerned APIIC safeguard officers and contractors will be posted at all construction

sites at visible locations.

The APIIC safeguard officers will be responsible to see through the process of redressal

of each grievance.

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(i) 1st Level Grievance: The phone number of the APIIC office should be made available

at the construction site signboards. The contractors engineer and APIIC safeguard officers can immediately resolve on-site in consultation with each other, and will be

required to do so within 7 days of receipt of a complaint/grievance.

(ii) 2nd Level Grievance: All grievances that cannot be redressed within 7 days at field/ward level will be reviewed by the APIIC level grievance redress committee (GRC)

with support from APIIC safeguard officers and PMSC environment and resettlement

specialists. APIIC level GRC will attempt to resolve them within 15 days.

(iii) 3rd Level Grievance: The APIIC safeguards officers will refer any unresolved or major

issues to the PMU/State-level GRC, who in consultation with APIIC will resolve them

within 15 days.

Despite the project GRM, an aggrieved person shall have access to the country's legal

system at any stage, and accessing the country's legal system can run parallel to

accessing the GRM and is not dependent on the negative outcome of the GRM.

In the event that the established GRM is not in a position to resolve the issue, the affected

person also can use the ADB Accountability Mechanism through directly contacting (in

writing) the Complaint Receiving Officer (CRO) at ADB headquarters or the ADB India Resident Mission (INRM). The complaint can be submitted in any of the official languages

of ADB’s developing member countries.

The ADB Accountability Mechanism information will be included in the project-relevant

information to be distributed to the affected communities, as part of the project GRM.

A detailed GRM GO is attached as annexure 16.

Record keeping

Records of all grievances received, including contact details of complainant, date the

complaint was received, nature of grievance, agreed corrective actions and the date these

were affected and final outcome will be kept by PMU. The number of grievances recorded and resolved and the outcomes will be displayed/disclosed in the PMU office, and on the

web, as well as reported in the semi-annual social and environmental monitoring

reports to be submitted to ADB.

Periodic review and documentation of lessons learned. The PMU, and APIIC supported

by the PMSC specialist will periodically review the functioning of the GRM and

record information on the effectiveness of the mechanism, especially on the APIIC’s ability to prevent and address grievances.

Costs

All costs involved in resolving the complaints (meetings, consultations, communication and reporting/information dissemination) will be borne by APIIC; while costs related to

escalated grievances will be met by the PMU. Cost estimates for grievance redress are

included in resettlement cost estimates. The grievance redress process is shown in Fig.

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Figure 7-1- Grievance Redressal Process

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8. INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS AND RESPONSIBILITIES

8.1. Introduction

DOI will be the executing agency. A PMU will be established within the Directorate of Industries, which is under the DOI, for planning, implementation, monitoring and

supervision, and co-ordination with APRDC.

APRDC will be responsible for implementing the IEE/EMP requirements. PMU will recruit

PMSC to provide support in implementation of VCICDP.

PMU will support APRDC in implementation, management and monitoring of the project.

PMU and APRDC will be assisted by PMSC respectively.

APRDCs will appoint construction contractors to build infrastructure. Once the

infrastructure is built and commissioned, the APRDC will operate and maintain the

infrastructure.

At state-level a Project Steering Committee (PSC) will be established to provide overall

policy direction for the implementation of VCICDP.

VCICDP Subproject Implementation Arrangements

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8.2. Safeguard Implementation Arrangement

Project Management Unit: The PMU structure is as provided in the Table 19 below.

PMU will be supported by PSMC. PMU will appoint a safeguards coordinator as a part of

the PMSC team to collect information and progress on environmental and social

safeguards compliance.

Table 8-1: Tentative PMU Structure

Position Tasks

Project Director Overall Project Management

Project Director (Department of Industries) Management of land-related issues

Procurement Officer Procurement of consultants, civil works, goods, and NGOs, etc.

PMSC (Senior Engineer) Technical officer with engineering background and preferably experience of multilateral projects

Institutional Coordination and Policy Reforms officer

Policy and Institutional support

Investment Promotion Officer Coordination of VCICDP promotion, marketing

Monitoring and Evaluation Officer Monitoring project results

PMSC (Environmental Safeguards Officer) Environmental safeguards compliance

PMSC (Social Safeguards and Gender Officer) Resettlement compliance, social, gender

Chief Accountant and Financial Management Officer

Project accounting, audit and reporting

Accountant Accounting

Position Tasks

Office Manager Office management

Key tasks and responsibilities of the PMU environmental safeguards officer are as

follows:

(i) confirm existing IEEs/EMPs are updated based on detailed designs and that new

IEEs/EMPs are prepared in accordance with the EARF and subproject selection criteria

related to safeguards;

(ii) confirm whether IEEs/EMPs are included in bidding documents and civil works

contracts;

(iii) provide oversight on environmental management aspects of subprojects;

(iv) ensure SEMPs prepared by contractors are cleared by APRDCs prior to

commencement of civil works;

(v) establish a system to monitor environmental safeguards of the project including

monitoring the indicators set out in the monitoring plan of the SEMPs;

(vi) facilitate and confirm overall compliance with all Government rules and

regulations regarding site and environmental clearances as well as any other environmental requirements (e.g., Location Clearance Certificates, Environmental

Clearance Certificates etc.), as relevant;

(vii) supervise and provide guidance to the APRDCs to properly carry out the

environmental monitoring and assessments as per the EARF;

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(viii) review, monitor and evaluate the effectiveness with which the SEMPs are

implemented, and recommend necessary corrective actions to be taken as

necessary;

(ix) consolidate monthly environmental monitoring reports from APRDCs and submit

semi-annual monitoring reports to ADB;

(x) ensure timely disclosure of final IEEs/SEMPs in locations and in a form and

language accessible to the public and local communities; and

(xi) address any grievances brought about through the Grievance Redress

Mechanism (GRM) in a timely manner.

Project Implementation Units

In APRDC Head Office, the safeguards specialists of APRDC currently working on a

World Bank Project will coordinate all environmental and social aspects of the projects.

Table 8-2: APRDC Environmental Safeguard Officer Tasks and Responsibilities

APRDC Environmental Safeguard Officer

Tasks and Responsibilities

Environmental Safeguards - APRDC

(i) include IEEs/EMPs in bidding documents and civil works contracts;

(ii) review and approve SEMPs prepared by contractors;

(iii) oversee day-to-day implementation of SEMPs by contractors including compliance with all government rules and regulations;

(iv) take necessary action for obtaining rights of way;

(v) oversee environmental monitoring by contractors;

(vi) take corrective actions when necessary;

(vii) submit monthly environmental monitoring reports to PMU;

(viii) conduct continuous public outreach and awareness building related to environmental management;

(ix) address grievances brought about through the GRM in a timely manner; and

(x) organize an induction course for the training of contractors

APRDC Environmental Safeguard Officer

Tasks and Responsibilities environmental management to be delivered by PMSC consultants

Project Management and Supervision Consultants

The PMU and APRDCs will be assisted by PMSC which will be staffed with environmental and social safeguard specialists to provide required assistance and regular progress

report on safeguards implementation. The environmental specialist will have overall

responsibility in implementation of environmental safeguards, including appropriate monitoring and reporting responsibilities. Key tasks and responsibilities of the PSMC

environmental specialist are as follows:

(i) Update the IEEs including site- and subproject-specific EMPs for the subproject;

(ii) Supervise EMP implementation;

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(iii) Prepare a monitoring report of final site- and subproject-specific EMPs and

communicate with the stakeholders, including ADB on the progress, of the subprojects

including environmental safeguards compliance;

(iv) Prepare semi-annual environmental safeguards compliance reports; and

(v) Support the implementing agencies in preparing periodic financing requests and

necessary environmental safeguard reports for subsequent tranches.

(vi) Establish a system to monitor environmental safeguards of the Project; prepare

indicators for monitoring important parameters of safeguards;

(vii) Ensure all requisite approvals and no objection certificates are in place to allow

implementation, and that these are renewed in a timely manner where required;

(viii) Ensure that provisions and conditions of all necessary permits, consents, NOCs, etc.,

are incorporated in the IEEs;

(ix) Take proactive action to anticipate the potential environmental impacts of the

Project to avoid delays in implementation;

(x) Assist APRDCs in the establishment of GRC for IEE implementation;

(xi) Support the APRDCs and PMU in the GRM implementation to address any

grievances submitted in a timely manner and establish record keeping system for

complaint and redressal status of the project;

(xii) Assist the APRDCs and PMU in the project GRM mechanism and complaint

solution;

(xiii) Assist the APRDCs and PMU for GRM record keeping for first tier complaint and

redressed actions;

(xiv) Ensure that the relevant environmental mitigation measures specified in the

updated EMP will be incorporated into bidding documents and approved by the ADB prior

to the issuance of the invitation for bidding;

(xv) Closely monitor and supervise to ensure that all mitigation measures and monitoring requirements set out in the EMP are implemented and complied with

throughout the project implementation, and when required, prepare or

recommend necessary corrective actions to be taken and monitor its implementation;

(xvi) Provide on-the-job training programs to APRDC staff involved in Project implementation for strengthening their capacity in managing and monitoring environmental safeguards; and

(xvii) Assist the APRDCs’ safeguards officer to sensitize the turnkey contractors on ADB SPS, EARF, and GRM during detailed design and civil works implementation.

Civil works Contracts and Contractors

EMPs are to be included in bidding and contract documents and verified by the

APRDCs and PMU. The contractor will be required to designate an Environment, Health and Safety (EHS) supervisor to ensure implementation of EMP during civil

works. Contractors are to carry out all environmental mitigation and monitoring measures

outlined in their contract.

The PMU and APRDCs will ensure that bidding and contract documents include specific

provisions requiring contractors to comply with: (i) all applicable labor laws and core labor

standards on (a) prohibition of child labor as defined in national legislation for construction

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and maintenance activities; (b) equal pay for equal work of equal value regardless

of gender, ethnicity, or caste; and (c) elimination of forced labor; and with (ii) the requirement to disseminate information on sexually transmitted diseases, including

HIV/AIDS, to employees and local communities surrounding the project sites.

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9. INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY AND DEVELOPMENT

The PMSC environmental safeguards specialist will be responsible for training PMU and

APRDCs on environmental awareness and management in accordance with both ADB

and government requirements.

Typical modules would be as follows:

(i) sensitization;

(ii) introduction to environment and environmental considerations in water supply and

wastewater projects;

(iii) review of IEEs and integration into the project detailed design;

(iv) improved coordination within nodal departments; and

(v) monitoring and reporting system.

Specific modules customized for the available skill set will be devised after assessing

the capabilities of the target participants and the requirements of the project.

The contractors will be required to conduct environmental awareness and orientation of

workers prior to deployment to work sites. The proposed training project, along with the

frequency of sessions, is presented in table.

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Table 9-1 Training Program for Environmental Management

S.No Description Contents Schedule Participants

A Pre-Construction stage

1 Orientation workshop

Module 1 – Orientation 1/2 day (at Vijayawada) (50 persons)

PMU, and APRDCs officials involved in project implementation

ADB Safeguard Policy Statement

Government of India Environmental Laws and Regulations

Module 2 – Environmental Assessment Process

1/2 day (at Vijayawada) (50 persons)

PMU, and APRDCs officials involved in project implementation.

