5CHICAGO TRIBUNE Ô ARTS&ENTERTAINMENT Ô SECTION 7 Ô SUNDAY, JANUARY 27, 2008

1

2

3

A peek at Halloran’s early sketchbooks shows early ideas for the installation, from a zigzag wall to a star shape. Eventually, he chose a wall design.

Tribune photo

Gordon Halloran

Simulation of final piece (unveiled Nov. 1)

Conceptualizing

Construction: Making it, then breaking it

SOURCES: Artist Gordon Halloran; “Paintings Below Zero: La Fortezza di Fenestrelle, Italy” written by Caitlin Hicks; site manager Tim Furness; refrigeration technician Art Sutherland of Access Refrigeration; City of Chicago TRIBUNE GRAPHIC

A giant painting of ice

‘The drawing part’

Keeping the painting coldPlates made of aluminum, an excellent conductor of cold, are key to the entire project.

Halloran came to Chicago a year and a half ago with virtually nothing prepared. “I hate when things get tied down too soon, in a form that’s supposed to be something that we respond to in the moment,” he says.

So he absorbed. He spent time in the park, learning its energy, the flow of the visitors, a sense of what he would want to create. And, ultimately, he felt that a long, flat, horizontal wall, with its intense colors, would work in harmony with the size, dimension and energy of “the Bean.”

Hanging in the park: A work that’s alive

MIC

HIG

AN

MillenniumPark

Exhibit

Pouring: Each day, the crew pours about 250 to 300 gallons of a color-water solution into 12 to 15 forms. The forms might contain liquid of another color or frozen shards whose edges bleed and add complexity. A piece might take three days to freeze, depending on its size and depth.

Breaking: The frozen panels are broken “in an enlightened way.” He might send a pinpoint object under the ice to cause a break that radiates from that point.

It’s all about the color.

Halloran likens the piece to a huge watercolor painting. He says putting color on ice or on paper is essentially the same — that the process really is about proper mixing of color to achieve brilliance through appearance, variation and combination.

“Experience of dealing with a lot of colors is

absolutely essential in this because the ice illuminates that color in a way . . . of no other form I’ve come across.”

He mixes his exact colors and pours, breaks and introduces pieces to other colors and mixtures of colors. He observes how quickly pigments drop and how they freeze. He reacts accord-ingly, building complexity as he goes.

“This sense of drawing, this making choices about what shapes and forms are harmonic or contrasting is a big part, for me, of the process — the part that I really enjoy,” Halloran says. “The drawing part.”

The wall will transition from hot to cold colors as an embodiment of temperature change. It is intended to play on our natural sense of color. The progression also relates to larger ideas

about the potential for climate change.

“For me there’s a bit of a metaphor going on with having a structure and a piece of artwork that is visually kind of dazzling and jewel-like in its presence,” Halloran says. “So precious, and yet it’s only being sustained by our efforts with this artificial cold wall.”

Frozen in place:

The backs of some pieces require smooth-ing with grinders or chisels. Team mem-bers pour water around the edges of the pieces as they place them on the wall. They then spray a final coating of water.

Tarps hide work:

This keeps the art secret until its unveiling.

Front

By Sue-Lyn Erbeck and Keith Claxton | TRIBUNE GRAPHICS Artist Gordon Halloran’s paintings are quintessentially Canadian. They’re made of ice — an idea born

over decades amid frozen ponds and pickup hockey games. Now, “Paintings Below Zero” is making its U.S. debut in Millennium Park as the feature of Chicago’s

Museum of Modern Ice festival. The frozen paintings — similar to those he displayed during the Turin 2006 Olympic Winter Games — will be on exhibit from

Feb. 1-29, then will be disassembled and left to melt away.

Free-standingvertical pieces

Free-standingvertical pieces

Back wall: Jagged and graphic. Showcases pieces that had been elevated at angles in the molds.

TOP VIEW

Though refrigeration plates keep the art frozen. Well, most of the art. Free-standing vertical pieces will be more vulner-able to the sun, wind and warmer air. Pieces that melt will freeze back at night. Halloran anticipates new shades will emerge and new crystals will. form. “This is part of the whole concept of the work itself, that it’s alive, essentially,” Halloran says. “It’s not a picture. It’s not frozen in place, in that ironic sense. It’s not frozen. It’s alive.”

Truss:

The look and feel of the metal support system matches that of the aluminum plates and creates an aesthetic connec-tion with Cloud Gate and Pritzker Pavilion.

Cloud Gate

Inside the plates

When the plates are hooked up, about 180 gallons of ethylene glycol, a form of alcohol often used as a coolant, circulate through tubes a quarter-inch below the surface.

A refrigeration system regulates the temperature of the glycol based on air temperature.

Star shapes in the tubes create liquid turbulence, which enhances heat transfer.

Rivets add strength

In the park

Aluminum plate

Paintings(3-5 inches)

Adherent

A layer of water freezes the paintings to the plates

CoatingAbout 1/4-inchlayer of ice acts as a final sheen and protects the colored ice from melting

BackSide view

Drawing: He finds the most exciting shapesand combinations, and introduces them to

another panel. He then might break that piece and . . . so on.

MORE IN METROAmid engineering obstacles and bitter wind chills,

a little Zen keeps Halloran's art flowing.

21 3

Halloran doesn’t rely on a blueprint when creating the forms. He says that every project should be at least 20 percent experimental. “It’s ephemeral. It’s supposed to have that nature of change in it.” One version of the process:

At the 4-degree warehouse

Unwired aluminum plates are placed on the floor, where they absorb the cold and lower the air temperature. The plastic molds sit atop the plates, causing the color solutions to freeze from below rather than from the direction of the air. Halloran likes the control and

predictibility this affords. As an additional measure, he usually uses styrofoam to

insulate the liquid during the freezing stage.

