Infrastructure Auditresources.ccc.govt.nz/files/TheCouncil/policiesreports... · 2013-10-14 · Supplementary supply is available for fire fighting purposes (as required) to meet

Infrastructure Audit

December 2009


December 2009


February 2010

© Christchurch International Airport Ltd

All rights reserved

No part of this document may be copied, photocopied or reproduced in any form or by

any means without permission in writing from Christchurch International Airport Ltd.

Contact Details:

Christchurch International Airport Ltd

P O Box 14 001

Christchurch

New Zealand

Phone: +64 3 358 5029

Facsimile: +64 3 353 7730

Website: www.christchurchairport.co.nz

Version 2 February 2010

Christchurch International Airport Limited - Utilities Audit Table of Contents

© Christchurch International Airport Ltd Version 2 February 2010 TOC Page 1

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 Utilities Audit .......................................................................................... 1

1.1 Introduction ..................................................................................... 1

2 Power Supply .......................................................................................... 2

2.1 Introduction ..................................................................................... 2

2.2 Existing Provision .............................................................................. 2

2.3 Restoration Time............................................................................... 2

2.4 Alternative Supply: Back Up ............................................................... 3

2.5 Future Demand and Supply ................................................................ 3

3 Potable Water Supply ............................................................................. 6

3.1 Background ...................................................................................... 6

3.2 Existing status .................................................................................. 6

3.3 Future demand and supply ................................................................. 6

4 Air Conditioning Water Supply .............................................................. 10

4.1 Existing status ................................................................................ 10

4.2 Future Demand and Supply .............................................................. 10

5 Sewer ................................................................................................... 11

5.1 Existing Status ............................................................................... 11


6 Reticulated Gas ..................................................................................... 12

6.1 Existing Status ............................................................................... 12


7 Communications ................................................................................... 13

7.1 Background .................................................................................... 13

7.2 Land Based Cable: Copper Cable and Fibre – existing status ................ 13


7.4 Microwave (Cell Phone) – Existing status ........................................... 16

7.5 Airways – Control Tower .................................................................. 16

8 Stormwater........................................................................................... 18

8.1 Introduction ................................................................................... 18

8.2 Current capacity ............................................................................. 18

8.3 Future Capacity .............................................................................. 22

Christchurch International Airport Limited - Utilities Audit Table of Figures

© Christchurch International Airport Ltd Version 2 February 2010 TOF Page 1

TABLE OF FIGURES

Figure 2.1 Simplified Schematic Diagram of Power supply to CIAL .................................. 2

Figure 2.2 Proposed 11kV Provision for Existing and Proposed Terminal ......................... 5

Figure 3.1 Aviation Park - Water Reticulation Plan .......................................................... 8

Figure 3.2 Primary Commercial Zone – Water Reticulation Zone ...................................... 9

Figure 7.1 Telecom Terminal – Feeder Cabling Layout ................................................... 14

Figure 7.2 Blow Tube Network – Schematic ................................................................... 15

Figure 8.1 Airside Consent: CRC981129.1 ...................................................................... 19

Figure 8.2 Landside Stormwater Consent: CRC000013.2 ............................................... 20

Figure 8.3 Future Capacity: CRC042924 ......................................................................... 21

Christchurch International Airport Limited - Utilities Audit Utilities Audit – Future Demand and SupplyIntroduction

© Christchurch International Airport Ltd Version 2 February 2010 Page 1

1 UTILITIES AUDIT

1.1 INTRODUCTION

In 2006, Christchurch International Airport Limited (CIAL) produced an Airport

Masterplan which provides Christchurch Airport’s land development strategy up to

2026. It outlines the framework for development of land within the Special Purpose

Airport Zone (SPAZ).

This document provides an update on utilities provided to the airport campus since the

publication of the Airport Masterplan 2006, which encompasses the existing terminal

and the Integrated Terminal Project (ITP) which is undergoing construction at the

current time.

The various utility services need to be capable of meeting future demand in order for

the Christchurch International Airport (CIA) to function as effectively as possible. For

the utilities audit the following services will be assessed:

Power supply;

Water supply;

Sewer;

Reticulated Gas;

Communications;

Stormwater.

Christchurch International Airport Limited - Utilities Audit Power Supply – Future Demand and SupplyIntroduction


2 POWER SUPPLY

2.1 INTRODUCTION

CIAL normally receives power from the Orion NZ Ltd public network via two

independent sub-transmission networks at Harewood and Hawthornden substations.