ADB environmental process, identification of impacts and mitigation measures, formulation of an environmental management plan (EMP), implementation, and monitoring requirements

Review of Environmental assessment report to comply with ADB requirements

Incorporation of EMP into the project design and contracts

B Construction stage

2 Orientation program/ workshop for contractors and supervisory staff

Roles and responsibilities of officials/contractors/consultants towards protection of environment - Environmental issues during construction

1 day (at Subproject locations) (15 persons)

PMU APRDCs Contractors Implementation of EMP

Monitoring of EMP implementation

Reporting requirements

3 Experiences and best practices sharing

Experiences on EMP implementation – issues and challenges, Best practices followed

1 day on a regular period to be determined by PMU, APRDCs, and PMSC (at Vijayawada) (50 persons)

PMU APRDCs Contractors

ADB = Asian Development Bank; EMP = Environmental Management Plan; APRDC = Project Implementation Unit; PMU = Project Management Unit; PMSC = Design and Supervision Consultant; APRDC = Andhra Pradesh Road Development Corporation; APIIC = Andhra Pradesh Industrial & Infrastructure Corporation; AP Transco=Andhra Pradesh Transmission Corporation

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10. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT & MONITORING PLAN

10.1. Environment Management Plan

Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is intended to set out clearly and unambiguously the likely negative impacts of construction and/or operation of the project,

the action that is required to avoid or mitigate each impact and the responsibility for taking

each action. Responsibility is made legally binding when actions are subsequently specified in contracts. The EMP also ensures that the positive impacts are conserved and

enhanced. It addition, it provides measures for institutional strengthening and

effectiveness assessment through defined monitoring plan, reporting and corrective &

preventive action planning. More specifically the objectives of the EMP are:

(i) To ensure compliance with Asian Development Bank’s applicable safeguard

policies, and regulatory requirements of Andhra Pradesh and the Government of India;

(ii) To formulate avoidance, mitigation and compensation measures for anticipated

adverse environmental impacts during construction and maintenance and ensure that

environmentally sound, sustainable and good practices are adopted;

(iii) To stipulate monitoring and institutional requirements for ensuring safeguard

compliance; and

(iv) The project road should be environmentally sustainable.

10.2. Environment Monitoring Program

The monitoring and evaluation are critical activities in implementation of the Project.

Monitoring involves periodic checking to ascertain whether activities are going according to plan or not. It provides the necessary feedback for project management to ensure project objectives are met and on schedule.

The reporting system is based on accountability to ensure that the environmental mitigation measures are implemented.

Environmental monitoring program has the underlying objective to ensure that the intended environmental mitigations are realized and these results in desired benefits to the target population causing minimal deterioration to the environmental parameters. Such program targets proper implementation of the EMP.

The broad objectives are:

1. To evaluate the performance of mitigation measures proposed in the EMP.

2. To evaluate the adequacy of environmental assessment.

3. To suggest ongoing improvements in management plan based on the monitoring and to devise fresh monitoring on the basis of the improved EMP.

4. To enhance environmental quality through proper implementation of suggested mitigation measures.

5. To meet the requirements of the existing environmental regulatory framework and community obligations.

10.3. Performance Indicators

The significant physical, biological and social components affecting the environment at

critical locations serve as wider/overall Performance Indicators. However, the following specific environmental parameters can be quantitatively measured and compared over a

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period of time and are, therefore, selected as specific Performance Indicators (PIs) for

monitoring because of their regulatory importance and the availability of standardized procedures and relevant expertise. This includes parameters to be measured, methods to

be used, sampling locations, frequency of measurements, detection limits, cost

and responsibility for implementation and supervision. Performance indicators requiring

quantitative measurements are:

Air Quality with respect to PM2.5, PM10, CO, NOx and SO2 at selected location. Water

Quality with reference to DO, BOD, Oil and grease, COD, Suspended Solids and Turbidity, Alkalinity rivers/streams and water bodies at selected points. Noise levels at sensitive

receptors (schools, hospitals, community/religious places). Survival rates of trees planted as

compensatory plantation to compensate for removal of roadside trees.

Ambient Air Quality (AAQ) Monitoring: Ambient air quality parameters recommended

for monitoring road development projects are PM2.5, PM10, Carbon Monoxide (CO), Oxides

of Nitrogen (NOx) and Sulphur Dioxide (SO2). These are to be monitored, right from the commencement of construction activity at selected locations of plants and machinery,

crushers on sites, excavation works etc. Data should be generated once in a season

excluding monsoon in accordance with the National Ambient Air Quality Standards as

per CPCB recent notification of 2009.

Water Quality Monitoring: The physical and chemical parameters recommended for

analysis of water quality relevant to road development projects are pH, total solids, total dissolved solids, total suspended solids, oil and grease, COD, Chloride,

Lead, Zinc and Cadmium. The location, duration and the pollution parameters to be

monitored and the responsible institutional arrangements are given in the Environmental Monitoring Plan. The monitoring of the water quality is to be carried out at locations

identified along the project road during construction and operation phase. Surface water

quality will be monitored as per fresh water classification of CPCB

Noise Level Monitoring: The measurements for monitoring noise levels would be

carried out at sensitive receptors and construction sites along the project roads. The

Ambient Noise Standards formulated by Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) in 1989 or the standards by State Pollution Control Board if such standards are stringent

than those of the CPCB are to be complied.. Sound pressure levels would be monitored

on twenty-four hour basis. Noise should be recorded at “A” weighted frequency using a

“slow time response mode” of the measuring instrument.

Success of Re-vegetation: compensatory plantation will be taken up in lieu of tree

cutting@1:2 basis. These compensatory plantations will have to be monitored by the implementing agency with the help of the Forest Department. Such monitoring will be

conducted through random samples. Such sampling should cover at least 5% of the area

planted up. 75% survival rate shall be ensured.

10.4. Generic Guidelines for Implementing EMP

A set of generic guidelines have been formulated to avoid potential impacts due to construction and its allied activities. Quarry and Borrow area Management has been

excluded since no new borrow areas or quarries are likely to be opened and quarrying is

not involved. Quarry materials will be obtained from licensed quarries. Earth material

obtained from excavation will be used for road construction.

The management and monitoring mechanism required to ensure that the project

implementation is carried out in accordance with the due regards to environment. These includes major environmental issues and associated impacts, suggested mitigation

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measures, implementation and supervising responsibilities, a monitoring plan and

institutional assessment and training requirements for successful implementation of the

mitigation measures.

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Table 10-1 Environmental Impact and Mitigation Matrix for Project Road

(Note: A Generic Impact and Mitigation Matrix Applicable to all Road Projects is Provided for Various Stages of Project. Site Specific Impacts and Mitigation Measures at Construction Stage are Addressed Separately for Proposed Road Section i.e., (Thimmajikhandrika to Pandluru

Road section)

Project Stage/Activity Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Location Responsibility during

Implementation

Responsibility

during Monitoring

1. General Matrix applicable to all road sections

1.1 Preliminary Planning and Design Stage

1.1.1 Widening options

of project road

Location on agricultural land, dense

forests, wildlife habitat, unstable sites and

religious/cultural sites.

Change in widening option determined

during the detailed design stage changing

the scope or scale of environmental

impacts predicted in the IEE.

Widening on other side of agricultural

land, dense forests, wildlife habitat and

unstable sites. Widening should avoid

religious/cultural sites.

Additional environment studies for new

alignments (if required).

Entire project

length

APRDC/Supervision

Consultant

APRDC/APIIC

1.1.2 Location of

construction camps and

Contractor facilities

Location in appropriate locations such as

close to the local communities, community

drinking water source etc.

Construction camps should be located

at least 500m away from community

areas and away from water resources,

and at least 1 km away from reserve /

protected forest stretches.

Village Forest Management

Committees should be consulted

before locating temporary project

facilities.

Project

construction sites

APRDC/Supervision

Consultant

APRDC/APIIC

1.1.3 Location of quarry

sites

Location in un approved areas, forest

areas etc.

Only government approved quarry sites

should be planned for project use.

Quarries should not be located in the

locations of reserve / protected forest

stretches.

Environmentally

and technically

suitable sites

near the project

road

APRDC/Supervision

Consultant

APRDC/APIIC/Depa

rtment of

Geology &

Mines

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Project Stage/Activity Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Location Responsibility during

Implementation

Responsibility

during Monitoring

1.1.4 Location of borrow

pits

Location in unstable areas or close to

village

Location in environmentally sound

areas and away from villages

Borrow areas should not be located in

the locations of reserve / protected

forest stretches.

Environmentally

and technically

suitable sites and

near the project

road

APRDC/Supervision

Consultant

APRDC

1.1.5 Obtainment of

appropriate

NOC/permits

Delays in processing permits causing

further delay in initiation of project

construction

Processing of NOC/permits on a timely

basis.

APRDC/Supervision

Consultant

APRDC

1.1.6 Preparation of

project detailed design

and contract bidding

documents

Exclusion of environmental management

and mitigation measures hence lack of

EFRC during construction

Incorporation of all mitigation measures

into the project detailed design and

contract bidding documents

APRDC/Design

Consultant

APRDC

1.1.7 Removal of

encroachment

/structures along the

road.

Loss of livelihood and structures. Compensation against loss of

structures and should be rehabilitated

as per the provisions of resettlement

plan.

locations where

resettlement

required

APRDC/ Supervision

Consultant

APRDC

1.1.8 partial filling of

Pond at location near

Thimmajai khandriga

The partial filling of pond will reduce the

capacity and volume of water in the pond.

This has potential impact on hydraulic

equilibrium of pond water and ground

water level. Second it may not have

sufficient volume of water to fulfil the

needs of community as this pond is being

used for cattle.

The volume of pond will be increased

by deepening of pond and providing silt

fencing to prevent soil erosion.

location near

Thimmajai

khandriga

Conractor APRDC

1.2 Construction Stage

1.2.1 Removal of

vegetation and felling of

Change in micro level habitat/environment.

Soil erosion. Scarring of landscape.

Removal of only necessary vegetation.

Re-vegetation immediately after earth

Area of the ROW

mainly forests

Contractor/

Forest Department

APRDC/APIIC

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Project Stage/Activity Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Location Responsibility during

Implementation

Responsibility

during Monitoring

about 383 trees removal activities.

Compensatory afforestation in the

available land @ 1:2 ratio in

consultation with State Forest

Department

area

1.2.2 Quarrying Landslides (rockslides/falls), scarring of

landscape

Use of environmental friendly

techniques of quarrying.

Quarry sites Contractor APRDC/APIIC

1.2.3 Crushing of stone

and transport of stone

and materials.

Dust pollution for construction labourers

and local vegetation. Air pollution from

machinery and vehicle exhaust. Noise

pollution and disturbance to nearby

wildlife.

Water sprinkling of stone crushing site.

Proper coverage of vehicle transporting

stone and material. Regular

maintenance of machinery and

vehicles. Conduction of stone crushing

and transportation activities only during

the day.

Stone crushers should be located away

from settlements and forest stretches.

Stone crushing

sites and road

construction

Contractor APRDC/APIIC

/Mining

department

1.2.4 Establishment of

construction camps.

Improper waste disposal. Loss of aesthetic

beauty. Health issues.

Provision of cooking gas. Provision of

proper waste disposal facilities as well

as health facilities.

Construction

camp sites

Contractor/ APRDC APRDC/APIIC

1.2.5 Operation of

machinery and

equipment and general

activities of labourers

Spillage/leakage of chemicals and oil and

contamination of soil and water resources.

Injury to labourers. Respiratory problems

from dust and machinery emissions.

Hearing problem due to high level of

noise. Traffic delays and congestion.

Proper storage and handling of

chemicals and oil. Provision of

adequate facilities such as construction

hats, facemasks, earplugs, gloves etc.

Provision of well-equipped First Aid Kit

and health facilities. Preparation of

traffic control plans, proper

maintenance of road surface to allow

smooth flow of traffic.

Construction site Contractor APRDC/APIIC

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Project Stage/Activity Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Location Responsibility during

Implementation

Responsibility

during Monitoring

1.2.6 Water supply for

construction activities

and labour camps

Disruption of water supply of local

communities

Independent arrangements be made

for requirements for construction work

in such a way that water availability

and supply to nearby communities

remains unaffected

Construction

camps and work

place

Contractor APRDC/APIIC

1.2.7 Unexpected

environmental

problems/calamities

(egg. flash floods)

during construction

activities

Destruction of constructed road and road

furniture, injuries, loss of lives and

property.

Undertake appropriate remedial actions

in coordination with relevant

government and local agencies.

Construction

camps and sites

Contractor/ APRDC APRDC/APIIC

1.2.8 Implementation of

EMP during

construction.

Inadequacy of environmental management

measures or deviation from the EMP

measures mentioned in the contract

documents.

Strictly following and implement the

EMP measures mentioned in the

contract documents and maintaining

proper documentation of measures

taken.

Construction

camps and sites

Contractor APRDC, ADB

1.2.9 Earth removal

from borrow areas

Scarring of landscape due to improper

disposal of debris.

Soil erosion.

Disruption of local drainage.

Siltation in nearby water bodies and hence

negative effects on aquatic ecology.

Disposal of debris at proper disposal

site.

Proper re-vegetation of borrow areas.

Provision of appropriate drainage

structures/facilities.

Borrow area,

water bodies.

Contractor APRDC/APIIC

1.2.10 Removal of

vegetation and

uprooting of trees

(about 383)

Change in micro level habitat/environment.