Plastic moldsCustomized to the scale

of pieces he wants to work with.

Front wall: Displays smooth side of the ice frozen against the bottom of the mold.

Product: CTARTS PubDate: 01-27-2008 Zone: ALL Edition: SUN Page: ADVP5-5 User: jbinkley Time: 01-25-2008 18:17 Color: CMYK

MONEY & REAL ESTATE

CN Sunday, January 29, 2012 | Section 7

Let’s getto work!

Position yourselfas a thought leader

Let a job

find you

Write a

cover letter

Create yourown business

Follow upafter an interview

Bring questions in to a job interview

Remember me?Let’s talk!

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KEITH CLAXTON/TRIBUNE NEWSPAPERS ILLUSTRATION

How toland a

Whether it’s rewritingyour cover letter, reviewingthe way you approachinterviews or rethinkingwhat kind of job will makeyou happy, here are sometips for landing a new job inthe new year. You’ll hearfrom authors, career ex-perts, career coaches andentrepreneurs.n Heather R. Huhman, acareer expert, experiencedhiring manager and found-er of Come Recommended,a content marketing con-sultancy for organizationswith products that targetjob seekers and employers:

Position yourself as athought leader inyour industry. Cre-ate a professionalblog and write in-sightful posts aboutindustry trendsand advice. Com-ment on other topblogs to increase your vis-ibility within those com-munities. Join and partici-pate in niche communities,such as LinkedIn groupsrelated to your expertiseand skills. Share relevantarticles (and your owncontent) on Twitter, Face-book and Google+. Not onlywill this help to developyour online presence, butyou’ll inadvertently net-work with people whomight lead you to your nextjob opportunity.n Miriam Salpeter, a jobsearch and social mediaconsultant, career coach,author, speaker, resumewriter and owner of KeppieCareers:

Let a job find you. Ifyou are a job seeker, youneed to shift your focus.Instead of spending all ofyour time identifying jobsand applying, you shouldalso think about how tohelp people who want tohire you, find you. Ramp upyour networking efforts. AJobvite study showed 89percent of U.S. companieswill use social networks forrecruiting in 2012, and 73percent of social hires arevia LinkedIn. In its job-seeker survey, Jobvitefound 78 percent of jobseekers who credited theircurrent job to social net-working named Facebookas the key factor in landingtheir position, and 42 per-

cent mentioned Twitter.Ignore any of these keysocial networks at yourown risk.n Alison Green, author ofthe popular Ask a Managerblog, where she dispensesadvice on career, job searchand management issues:

Write a new coverletter. If you’re still using ageneric cover letter thatsimply summarizes yourresume, you’re missing outon one of the most effectiveways to get an employer’sattention. In 2012, throwout that old letter and startwriting new ones for each

job for which you apply. Inthis job market, you can’tafford to squander an entireapplication page repeatingwhat’s on your resume.Instead, use your coverletter to provide informa-tion about how you’re fitfor the job and informationthat isn’t available on yourresume, such as personaltraits, work habits and whyyou’re excited about theposition. For instance, ifyou’re applying for an ac-counting job that requirestop-notch organizationalskills, and you’re so neu-

rotically organized that youcolor code your bills everymonth, most hiring man-agers would love to knowthat about you. And that’snot something you’d everput in your resume, but thecover letter is a perfectplace for it.n Luke Roney, contentmanager for CareerBliss, anonline career communitydedicated to helping peoplefind happiness in the work-place:

Bring questions to ajob interview. When aninterviewer asks you if you

have any questions, makesure you do. And make surethey’re good ones. Havingsmart questions will showan interviewer that you arediscerning about the com-pany for which you work,that you have prepared forthe interview and thatyou’re familiar with thecompany. Spend some timelooking at company re-views online and readingthe latest news about thecompany and about theindustry overall. Possiblequestion topics include:corporate culture, organi-

zational structure, day-to-day responsibilities of theposition, the company’sstanding in the industryand the company’s five-year plan.n Lindsay Olson, a foun-ding partner and publicrelations recruiter withParadigm Staffing andHoojobs:

Follow up after aninterview. If you are genu-inely interested in the jobafter the interview, make ahabit of sending a follow-up note of appreciation.While a thank you note

doesn’t guarantee you’ll getthe job, it certainly won’t

hurt you. Not only is it agesture of commoncourtesy, it’s a perfectplace for you to reiter-ate your interest andshow the hiring man-

ager why you are theright person for the job.

It also gives you thechance to add a detail aboutyour background that youmay have not had the op-portunity to explain in theinterview or to just simplyreinforce the connection.Sending a follow-up notevia email is acceptable andquick, but a handwrittennote will set you apart fromthe competition.n Scott Gerber, founder ofthe Young EntrepreneurCouncil:

Create your own busi-ness. When you look at thehistory of business in thepast 100 years, you will findthat many of today’s mostsuccessful companies start-ed in the 1930s, the samedecade as the Great De-pression. The fact is, inno-vation and business growthcomes out of down econo-mies because entrepre-neurs are problem solvers(and there are certainlyenough problems to besolved in times such asthese). We are in the age ofthe entrepreneur. The neweconomy has foreverchanged the social normsof yesteryear, so 2012 is asgood a time as any to jointhe entrepreneurial revolu-tion. So break free of theresume life, start somethingsmall that can grow organi-cally with hard work andundying passion, and makeit in this world on yourown.

Distributed by TribuneMedia Services

By Ben BadenU.S. News & World Report

New data on who tookthe plunge and purchased ahome last year shows thatdeclining prices and mort-gage interest rates madehomeownership attainablefor some Chicagoans whocouldn’t get into the marketjust two years earlier.

They had higher in-comes than in the past, they

bought more house andpaid less than buyers did afew years ago.

