informe 9 carbohidratos

7/21/2019 informe 9 carbohidratos

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CONTENIDO

INTRODUCCION:..................................................................................................RESUMEN:...........................................................................................................

PARTE TEORICA:..................................................................................................

DETALLES EXPERIMENTALES:..............................................................................

PROCEDIMIENTO EXPERIMENTAL:.......................................................................

REACCCIONES QUIMICAS:.................................................................................

DISCUSION DE RESULTADOS:............................................................................

CONCLUSIONES.................................................................................................

APNDICE:.........................................................................................................

CUESTIONARIO...............................................................................................

BIBLIOGRAFA....................................................................................................

Practica N: Car!"#i$rat"%


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INTRODUCCION:

Sa!'("% )*' +"% car!"#i$rat"% %", +"% c"(-*'%t"% (% a!*,$a,t'%$' +a ,at*ra+'/a 0 a$'(% +a (a0"ra $' +a% -+a,ta% 0 a,i(a+'%

%i,t'ti/a, car!"#i$rat"% 0 '%t"% a %* 2'/ %ir2', c"(" 3*',t' $'','r4a -ara %*% c5+*+a%.

E6'(-+" $' '%t" %", +a% -+a,ta%7 )*' %i,t'ti/a, 4+*c"%a 0 "84'," a-artir $' $i98i$" $' car!"," 0 a4*a *%a, ta(!i5, +a c+"r"+a 0 +a +*/%"+ar7 0 '%ta 4+*c"%a a %* 2'/ -*'$' tra,%3"r(ar%' ', a+(i$9,7 -araa+(ac',a(i',t" $' ','r4a $' +a -+a,ta7 " ', c'+*+"%a7 )*' +' %'r2ir$' %"-"rt' '%tr*ct*ra+.

L"% a,i(a+'% -*'$', a+(ac',ar +a 4+*c"%a i,4'ri$a ', +"% a+i(',t"%7

', 3"r(a $' 4+*c94'," 0 '%t' %ir2' -ara +a %,t'%i% $' ATP.

RESUMEN:

E, '+ -r'%',t' i,3"r(' '%t*$iar'("% +"% (5t"$"% -ara i$',ticar 0$i3'r',cia, +"% car!"#i$rat"%7 t"$" -"r ('$i" $' r'acci",'% )*(ica%

c", +a% %*%ta,cia% )*' a4r'4*'("%7 '%t' ca%" r'a+i/ar'("% +a%-r*'!a% ', !a%' a +a r'acci9, $' +"% $i3'r',t'% car!"#i$rat"%7 )*'%", +a 4+*c"%a7 +a 3r*ct*"%a7 '+ a+(i$9, 0 +a %acar"%a7 c", '+ r'acti2"$' M"+i%c# 0 ci$" %*+3;ric" c",c',tra$" $",$' "!%'r2ar'("% +a3"r(aci9, $' *, a,i++" c"+"r ("ra$" +" c*a+ i,$icar *,a r'acci9,-"%iti2a.

Ta(!i5, #ar'("% +a -r*'!a c", +*4"+7 )*' '% '+ )*' r'c","c' +"%',+ac'% $' +a 4+*c"%a7 a$'(% *%ar'("% '+ r'acti2" $' F'#+i,47 )*'

'% *, a4',t' "8i$a,t' $5!i+. < a$'(% #ar'("% *,a -r*'!a c",+'2a$*ra -ara 2'ricar +a 3'r(',taci9,.

Ta(!i5, a+ r'acti2" $' F'#+i,4 %' +' a=a$ir +a c'+*+"%a -ara 2'ricar+a #i$r9+i%i% $' '%ta %*%ta,cia.