Soil erosion. Scarring of landscape.

Removal of only necessary vegetation.

Re-vegetation of the space available

within RoW immediately after earth

removal activities.

Removal of trees should be

compensated with planting new trees

@ 1:2 ratios on available space along

Entire project

length with

vegetation.

Contractor/Forest

Department

APRDC/APIIC

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Project Stage/Activity Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Location Responsibility during

Implementation

Responsibility

during Monitoring

the road.

1.2.11 Construction of

culverts and bridges

Disruption of local stream course and

aquatic hydrology.

Construction during dry season.

Provision of appropriate drainage

facilities and stream diversion

structures.

Bridge/ culvert

location

Contractor/ APRDC APRDC/APIIC

1.2.12 Relocation of

cultural properties

Disturbance to religious sentiments of the

local communities

Religious structures should be left

undisturbed, shifting (if require) shall be

done in full cooperation with local

people.

Locations of

temples/ shrines

at km

Contractor/ APRDC/

Local community

leaders

APRDC/APIIC

1.2.13 Construction at

sensitive locations

Increased noise level during construction

and operation

Construction of suitable noise barriers

at these locations

Locations of

schools, religious

properties etc.,

Contractor/ APRDC APRDC/APIIC

1.2.14 Health and

Safety Issues

Impact om health and safety of workers

and community

Development of a transportation

management plan for road repairs that

includes measures to ensure work zone

safety for construction workers and the

traveling public;

Reduction of maximum vehicle speeds

in work zones;

Training of workers in safety issues

related to their activities

At Construction

site

Contractor APRDC

Use of millers and pavers with exhaust

ventilation systems and proper

maintenance of such systems to

maintain worker exposure to crystalline

silica (millers and grinders) and asphalt

fumes (pavers) below applicable

occupational exposure levels;

At Construction

site

Contractor APRDC

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Project Stage/Activity Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Location Responsibility during

Implementation

Responsibility

during Monitoring

Use of the correct asphalt product for

each specific application, and ensuring

application at the correct temperature

to reduce the fuming of bitumen during

normal handling

At Construction

site

Contractor APRDC

Maintenance of work vehicles and

machinery to minimize air emissions

At Construction

site

Contractor APRDC

1.3 Operation Stage

1.3.1 Movement of

vehicles

Air pollution from emissions. Noise and

vibrations causing disturbance to residents

and domestic animal Contamination of soil

and water resources due to poor drainage.

Pollution under Control certificate for all

vehicles and periodical noise

monitoring of equipment’s. Periodic

cleaning of drains.

Along the road Contractor/ APRDC APRDC/APIIC Local

Traffic Police

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Table 10-2 Environmental Monitoring Plan

Environmental

Features Aspect to be Monitored Time and Frequency of Monitoring Location Responsible party

A. Physical Environment

Air and Noise Level of PM10, PM2.5 and SO2 and

NOx

Noise levels on dB (A) scale

Before commencement of any construction

activities.

Thimmajikhandriga

and Pandluru

APRDC/APIIC

Once in every section while construction is on-

going.

Once after completion of construction activities.

Water Bodies

Concentration of sediments and

presence of construction debris.

Before starting of construction activities. All the major

surface water

bodies are dried

up.

APRDC/APIIC

During construction activities in the vicinity of each

water body.

Once after completion of construction activities.

pH, BOD, COD, DO, TDS, NO3 and

Coliform

Same as above.

Length of line drainage structures

constructed and strengthened.

During construction activities in the vicinity of each

water body.

Full length of

project road

APRDC/APIIC

Length of damaged or missing line

drains.

Before starting of construction activities. Full length of

project road

APRDC/APIIC

Once after completion of construction activities.

Total number, type and lengths of

cross drainage structures including

bridges constructed or strengthened

Before starting of construction activities. Full length of

project road

APRDC/APIIC

Once a year during construction activities

Once after completion of all construction activities.

Number of weak cross drainage

structures.

Before starting of construction activities. Full length of

project road

APRDC/APIIC

Once after completion of construction activities.

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Environmental

Features Aspect to be Monitored Time and Frequency of Monitoring Location Responsible party

Geology - Once a year after completion of construction

activities.

Entire project

length.

APRDC/APIIC, Do

M&G

B. Ecological Resources

Flora

Total number of trees Planted Before starting of construction activities. Entire project

section

APRDC/APIIC,

Forest Department Once after completion of construction.

Average tree density

Before starting of construction activities. Full length of

project road

APRDC/APIIC,

Forest Department During construction (once a year per section)

Once after completion of construction activities and

thereafter once every year for 5 to 10 years

depending on budget availability.

C. Social Environment

Health

Number of accidents amongst

construction workers.

During construction activities. All construction

sites along project

road

Contractor, local

health officials,

Number of accidents due to moving

traffic amongst local community

members

Before starting construction activities. All villages along

project road

Contractor, local

health officials, Once a year during construction activities.

Once every year after completion of construction

activities.

Travel time

Time taken to travel within each road

section

Before starting construction activities.

Full length of

project road

Contractor

After construction activities

96

Environmental

Features Aspect to be Monitored Time and Frequency of Monitoring Location Responsible party

Number and extent of travel delays During construction activities (throughout the year). Full length of

project road

APRDC/APIIC,

Contractor

D. Occupational Health and Safety

Physical Hazards Development of a transportation

management plan for road repairs

that includes measures to ensure

work zone safety for construction

workers and the traveling public;

Reduction of maximum vehicle

speeds in work zones;

Training of workers in safety issues

related to their activities

Regular during the Construction Stage At the

Construction site

Contractor

Chemical hazards

Use of millers and pavers with

exhaust ventilation systems and

proper maintenance of such systems

to maintain worker exposure to

crystalline silica (millers and grinders)

and asphalt fumes (pavers) below

applicable occupational exposure

levels;

Regular during the Construction Stage At the

Construction site

Contractor

Use of the correct asphalt product for

each specific application, and

ensuring application at the correct

temperature to reduce the fuming of

bitumen during normal handling

Regular during the Construction Stage At the

Construction site

Contractor

Maintenance of work vehicles and

machinery to minimize air emissions

Regular during the Construction Stage At the

Construction site

Contractor

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10.5. Environment Management Budget

Most of the measures have been addressed as part of good engineering practices, the costs for

which have been accounted for in the engineering/cost. All costs towards preconstruction

clearances/permission will be borne by executing agency. These costs are indicative.

The environmental budget for the various environmental management measures proposed

under the project is presented in Table 7.3.

Table 10-3 Estimated Environment Management Cost

S.No Activity Amount

in Rs To be included in

Budget under Remarks

1 Tree Cutting and Compensatory Afforestation activities

a) No of Trees affecting (383 Nos)

7,66,000 APRDC-under VCIC

project

No. Trees to be planted 766 Nos (1:2 basis) @1000/tree including maintenance for 5

Years by Contractor.

2 Studies and Monitoring activities

a) Monitoring (Air, Water, Noise, Soil)

2,27,000 BOQ of Civil Works

Cost

b) Institutional Arrangements and Capacity Building/GRC Implementation /Training

6,00,000 APRDC/APIIC under

VCIC Project

Total 15,93,000

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For Monitoring Activities:-

S.No Description of Items Unit Quantity Rate (INR) Amount (INR) Responsibility

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

1 Mitigation Measures

Oil, Grease & Sludge Separator No. 1.00 50,000.00 50,000.00 Contractor

Silt Fencing Rm 1.00 1,000.00 1,000.00 Contractor

Desilting / Deepening of pond near Thimmaji Khandriga location in compensation equal volume of pond being filled up (about 500 cubic meter)

No. - 1,50,000.00 - Contractor

2 Monitoring of Environmental Attributes during Construction Phase

Monitoring of Air Quality near Hot mix plants. No. of Samples 2.00 8,000.00 16,000.00 Contractor

Monitoring of Air Quality at Critical Locations No. of Samples 8.00 8,000.00 64,000.00 Contractor

Monitoring of Noise Level at Equipment Yards No. of Samples 8.00 3,000.00 24,000.00 Contractor

Monitoring of Noise Level at Critical Locations No. of Samples 8.00 3,000.00 24,000.00 Contractor

Monitoring of Water Quality No. of Samples 4.00 6,000.00 24,000.00 Contractor

Monitoring of Soil Quality No. of Samples 4.00 6,000.00 24,000.00 Contractor

Training – Environmental Awareness No of sessions 3 100,000 300,000

TOTAL 5,27,000

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11. MONITORING AND REPORTING AND IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE

11.1. Monitoring and Reporting

DOI will monitor and measure the progress of EMP implementation. The monitoring activities will correspond with the project’s risks and impacts. In addition to recording information on the work

and deviation of work components from original scope, PMU, APRDC, and PMSC will undertake

site inspections and document review to verify compliance with the EMP and progress toward the

final outcome.

APRDC / PMSC will submit monthly monitoring and implementation reports to PMU, who will take

follow-up actions, if necessary. DOI will submit semi-annual monitoring reports to ADB. The suggested monitoring report format, a construction site checklist is attached in appendices,

which is to be filled by the PMSC/APRDC supervising staff, and attached to monthly reports.

Subproject budgets will reflect the costs of monitoring and reporting requirements. For projects

likely to have significant adverse environmental impacts during operation, reporting will continue

at the minimum on an annual basis. Monitoring reports will be posted in a location accessible to

the public.

Compliance with loan covenants will be screened by the Department of Industries, Government of

Andhra Pradesh.

ADB will review project performance against the DOI, GoAP, commitments as agreed in the legal documents. The extent of ADB's monitoring and supervision activities will be commensurate with the project’s risks and impacts. Monitoring and supervising of social and environmental safeguards will be integrated into the project performance management system.

11.2. Implementation Schedule

S.No Description Indicative Time Frame

1 Project implementation

a Detailed Design and Bidding Documents Month of September 2018

b Procurement December 2018

c Construction March 2019

d Defects Liability Period One year after completion

2 Environmental management

a Design Review and Technical Audit Consultant of Environmental Specialist

Starting (4 years of intermittent inputs)

b Project management office’s (PMU) submission of Environmental monitoring report (EMR)

In the month of July and January every year

c Monthly EMR for Project's Monthly Progress Report 8th day after effective month

d Semi-Annual EMR during construction for submission to ADB

8th day after effective 6-months

e Semi-Annual EMR for submission to ADB during O&M until ADB issues a Project Completion Report

8th day after effective year

g Finalization of environmental management plan (EMP), (if applicable) revision of initial environmental examination (IEE)

After disclosure of the draft IEE

100

S.No Description Indicative Time Frame

h ADB review and approval of revised IEE and EMP. After disclosure of the draft IEE

i Obtaining Government’s approval of IEE Report After disclosure of the draft IEE

j Community preparation (including disclosure of Final IEE and its EMP)

After disclosure of draft IEE

k Establishment of baseline data (as set out in the EMP)

(shall have been done before award of contract)

l Preparation of site-specific environmental management plan (SEMP) by selected Contractor, review of SEMP

before start of works on site

m Against Safeguard Policy Statement (SPS)-compliant EMP.

or establishment of construction- related facilities.

3 Construction

a Mobilization to Demobilization

b Implementation of mitigation measures and conduct of environmental effects monitoring following the SEMP.

After award of the contract

c Submission of EMR Every month

d Monthly, by Contractor 5th day of the month following the effective month

e Quarterly, by Contractor or by Licensed Laboratory 3rd day of the month following the effective quarter

4 Operation (potentially could start even before DLP is over)

a Implementation of mitigation measures and monitoring activities as Specified in the EMP

Starting Q/Q Y

b Submission of EMR Starting Q/Q Y

c Monthly, by Operator 5thday of the month following the effective month

d Quarterly, by Operator or (if applicable) by Licensed Laboratory

3rd day of the month following the effective quarter

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12. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

CONCLUSIONS

On the basis of

(i) Information available,

(ii) Field visits over the entire length of the project road,

(iii) Discussions with the Project authorities;

RECOMMENDATIONS

Contracts for construction and the Bills of Quantities should incorporate the requirements for all the earlier-referred to environmentally-recommended working practices and for the consultant’s suggested measures designed to mitigate long-term post construction adverse impacts.

The following are deemed to be the most important initial recommendations designed to make

the project environmentally sound and sustainable.