The Chicago data, pulledfrom the National Associa-tion of Realtors’ profile ofbuyers and sellers, is asmall sample of less than200 buyers who boughthomes in the year ended inJune 2011. Still, it shows

some distinct differencesfrom the same survey takentwo years before and giveslocal real estate agents anupdated blueprint of who’sdriving what continues tovery much be a buyer’smarket.

For instance, the per-centage of African-Ameri-can buyers rose to 14 per-

cent, from 10 percent, inthe period. Meanwhile, thepercentage of Asian buyersdeclined to 8 percent of themarket, from 12 percent in2009. And Hispanic buyerscontinued to represent 3percent of the market.White buyers account forthree-quarters of homepurchases.

The median income of ahomebuyer in Chicago was10 percent higher, at$103,100 in 2010 from$94,100 in 2008, likely areflection of tighter creditstandards and the role ofinvestors in the market. Butthat money went further.

Survey reveals a shift in buying patterns

Mary EllenPodmolik

The Home Front

Please turn to Page 2

SEASONED TO PERFECTION

CH A Z WA LT E R S HOT PROPERTY®

COLDWELL BANKER RESIDENTIAL BROKERAGE

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Product: CTBroadsheet PubDate: 01-29-2012 Zone: CN Edition: SUN Page: REACRE1-1 User: cci Time: 01-26-2012 15:32 Color: CMYK

30SANDWICHES, APRIL

DAYS

S U N D A Y M O N D A Y T U E S D A Y T H U R S D A Y

F R I D A Y S A T U R D A Y

Mindy’s HotChocolate

Cheddar melt

Look on the back! There’s more!

More to try

2

W E D N E S D A Y

Tap House Grill

Root beer braised beef

6 Skrine Chops

Pork tenderloin sandwich

7 Jubilee Juice & Grill

Char asparagus

8 The Silo

Breaded pork tenderloin

9Lucky’s Sandwich Co.

The Fredo

3 Blackbird

Organic pork belly sandwich

4 Gaztro-Wagon

Wild boar naanwich

5

Xoco

Choriqueso

13 The Brown Sack

Blast

14 Hopleaf

CB & J

15 Cemitas Puebla

Cemitas Atomica

16Zacatacos

Beef milanesa torta

10 Jack’s

Thick-cut BLT

11 Saigon Sisters

The VBQ

12

Ain’t She Sweet Café

Da Steve

20 Cafecito

Chivito

21 Hannah’s Bretzel

Apple thyme brie

22 La Unica

Sandwich Cubano

23Old Town Social

Pork belly reuben

17 Zenwich

Chicken satay sandwich

18 Schmaltz Delicatessen

The Big Al

19

Taurus Flavors

Double supreme steak

27 Mr. Allison’s

Ham sandwich

28 Nhu Lan Bakery

Lemongrass tofu banh mi

29 The DepotAmerican Diner

Pot roast sandwich

30The Lucky Monk

The Saint

24 Henri

Croque Monsieur

25 Spring Forest Meat & Deli Shoppe

Italian sub

26

1

30Pastoral

Le Canard

THURSDAY, MARCH 31, 2011 | SECTION 4 CN

As much as Play would

love to declare that 2011 is

the Year of the Sandwich, as

much as we would love to

say the thoughtful arrange-

ment of ingredients be-

tween bread had fallen out

of favor and is suddenly hot

Hot HOT in Chicago — well,

let’s not be disingenuous.

Sandwiches never fall out of

favor. Sandwiches are in-

vention over technique.

Sandwiches are generally

cheap and fairly hard to

screw up. That said, we are

now awash in high-quality,

high-profile purveyors: Xo-

co and Grahamwich, Gaz-

tro-Wagon and the Simple

Sandwiches truck, which

launched last year. Last fall,

the British grab-and-go

chain Pret A Manger

opened across from Willis

Tower, and Kenwood’s popu-

lar Z&H MarketCafe sand-

wich shop expanded into

Hyde Park.

It’s a good time to eat a

sandwich in Chicago. So, to

celebrate, we started eating,

asking around for favorite

sandwiches and testing. We

trimmed several dozen sug-

gestions down to 30 sand-

wiches we really liked.

What was the criteria for

inclusion? Good question,

though really, there was one

disqualifier: no burgers.

Everything else — old,

new, hip, predictable,

wrapped — remained on the

table. And then, of course,

quickly eaten.

— Christopher Borrellicborelli@tribune.com

Maybe it’s that brush of honey syrup

across lush licorice black slices of

pumpernickel that wows you. Or maybe

it’s the grainy, sweet, traffic-cone orange

6-year-old cheddar, baked until it oozes

over the crust. Or maybe it’s the

after-school-nostalgia of a sandwich

that arrives with Granny Smith apple

salad and homemade chips. Or maybe it

all just feels like childhood. — C.B.

$8; 1747 N. Damen Ave., 773-489-1747

There’s nothing to say but this: Le

Canard is a classy sandwich. It should

come wrapped in a tuxedo, or skewered

on a golden sword. The duck confit is

rich, the Dijon mustard biting but not

overpowering. Served on a baguette that

tastes as if it was made by an artisan’s

hand, as Pastoral advertises, Le Canard

justifies a lunchtime splurge. — L.E.

$8.61; 53 E. Lake St., 312-658-1250, and

2945 N. Broadway, 773-472-4781

Dr. Atkins’ nightmare comes alive in

Wrigleyville, where Lucky’s oversize

sandwiches are a hat tip to Pittsburgh’s

Primanti Brothers. Here, more is more. A

carb-busting stack of softened fries and

vinegary coleslaw gives the sandwich XL

heft, all tanginess and texture. Ham,

salami and capicola evoke an Italian

something, like late-night pizza tucked

between soft French bread. — K.P.