In addition, a third independent supply is available from Papanui during outages at

Hawthornden substation. Refer to Section 1.7 for a schematic diagram of power

supply.

2.2 EXISTING PROVISION

The sub-transmission network has full N-1 capability and therefore a fault on a

transmission line or transformer will not cause an interruption to supply. The three

11kV feeds to CIAL do not operate in a closed ring arrangement and therefore an

interruption to supply will occur for 11kV cable faults on either of these feeds.

Restoration to supply can be quickly achieved by either remote operation of circuit

breakers at Orchard Road switching station or switching within CIAL’s 11kV network.

In extreme circumstances, further capacity is available from the Papanui 11kV supply

and CIAL’s embedded generation. Refer to plan (2.1) below showing existing power

supply

Figure 2.1 Simplified Schematic Diagram of Power supply to CIAL

2.3 RESTORATION TIME

Annex 14 also recommends restoration times for specified airport equipment and this

range from 1 to 15 seconds. The avoidance of an interruption to supply by sub

transmission faults certainly exceeds this recommendation but restoration of supply

following 11kV cable faults would be in the order of 5 -15 minutes and therefore

exceeds the 1 to 15 second recommendation. It is Orion’s understanding that CIAL

Christchurch International Airport Limited - Utilities Audit Power Supply – Future Demand and SupplyAlternative Supply: Back Up


has their own back up supplies for services requiring (recommended) 1-15 second

restoration times.

2.4 ALTERNATIVE SUPPLY: BACK UP

The Islington 220kV bus is the common grid interconnection for the three alternative

supply points. This bus is split into four bus sections and is fed via four 220kV lines

from major generator stations in the south of the South Island. The Islington 220kV

bus is a core grid transmission asset and is required by the Electricity Governance

Rules (EGRs) to have full N-1 security and therefore a loss of a single transmission

line will not cause an interruption to supply.

The Orion network also takes a 66kV supply from Transpower at Bromley and should a

major failure eventuate on the Islington 220kV bus then an alternative supply can be

arranged via Orion’s 66kV network from Bromley to Islington.

The 11kV network supplying CIA and the general airport area has a peak load of

approximately 8MVA (approximately 2.8MVA to CIAL) and a restorable single fault

11kV capacity of approximately 13.5MVA and a dual fault 11kV capacity of

approximately 8.5MVA.

To meet load growth in the general airport area, future augmentation of the Orion

network is planned at the north end of Orchard Road. This will facilitate additional

capacity from Papanui 11kV grid exit point and is to be co-ordinated with Transpowers

proposed 11kV switchgear replacement at Papanui over the next 1-2 years.

2.5 FUTURE DEMAND AND SUPPLY

If load growth eventuates to the south of the airport, then additional 11kV feed/s

could be installed from Hawthornden substation. However, the Orion Harewood

substation is nearing the end of its lifecycle.

Airfield alterations may require the relocation of Harewood substation. Given the

close proximity of Hawthornden substation to the south end of the airport and

anticipated load growth to the north, the establishment of a new substation at the

north end of Orchard Road is considered more appropriate in the short term.

In order to effectively plan for growth in the medium/ longer term CIAL and Orion will

continue to discuss the possible replacement District substation sites (a south and

north option) for the relocation of the existing Harewood substation and designate

their use accordingly. Replacement of the existing 11kV cables located under the cross

runway will be considered also as part of the relocation of the Harewood substation

Such replacement cables would be more likely to be located on readily accessible road

reserve.

Up until the completion of SP2 (stage 2) of the Integrated Terminal Project (ITP), CIAL

will only have the substation supply on Orchard Road, with anticipated completion of

this stage in January 2011. From February 2011, CIAL will not have the option of

supplying the terminal from two separate points of supply. CIAL is currently in

discussions with Orion regarding future supply provisions. Upon completion of ITP,

Christchurch International Airport Limited - Utilities Audit Power Supply – Future Demand and Supply


CIAL will have more options for supply. CIAL cannot to maintain separate supplies

while construction of the Integrated Terminal Project is occurring.

Refer to plan illustrating 11KV provision for existing and proposed terminal below

(Figure:2.2).