• The Contractors should comply with all environmental mitigation measures specified in this IEE report.

• First priority should be to reuse excess material/debris generated during construction works.

• Discarded materials that cannot be used in construction and fill should, if suitable, be used for bio-engineering measures.

• All other excess material should be disposed of in locations or landfills that will not promote instability and result in destruction of property, vegetation, irrigation and drinking water supply systems.

• Extreme care should be taken to avoid disposal near water-bodies or in areas that will inconvenience or deprive local residents of their livelihood.

• The Contractors should consult with the Engineer-in-Charge before locating project offices, sheds and construction plants.

• Camps should not be located near settlements (or) irrigation ponds, nor to negatively impact local residents’ access to drinking water.

• Camps should be operated within a self-sufficient infrastructure and no trees should be cut for wood fuel.

• The implementation unit should ensure that the contractors identify environmentally safe locations for setting construction camps and other plants, machinery, vehicles and equipment, as well as locations for storage and disposal of wastes, both from the construction camps and from the sites.

• Environmental and Social Management Cell of implementation unit should have capacity to address environmental and social measures related to implementation of proposed project.

102

• The implementation unit should ensure that the regulatory permissions required for the construction equipment, vehicles and machinery have been obtained by the Contractors and are valid at all times during the execution of the project.

• The implementation unit should ensure that pollution control equipment is installed on all equipment and functions properly by the Contractor.

• During haul operations, measures should be enforced to ensure environmental protection, namely regular sprinkling of water to suppress dust, use of spillage proof vehicles for hauling and regular maintenance of vehicles etc.

• Contractor should be required to maintain construction sites, keep them clean and provide appropriate facilities for the storage of all waste until it is disposed.

• Work forces should be provided with adequate water supply, septic tanks with soak pits, health care facilities and LPG to reduce their dependence on wood fuels.

• The Contractors should ensure that the safety of workers and other site users is not compromised during construction.

• Quarry area should be restricted along the road and close to the RoW. • Where possible, quarry area should be located away from population centres, streams,

drinking water intake, cultivable lands and natural drainage systems. • No bituminous material should be discharged into side drains. • Nearby trees, vegetation and private property should be protected during bitumen

emulsion spraying work. • Bitumen drums should be stored in designated locations and not scattered along the

road. • Borrow areas should not be established in ecologically sensitive areas. • Borrow areas should be located away from the road and settlements facing the road - so

as to minimise visual impacts. • Vehicles delivering loose and fine materials should be covered to reduce spills. • Particular care/attention should be given to adequate drainage. • For the construction zones within 500 metres of settlements, noisy operations should be

stopped between 22:00 to 06:00 hrs. • Care should be taken to avoid sacred and religious sites. Loss of trees should compensated by planting trees on available space in consultation with forest department.

For all works, the APRDC/APIIC will, however, have to obtain clearances (if any) from the Environmental Department and Pollution Control Board.

103

APPENDIX-1: RAPID ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT (REA) CHECKLIST

Instructions:

(i) The project team completes this checklist to support the environmental classification of a project. It is to be attached to the environmental categorization form and submitted to the Environment and Safeguards Division (RSES), for endorsement by Director, RSES and for approval by the Chief Compliance Officer.

(ii) This checklist focuses on environmental issues and concerns. To ensure that social dimensions are adequately considered, refer also to ADB's (a) checklists on involuntary resettlement and Indigenous Peoples; (b) poverty reduction handbook; (c) staff guide to consultation and participation; and (d) gender checklists.

(iii) Answer the questions assuming the “without mitigation” case. The purpose is to identify potential impacts. Use the “remarks” section to discuss any anticipated mitigation measures.

Project Title : Connectivity to Naidupeta Industrial Cluster

Country: INDIA

Sector:Road

Sub-Sector:

Division: APIIC

Department: APRDC

Screening Questions Yes No Remarks

A. Project Siting

Is the project area adjacent to or within any of the following environmentally sensitive areas?

Cultural heritage site √ No Protected Area √ No Wetland √

None of them is in the vicinity or within 10 km radius of the subproject.

Mangrove √ Estuarine √ Buffer zone of protected area √ Special area for protecting biodiversity √ B. Potential Environmental Impacts √

• encroachment on historical/cultural areas; disfiguration of landscape by road embankments, cuts, fills, and quarries?

√

Opening of new quarries is not proposed. Quarry m a t e r i a l w i l l b e sourced from existing quarries. Mitigation measures for quarry management are outlined in the IEE in case need for a new quarry arises in future.

104

Screening Questions Yes No Remarks

encroachment on precious ecology (e.g. sensitive or protected areas)? √

No national parks, wildlife sanctuaries or similar eco- sensitive areas along the subproject road. As per the forest department, no loss of any rare/threatened/endangered Species of flora is envisaged.

alteration of surface water hydrology of waterways crossed by roads, resulting in increased sediment in streams affected by increased soil erosion at construction site?

√

There are a few drains (locally known nallas) being crossed by the subproject road. However most of them are seasonal and the activities are not of large scale and confined to available ROW.

deterioration of surface water quality due to silt runoff and sanitary wastes from worker- based camps and chemicals used in construction?

√

Not anticipated. Workers camp will be small as most of the workers employed will be local. Contractor will be required to manage excavated soils and provide adequate sanitary facilities for the workers. The EMP ensures measures are included to mitigate the impacts.

increased local air pollution due to rock crushing, cutting and filling works, and chemicals from asphalt processing?

√

Anticipated during construction period. However, site-specific, low in magnitude and short in duration. The EMP ensures measures are included to mitigate the impacts.

risks and vulnerabilities related to occupational health and safety due to physical, chemical, biological, and radiological hazards during project construction and operation during project construction and operation?

√

Not anticipated. Workers may get exposed to dust and noise during construction activities. However the exposure levels are likely to be short and insignificant. Workers will be provided requisite PPEs to minimize such exposure and associated harmful occupational health effects. Traffic Safety measures will be adopted during operation phase.

105

Screening Questions Yes No Remarks

noise and vibration due to blasting and other civil works?

√

Not anticipated. Blasting will not be required as the Project is widening of existing road. Ambient noise level is expected to increase in the range of 80-90 db(a) due to various construction activities, maintenance workshops, and earthmoving equipment. Although this level of noise exceeds national standards, their occurrence will be intermittent and co-terminus with the project construction. All stationary noise making sources equipment like dg set, compressors will be installed with acoustic enclosures. Timings of noise construction activities will be regulated near sensitive receptors. Noise barriers have been proposed at sensitive locations very close to the alignment.

dislocation or involuntary resettlement of people?

√ Exact number of affected persons are mentioned in the subproject Resettlement Plan (RP)

dislocation and compulsory resettlement of people living in right-of-way?

√ Minimal. Details will be a v a i l a b l e i n t h e Subproject RP.

disproportionate impacts on the poor, women and children, Indigenous Peoples or other vulnerable groups?

√ Details available in the Subproject RP.

other social concerns relating to inconveniences in living conditions in the project areas that may trigger cases of upper respiratory problems and stress?

√

Not anticipated. Deterioration in ambient air quality will be Localized and temporarily during construction activity. The project area is largely located in open areas. Plantation along the highway and improved road conditions will improve the air quality of the area.

106

Screening Questions Yes No Remarks

hazardous driving conditions where construction interferes with pre-existing roads?

Anticipated. Suitable traffic management plan will be Designed and implemented by the contractor to prevent any hazardous driving condition in above situations.

poor sanitation and solid waste disposal in construction camps and work sites, and possible transmission of communicable diseases (such as STI's and HIV/AIDS) from workers to local populations?

√

Not anticipated. No such condition is anticipated as mostly local workforce will be employed and construction camps will be smaller, if any. Proper provisions for sanitation, health care and solid waste disposal facilities will be available in the contract documents to avoid such possibility. Workers will be made aware about communicable diseases. The EMP ensures measures are included to mitigate the impacts.

accident risks associated with increased vehicular traffic, leading to accidental spills of toxic materials?

√ Adequate safety measures will be adopted to avoid such conditions.

increased noise and air pollution resulting from traffic volume?

√

Increase in noise and air pollution is Expected during construction phase. Adequate mitigation measures will be adopted to minimize them. During operation phase, the main source of noise and air will be traffic. Improved road conditions, extensive plantation will help reduce the noise and air impact. Moreover, the alignment mostly passes through open land which will provide adequate dispersion of gaseous emission. if measures suggested for noise sensitive receptors prove inadequate, solid noise barrier will be placed.

increased risk of water pollution from oil, grease and fuel spills, and other materials from vehicles using the road?

√ Not anticipated. This is expected from accidental spillage. The EMP ensures measures are included to mitigate the impacts.

107

Screening Questions Yes No Remarks

social conflicts if workers from other regions or countries are hired?

√ Not anticipated. Most of the workers will be from local areas and hence such conflict is not anticipated.

large population influx during project construction and operation that causes increased burden on social infrastructure and services (such as water supply and sanitation systems)?

√ Not anticipated. Most of the workers will be from local areas and large population influx during construction and operation is not anticipated.

risks to community health and safety due to the transport, storage, and use and/or disposal of materials such as explosives, fuel and other chemicals during construction and operation?

√ Not applicable. Construction will not involve use of explosives and chemicals

community safety risks due to both accidental and natural causes, especially where the structural elements or components of the project are accessible to members of the affected community or where their failure could result in injury to the community throughout project construction, operation and decommissioning.

√

Work areas will be clearly demarcated with signage and safety barriers and access will be controlled. Only workers and project concerned members will be allowed to visit the operational sites.

Based on the above assessment the project is categorized as ‘B’ as per SPS, 2009. Project will require Environmental Clearance from the SEAC under the preview of EIA Notification 2006 and its subsequent amendments.

108

A Checklist for Preliminary Climate Risk Screening

Project Title : Connectivity to Naidupeta Industrial Cluster

Country: INDIA

Sector: Road

Sub-Sector:

Division: APIIC

Department: APRDC

Screening Questions Score Remarks1

Location and Design of project

Is siting and/or routing of the project (or its components) likely to be affected by climate conditions including extreme weather related events such as floods, droughts, storms, landslides?

0

Would the project design (e.g. the clearance for bridges) need to consider any hydro- meteorological parameters (e.g., sea-level, peak river flow, reliable water level, peak wind speed etc)?

0

Materials and Maintenance

Would weather, current and likely future climate conditions (e.g. prevailing humidity level, temperature contrast between hot summer days and cold winter days, exposure to wind and humidity hydro-meteorological parameters likely affect the selection of project inputs over the life of project outputs (e.g. construction material)?

1

Would weather, current and likely future climate conditions, and related extreme events likely affect the maintenance (scheduling and cost) of project output(s)?

1

Performance of project outputs

Would weather/climate conditions, and related extreme events likely affect the performance (e.g. annual power production) of project output(s) (e.g. hydro-power generation facilities) throughout their design life time?

1

Options for answers and corresponding score are provided below:

S.No Response Score

1 Not Likely 0

2 Likely 1

3 Very Likely 2

Responses when added that provide a score of 0 will be considered low risk project. If adding all responses will result to a score of 1-4 and that no score of 2 was given to any single response, the project will be assigned a medium risk category.

Result of Initial Screening (Low, Medium, High): Medium

Other Comments: PREPARED BY:

109

APPENDIX-2: TREES DATA ALONG THE SUB PROJECT ROAD

Trees in PROW

Tree LHS RHS Total

Mango tree 0 1 1

Tree palm 108 66 174

Neem 0 2 2

Tree Other 148 58 206

Total 256 127 383

110

APPENDIX-3: LAND USE PATTERN (Chainage wise Description)

Chainage Existing Land use Remarks

From To

0 1 Agricultural land both sides

1 2 Agricultural land (LHS) Settlements (RHS)

2 3 Agricultural land both sides

3 4 Agricultural lands (RHS) Settlements (LHS)

4 5 Agricultural land both sides

5 6 Agricultural land both sides

6 7 Agricultural land both sides Railway track Crossings

7 7+600 Agricultural lands (RHS)

111

APPENDIX-4: DETAILS OF EXISTING BORROW AREAS

112

APPENDIX-5: ENVIRONMENTAL SURVEY ALONG SUB PROJECT LENGTH ENVIRONMENTAL SURVEY

Practical View of the Community about Environmental Scenario

Km: From - Thimmajikhandriga To - Pandluru

Team No-

Q.1 What do you think about the quality of water from ponds, wells, rivers or canal in your area? Good

Satisfactory/Polluted - Satisfactory

Q.2 if the quality of water is polluted /poor then in your opinion what are its reasons?