$7; 3472 N. Clark St., 773-549-0665

Why brine Slagel Farms pork belly for

three days, sear, sous vide with rosemary

and garlic for 16 hours, then finish on the

grill? Because it takes all that time to

prepare this stunning sandwich. The pork

belly, fatty in the best sense, collapses in

the mouth and melts into swine wine.

With red onion-fennel slaw, dijonnaise,

bread-and-butter pickles under a crispy

house-baked ciabatta. — K.P.

$14; 619 W. Randolph St., 312-715 0708

Pssst. Want to hear a secret about Matt

Maroni, the 30-something godfather of

Chicago food trucks? His low-key

brick-and-mortar shop in Edgewater is

not only better than his truck, it’s also

the best sandwich shop in the city. The

showstopper is whatever he’s doing with

smoky hunks of boar, sometimes

slathered with dates, sometimes paired

with Brussels sprouts. — C.B.

$9; 5973 N. Clark St., 773-942-6152

OK, it’s a tenderloin, not a chop. Sue me.

It’s still a fabulous slab of grilled pork,

jazzed up with a secret, 10-ingredient

seasoning (black pepper and rosemary

prominent among the accents), plopped

on a pile of rich mashed potatoes (yes,

mashed) and nestled in a soft bun

(made each morning by a local bakery).

Porky heaven. — P.V.

$9; 7230 W. Madison St., Forest Park,

708-771-7230

You’d think that braising something in

Sprecher’s root beer would make it too

sweet, but oh no. Chopped beef is piled

onto gouda cheese, which gives it a

smoky finish, and topped with tomatoes

and mushrooms. The fresh torpedo bun

is a crunchy contrast to the falling-apart

meat. — S.C.

$9.89; 6010 S. Cass Ave., Westmont,

630-541-8840 (three other locations)

This one was a pleasant surprise to me,

featuring nicely seasoned asparagus

spears cooked just right on the West

Loop eatery’s grill. It’s not just a welcome

break from burgers and grinders, it’s an

equal and in some cases superior choice

that lets its centerpiece ingredient do

the talking. — L.E.

$6.95; 140 N. Halsted St., 312-491-8500

Yes (to answer the inevitable), they

expect you to eat the entire thing. It’s

borderline cruel, a sick Midwestern

tradition, pork loin pounded and

breaded. Owner Larry Pike brought it to

the North Shore via his rural Illinois

childhood. Those doughy things? The

bun. Add ketchup, mustard; they’ll throw

on thick pickles and raw onions. — C.B.

$8.25; 625 Rockland Road, Lake Bluff,

847-234-6660

Why is it the best thing in an excellent

taqueria comes between two slices of

grilled bread? Maybe it’s the ultra-thin

slices of seasoned flank steak, lightly

fried. It could be the big slices of fresh

avocado. Or the fresh tomato. Or the

sour cream. No tortilla? No problem. —

S.C.

$4.25; 3837 Harlem Ave., Berwyn,

708-484-1300 (three other locations)

Step 1: Squash this three-story house of

strip-mall comfort food down to a single

story. Step 2: Notice there’s nothing

special here, not the white bread, not the

lettuce. Step 3: Focus on the crisp

half-inch thick sponges of pig, so fresh

one imagines a line cook jogging down

the street to a fancy butcher every few

hours. — C.B.

$7.50; 5201 W. Touhy Ave., Skokie;

847-674-5532

An understated and flavorful bahn mi,

Saigon Sisters’ VBQ leaves a pleasant

aftertaste of barbecued beef, Thai basil

and jalapeno. The star of the show is a

flaky, chewy French baguette, a supreme

vessel for this and other sandwich fillings

(pork belly, pork meatball, lamb) on the

West Loop Vietnamese restaurant’s

lunch menu. — L.E.

$8; 567 W. Lake St., 312-496-0090

The secret to Rick Bayless’ extraordinary

choriqueso isn’t the house-made chorizo

— tangy, spiced crumbled pork, its

chili-powder-dyed oil seeped into the

bread’s crevices. Nor is it the roasted

poblano, tomatillo salsa or jack cheeses.

The MVP is the Labriola Bakery bolillo

roll, scorched in an open-fire dome to a

char. The gooey sausage interior

balances the mighty crunch. — K.P.

$8; 449 N. Clark St., 312-334-3688

A government study has identified

bacon, lettuce and tomatoes as three

ingredients with better synergy than any

other combination of sandwich

ingredients. It’s scientific fact. But recent

advancements in Logan Square

concluded that a BLT with shrimp and

avocado was even more potent, forming

an invincible pentagram of rich, crispy,

buttery, smoky, toasty goodness. — K.P.

$8; 3581 W. Belden Ave., 773-661-0675

Regardless of how you feel about the

PB&J, the CB&J is hard not to love:

House-made cashew butter and fig jam

would be upgrade enough, but paired

with Morbier cheese melted in between

two perfect, pan-fried sourdough crusts,

it’s a wonder Hopleaf doesn’t stop there.

Sides of Stilton macaroni and cheese

and house-made potato chips seal the

deal so hard, it almost hurts. — L.V.

$11; 5148 N. Clark St., 773-334-9851

This Pueblan paean to the pig is glorious

excess defined, three interpretations of

pork in a sandwich requiring a snakelike

unhinging of jaw to devour. Three slices

of Krakus ham, a guajillo pork loin “carne

enchilada” and a breaded “milanesa”

fried to order, sandwiched with buttery

avocado slices and stringy, salty Oaxacan

cheese. The sesame-flecked “cemitas” is

a soft and crisp hubcap of a roll. — K.P.

$9; 3619 W. North Ave., 773-772-8435

I didn’t think the Reuben sandwich could

be improved. I’m rethinking that position

after tasting this mix of pork belly

(brined for days and smoked for 12

hours) with house-fermented

sauerkraut, Swiss cheese and a dab of

Russian dressing on grilled marble rye

bread. A hint of coriander elevates the

meat to star quality. — P.V.