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PARTE TEORICA:

CARBOHIDRATOSL"% car!"#i$rat"% %", *,a% !i"("+5c*+a% )*' ta(!i5, t"(a, +"%,"(!r'% $' #i$rat"% $' car!","7 4+;ci$"%7 a/;car'% " %acri$"%?a*,)*' +"% $"% -ri('r"% ,"(!r'%7 +"% (% c"(*,'% 0 '(-+'a$"%7 ,"%", $'+ t"$" -r'ci%"%7 0a )*' ," %' trata, '%tricta(',t' $' t"("%$' car!"," #i$rata$"%7 -'r" +"% i,t',t"% -"r %*%tit*ir '%t"% t5r(i,"%-"r "tr"% (% -r'ci%"% ," #a, t',i$" 58it". E%ta% ("+5c*+a% '%t,3"r(a$a% -"r tr'% '+'(',t"% 3*,$a(',ta+'%: '+ carbono7 '+hidrgeno 0 '+ oxgeno7 '%t' ;+ti(" ', *,a -r"-"rci9, a+4" (%

!a6a. S* -ri,ci-a+ 3*,ci9, ', '+ "r4a,i%(" $' +"% %'r'% 2i2"% '% +a $'conrib!ir en e" a"#acena#ieno $ en "a obencin de energa$' 3"r(a i,('$iata7 %"!r' t"$" a+ c'r'!r" 0 a+ %i%t'(a ,'r2i"%".

E%t" %' c*(-+' 4racia% a *,a ',/i(a7 +a a(i+a%a7 )*' a0*$a a$'%c"(-",'r '%ta ("+5c*+a ', g"!co%a" a/;car ', %a,4r'7 )*'#ac' -"%i!+' )*' '+ c*'r-" *ti+ic' +a ','r4a -ara r'a+i/ar %*%3*,ci",'%.

C&ASI'ICACI(N DE &OS CARBOHIDRATOS

Mono%ac)rido%

S", car!"#i$rat"% )*' ," -*'$', #i$r"+i/ar%' a c"(-*'%t"% (%

%',ci++"%7 c"(" +a 4+*c"%a.

Di%ac)rido%

E% *,a a/;car )*' -*'$' #i$r"+i/ar%' a $"% (","%acri$"%7 -"r'6'(-+" +a %acar"%a.

http://www.dmedicina.com/vida-sana/alimentacion/diccionario-de-alimentacion/glucosa.htmlhttp://www.dmedicina.com/vida-sana/alimentacion/diccionario-de-alimentacion/glucosa.html


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Po"i%ac)rido%

S", car!"#i$rat"% )*' -*'$', #i$r"+i/ar%' a (*c#"% (","%acri$"%7%", ++a(a$"% -"+('r"% $' car!"#i$rat"% 0 %' ',c*',tra, ', +a,at*ra+'/a. P"r '6'(-+"7 +a c'+*+"%a 0 '+ a+(i$9,.

&o% carbohidrao% en e" c!er*o

La 3*,ci9, -ri,ci-a+ $' +"% car!"#i$rat"% '% -r"-"rci",ar ','r4a7a*,)*' ta(!i5, $'%'(-'=a, *,a 3*,ci9, i(-"rta,t' -ara +a'%tr*ct*ra 0 '+ 3*,ci",a(i',t" $' +a% c5+*+a%7 t'6i$"% 0 9r4a,"%?a$'(%7 %ir2', -ara 3"r(ar +a% '%tr*ct*ra% car!"#i$rata$a% $' +a%*-'rci' $' +a% c5+*+a%. a0 $i2'r%a% c+a%'% $' ("+5c*+a%car!"#i$rata$a% ', '+ c*'r-": -r"t'"4+ica,"%7 4+*c"-r"t',a%ta(!i5, ++a(a$a% 4+ic"-r"t',a%7 0 4+*c"+-i$"% ta(!i5, ++a(a$"%4+ic"+-i$"%.