Ingress of industrial effluent in the source Sewage leakage/discharge in the source Animal water holes - Yes

Rain water storage -Yes Others,please specify

Q.3 Is the noise level in your area disturbing / irritating?

Yes/No - No

Q.4 If the Noise level is disturbing / irritating then in your opinion, it is due to

Vicinity of industry Vehicular Traffic Construction work - Yes

Work shop / scooter repair shop - Aviation zone

Others, please specify

Q.5 How, in your opinion, the noise level can be brought to satisfactory level in your area?

Using the Machinery equipment, which causes less noise as well as the Good condition certificate from the authorities concerned.

Is the quality of air, which you breathe, is healthy and clean?

Yes/No Yes

If not, then what are the reasons?

Due to vehicular pollution

Due to Industrial pollution

Due to poor sanitation Not Applicable

Due to tanneries in the vicinity Due to domestic smoke Others, please specify

Are there any places of Archaeological / historical importance in your vicinity? If yes, please give details. : Furnished in the Report

113

Is there any previous history of natural disaster viz. Floods, Drought, earthquake etc. in your area? If so, give details with year of occurrence and damage.

Flood Yes / No

Drought Yes / No

Earthquake Yes / No

Location: Year:

Are any rare species of Birds, Animals etc. visiting your area during winter? If so,

please give details and locations

Name of the Species: Location:

Do you have any market place etc. in your areas and it is likely to be affected by proposed expansion of road? If yes, then which site do you suggest for relocation of the markets. Not much

Do you have any suggestion to improve the Environment w.r.t. Air, Water and Noise in your area?

Follow & implement the pre-cautions mentioned in the report during the work execution

Particular Name Sign/Date

114

APPENDIX-6: PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND PROJECT PHOTOS

Group discussions as a part of Public consultations held along the project road.

The following are the attached list of consultations :

115

116

117

118

119

120

APRDC/04 - Widening of road from Thimmaji Kandriga to NH-16 near Pandlur Railway gate

for 6.1Km length (Naidupeta Road)

1. Minutes of Public Consultation

Date and

Time of

Consultatio

n

Place Agenda Method Participants

details

Participants

Number

Mal

e

Femal

e

24.01.2018 Tahsildar

Office,

Naidupet

a

mandal,

and

Mandal

Parishad

Meeting

Hall,

Ozili

mandal

To inform

the public

about road

widening

project,

conduct of

socio-

economic

survey and

record public

concerns

Presentati

on

Informatio

n sharing

and

Discussion

s

Public

Women

Village leaders

APRDC Officials

Revenue Officials

PMSC Specialists

(Public

Communication)

DPR Consultants

(SATRA)

57 13

Issues raised Issues

raised by

Response

Land acquisition will be done as per the

requirement. Land will be taken from

both sides of the road. Before acquiring

the land from the public, a socio-

economic survey will be done to assess

the status of the affected person and is

required to plan resettlement.

Special

Deputy

Collector

(SDC)

APRDC

Information noted

Road is going through the Kothapeta

village. Houses are constructed on both

sides of the road and in road widening

public loose houses

Public SDC informed the public that the

new land acquisition act will

benefit public affected persons

will be compensated for loosing

houses and new houses will be

constructed in government land.

121

Compensation for registered, assigned

and encroached lands

Public SDC informed that as per the

new land act compensation will

be paid to categories of lands

acquired The compensation

amount will be decided by the

district revenue authorities and

public required to participated in

the consultation meetings with

revenue officials.

Land for land is required Public SDC informed that for loosing

houses, government will

construct houses. But for loosing

agriculture land, government will

not provide land, only

compensation will only be given.

Villagers have cattle sheds in front of

houses which may be lost in road

widening.

Public SDC informed the public to give

such details in socio-economic

survey. The data will be used in

planning assistance to affected

persons.

Socio-economic survey to be conducted

on on at Thimmaji Kandriga,

Ayyappareddipallem,

Vengaamambhapuram and Pandluru

villages of Naidupeta mandal on 28th

and 29th January 2019.

In Graddagunta, Punnepalli and

Josyullavari Kandriga villages of Ozili

mandal on 30st and 31st of January 2019

SDC Villages Revenue staff to mobilize

the affected persons on the

schedules dates for the socio-

economic survey conducted by

SATRA Agency

2. Action plan for the outcome of public consultation outcome

Issues raised in the public consultation Proposed action plan / mitigation

measures

Information on compensation to various

lands and assets

Revenue officials to explain the details

as per the Act.

122

Photographs of Public Consultation

Photo-1 – Public Consultation Photo-2 – Public Consultation

Location: Ozili mandal meeting hall

Date : 24.01.2019

Location: Thimmajikandriga village

Date :24.01.2019

123

3. Signature Sheet

124

125

126

127

128

Starting point Location at 34/000 End point Location joing to NH-16

Agricultural land Barren land

Railway Crossing Railway chainage 114/200

129

APPENDIX-7: ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

The Complete Environmental Management Plan is separately provided at Chapter No. 10

APPENDIX-8: ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN

SEMI-ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT

I. INTRODUCTION

Overall project description and objectives

Environmental category as per ADB Safeguard Policy Statement, 2009

Environmental category of each subproject as per national laws and

regulations

Project Safeguards Team

Name Designation/Office Email

Address

Contact

Number

1. PMU

2. PIUs

3.

Consultants

Overall project and sub-project progress and status

Description of subprojects (package-wise) and status of implementation

(preliminary, detailed design, on-going construction, completed, and/or

O&M stage)

Package

Number

Components/List

of Works Status of Implementation

(Preliminary Design/Detailed Design/On-going

Construction/Completed/O&M)a

Contract

Status (specify

if under bidding

or contract

awarded)

If On-going Construction

%Physical

Progress

Expected Completion

Date

a If on-going construction, include %physical progress and expected date of completion.

132

II. COMPLIANCE STATUS WITH NATIONAL/STATE/LOCAL STATUTORY ENVIRONMENTAL

REQUIREMENTSa

Package

No.

Subproject

Name

Statutory

Environmental

Requirementsb

Status of

Compliancec

Validity

if

obtained

Action

Required

Specific

Conditions that will require

environmental monitoring as

per Environment

Clearance,

Consent/Permit

to Establishd

a All statutory clearance/s, no-objection certificates, permit/s, etc. should be obtained prior to award of contract/s. Attach as appendix all clearance obtained during the reporting period. If already reported,

specify in the “remarks” column. b Specify (environmental clearance? Permit/consent to establish? Forest clearance? Etc.)

c Specify if obtained, submitted and awaiting approval, application not yet submitted.

d Example: Environmental Clearance requires ambient air quality monitoring, Forest Clearance/Tree-

cutting Permit requires 2 trees for every tree, etc.

133

III. COMPLIANCE STATUS WITH ENVIRONMENTAL LOAN COVENANTS

No. (List schedule and

paragraph number of

Loan

Agreement)

Covenant Status of

Compliance

Action

Required

IV. COMPLIANCE STATUS WITH THE ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (REFER TO EMP TABLES IN

APPROVED IEE/S)

Confirm if IEE/s require contractors to submit site-specific EMP/construction EMPs. If not, describe the

methodology of monitoring each package under implementation.

Package-wise Implementation Status

Package Number

Components Design Status

(Preliminary Design Stage/Detailed Design Completed)

Final IEE based on Detailed Design Site-specific EMP (or Construction EMP) approved by Project Director?

(Yes/No)

Remarks

Not yet due (detailed design not yet completed)

Submitted to ADB (Provide Date of Submission)

Disclosed on project website (Provide Link)

Final IEE provided to Contractor/s

(Yes/No)

134

Identify the role/s of Safeguards Team including schedule of on-site verification of reports submitted by

consultants and contractors.

For each package, provide name/s and contact details of contractor/s’ nodal person/s for environmental safeguards.

Include as appendix all supporting documents including signed monthly environmental site inspection

reports prepared by consultants and/or contractors.

With reference to approved EMP/site-specific EMP/construction EMP, complete the table below

Provide the monitoring results as per the parameters outlined in the approved EMP (or site-specific

EMP/construction EMP when applicable).

In addition to the table on EMP implementation, the main text of the report should discuss in details the

following items:

Grievance Redress Mechanism. Provide information on establishment of grievance redress mechanism and capacity of

grievance redress committee to address project-related issues/complaints. Include as appendix Notification of the GRM

(town-wise if applicable).

135

Complaints Received during the Reporting Period. Provide information on number, nature, and resolution of

complaints received during reporting period. Attach records as per GRM in the approved IEE. Identify safeguards team

member/s involved in the GRM process. Attach minutes of meetings (ensure English translation is provided).

Confirm if any dust was noted to escape the site boundaries and identify dust suppression techniques followed for site/s. Identify muddy water was escaping site boundaries or muddy tracks were seen on adjacent roads. Identify type of erosion and sediment control measures installed on site/s, condition of erosion and sediment control measures including if these were intact following heavy rain; Identify designated areas for concrete works, chemical storage, construction materials, and refueling. Attach photographs of each area. Confirm spill kits on site and site procedure for handling emergencies. Identify any chemical stored on site and provide information on storage condition. Attach photograph. Describe management of stockpiles (construction materials, excavated soils, spoils, etc.). Provide photographs. Describe management of solid and liquid wastes on-site (quantity generated, transport, storage and disposal). Provide photographs. Provide information on barricades, signages, and on-site boards. Provide photographs. Provide information on Checking if there are any activities being under taken out of working hours and how that is being managed.

Summary of Environmental Monitoring Activities (for the Reporting Period)a

Impacts

(List from

IEE)

Mitigation

Measures (List from

IEE)

Parameters

Monitored (As a minimum

those identified in the IEE

should be

monitored)

Method of

Monitoring

Location

of

Monitoring

Date of

Monitoring

Conducted

Name of

Person Who

Conducted the

Monitoring

Design Phase

Pre-Construction Phase

Construction Phase

Operational Phase

137

a Attach Laboratory Results and Sampling Map/Locations.

Overall Compliance with CEMP/EMP

No. Sub-

Project

Name

EMP/ CEMP

Part of Contract

Documents

(Y/N)

CEMP/ EMP

Being Implemented

(Y/N)

Status of

Implementation (Excellent/

Satisfactory/ Partially Satisfactory/ Below

Satisfactory)

Action

Proposed and Additional

Measures

Required

V. APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING OF THE PROJECT

Brief description on the approach and methodology used for environmental monitoring of each sub-

project

VI. MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ON PROJECT SURROUNDINGS (ambient air,

water quality and noise levels)

Brief discussion on the basis for monitoring

Indicate type and location of environmental parameters to be monitored

Indicate the method of monitoring and equipment to be used

Provide monitoring results and an analysis of results in relation to baseline data and statutory

requirements

139

As a minimum the results should be presented as per the tables below.

Air Quality Results

Site No. Date of Testing Site Location

Parameters (Government

Standards)

PM10

µg/m3

SO2

µg/m3

NO2

µg/m3

Site No. Date of Testing Site Location

Parameters (Monitoring

Results)

PM10

µg/m3

SO2

µg/m3

NO2

µg/m3

140

Water Quality Results

Site

No.

Date of

Sampling

Site

Location

Parameters (Government Standards)

pH Conductivity

µS/cm

BOD

mg/L

TSS

mg/L

TN

mg/L

TP

mg/L

141

Site

No.

Date of

Sampling

Site

Location

Parameters (Monitoring Results)

pH Conductivity

µS/cm

BOD

mg/L

TSS

mg/L

TN

mg/L

TP

mg/L

Noise Quality Results

Site No. Date of

Testing

Site

Location

LAeq (dBA) (Government

Standard)

Day Time Night Time

Site No. Date of

Testing

Site

Location

LAeq (dBA) (Monitoring

Results)

Day Time Night Time

VII. SUMMARY OF KEY ISSUES AND REMEDIAL ACTIONS

Summary of follow up time-bound actions to be taken within a set

timeframe.