$9; 455 W. North Ave., 312-266-2277

Also known as the “Joesplosion“ (for a

favored customer), this delicious combo

layers curry-marinated grilled chicken

(no longer on satay skewers, thankfully)

with shredded carrot, red onion, jalapeno

and house-made peanut sauce for an

awesome sweet-sour-spicy-savory

interaction. A toasted ciabatta roll holds

it all together. — P.V.

$7.25; 416 N. York St., Elmhurst,

630-359-5234

A classic Jewish deli in Naperville?

Believe it. And among its worthy

creations is this hero roll (named for a

regular customer) filled with thickly

sliced salami, sweet caramelized onions

and a little spicy mustard. It’s like a deli

creation masquerading as a steak

sandwich, but it works. — P.V.

$7.69; 1512 N. Naper Blvd., Naperville,

630-245-7595

Normally we don’t condone fake pig, but

the turkey bacon and turkey ham (piled

high atop smoked turkey breast) are

such a superior combo that we’ll make

an exception. Layer on two cheeses,

onion, hot peppers and lettuce and a

warm croissant can barely contain its

goodness. — S.C.

$7.25; 526 E. 43rd St., 773-373-3530

I started eating the chivito — which

houses just about every guilty pleasure

Earth’s farm animals have to offer; it is to

Cuban sandwiches what MTV is to cable

— and didn’t stop until I was holding air.

Steak, fried egg, ham and bacon make

this sandwich twice as hearty as its size.

Perfect for the hungry, the hung over or

those in urgent need of a nap. — L.E.

$5.99; 26 E. Congress Parkway,

312-922-2233

I’ve yet to have a sandwich here that I

didn’t love, but I’m especially fond of

Hannah’s vegetarian choices, including

this organic, whole-grain baguette

containing brie cheese, apple slices,

shaved fennel, caramelized onions and

greens, with a smear of apple-thyme

yogurt. Virtue can be delicious. — P.V.

$7.99; 233 N. Michigan Ave., 312-621-1111

At the back of this Rogers Park

supermarket, my Cubano warmed

between the hot plates of the sandwich

press for seven minutes. In that time, it

fused into a single mass, its components

now melded. What was ham, roast pork,

pickle, mustard, cheese and bread was

now warm, oozy, spectacular. Each bite

was a crunch loud enough to be heard at

the next table over. — K.P.

$4.49; 1515 W. Devon Ave., 773-274-7788

We assumed the grilled portabella

mushroom sandwich had gone the way

of sizzling fajitas and 1989, but this

surprisingly creamy throwback is so

earnest, with the mushroom marinated

in balsamic vinaigrette and resting on a

coat of hummus, topped with pickle and

a spongy sesame-seed bun, we’re pining

for some Fine Young Cannibals. — C.B.

$10.25; 105 Hollywood Blvd., South

Barrington, 847-898-0500

I wish I could shake hands with the

Frenchman, sadly uncredited, who

decided, “This ham and cheese sandwich

needs more melted cheese. And to be

fried in butter.” Without you, sir or

madame, we might never have arrived at

Henri’s decadent, Gruyere-coated

croque monsieur. The final bite of crust

actually released a puff of buttery mist.

— L.E.

$13; 18 S. Michigan Ave., 312-578-0763

A fine example of a sandwich classic, this

southwest suburban version packs a

soft-textured submarine roll with

capicola, mortadella and salami meats,

mozzarella and provolone cheeses, plus a

splash of Italian dressing and chopped

tomatoes with basil. Save half for later.

— P.V.

$6.49; 8390 Archer Ave., Willow Springs,

708-839-1056

Somewhere in the delicious netherworld

between a sloppy joe and an Italian beef

lies the Double Supreme. A steamed

steak roll with cheese is no match for the

slowly simmered, chopped beef and

onion mixture topped with tomatoes,

sweet peppers and sauce. You’ll need a

fork, a bib and a huge appetite. — S.C.

$6.75; 8534 S. Stony Island Ave.,

773-374-1872

Mr. Allison’s idea of a sandwich was to

make it a 60/40 ham-to-bread ratio,

closer in proportion to a hog between

two Ritz crackers. The sandwich boasts

three pieces of sliced-off-the-bone

sugar-baked ham, the combined

thickness of two decks of playing cards.

They’re then grilled and placed between

a chewy French roll. — K.P.

$5.55; 1711 E. Central Road, Arlington

Heights, 847-228-5870

Rare is the sandwich whose core flavors

are so perfectly balanced, condiments

would ruin the moment. Nhu Lan starts

with an authentic Vietnamese baguette

(about 1,000 are baked fresh there every

morning) and layers tofu drenched in a

succulent lemongrass marinade. Fresh

cilantro, cucumber and house-pickled

carrot and daikon add the crunch. — L.V.

$3.25; 2612 W. Lawrence Ave.,

773-878-9898

Go ahead, try to eat this thing with your

hands — you’ll end up wearing a fair

amount of the tasty gravy on your

clothes. The Depot takes slow-roasted

beef, piles it high onto a bun, stacks

some fries next to it and covers it all in

gravy. Oh, the gravy. — S.C.

$8.01; 5840 W. Roosevelt Road,

773-261-8422

By Christopher BorrelliSteve CavendishLeo EbersoleKevin Pang Phil Vettel Lauren Viera

TRIBUNE REPORTERS

We’ve rounded up two underrated

breakfast sandwiches as well as a

dozen choices that feature

sustainable ingredients. Page 3

KEITH CLAXTON AND MIKE MINER/

TRIBUNE NEWSPAPERS

Product: CTBroadsheet PubDate: 03-31-2011 Zone: CN Edition: THU Page: PLAYJUMP-8 User: kclaxton Time: 03-29-2011 15:00 Color: CMYK

MONEY & REAL ESTATE

CN Sunday, September 25, 2011 | Section 7

For each of the last 14 Septem-bers, JD Power and Associateshas published its annual report onhomebuilder customer-satis-faction ratings. There will be nosuch report this year.