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DETA&&ES E+PERIMENTA&ES:



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L*,a $' r'+"6 0 +'2a$*raBa4*'ta

M!e%ra% de g"!co%a, %acaro%a,

-r!co%a $ a"#idn Reaci.o de Mo"i%h

Hci$" %*+3;ric" &!go"



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T'r(9('tr"T!bo% de en%a$o

R'acti2" $' F'#+i,4 A 0 B /a%o de *reci*iado

Pr"!'taCocini""a e"0crica



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PROCEDIMIENTO E+PERIMENTA&:

HIDROLISIS DE LA CELULOSA

1. E, *, 2a%" $' -r'ci-ita$" %' $i%*'+2' (+ $' &SO@c",c',tra$" ', 1K4 $' a+4"$9,.

&. L*'4" %' +' a4r'4a & (+ $' a4*a $'%ti+a$a.>. S' -r"c'$' a ++'2ar a '!*++ici9, $*ra,t' & (i,.

Figura: Muestras llevadas a ebullicin

PRUEA DE FERME!"ACIO!1. S' -'%a &.4 $' +'2a$*ra 0 %' c"+"ca ', *,a +*,a $' r'+"6.

L*'4" %' a=a$' a4*a $'%ti+a$a #a%ta 3"r(ar *,a -a%ta.

Figura #: En la i$agen de la i%&uierda se 'bserva levadura en una

luna de rel'() En la *gura de la derec+a se 'bserva la ,asta de

levadura - la adicin de g'tas de gluc'sa

&. S' a4r'4a & 4"ta% $' 4+*c"%a 0 +" $'6a("% r'-"%ar $*ra,t' 1#"ra



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Figura: Fer$entacin de levadura. se 'bservan ,e&ue/as

burbu(as c'n un c'ntenid' de CO0

PRUEA DE MOLISH

1. E, @ t*!"% $' ',%a0"7 +i(-i"% 0 %'c"%7 a4r'4a("% 1K 4"ta% $'

4+*c"%a7 3r*ct"%a7 %acar"%a 0 a+(i$9,. L*'4" %' -r"c'$' aa4r'4ar 1 4"ta% $' &SO@ a ca$a t*!".

Figura: De i%&uierda a derec+a. se 'bservan $uestras de

gluc'sa. 1ruct'sa. sacar'sa - al$idn

&. A ca$a t*!"7 %' +' a4r'4a, & 4"ta% $'+ r'acti2" $' M"+i%# 0 %''%-'ra *,"% %'4*,$"% -ara "!%'r2ar +a r'acci9,.



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Figura: Se 'bserva la 1'r$acin de un anill' c'l'r vi'leta en las

2 $uestras. aun&ue en la $uestra de sacar'sa es di1usa)

PRUEA DE LU3OL

#) A+ i4*a+ )*' +a -r*'!a a,t'ri"r7 a4r'4a("% (*'%tra% $'4+*c"%a7 3r*ct"%a7 %acar"%a 0 a+(i$9, 4'rden dad' en lasi$5genes6 ', @ t*!"% $' ',%a0". Para +*'4" a4r'4ar 4"ta% $'L*4"+.

Figura: Se 'bserva s'l' el rec'n'ci$ient' del al$idn ,'r ,artedel Lug'l) Esta $uestra 'btiene una c'l'racin a%ul intens')

PRUEA DE FEHLI!3

1. E, t*!"% $' ',%a0" %' 1K 4"ta% $' %"+*ci9, F'#+i,4 A 0 "tra%

1K 4"ta% $' F'#+i,4 B a ca$a *," $' +"% t*!"%.



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Figura: S'luci'nes de Fe+ling A -

0) S' a4r'4a, 1K 4"ta% $' 4+*c"%a7 3r*ct"%a7 %acar"%a7 a+(i$9, 0'+ -r"$*ct" $' +a -ri('ra '8-'ri',cia 4+idr'lisis de la celul'sa6

Figura: Muestras ,r'ble$a en s'luci'nes de Fe+ling A -

7) L+'2a("% +"% t*!"% ', *, !a=" $' t'(-'rat*ra ',tr' KC

KC $*ra,t' a-r"8i(a$a(',t' (i,7 ', +"% c*a+'% %' "!%'r2aca(!i" $' c"+"r'% ',tr' +a% (*'%tra%.