APPENDIXES

• Photos • Summary of consultations • Copies of environmental clearances and permits • Sample of environmental site inspection report • Other

142

APPENDIX-9: NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS

Pollutant

Time

weighted

average

Sensitive

area Industrial area

Residential,

rural & other

areas

Method of measurement

Sulphur

Dioxide

(SO2)

Annual*

24 hours**

15 µg/m³

30 µg/m³

80 µg/m³

120 µg/m³

60 µg/m³

80 µg/m³

Improved West and Gaeke

Method Ultraviolet

Fluorescence

Oxides of

Nitrogen

as NOx

Annual*

24 hours**

15 µg/m³

30 µg/m³

80 µg/m³

120 µg/m³

60 µg/m³

80 µg/m³

Jacab & Hochheiser

Modified

(Na-Arsenite) method Gas

phase Chemiluminescence

Suspended

Particulate

Matter

(SPM)

Annual*

24 hours**

70 µg/m³

100 µg/m³

360 µg/m³

500 µg/m³

140 µg/m³

200 µg/m³

High Volume Sampler

(Average flow rate not less

than 1.1 m³/minute)

Restorable

Particulate

Matter

(RPM) size

less than

10 µm

Annual*

24 hours**

50 µg/m³

75 µg/m³

120 µg/m³

150 µg/m³

60 µg/m³

100 µg/m³

Respirable Particulate

Matter Sampler

Lead (Pb) Annual*

24 hours**

0.5 µg/m³

0.75 µg/m³

1.0µg/m³

1.5 µg/m³

0.75 µg/m³

1.0 µg/m³

AAS Method after sampling

using EPM 2000 or

equivalent filter paper

Carbon

Monoxide

(CO)

8 hours**

1 hour

1.0 mg/m³

2.0 mg/m³

5.0 mg/m³

10 mg/m³

2.0 mg/m³

4.0 mg/m³

Non - dispersive infrared

Spectroscopy

143

APPENDIX-10: NATIONAL DRINKING WATER STANDARDS

Sl. No. Parameter and Unit Desirable Limit Permissible Limit in Absence

of Alternate Source

1 Colour (Hazen units) 5 25

2 Odour Unobjectionable -

3 Taste Agreeable -

4 Turbidity (NTU) 5 10

5 pH 5-8.5 No relaxation

6 Total Coliforms (MPN/100 mL) nil -

7 Pathogenic Organisms or Virus nil -

8 TDS (mg/L) 500 2000

9 Mineral Oil (mg/L) 0.01 0.03

10 Free Residual Chlorine (mg/L) 0.2 -

11 Cyanide (mg/L as CN) 0.05 No relaxation

12 Phenol (mg/L C6H5OH) 0.001 0.002

13 Total Hardness (mg/L as CaCO3) 300 600

14 Total Alkalinity (mg/L as CaCO3) 200 600

15 Chloride (mg/L as Cl) 250 1000

16 Sulphate (mg/L as SO4) 200 400

17 Nitrate (mg/L as NO3) 45 100

18 Fluoride (mg/L as F) 1 1.5

19 Calcium (mg/L as Ca) 75 200

20 Magnesium (mg/L as Mg) 30 100

21 Copper (mg/L as Cu) 0.05 1.5

22 Iron (mg/L as Fe) 0.3 1

23 Manganese (mg/L as Mn) 0.1 0.3

24 Zinc (mg/L as Zn) 5 15

25 Boron (mg/L as B) 1 5

26 Aluminium (mg/L as AL) 0.03 0.2

144

Sl. No. Parameter and Unit Desirable Limit Permissible Limit in Absence

of Alternate Source

27 Arsenic (mg/L as As) 0.05 No relaxation

28 Mercury (mg/L as Hg) 0.001 No relaxation

29 Lead (mg/L as Pb) 0.05 No relaxation

30 Cadmium (mg/L as Cd) 0.01 No relaxation

31 Chromium (VI) (mg/L as Cr) 0.05 No relaxation

32 Selenium (mg/L as Se) 0.01 No relaxation

33 Anionic Detergents (mg/L MBAS) 0.2 1

34 PAH (mg/L) nil -

35 Pesticides (µg/L) Absent 0.001

36 Alpha Emitters (10-6µc/mL) nil 0.0001

37 Beta Emitters (10-6µc/mL) nil 0.001

145

APPENDIX-11: CRITERIA FOR WATER CLASSIFICATION BY CPCB

Designated Best Use Class of

Water Criteria

Drinking water source

(with conventional

treatment)

A

Total Coliforms MPN/100ml shall be 5000 or less

pH between 6 to 9

Dissolved Oxygen 4 mg/1 or more

Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) 5 days 20°C 3 mg/L

or less

Outdoor bathing

(organised) B

Total Coliforms MPN/100ml shall be 500 or less

pH between 6.5 to 8.5

Dissolved Oxygen 5 mg/1 or more

Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) 5 days 20°C 3 mg/L

or less

Drinking Water Source

(without conventional

treatment)

C

Total Coliforms MPN/100 ml shall be 50 or less

pH between 6.5 to 8.5

Dissolved Oxygen 6 mg/l or more

Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) 5 days 20°C 2 mg/L

or less

Propagation of Wildlife D

pH between 6.5 to 8.5 for Fisheries

Dissolved Oxygen 4 mg/L or more

Free Ammonia (as N) 1.2 mg/L or less

Irrigation, Industrial

Cooling, Controlled

Waste

E

pH between 6.0 to 8.5

Electrical Conductivity at 25°C Max 2250µ mhos/cm

Sodium absorption ratio Max. 26

Boron, Max. 2 mg/L

146

APPENDIX-12: NATIONAL AMBIENT NOISE STANDARDS

Area Code Category of Zones Limits of Leq in dB(A)

Day time* Night time*

A Industrial 75 70

B Commercial 65 55

C Residential 55 45

D Silence Zone ** 50 40

* Day time is from 6 am to 9 pm whereas night time is from 9 pm to 6 am

** Silence zone is defined as area up to 100 meters around premises of hospitals,

educational institutions and courts. Use of vehicles horns, loud speakers and bursting of cracking

are banned in these zones.

147

APPENDIX-13: MANAGEMENT OF CONSTRUCTION PLANTS, EQUIPMENT AND VEHICLES

Purpose

• To ensure that safeguard measures are taken to avoid / mitigate / minimize

environmental impacts

Site selection criteria

Following criteria are to be met wherever possible for crusher and HMP:

• 1.5 km away from settlement, school, hospital on downwind directions

• 1.5 km from any archaeological site

• 1.5 km from ecologically sensitive areas i.e. forest, national park/sanctuary etc.

• 1.5 km from rivers, streams and lakes

• 500 m from ponds

• 250 m from State and National Highway boundary away from agricultural land

• preference to barren land

Concrete batching plant should be located at least 200 m from the settlement, preferably on

leeward side, whenever possible.

The format for submission of details to the Engineer during finalisation of plant site is given as

follows (Site identification for Plants).

Statutory Requirements

• Obtaining Consent-for-Establishment (CFE) under Air and Water Acts from the State

Pollution Control Board (SPCB) before start of installation

• Obtaining Consent-for-Operation (CFO) under Air and Water Acts from the State

Pollution Control Board (SPCB) before start of commissioning and trial run

• Complying with the terms and conditions laid down in the CFE and CFO, which generally

include providing metallic road inside plant campus for movement of vehicles, plantation,

periodic (monthly) pollution monitoring i.e. ambient air, noise and stack emission

• The suspended particulate matter contribution value at a distance of 40 m from a

controlled isolated as well as from a unit located in a cluster should be less than

600µg/m3 or as shall be prescribed by SPCB.

• Obtain certificates from manufacturer for Type Approval and Conformity of Production

for Diesel Generator (DG) set/s.

• For DG sets of capacity up to 1000 kVA, the noise level at 1 m from the enclosure

surface shall not exceed 75 dB (A).

Pollution control measures

• Dust control measures in stone crusher plant i.e. water sprinkling at primary crusher and

secondary crusher, conveyor & return belts, covered conveyor system, chute at outfall of

aggregates, cyclone separator, wind braking wall etc.,

148

• For HMP, ensure adequate stack height as stipulated in CFE, install emission control

devices such as bag house filters, cyclone separators, water scrubbers etc., as attached

with the plant by the manufacturer or stipulated in CFE.

• Prefer bulk bitumen storage with mechanized handling facilities that storage in drums

with manual operation at HMP to prevent / minimize bitumen spillage and thereby

contaminating soil and ground water.

• Impervious platform for storage of bituminous and other liquid hazardous chemical

• Bag house filter / multi-cone cyclone for emission control. For bag house, cartridge filters

reported to be more efficient than fabric filters

• Pollution control measures for Diesel Generator (DG) set i.e. stack height, acoustic

enclosure etc.

• Greenbelt along the periphery of plant site.

149

SITE IDENTIFICATION FOR PLANTS

Construction Stage Report: One

Time: Date:

Installed Capacity: Location of Plant (Ch. & offset):

Sl. No. Item / Requirement Details as per Actual

1 Predominant wind direction

2 Size and area of the proposed plant site (m xm & Sq.m)

3 Present land use (barren or fallow land having no prominent vegetation should be preferred)

4 No dwelling units within 1.5km from the plant boundary in downwind direction

5

Distance of nearest boundary of State Highways and National

Highways (should be at least 250 m from the plant boundary)

6 Sensitive areas such as religious places, schools/educational institutions, reserved / protected forest, sanctuary etc. within 1.5 km (should be nil)

7 River/Stream/Lake within 1.5 km and ponds within 500 m

8 No other trees of girth>0.3m present and will be affected (no tree should be affected)

9 Width of Haul road (m)

10 Total Length of Haul Road (km)

11 Length of non-metal Haul Road (km) (should be as minimum as possible)

Documents to be attached:

Site plan showing wind direction, haul road and other environmental features.

Certified that the furnished information is correct and all relevant information as required is

attached.

Contractor:

150

APPENDIX-14: CAMP SITE MANAGEMENT

A. Purpose

Campsite of a contractor represents the single potentially most polluting location during

implementation of any road project.

Air pollution may be caused by emissions from Crushers, Hot-Mix, and Concrete Batching Plants.

Water pollution may be caused by discharge of sediment, oil & grease, and organics laden run-off

from these plants and their ancillary facilities as well as workshops, residential quarters for the

labor.

Land may be polluted due to indiscriminate disposal of domestic waste or (accidental) release

of hazardous solids from storage areas.

While the installation and operation of Crushers and Hot-Mix Plants are regulated by the

respective Pollution Control Boards, the other sources described above usually do not appear to

be causes of significant concern. Items to be considered for labor camps are mentioned briefly in Clause 105.2 (as part of 105: Scope of Work) of the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways

(MoRTH) publication: Specifications for Road and Bridge Works. Some specific requirements

for labor accommodation and facilities are to be met by the Contractor in line with Building and Other Construction Workers (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act, 1996.

Currently, there is no one-point guidance regarding the environmental management aspects of the

Contractor’s campsite. This guideline on Campsites is designed to fill this gap.

B. Scope

This guideline covers the Contractors’ camp sites – whether used by in-house crew or by any sub-

contractors’ crew.

It covers siting, operation, maintenance, repair and dismantling procedures for facilities for

labor employed on project (and ancillary) activities as well as equipment and vehicles. It does

not include siting, operation, maintenance, repair and dismantling of major plants – Hot-mix Plant,

Concrete Batching Plant, Crusher or Wet Mix Macadam Plant.

151

C. Siting, Establishing, Operation and Closure of Construction Camp

Potential Environmental Impacts

Construction camps require large areas for siting facilities like major plants, storage areas for

material, residential accommodation for construction labor and supervisors, and offices.

Removal of topsoil and vegetation from the land to be utilized for camps is the first direct impact of

any such establishment.

In addition, local drainage may be impaired if proper drainage is not effected by grading. Other

impacts may include damage to ecologically important flora and fauna, if campsites are located close to such areas. Water pollution because of discharge of sediment, fuel and chemicals is also

a possibility.

Pollution of land due to indiscriminate disposal of construction wastes including scarified pavement, concrete and even substantial quantities of domestic wastes from residential areas can

also be potentially disastrous, especially if the site is reverted to its original use after the project

(mostly agriculture).