The company, whose ratingsare well-reported and constitute asort of gold seal of approval usedheavily in marketing efforts, isn’tdoing a survey on any market this

year. It’s yet another sign of justhow depressed the home con-struction industry has become.

Last year it was tough enoughto get a report done on satis-faction with homebuilders andnew-home quality, said DaleHaines, senior director of JDPowers’ real estate and construc-tion group. This year, it turnedout to be impossible.

“We were hopeful that basedon the volume of closings in 2010,we had some early indicationsthat it might not be too bad,”Haines said. “We operated underthe assumption that there’d beenough closings for us to do ourresearch, and as the year contin-ued on, the picture became lessand less optimistic.

“We were just not able to get a

sufficient level of transactions tosurvey to meet our standards forresearch rigor.”

To get a true read on a market,the company needs at least 150annual closings for a given build-er and needs at least four to fivebuilders that are generating thatkind of sales volume. It also needs

JD Power builder ratings draw a blank

Mary Ellen PodmolikThe Home Front

Please turn to Page 2

Goodbye!

Welcomehome!

Empty nest, no longer

TRIBUNE NEWSPAPERS ILLUSTRATION

Now that the Hewsons have ababy, the Smiths serve as built-inbaby sitters and all-around help-ers. And the savings allow theSmiths to travel more and livemore luxuriously than theywould otherwise.

A study released in Decemberby Columbia University’s Na-tional Center for Children inPoverty found that 14 percent ofadults 18 to 24 enrolled in school,employed, in the military or edu-cated beyond high school lived ontheir own, and that 22 percent ofothers in that age group, to whomthe study referred as the “discon-nected,” lived on their own. Alarge percentage of both groupslived with their parents. More“connected” young adults did so,perhaps because their familieshad more resources, suggestedlead researcher Vanessa R. Wight.

“It’s just more and more im-portant for kids to get this kind ofhelp,” said Stephanie Coontz,director of research for the Coun-cil on Contemporary Families,noting that families unable to givecash often provide nonmonetary

help, such as offering to baby-sittheir grandchildren or allowingadult children to move in withthem.

William LeFavor, 24, a financialplanner in Wellesley, Mass., livedrent-free at his parents’ home 50miles away, which allowed him tosave about $25,000 for a downpayment on his first house. Inaddition to providing housing, hisparents paid for his food, drycleaning and other living ex-penses. (He also enjoyed hismother’s cooking.)

Without his parents’ help,LeFavor said, rent would haveeaten up at least half of his nearly$27,000 annual take-home pay,making it impossible to funnelaway any significant savings.

But depending on retired par-ents can create family tension.

“It’s embarrassing,” said Shar-on Davey, a single mother of twowho relied on her mother’s helpafter getting divorced.

So what can parents (andgrown children) do to ease thetransition to a multigenerationalhousehold?

Here are ideas from experts:

Be a little selfishWhen considering making

loans or gifts, experts warn thatparents should first protect them-selves from financial distress.

“It’s fairly common that (we)see clients who want to startmaking gifts, and then as theylook into it further, they realizemaybe they’re not in a position tostart making them,” said Mari-anne Kayan, an estate-planningattorney in Bethesda, Md.

An Ameriprise Financial sur-vey found that many baby boom-ers didn’t realize how much thehelp they were providing wascutting into their own retirement

savings. About 30 percent of babyboomers said the money theygave to their adult children af-fected their own retirement sav-ings, but most were unaware ofthe effect it was having.

Embraceindependence

Eileen Gallo, a psychotherapistand co-author of “The FinanciallyIntelligent Parent: 8 Steps toRaising Successful, Generous,Responsible Children,” recom-mends that parents ask them-selves if giving money makes anadult child more or less inde-pendent. Her husband and co-author, Jon Gallo, warns thatdependence can breed tension:“If you continue to have to berescued by your parents, you startto resent your parents.”

Spell it outIf parents decide to give mon-

ey, the Gallos recommend dis-cussing the details in advance,including whether the moneycomes with any strings attached.For example, if money is ear-marked for a car, can it be anytype of car? If the money is a loan,when does it need to be repaid,and at what interest rate? (If therate is below the one set monthlyby the Internal Revenue Service,it may need to be treated as a gift,which can have different tax

implications.) Websites such asasaneapproach.com offer tem-plates to help parents and chil-dren communicate about thedetails of their arrangements.

Make sure help goes both ways

As much as the Smiths helpedthe Hewsons by paying the mort-gage in their first home together,they never felt like they werebeing taken advantage of, becausethey also came out ahead finan-cially. That’s because the Hew-sons handled all utilities, includ-ing cable, gas and electric bills.That meant the Smiths coulddelay tapping into their retire-ment funds while still affordingregular cruises around the world.And, whenever they did decide totravel, they had built-in babysitters for their dog.

Know whento say goodbye

For the Hewsons and Smiths,that day might never come. Butfor LeFavor, it made sense tomove out after he could afford tobuy his own house. Said his fa-ther, Phil LeFavor, “We said, ‘Youcan stay as long as you’ve got aplan.’ ”

Distributed by Tribune MediaServices

Shortly after getting married, Keith and Katy Hewson decided to

share a three-bedroom town house with Katy’s parents, Gary and

Cindy Smith.

That was four years ago, and today they’re still living together. That’s

because each couple decided they not only benefit financially from the

arrangement, but they also enjoy living together. Percentage living with parentsBy disconnected status, 2010

Disconnected

Connected

45.8%

54.6%

Living with parentsIn 2010, nearly 15 percent of adults aged 18 to 24 were disconnected, meaning they were not enrolled in school, employed or in the military, and had no higher education.