Figura: Muestras de i%&uierda a derec+a: 3luc'sa. 1ruct'sa -

sacar'sa)



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Figura: Muestras de i%&uierda a derec+a: Al$idn. - $uestra dee8,eriencia anteri'r

REACCCIONES 1UIMICAS:

A. PRUEBA DE MOLISCH:

La% -',t"%a% 0 +a% #'8"%a% ta,t" a+$"%a% c"(" c't"%a% ', -r'%',cia$' ci$"% (i,'ra+'% c"(" '+ ci$" %*+3;ric" %*3r', -r"c'%" $'$'%#i$rataci9,7 "ri4i,a,$" 3*r3*ra+ " #i$r"8i('ti+3*r3*ra+7r'%-'cti2a(',t'.



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La% (*'%tra% -r"!+'(a% 0 +"% -"+i%acri$"%7 )*' ', ('$i" aci$"3a2"r'c' +a #i$r"+i%i% $'+ ',+ac' 4+*c"%$ic"7 3"r(ara,#i$r"8i('ti+3*r3*ra+.

L"% 3*r3*ra+'% r'acci",a, 3ci+(',t' c", c"(-*'%t"% ar"(tic"%? ','%t' ca%" %' 3"r(" #i$r"8i('ti+3*r3*ra+7 ',t",c'% a+ r'acci",ar c", '+,a3t"+ r'acti2" $' M"+i%c# "ri4i,ara *, c"(-+'6" )*' t"(arac"+"raci9, i,t',%a.

B. PRUEBA DE LUGOL:

E+ +*4"+ *,a $i%"+*ci9, $' 0"$*r" -"t%ic" 0 0"$" a0*$a a i$',ticar-"+i%acri$"%7 '%-'cca(',t' a+(i$9,7 )*' 3*' c", +a ;,ica c",)*i', r'acci"," ', +a '8-'ri(',taci9,.

C. PRUEBA DE FEHLING:

E, +a %i4*i',t' 'c*aci9, %' "!%'r2a +a r'acci9, $' +a 4+*c"%a c", '+r'acti2" $' F'#+i,4 A 0 B )*' '% *, c"(-+'6" c*-r"tartaric":



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D. PRUEBA DE FERMENTACION:

E, +a %i4*i',t' 'c*aci9, %' "!%'r2a +a% $i%ti,ta% r'acci",'% -"r +a%)*' -a%a +a 4+*c"%a7 -r"c'%" )*' '% $',"(i,a$" 3'r(',taci9,. E, +a)*' %' "!%'r2a c"(" -r"$*ct" ,a+ '+ a+c"#"+ 't+ic" 0 CO&.

E, +a %i4*i',t' i(a4', %' (*'%tra c", ('6"r $'ta++'% '+ -r"c'%" $'3'r(',taci9, )*' %*3r' +a 4+*c"%a7 -ri('r" 3"r(a,$" -ir*2at" -ara+*'4" "!t','r c"(" -r"$*ct" ,a+ a+c"#"+ 't+ic" 0 $i98i$" $'car!",".



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DISCUSION DE RESU&TADOS:

A. PRUEBA DE MOLISCH:

D'%-*5% $' a4r'4ar+' '+ r'acti2" M"+i%c# a +a% @ (*'%tra%

-r"!+'(a% ', ('$i" aci$"7 t"$a% 3"r(ar", *, a,i++" $'c"+"raci9, -*r-*ra i,t',%a ', +a i,t'r3a%'7 +" )*' ,"% i,$ica +a-r'%',cia $' #i$rat"% $' car!"," ', +a% (*'%tra% 4+*c"%a73r*ct"%a7 %acar"%a 0 a+(i$9,.

B. PRUEBA DE LUGOL:

D' +a% c*atr" (*'%tra% -r"!+'(a% %"+" +a c*arta a+(i$9, %'"!%'r29 *,a c"+"raci9, a/*+ i,t',%"7 ', ca(!i" ', +"% "tr"%tr'% %' "!%'r29 *,a c"+"raci9, a(ari++',ta. E%t" '% -"r)*' %'3"r(a ca$',a% $' -"+i0"$*r" )*' %' ',+a/a, a+ a+(i$9, ',+a% #5+ic'% $'+ -"+('r"7 +" )*' -'r(iti9 +a c"+"raci9, $'+a+(i$9,.