D. Mitigation Measures

Siting of Construction Camps

The following guidelines will assist the Contractor to avoid any environmental issues while siting

construction camps:

i Maintain a distance of at least 1.5 km from boundaries of designated Reserved Forests,

Sanctuary or National Park area for locating any temporary or permanent camps.

ii Maintain 1.5 km from river, stream and lake and 500m from ponds

iii Maintain 250 m from the boundary of state and national highways

iv Locate facilities in areas not affected by flooding and clear of any natural or storm water

courses.

v Locate campsites in the (most prevalent) downwind direction of nearest village(s). The

boundary of the campsite should be at least 1.5 km from the nearest habitation so that the

incoming labor does not stress the existing local civic facilities.

vi The ground should have gentle slope to allow free drainage of the site.

vii Recorded consultations should be held with residents of the nearest settlement and/or their representatives to understand and incorporate where possible, what they would like to see within

their locality.

Establishment, Operation, and Closure of Camps

i The facilities within the camp site should be laid out so that the separation distances

suggested in other guidelines are maintained. A notional lay-out of the facilities except the major

plants is included in this guideline.

ii Topsoil from the area of the plant shall be stored separately for the duration of the operation

of the camp and protected from being washed away, unless agreed otherwise in writing with the

owner. If stored, it will be returned on to its original location at the time of closure of the site.

152

iii The Contractor shall prepare, make widely available (especially to staff responsible

for water and material management), and implement a Storm water Management Plan (SWMP)

for (all) the site(s) following approval of the same by the Engineer. .

iv The Contractor shall prepare an Emergency and Spill Response Plan as per the requirements

of Appendix 1 to Clause 501 of Specifications for Road and Bridge Works to cover the spillage of

bitumen and/or chemicals like retarders, curing compounds, etc.

v The Contractor shall prepare a Waste Management Plan describing the types and quantities

that are likely to be generated from within the camp site, with the period and duration during the construction schedule; methods to be adopted to minimize these; methods of removal, treatment

and (on-site or off-site) disposal for each type; as well as location of final disposal site, if any.

vi The Contractor shall provide safe ingress and egress for vehicles from the site and public

roads and shall not impact existing through traffic.

vii Water tankers with sprayers must be available at the camp site at all times to prevent dust

generation.

viii In case of stockpiles of stored material rising higher than wind-breaking perimeter fencing

provided, sprinklers shall be available to prevent dusting from the piles during windy days.

ix On completion of works, the Contractor shall restore the site to the condition it was in before the establishment of the campsite, unless agreed otherwise in writing with the owner(s) of the site(s).

If such a written agreement has been made, the Contractor shall hand over the site to the

owner(s) in accordance with such an agreement.

Equipment and Vehicle-related issues

Potential Environmental Impacts

The maintenance and repair of equipment and vehicles in Contractor’s camp are activities

that can have significant adverse impacts if not carried out properly.

The concern mainly arises from discharge of wash water contaminated with oil and grease,

whether from washing of vehicles or degreasing of equipment and vehicle parts. Vehicle washing, especially dirt from tires, also gives rise to sediment-laden run-off. No such discharges should be

directly allowed into surface water bodies since they can be harmful to aquatic species.

Mitigation Measures

a. Vehicles

i All vehicles used by the Contractor must have copies of currently valid Pollution Under

Control Certificates displayed as per the requirement of the Motor Vehicles Department for

the duration of the Contract.

ii All vehicles and equipment will be fitted with silencers and/or mufflers which will be

serviced regularly to maintain them in good working condition and conforming to the standard of

75dB (A) at 1m from surface of enclosure.

b. Workshop and Maintenance areas

i These areas must have impervious flooring to prevent seepage of any leaked oil & grease

into the ground. The area should be covered with a roof to prevent the entry of rainwater.

153

ii The flooring shall be sloped to from both directions to one corner where an oiland-

grease trap with sufficient capacity should be installed. All discharges from the workshop area

must pass through the trap to remove the floating oil and grease before entering the drainage

system of the site. The trap should be designed to provide a hydraulic residence time of about 20

minutes for the peak hourly discharge anticipated from the area (as per following figure).

iii Alternatively, degreasing can also be carried out using mechanical spray type degreaser,

with complete recycle using an enclosure with nozzles and two sieves, coarse above and

fine below, may be used as shown in the adjacent photograph. This arrangement will require some initial investment and running cost for the pump, but the payback period, in terms of the

use of diesel, under Indian conditions, has been reported to be less than 1 year.

Figure 1: Workshop Area Pollution Control

154

All the waste oil collected, from skimming of the oil trap as well as from the drip pans, or the

mechanical degreaser shall be stored in accordance with the Environment Protection (Storage

and Disposal of Hazardous Wastes) Rules, 1989. For this purpose, metallic drums should be

used. These should be stored separately in sheds, preferably bunded.

The advantage of this arrangement is that it allows for accurate accounting in case the waste material is sold to oil waste recyclers or other users like brick-kiln owners who can burn such

inferior fuel.

A separate vehicle washing ramp shall be constructed adjacent to the workshop for washing vehicles, including truck mounted concrete mixers, if any, after each day’s construction is over, or

as required.

This ramp should have an impervious bottom and it should be sloped so that it drains into a separate chamber to remove the sediment from the wash water before discharge. The chamber

should allow for a hydraulic residence time of about 10 minutes for discharge associated with the

washing of each truck. Following figure shows an outline sketch for a sedimentation chamber.

155

Figure 2: Sedimentation Chamber for vehicle washing ramp discharge

156

Facilities for Labour

Potential Environmental Impacts

The sudden arrival and relatively longer duration of stay of construction crew can cause

substantial strain on the existing infrastructure facilities like water supply, sanitation and medical

care, especially in rural areas. Pollution from domestic wastes can affect local sources of water supply and may harm the crew themselves as well as local residents. Improper sanitation and

inadequate health care also potential bottlenecks that the Contractor can eliminate with

relatively little effort.

Mitigation Measures

It should be emphasized that the Indian Law requires that the Contractor provide several facilities

to for the workers as per Building and Other Construction Workers (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act, 1996. Some of the provisions described herein are more stringent to

act as benchmark for improved environmental performance of road projects:

The contractor shall provide free-of-charge temporary accommodation to all the labour employed

for the project.

The accommodation includes separate cooking place, bathing, washing and lavatory facilities. At

least, one toilet will be provided for every 35 people and one urinal will be provided for every 20 persons. More toilets and/or urinals may have to be provided if the Engineer decides that these

numbers are insufficient.

In case female labourers are employed, separate toilet and urinals will be provided in locations

clearly marked “Ladies Toilets” in a language understood by most labourers.

The contractor shall ensure the supply of wholesome water for all the labour, including those

employed by any other agency working for the contractor. These locations will be marked

“Drinking Water” in the language most commonly understood among the labour.

In hot season, the contractor shall make efforts to ensure supply of cool water.

No water point shall be located within 15 m of any washing place, urinal, or latrine.

The contractor shall ensure that adequate cooking fuel, preferably kerosene or LPG, is available

on-site. The contractor will ensure that wood/ coal are not used as fuel on the site. Workers need

to be made aware of this restriction. In cases where more than 250 labours are employed,

canteen facility should be provided by the Contractor.

A crèche must be provided in each campsite where more than 50 female labourers are

employed, whether directly or indirectly, for the project or its ancillary activities.

Contractor must provide adequate facilities for first-aid treatment at the campsite.

A doctor / ambulance should be available on call for the duration of project implementation.

The contractor shall obtain the approval of the Engineer for these facilities within 30 days of

mobilization.

157

TYPICAL DRAWING OF WORKERS’ CAMP SANITARY FACILITY

158

Layout of Construction Camp

159

APPENDIX-15: MANAGEMENT OF CONSTRUCTION WASTE AND DEBRIS DISPOSAL

Purpose

• To maximize re-use of material generated during construction and

• To avoid environmental hazards due to improper disposal of construction waste material.

Procedure

The following procedures should be followed for upkeep of storage and disposal sites;

i) Contractor shall maintain register for keeping records on kilometer-wise

quantities of material generated during grubbing, stripping, excavation and

scarifying;

ii) Contractor shall re-use construction material to the extent possible based on

engineering properties. Possible re-use areas are filling sections, embankment slope,

village approach roads etc. Debris without bitumen could be used for backfilling of quarry / borrow areas as recommended by the Engineer. At locations identified for

dumping of residual bituminous wastes, the dumping shall be carried out over a 60mm

thick layer of rammed clay so as to eliminate the possibility of the leaching of the wastes into the ground water. The contractor shall ensure that the filled area is covered with a

layer of preserved topsoil layer of preserved topsoil.

iii) Contractor shall estimate the chainage-wise quantities of various waste material to

be disposed of;

iv) Contractor shall restrict waste disposal strictly at approved site/s only;

v) Contractor shall prepare a plan including detailed lay out plan and cross-section for disposal of debris and bitumen waste and get approval of the same by the

Engineer;

vi Bentonite slurry or similar debris generated from pile driving or other construction activities shall be disposed such that it does not flow into the surface water

bodies or form mud puddles in the area;

vii Contractor and Engineer shall ensure that disposal areas are properly treated as per

agreed plan;

viii Contractor and Engineer’s representatives shall undertake joint weekly

inspection to ensure compliance of various environmental requirements.

Ix Engineer’s representatives shall issue non-compliance if disposal site is not

managed as per agreed plan;

x All arrangement for transportation during construction including provision, maintenance, dismantling and clearing debris, where necessary will be

considered incidental to the work and should be planned and implemented by the

contractor as approved and directed by the SC.

160

C Site inspection

Weekly joint site inspection shall be undertaken for all the storage areas. The details

of attributes, which are to be inspected, are given as follows. The Contractor shall

ensure compliance of the requirements.

Details to be inspected for Monitoring Construction Material Reuse & Disposal

Attributes Requirements

Construction material generation

and re-use

Segregating debris and bitumen during generation;

Segregating re-usable portion of debris and bitumen and

storing preferably near areas of re-use; and

Temporary storage of waste material at sites as directed

by the Engineer

Waste disposal

Disposal of waste material at approved disposal site

within a week of generation;

Disposal site should be properly demarcated; Proper

levelling / grading at disposal site/s;

Recommended / agreed safeguard measures to avoid

ground water contamination by leachate from disposal of

scarified material are to be implemented;

Recommended / agreed safeguard measures to avoid

soil erosion are to be

implemented.

161

APPENDIX 16: GO ON GRM GOVERNMENT ORDER NO GO.RT.NO. 163 DATED 08-06-2018 FOR ESTABLISHMENT OF GRIEVANCE REDRESSAL

MECHANISM

162

163

164

Appendix-17 – Corridor of Influence map for identification of Eco sensitive area

Appendix 18: Applicable Ambient Air Quality Standards for India Projects Parameter Locationa Applicable Standards Per ADB SPSe

(µg/m3)

PM10 Industrial Residential, Rural and Other Areas

20 (Annual) c 50 (24-hr) c

Sensitive Area 20 (Annual) c 50 (24-hr) c

PM25 Industrial Residential, Rural and Other Areas

10 (Annual) c 25 (24-hr) c

Sensitive Area 10 (Annual) c 25 (24-hr) c

SO2 Industrial Residential, Rural and Other Areas

50 (Annual) b 20 (24-hr) c

500 (10-min) c

Sensitive Area 20 (Annual) b 20 (24-hr) c

500 (10-min) c

NO2 Industrial Residential, Rural and Other Areas

40 (Annual) b 80 (24-hr) b 200 (1-hr) c

Sensitive Area 30 (Annual) b 80 (24-hr) b 200 (1-hr) c

CO Industrial Residential, Rural and Other Areas

2,000 (8-hr) b 4,000 (1-hr) b

100,000 (15-min)d

Sensitive Area 2,000 (8-hr) b 4,000 (1-hr) b

100,000 (15-min)d

Ozone (O3) Industrial Residential, Rural and Other Areas

100 (8-hr) b 180 (1-hr) b

Sensitive Area 100 (8-hr) b 180 (1-hr) b

Lead (Pb) Industrial, Residential, Rural and Other Areas

0.5 (Annual) b 1.0 (24-hr) b

Sensitive Area 0.5 (Annual) b 1.0 (24-hr) b

Ammonia (NH3) Industrial Residential, Rural and Other Areas

100 (Annual) b 400 (24-hr) b

Sensitive Area 100 (Annual) b 400 (24-hr) b

Benzene (C6H6) Industrial Residential, Rural and Other Areas

5 (Annual) b

Sensitive Area 5 (Annual) b

Benzo(o)pyrene (BaP) particulate phase only

Industrial Residential, Rural and Other Areas

0.001 (Annual) b

Sensitive Area 0.001 (Annual) b

Arsenic (As) Industrial Residential, Rural and Other Areas

0.006 (Annual) b

Sensitive Area 0.006 (Annual) b

Nickel (Ni) Industrial Residential, Rural and Other Areas

0.02 (Annual) b

Sensitive Area 0.02 (Annual) b a Sensitive area refers to such areas notified by the India Central Government. b Notification by Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India Environment (Protection) Seventh Amendment Rules, 2009 c WHO Air quality guidelines for particulate matter, ozone, nitrogen dioxide and sulfur dioxide. Global update 2005. WHO. 2006 d Air Quality Guidelines for Europe Second Edition. WHO 2000. e Per ADB SPS, the government shall achieve whichever of the ambient air quality standards is more stringent. If less stringent levels or measures are appropriate in view of specific project circumstances, the executing agency of the government will provide full and detailed justification for any proposed alternatives that are consistent with the requirements presented in ADB SPS.