SOURCE: National Center for Children in Poverty

TRIBUNE NEWSPAPERS

By Kimberly Palmer | U.S. News & World Report

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2011201020092008200720112010

TRIBUNE MEDIA SERVICES AND TRIBUNE NEWSPAPERS Indicators track the U.S. economy from numerous angles. Here is a look at some of them and what they mean.

TRIBUNE NEWSPAPERSSOURCES: Bloomberg, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Bureau of Economic Analysis, Federal Reserve, National Association of Home Builders, Census Bureau, Department of Labor, National Federation of Independent Business

10%

8

6

Aug.: 9.1%

20112010200920082007

600

400

200

Sept. 3: 414,000

Price index forpersonal consumptionexpendituresChange from previousmonth, seasonally adjusted

July (prelim.): 0.2%

Personal savings rateAs a percentage ofdisposable income, monthly

6.5%

6.0

5.0

5.5

July (prelim.): 5.0%

Revolving consumerdebt per householdScale in thousands,seasonally adjusted,monthly

$18

16

15

17

A weekly report on the number of first-time filings for unemployment nationwide, released every Thursday.

It matters because: It’s the earliest indicator

of whether the pace of

layoffs is slowing.

How much money people are spending on goods and services, fueling the economy. Food and energy items aren’t included.

It matters because: It can gauge inflation. High

levels of consumption

may lead to high prices.

Less spending can trigger

a slowdown in output.

180

$190

170

160

July: $174,800

20112010200920082007

2011201020092008

1,200

800

400

July: 604,000

June (preliminary):

$14,783.13

75

50

25

Sept. 7: 33.45

Consumer confidence indexMonthly

150

100

50

A monthly gauge of how consumers feel about the economy and their personal finances.

It matters because: Confident consumers

buy more, stimulating

the economy. Worried

consumers postpone

purchases.

20112010200920082007

Aug.: 44.5

Employment Personal finances

Housing Markets/business

U.S. unemployment rateMonthly, seasonallyadjusted

New U.S. weekly unemployment claimsInitial claims for unemploy-ment insurance, seasonally adjusted, in thousands

The amount of money people are saving as a percentage of their disposable income.

It matters because: Changes in savings rates

coincide with changes in

spending. This affects

demand and, therefore,

production of goods.

The amount of revolving consumer debt divided by the number of households carrying a credit card balance each month.

It matters because: Consumers are paying off

their debts. The decline

may slow if consumer

confidence rises.

WHATIT IS…

WHATIT IS…

The percentage of working-age men and women who want jobs but are unable to find them.

It matters because: People who don’t have

jobs don’t have money to

spend, restraining

economic growth.

Standard & Poor’s500 indexWeekly closes

CBOE VolatilityIndex (VIX)Weekly closes

U.S. international tradein goods and servicesMonthly balance, scale in billions of dollars, seasonally adjusted

The number of privately owned housing units on which construction has started and the founda-tions are being placed.

It matters because: It is often used to predict

large consumer purchase

trends, such as furniture

or appliances.

A measure of stock prices for 500 big U.S. companies and a proxy for the overall market.

It matters because: Stocks tend to lead the

economy. More than half

of U.S. households own

stocks, so people feel

wealthier when prices

rise.

Credit availability for small businesses Net percent (“easier” minus “harder”) comparedwith three months ago

A measure of how many small businesses have had their credit needs satisfied in the past three months.

It matters because: If credit becomes easier

for small businesses,

their potential for

growth and hiring

increases.

U.S. median existing single-family home priceScale in thousandsof dollars, not seasonallyadjusted, monthly

Housing startsScale in thousandsof units, annual rate,monthly

An indicator of investor sentiment and market volatility, based on the anticipated performance of the S&P 500 over the next 30 days.

It matters because: Often moving against the

S&P 500, it can be used

to infer investment risk

at a given time.

The median sale price for existing single-family homes.

It matters because: Housing prices color

perceptions of our

financial health and affect

our willingness to spend.

Prices reflect conditions

in homebuilding and

related industries.

-10

-5%

-15

-20

July: -10%

1500

1000

500

Sept. 7: 1198.62

-30

-60

-90

June: -$53.1 billion

201120102009

A look at economic indicators

20112010200920082007

INDICATOR

INDICATOR

The balance of trade with other countries. If the U.S. imports more goods and services than it exports, this number is negative.

It matters because:A negative balance is

called a trade deficit and

is unfavorable to the U.S.

D 201120102009J2011

F M A M J J

0.4%

0.3

0.1

0.2

D J2011

F M A M J J

20112010200920082007

THE COLLAPSE OF MF GLOBAL THE INSIDER TRADING TRIAL OF RAJ RAJARATNAM

THE DEATH OF STEVE JOBS GOLD PRICES SPIKE HOUSING WOES

UNEMPLOYMENT EUROPEAN DEBT CRISIS

U.S. LOSES PRISTINE CREDIT RATING

STOCK MARKET TURBULENCE

OCCUPYWALL STREET

NATHAN ARMES/REUTERS PHOTO

Occupy Wall Street: The year of the protest featured a movement against greed. It started in Zuccotti Park, in New York’s financial district, targeting Wall Street’s role in thefinancial crisis. The protests spread to other cities, including Chicago, and were aimed at everything from the undue influence of corporations to high unemployment to thegrowing gap between America’s wealthy elite, the “1 percent,” and the rest of the population. The movement was criticized for failing to have a unified message or articulatingsolutions to these issues.

Debt was a common theme in the top national business stories of 2011.

Standard & Poor’s cut America’s pristine credit rating because of the nation’s growing debt. The European Union faces austerity measures, political turmoil and financial

uncertainty because of too much sovereign debt. Futures brokerage MF Global Holdings declared bankruptcy after making a disastrous bet on European debt.