C. PRUEBA DE FEHLING:

S' "!%'r29 )*' -ara +a 4+*c"%a7 0 3r*ct"%a +a ('/c+a ca(!i"$' c"+"raci9, a r"6" +a$ri++"7 +" )*' '% i,$icaci9, $' )*' #*!"r'$*cci9, $'+ r'acti2" $' F'#+i,47 ',t",c'% $ir'("% )*'a(!a% (*'%tra% %", a/*car'% r'$*ct"r'% 0a )*' %' 3"r(9C*&O. E, '+ ca%" $' +a %acar"%a 0 a+(i$9, ," #*!" ca(!i" $'

c"+"raci9,7 ',t",c'% ," %", a/*car'% r'$*ct"r'%. < c", +a(*'%tra -r"!+'(a %' "!%'r29 )*' ca(!i" a 2'r$' a4*a7 ',r'a+i$a$ $'!'ra ca(!iar a r"6" -"r +a -r'%',cia $' 4+*c"%a7',t",c'% )*i'r' $'cir ," %' r'a+i/9 c"rr'cta(',t' +a#i$r"+i%i% $' +a c'+*+"%a.

D. PRUEBA DE FERMENTACION:

D'%-*5% $' *,a #"ra $' #a!'r $'6a$" ', r'-"%" +a -a%ta3"r(a$a -"r +a +'2a$*ra 0 4+*c"%a7 ,"% $i("% c*',ta +a-r'%',cia $' -')*'=a% !*r!*6a%7 a$'(% $' *, "+"r

$'%a4ra$a!+'. E%t"% r'%*+ta$"% c",r(a, )*' #*!"3'r(',taci9,7 -*'% +a% !*r!*6a% %'ria '+ $i98i$" $' car!","3"r(a$" $*ra,t' '+ -r"c'%".

E. HIDROLISIS DE LA CELULOSA:

A+ 'c#ar+' ci$" %*+3;ric" a+ a+4"$9, #*!" $'%-r',$i(i',t"$' ca+"r7 '% *,a r'acci9, '8"t5r(ica7 a$'(% ca(!i9 $'c"+"raci9, a (arr9, "%c*r". N" %' "!%'r29 ,i,4;, ca(!i"c*a,$" %' ++'29 a '!*++ici9, $*ra,t' ca%i ('$ia #"ra. P'r"

c", '+ r'acti2" $' F'#+i,4 %' $'!'ra "!%'r2ar %i %' r'a+i/9c"rr'cta(',t' '+ -r"c'$i(i',t" $' #i$r"+i%i%.



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CONC&USIONES2

La -r*'!a $' M"+i%c# '% *, (5t"$" '3'cti2" )*' %ir2' -ara$'%c*!rir +a -r'%',cia $' #i$rat"% $' car!"," ', c*a+)*i'r

%*%ta,cia -"r +a -r'%',cia $' *,a c"+"raci9, 2i"+'ta i,t',%a. E%*, (5t"$" )*' %"+" -'r(it' -r'%',ciar $' (a,'ra c*a+itati2a %i#a0 car!"#i$rat"% ', +a% (*'%tra% -r"!+'(a%7 (a% ," ,"%i,$icara +a ca,ti$a$ $' 4+;ci$"% )*' -"$ra, -r'%',tar +a%(*'%tra% -r"!+'(a%.

La -r*'!a $' +*4"+ '% '3'cti2" -ara i$',ticar +a -r'%',cia $'a+(i$9, ', c*a+)*i'r (*'%tra $'%c","ci$a7 a*,)*' +ac"+"raci9, a/*+i,a %"+" %' $a c*a,$" '+ a+(i$9, %' c"(-",' $'a(i+"%a (a% ," $' a(i+"-'cti,a -*'% c", '%ta ;+ti(a ,"

$'%arr"++a +a (i%(a c"+"raci9,.