Applicable Ambient Noise Level Standards for India Projects

Receptor/ Source Applicable Standards Per ADB SPSc

(dBA)

Day time Night time

Industrial area 70b 70b

Commercial area 65a 55a

Residential Area 55a 45a

Silent Zone 50a 40a a Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2002 as amended up to 2010. b Guidelines for Community Noise. WHO. 1999 c Per ADB SPS, the government shall achieve whichever of the ambient air quality standards is more stringent. If less stringent levels or measures are appropriate in view of specific project circumstances, the executing agency of the government will provide full and detailed justification for any proposed alternatives that are consistent with the requirements presented in ADB SPS.

Applicable Drinking Water Quality Standards for India Projects

Group Parameter Unit Max. Concentration Limitsd

Applicable

Standards Per ADB SPSa, c, d

Physical Turbidity NTU 1 (5) 1 (5)

pH 6.5 – 8.5 6.5 – 8.5

Color Hazen units 5 (15) 5 (15)

Taste and Odor Agreeable Agreeable

TDS mg/l 500 (2,000) 500 (2,000)

Iron mg/l 0.3 0.3

Manganese mg/l 0.1 (0.3) 0.1 (0.3)

Arsenic mg/l 0.01 (0.05) 0.01

Cadmium mg/l 0.003 0.003

Chromium mg/l 0.05 0.05

Cyanide mg/l 0.05 0.05

Fluoride mg/l 1 (1.5) 1 (1.5)

Lead mg/l 0.01 0.01

Ammonia mg/l 0.5 0.5

Chemical Chloride mg/l 250 (1,000) 250 (1,000)

Sulphate mg/l 200 (400) 200 (400)

Nitrate mg/l 45 45

Copper mg/l 0.05 (1.5) 0.05 (1.5)

Total Hardness mg/l 200 (600) 200 (600)

Calcium mg/l 75 (200) 75 (200)

Zinc mg/l 5 (15) 5 (15)

Mercury mg/l 0.001 0.001

Aluminum mg/l 0.1 (0.3) 0.1 (0.3)

Residual Chlorine

mg/l 0.2 0.2

Micro Germs

E-coli MPN/100ml Must not be detectable in any 100 ml sample

Must not be detectable in any 100 ml sample Total Coliform MPN/100ml

a Bureau of India Standard 10200: 2012. b Health-based guideline values. c Per ADB SPS, the government shall achieve whichever of the ambient air quality standards is more stringent. If less stringent levels or measures are appropriate in view of specific project circumstances, the executing agency of the government will provide full and detailed justification for any proposed alternatives that are consistent with the requirements presented in ADB SPS. d Figures in parenthesis are maximum limits allowed in the absence of alternate source.

APPLICABLE STANDARDS FOR DISCHARGE OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS (EFFLUENT)

Pollutants Units Applicable Standard per ADB

SPS a, b, c

pH pH 6 – 9 b

BOD mg/l 20 a

COD mg/l 125 b

Total nitrogen mg/l 10 b

Total phosphorus mg/l 2 b

Oil and grease mg/l 10 b

Total suspended solids mg/l <50 a

Total coliform bacteria MPN b / 100 ml 400a b a Environment (Protection) Amendment Rules, 2017 b Health-based guideline values c Per ADB SPS, the government shall achieve whichever of the ambient air quality standards is more stringent. If less stringent levels or measures are appropriate in view of specific project circumstances, the executing agency of the government will provide full and detailed justification for any proposed alternatives that are consistent with the requirements presented in ADB SPS.

1

Appendix 19: SOUTH ASIA REGIONAL DEPARTMENT SAFEGUARDS INFORMATION LOG FOR SAUW PROJECTS

Project: IND: Visakhapatnam Chennai Industrial Corridor Development Program (VCICDP) [Naidupeta Economic Zone Subproject – External Connectivity to Naidupeta Industrial Cluster Road

Loan No.: Package No.: VCICDP-APRDC/06

Components: The State Highway component of proposed VCIC Connectivity Project has considered a length of about 33.2 km (as per ToR) of state highways/MDR which include three road sections. The sub project from Thimmajikhandriga village to Pandluru village on Tada Road section has been proposed to implement and upgrade to two lane road on priority based. The project road passes through Nellore district. The project road passes though plain and rolling terrain. The topography of the region is mixed type with combination of horizontal and vertical curves. The land use is mixed type with sections of agricultural land on plains and small/medium size industries in clusters. Roadside plantation is observed at a few locations along the project road. The improvement work will be undertaken along the existing alignment and the requirement for additional land is being ascertained to accommodate the proposed improvement work. There are no environmentally critical areas in the project road.

Description of APRDC-APIIC Roads

As per ToR As Per Design

S.No Name of the road project Length (Approx) (in

Km) Proposed Length (in

Km)

1 External Connectivity to Naidupeta industrial Cluster with NH – 16

6.9 8.700

2

Connectivity to Routhusuramala Cluster (Part of South Block of Proposed Yerpedu – Srikalahasthi Node)

10.3 9.461

3

External Connectivity to Nakkapalli Cluster, Visakhapatnam District (Kagitha to Patimeda)

16 4.425

Total 33.2 22.586

Contract Type:

Civil works

Date of IEE: January 2019

Draft IEE Updated/Revised IEE Others/Remarks

This draft IEE report has been prepared based on detailed design and in cooperation with DPR consultants.

IEE report includes site-specific EMP PMU and PIU will update this IEE before start of construction if there are any changes in detailed design in the subproject as included in the present DPR report and also based on ADB’s review and comments. The updated IEE will be uploaded at ADB’s and Project websites.

Activity Status Detailed Comments and Further Actions Required

1. Environmental assessment has been satisfactorily conducted based on ADB REA

Yes No This IEE report has been prepared on the basis of detailed design study and DPR, field investigations and surveys, stakeholder consultations and meetings.

X

2

Activity Status Detailed Comments and Further Actions Required

Checklist and scoping checklist.1

2. Environmental assessment based on latest project components and design

Yes No The IEE has been prepared based on detailed design. The Draft final IEE will be updated if there are any further changes in the design details before start of construction.

X

3. Statutory Requirements2

NA Forest Clearance The section on Policy Framework indicates that the proposed project road does not involve any acquisition of land, hence, no clearance required from Central Government. However, Section 5.3 on Anticipated Environmental Impacts indicates that there will be an estimated 383 number of trees that will be felled in line with road clearance. APRDC will secure permission from the state forest department before start of construction. The permission from Forest department will be obtained stretch wise before commencement of the work. The permission details will be included in the SEMR.

X No Objection Certificate To be obtained before start of works NOC will be obtained before commencement of the work and it will be included in the subsequent SEMR.

Site Location Clearance The existing road and ROW belong to APRDC. SLC Not required as also included in the IEE.

X Environmental Compliance Certificate

EC from MoEF not required/applicable to subproject

X Permit to Construct (or equivalent)

Consent for Establishment (CFE) is required to be obtained from APPCB for some facilities like Hot mix plant, crushers, quarry or batch mix plant established for a project. In case contractor establishes such plant, CFE and CFO will be obtained after award of work and it will be reported in the subsequent SEMR.

X Permit to Operate (or equivalent)

Consent for Establishment (CFE) is not required for road construction.

1 ADB Rapid Environmental Assessment Checklist for screening and categorization. 2 If applicable, Include date accomplished or obtained.

3

Activity Status Detailed Comments and Further Actions Required

Others No new quarry will be opened for this project hence permission is not required. The contractor may buy material from operating quarries. In case quarry is opened, requisite permissions will be obtained after award of work and it will be reported in the subsequent SEMR.

5. Policy, legal, and administrative framework

Adequate Not Adequate

X

Frameworks included:

X National regulation/law on EIA

Provided in the IEE

X Environmental agency Table 2-2 demonstrates statutes, policies, regulations and responsible agencies

X Relevant international environmental agreements

Provided in the IEE

X Environmental standards (IFC’s EHS Guidelines)

World Bank Group EHS guidelines has been included in section 2.3 of IEE. Appendix-9, Appendix-10 and Appendix-12 provides national ambient air quality standards, national drinking water standards and noise level standards respectively.

6. Anticipated environmental impacts and mitigation measures

Impacts and risks: Mitigation Measures:

Yes No

Biodiversity conservation

NA There is no sensitive ecosystem, or wildlife sanctuary or national park or hotspot or fragile ecosystem within the area of influence or corridor of impact of the sub project. Map showing ecological area is given in appendix.17

Pollution prevention and abatement

X Pollution control measures provided in the IEE (Appendix 13 – Management of construction plants, equipment and vehicles)

Health and safety

X Health and safety measures provided in the EMP

Physical cultural resources

X The Swami temple is very far away from the alignment. There may be indirect benefit to the tourist. There will not be any negative direct or indirect impact of the project. The alignment details with a field map will be included in the SEMR during construction phase.

Cumulative impacts

NA No cumulative impacts

Transboundary impacts

NA No transboundary movements anticipated

7. Impacts from Associated Facilities3

Addressed Not Addressed

None Not applicable

NA

8. Analysis of Alternatives Yes No Provided in the IEE

X

3 ADB SPS (Appendix 1 para 6) defines associated facilities as not funded as part of the project (funding may be provided

separately by the borrower/client or by third parties), and whose viability and existence depend exclusively on the project and

whose goods or services are essential for successful operation of the project.

4

Activity Status Detailed Comments and Further Actions Required

9. EMP budget included Yes No Estimated environment management cost is at INR 15,93,000. Environmental monitoring cost is at INR 2,27,000.

X

10. EMP implementation integrated in PAM and bid documents

Yes No

X

11. Consultation and Participation

Yes No Details including photographs, attendance sheets, etc. are provided in the IEE.

X

12. Grievance Redress Mechanism

Yes No GRM Notification provided

X

Description of GRM

Identification of GRC members

13. Disclosure Endorsement to disclose on ADB website

May be disclosed after final formatting.

Disclosed on project website May be disclosed after final formatting.

Relevant information available to stakeholders and affected people in language and form they understand

May be disclosed after final formatting.

14. Mobilized PMU Environment Specialist

Yes No Presently PMU has deputed a Safeguards Officer who is coordinating environmental and social safeguards activities. Environmental specialist of PMSC has been hired by PMU and mobilized. The names and contact details are provided in the SEMR.

X

15. Mobilized PIU Environment Specialist

Yes No The PIU environmental specialist has been mobilized and it has been reported in the SEMR

X

16. Mobilized Environment Specialist at PMU level

Yes No Presently PMU has deputed a Safeguards Officer who is coordinating environmental and social safeguards activities. Environmental specialist of PMSC has been hired by PMU and mobilized. The names and contact details are provided in the SEMR.

X

17. Mobilized Environment Specialist at PIU level

Yes No The PIU environmental specialist has been mobilized and it has been reported in the SEMR.

X

18. Awareness training on compliance to safeguard requirements

Yes No Environmental training awareness budget has been provided in part B of Environmental Monitoring Budget under section 10.7

X

19. Others/Remarks The updated IEE may be disclosed at ADB Website and Project websites after final formatting.

Prepared by: Anik Ajmera, Environment Safeguards Consultant, SAUW Noted and Checked By: Zarah C. Pilapil, Associate Safeguards Officer (Environment), SAUW Documents/References: 1. Updated IEE sent by PD VCICDP