Christchurch International Airport Limited - Utilities Audit Power Supply – Future Demand and Supply


Figure 2.2 Proposed 11kV Provision for Existing and Proposed Terminal

Christchurch International Airport Limited - Utilities Audit Potable Water Supply - Background


3 POTABLE WATER SUPPLY

3.1 BACKGROUND

All water is supplied by artesian wells located on-the airport site. A ring main

supplies potable water to both terminals and other consumers around the

campus. The Primary and Secondary Fire Suppression Systems for the

Terminal complex are serviced by the water tower and the potable water

supply respectively.

3.2 EXISTING STATUS

The Airport Fire Service (AFS) has multiple sources of water including the

potable water main, a 360K litre above ground supply, a 450K litre

underground tank and access to the 2M litre Air New Zealand deluge tanks.

The airlines provide potable water to their aircraft via a dedicated tanker that

uploads water from CIAL’s supply at various points around the apron.

The total consented capacity for potable water use is 100 litres / second.

The potable supply is primarily from 2 deep wells, which provide a source that

is "secure" in the terms of the NZ Drinking Water Standard, and requires no

treatment. The capacity of the two deep potable wells is 150 litres/second.

Supplementary supply is available for fire fighting purposes (as required) to

meet a demand of up to 180 litres/second. Two of the ITP AC wells are

configured for this provision.


Based on current demand (peak of 55 litres/second), the system has

substantial unutilised cumulative capacity and could theoretically cope with

significant increases in volume should future demand dictate. When demand

increases to approach or reach capacity additional bore wells could be

commissioned subject to obtaining resource consent(s). For example, future

development in the area south of Avonhead Road will require wells to be

located in the area and increased demand resulting from growth in passenger

terminal activity could also be serviced with new wells.

In identifying potential sites for new wells, due consideration will be given to

both the localised and cumulative effects of additional draw down such as the

localised interference between wells is where the abstraction from a well

creates a cone-shaped depression in groundwater levels that can affect

adjacent wells and hence attention will be given to:

Separation distance between wells;

Abstraction rates;

Aquifer characteristics; and

Christchurch International Airport Limited - Utilities Audit Potable Water Supply - Future Demand and Supply


Regional water levels.

Refer to the following plans showing water reticulation plan for the Aviation

Park (Figure: 3.1) and Primary Commercial Zone (Figure: 3.2).



Figure 3.1 Aviation Park - Water Reticulation Plan



Figure 3.2 Primary Commercial Zone – Water Reticulation Zone

Christchurch International Airport Limited - Utilities Audit Air Conditioning Water Supply – Existing Status


4 AIR CONDITIONING WATER SUPPLY

4.1 EXISTING STATUS

The International terminal is supplied with Air Conditioning Water (ACW) from 5 wells

located landside. The consented capacity is 175 litres/second with a daily maximum of

9910 m /per day. Peak flows of 6500m /per day have been recorded. Not all Air

handlers are suitable for this cooling supply however, so the ability to increase the

cooling demand to match an increase in passengers is not expected to reach the

consented capacity.


The new ITP is similarly supplied with ACW from 5 additional wells. The source

provides all the heating and cooling for the ITP. The consented capacity is also 175

litres /second. This is sized to give some redundancy and a further well is consented,

should this prove necessary. A review of the capacity of this system will be

undertaken after ITP and Regional Lounge completion.

The overlapping of localised draw down where there is a concentration of wells at

varying depths can create cumulative draw down effects on water availability.

Cumulative draw down is an issue which local environment agencies are investigating

further, possible negative impacts upon Christchurch’s spring-fed stream system are

of particular concern.

Christchurch International Airport Limited - Utilities Audit Sewer – Existing Status


5 SEWER

5.1 EXISTING STATUS

Christchurch Airport is serviced by its own single sewer outfall located on Wairakei Rd

where it links with the City system at Stanley’s Road. The peak flow capacity of this

line is 36 litres/second, at which time the sewer will surcharge and overflow at the

Harewood, Russley Rd roundabout. The flows were most recently measured in 2008.

Average flow of 17 litres/second and maximum flow of 30.2 litres/second. An increase

in peak flow of 17% would have the system at full capacity. The campus septic system

has recently been removed as volumes of sewage had exceeded the systems capacity.

However, farm operations and the golf club will continue to operate on septic tanks.


Development of the vacant land between Russley and Orchard Roads will require

review of the CIAL sewer mainline capacity.

By equating likely sewer demand to passenger level increases, it is anticipated that

the current system will be operating close to capacity by 2010.

CCC has reserved sewer capacity for airport expansion on their Avonhead Road line.