E+ r'acti2" $' F'#+i,4 %' 3*,$a(',ta ', '+ -"$'r r'$*ct"r $'+4r*-" car!",i+" ', +a% a+$"%a%7 -*'% ti',', +a '%tr*ct*ra)*(ica a!i'rta ,'c'%aria -ara act*ar c"(" a4',t'%r'$*ct"r'%7 0 ', a+4*,a% c't"%a% 4','ra+(',t' -"%iti2a ',3r*ct"%a7 +" )*' %' '2i$',cia c", +a 3"r(aci9, $' *,-r'ci-ita$" r"6" +a$ri++" 98i$" c*-r"%". L" )*' ,"% ++'2a a $'cir)*' '% *, (5t"$" '3'cti2" -ara r'c","c'r a/*car'% r'$*ct"r'%7$",$' +a (a0"ra $' (","%acri$" 0 $i%acri$"% -"%'', '%aca-aci$a$7 $'%-*5% $' #a!'r "!%'r2a$" +a% $i%ti,ta% r'acci",'%#'c#a%.

La +'2a$*ra $'%c"(-*%" +a 4+*c"%a ('$ia,t' +a 3'r(',taci9,7*, -r"c'%" a,a'r9!ic". La 3'r(',taci9, '% *, -r"c'%" )*' ,"r')*i'r' $' "84',". < $' ac*'r$" a +"% r'%*+ta$"% "!t',i$"% %'-*'$' $'cir )*' +a -r'%',cia $' -')*'=a% !*r!*6a% '% %'=a+ $')*' #*!" 3'r(',taci9, 0a )*' '+ $i98i$" $' car!"," '% +i!'ra$"

', 3"r(a $' 4a%.

La #i$r"+i%i% r'a+i/a$" ," %a+i9 c"(" $'!a7 '%t" %' $'!i9 a )*'-*$" #a!'r *, 'rr"r $*ra,t' +a '!*++ici9, 0a )*' +a (*'%tra$'!a '%tar & (i,7 %' -"$ra $'cir )*' ,'c'%ita!a (% ti'(-"" +a c"ci,i++a ," '%ta!a 3*,ci",a,$" c"rr'cta(',t' -ara )*' +a#i$r"+i%i% %' r'a+ic' $' (a,'ra a$'c*a$a 0 a% -"$'r 3"r(ara/*car'% %i(-+'% 4+*c"%a.



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APENDICE:

CUESTIONARIO2

32 4CON 1UE REACTI/O IDENTI'ICA &A PRESENCIA DECARBOHIDRATOS5

Reaccin de Mo"i%h

La r'acci9, $' M"+i%# '% *,a r'acci9, )*' -r'%',ta +a-r"-i'$a$ $' t'=ir c*a+)*i'r car!"#i$rat" -r'%',t' ', *,a$i%"+*ci9,7 '+ ,"(!r' $' '%ta r'acci9, %' $'ri2a ', #","r $'+!"t,ic" a*%trac" a,% M"+i%#.

F"r(a -art' $' +a c"(-"%ici9, $'+ r'acti2" $' M"+i%# '+ ,a3t"+'+ (i%(" )*' %' +" *ti+i/a a+ ', 'ta,"+ $' -"r '++" at'(-'rat*ra a(!i',t' ', *, t*!" $' ',%a0" %' $'!' c"+"car +a(*'%tra " %"+*ci9, -r"!+'(a (% '+ r'acti2" $' M"+i%#-"%t'ri"r(',t' %' a$ici",a ci$" %*+3;ric" &SO@ 'i,('$iata(',t' a-ar'c' +a 3"r(aci9, $' *, a,i++" c"+"r 2i"+'ta', +a i,t'r3a%'.

E% *,a r'acci9, c*a+itati2a7 -"r +" )*' ," -'r(it' %a!'r +a

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