This line will be extended to meet up with future airport network at the intersection of

Avonhead and Russley Roads. Peak flow capacity could then increase by 15

litre/second, with additional average flow capacity of 10 litres/second. However, the

Christchurch City Council’s (CCC) has indicated that it has limited capacity further

down their network. According to the City Councils Long Term Council Community

Plan (LTCCP), the upgrade to the CCC system to allow CIAL discharge into Avonhead

Rd will not be completed before 2014.In the interim, water minimisation methods will

be used such as timed discharge to reduce peak flow.

To allow development of the Freight Servicing Area 2A, a pumping and storage system

is to be installed at the end of the Ron Guthrey Road extension. This will deliver to the

Wairakei Rd sewer until capacity is available in Avonhead Road.

As the Wairakei Road line approaches capacity on or around 2010, CIAL may be asked

to contribute financially to any Council work that provides added capacity by linking

the airport network to the Avonhead Road line. With the addition of this link the

sewer infrastructure will be capable of meeting the forecast demands of the next

twenty years, although options for major expansion works need to be considered

toward the end of the planning period.

CCC have indicated through the LTCCP that the Western Interceptor servicing

Wairakei Rd is due for upgrade which will increase capacity in this area. Completion

date is not confirmed.

Christchurch International Airport Limited - Utilities Audit Reticulated Gas – Existing Status


6 RETICULATED GAS

6.1 EXISTING STATUS

In-ground reticulated gas supply to the airport is distributed by Rockgas. The existing

airport network includes pipelines along Orchard Road, Durey Road, Memorial Avenue

and Harewood Road. The airport system is connected to the greater city network via

the Wairakei Road pipeline.


It is expected that additional reticulated gas capacity may be required in the

expanded terminal precinct as well as the area reserved for commercial activities

adjacent Peter Leeming Road. Rockgas has plans to install additional vaporisation

equipment that will increase existing capacity by 50%.

Rockgas will generally provide a gas supply to any development if the Service is found

to be economically viable. Maintenance of the network is the responsibility of Rockgas.

Christchurch International Airport Limited - Utilities Audit Communications – Background


7 COMMUNICATIONS

7.1 BACKGROUND

There are three main methods of telecommunications which are in use in Christchurch

Airport which include:

Land based cable – used for the data and voice transmission;

Microwave – primarily used for cell phone technology; and

Radio Frequency (UHF/VHF) – for traditional radio communications and high speed

data services.

7.2 LAND BASED CABLE: COPPER CABLE AND FIBRE –

EXISTING STATUS

The main land based cable network is owned and supported by Telecom NZ with a

smaller portioned owned by other parties (e.g. Telstra, Air NZ, Airways Corporation).

As Telecom currently owns all the copper cabling and the majority of the

telecommunications ducting, Telecom also receives any and all revenue generated by

this cabling. However, CIAL have plans to progressively develop its own duct and

Copper cable network with the intention to expand this network to provide all future

telecommunications cabling on the campus. This would enable CIAL to have capacity

to facilitate the provision of telecommunications services from any provider to tenants

and user of the airport.

Fibre optic cabling is provided by Telecom NZ, CIAL, Telstra and Enable networks. The

fibre cabling on campus is distributed from differing points on the campus depending

on the owner of the cable. In the case of Telecom, fibre is distributed from the Bunker

situated centrally on the campus. CIAL's developing fibre network is distributed from

the Demarcation room in the International Terminal. Enable's fibre comes into this

location also. Telstra have no central distribution point; rather they feed the main

arterial public roads on the campus individually.


It is the intention of CIAL that, wherever practical CIAL will provision fibre cable on

the campus going forward to ensure efficient utilisation of ducting, reduce campus

disruption and ensure accessibility to all service providers.

Christchurch International Airport Limited - Utilities Audit Communications - Future Demand and Supply


Figure 7.1 Telecom Terminal – Feeder Cabling Layout

Christchurch International Airport Limited - Utilities Audit Communications - Future Demand and Supply


Figure 7.2 Blow Tube Network – Schematic

Christchurch International Airport Limited - Utilities Audit Communications - Microwave (Cell Phone) – Existing Status


7.4 MICROWAVE (CELL PHONE) – EXISTING STATUS

The airport has two cell phone providers which are Vodafone and Telecom. In terms of

the Vodafone tower, the capacity is 2G which allows about 80 calls at any one time.

One protected microwave link feeds the site. The Vodafone service has aerials located

on the water tower in the car park. Vodafone is currently looking into introducing

technologies which will make greater use of the current spectrum, but a decision had

not been made at time of this publication.

Telecom has a microwave tower next to the car park building.

Technological advances are working on making the existing spectrum more efficient to

increase the amount of data which can be transmitted. Vodafone and Telecom are

both introducing new technologies with the installation of new aerials.

A variety of radio frequency communication systems are in use around the airport.

These include: VHF systems used by the police and aircraft radio; UHF commercial

band-widths used by CIAL, MAF, Qantas NZ, Immigration, Customs, Singapore

Airlines, etc.; UHF user systems such as Air New Zealand’s local communication and

trunking system.

In addition to these more traditional systems there are newer services being provided

such as the radio frequency system being installed by Walker Wireless. This system

uses an aerial mounted on the Air New Zealand hangar to provide fast network data

access for a range of several kilometres.

The greatest development in forms of data exchange at present is wireless connection

technology. The driver for this development is the requirement for high-speed data

access on campus.

The rapid increase in RF utilisation of both licensed and un-licensed frequencies will

require a more co-ordinated approach to RF management on the campus to ensure

integrity of service for all.

7.5 AIRWAYS – CONTROL TOWER

The new Air Traffic Control Tower was completed and became functional in October

2009. This replaces the former aircraft tour which measured approximately 20m in

height, with the new tower being 45m tall and is New Zealand’s highest control tower.

The tower is owned and managed by Airway’s New Zealand.

In terms of telecommunications, the tower features a standalone PABX telephone

exchange system. With its internal voice switching service, PABX provides direct links

to the Control Centre. In the case of a systems failure, some external numbers would

be lost though will still provide another method of communication. The PABX

connection uses a pair of 150.

Telecom is provided straight into the tower where it is directly terminated, and

provides 150 pairs to the tower. The tower, at time of this publication, is currently

using 4 pairs of multi-pairs with each pair measuring 2mb and Telecom is the only

Christchurch International Airport Limited - Utilities Audit Communications - Airways – Control Tower


service provider to the tower. In addition, there are also 2 x 6 wire P Circuits though

this has no band width.

The new Airways Air Control Tower, October 2009.

Christchurch International Airport Limited - Utilities Audit Stormwater - Introduction


8 STORMWATER

8.1 INTRODUCTION

Within CIAL campus, stormwater is discharged to ground via a range of different

treatment systems. Discharge to ground is consented from ECAN. There are three

main global consents which allow discharge from tenanted and CIAL owned areas.

There is no connection to the City reticulation system.

The Environmental Compliance and Monitoring Program (ECMP) applies to all CIAL

operating areas and CIAL tenants who are covered by CIAL’s generic stormwater

consents.

8.2 CURRENT CAPACITY

Stormwater is discharged to both airside and landside under the following ECAN

stormwater consents:

1. Airside: CRC 9811291.1 – Consent to discharge stormwater into ground from

airside surface based on the airside boundary. This consent permits the discharge

of stormwater to aircraft apron areas; refuelling areas; freight manoeuvring areas

and aircraft/vehicle taxiways and any future developments in the airside

boundary. Expires: 10/06/2033 (see Fig 8.1);

2. Landside: CRC 000013.2 – Consent to discharge into ground from roads, roofs

and hard-standing areas on landside surfaces, that were developed as at 2000.

Future developments are excluded from this consent. Expires 11/02/2035 (see

Fig. 8.2)

Christchurch International Airport Limited - Utilities Audit Stormwater - Current Capacity


Figure 8.1 Airside Consent: CRC981129.1



Figure 8.2 Landside Stormwater Consent: CRC000013.2



Figure 8.3 Future Capacity: CRC042924

Christchurch International Airport Limited - Utilities Audit Stormwater - Future Capacity


8.3 FUTURE CAPACITY

Currently all hardstand for new developments has the ability to be consented under

CRC042924 (refer to 8.3, above). To discharge stormwater to land via ground soakage, in

circumstances where contaminants may reach groundwater. Expires: 01/10/2015. This

allows for an additional 50 hectares (maximum) of compacted and hardstand area. As at

2009 3.14 hectares had been developed under this consent. One limitation of this consent

is that the development must also be a permitted activity within the SPAZ.

Documents

Infrastructure Auditresources.ccc.govt.nz/files/TheCouncil/policiesreports... · 2013-10-14 · Supplementary supply is available for fire fighting purposes (as required) to meet