The nation and the world paused to memorialize Apple co-founder Steve Jobs and snapped up copies of his biography published after his death. Here’s a look back:

Please turn to Next Page

Debt an intertwining thread in 2011 business tapestryBy Ameet Sachdev | Tribune reporter

FOCUS TOP NATIONAL STORIES

BUSINESS Flip over for

B Sunday, December 25, 2011 | Section 2

What’s Your Problem?Naughty and nice — we’ve got a list too.Missteps were many, but goodwill andgood business still shine through.

Jon Yates, Page 3

Chicago ConfidentialSeveral innovations that are ex-pected to help shape the futureare being developed in Chicago.

Melissa Harris, Page 4

Outside Opinion LinkedIn is adding members at a rate of two persecond, and its IPO this year was a great success. But does it help professionals land a job?

Page 5

Look, I believe in Santa Claus,but it’s easy to understand WallStreet’s wariness.

Santa’s trademark holidaymagic may not be enough to wowinvestors, even as Claus & Co.come off yet another stellar per-formance this Christmas season.

With an uncertain economy andclimate for IPOs, an increasinglycompetitive business environ-ment and other issues, this is notime to rest on his hollies.

Like every other businessheading into 2012, Santa mustevolve. The unrivaled affectionfor Claus in the marketplace, aswell as his spotless track record, isthe envy of every other enter-prise. But a strong brand and along-established foothold don’tnecessarily ensure continuedsuccess or even viability.

Some observers no doubt viewSanta much like Chicago-based

Internet daily deal tyro Grouponand, popularity notwithstanding,wonder if there is actually a sus-tainable business model.

So strongly is the Santa brandassociated with giving that theneed for revenue is often over-looked.

Claus’ legacy operation hasbeen unbelievably effective in itslaserlike focus on a single night ofdeliveries, but it might be time tobroaden the portfolio. Yes, Santais virtually synonymous withChristmas. But partnerships withthe Easter Bunny, Tooth Fairy andothers would enable Claus to run

a truly year-round operation andspread costs.

Perhaps lulled by past success,Santa has been unforgivably laxwhen it comes to developing cashstreams, particularly licensing hislikeness, name and service. Therecan be exemptions for youth andchurch groups, and other non-profits, but surely a multinationalmultibillion-dollar company suchas Coca-Cola can pay for usingClaus in ads.

It’s no longer necessary to giveaway the rights simply for promo-tion.

That said, Santa has had great

difficulty establishing a presencein China, which, like much of therest of Asia as well as Africa,historically has been resistant toChristmas. More troubling,should the Chinese choose tocompete with Santa’s workshopcrew, it will be tough for Santa tokeep pace under Claus’ currentlabor agreements.

Claus has an aging workforceof elves. Beyond rising pensionand health care costs, this willmean a need for younger, skilledworkers for whom, tradition

It’s a frosty climate for Claus & Co. too

Please turn to Page 3

Phil Rosenthal

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4 CHICAGO TRIBUNE | SECTION 1 | FRIDAY, JANUARY 9, 2009 D

NEWS FOCUS

By Keith Claxton and Chad Yoder | TRIBUNE GRAPHICS

Impeachment caseagainst BlagojevichA state legislative committee took the first major step toward impeaching Gov. Rod Blagojevich Thursday, voting unani-

mously for a measure to remove him from office. The committee produced two documents: a report detailing why Blagojevich

should be impeached and laying out the evidence and an Article of Impeachment, which will be put up for vote in the entire

House. Here is a breakdown of the process and what happened Thursday.

Article of ImpeachmentCommittee’s report

E. JASON WAMBSGANS/TRIBUNE

PAGE 2-3:

“... be it RESOLVED, BY THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF THE NINETY-FIFTH ASSEMBLY OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS, that Rod R. Blagojevich, Gover-nor of the State of Illinois, is impeached for cause and that the following article of impeachment be exhib-ited to the Senate for trial as provided in the Illinois Constitution so that the Senate may do justice according to law...”

PAGE 6:

“ Under the totality of the evidence, some or all of these acts of the Governor constitute a pattern of abuse of power.”

The article of impeachment against Gov. Blagojevich was drafted after the committee

concluded its report. The artice lists numerous accuasations against Blagojevich and

references the original report for more in-depth information behind each allegation.

This 69-page report is the case against Blagojevich. It outlines all

of the evidence for impeachment. The Article of Impeachment is

based on this report.

“His many statements over the numerous intercepted conversa-tions show that his principal concern in making an appointment to the Senate seat was not the people of Illinois, but rather his own personal agenda.”

1Blagojevich plotted to obtain a personal benefit in exchange to fill the vacant seat in the United States Senate.

From the report:

“The conversations were far from casual talk. The Governor repeatedly directed his subordinates to represent the Governor’s demands in conversations with the Tribune Company.”

From the report:

Federal prosecutors allege Blagojevich sought to

peddle the U.S. Senate seat of President-elect

Barack Obama in exchange for a Cabinet post,

an ambassadorship or a high-paying private job

for himself or his wife, Patricia. Covert audio

recordings allegedly caught the governor calling

the Senate seat “a [expletive] valuable thing,

you just don’t give it away for nothing.”

“In the end, the Human Resources Director was fired for trying to hire qualified candidates, rather than the candidates put forward by GOIA [Governor’s Office of Intergovernmental Affairs].”

13Blagojevich violated state and federal law in his hiring and firing of state employees.

From the report:The governor’s

executive inspect-

or general said his

patronage office

pressured agen-

cies to make

political hires,

and federal

prosecutors cited

evidence of

“endemic hiring

fraud” under

Blagojevich.

“The Committee finds that the evidence detailed above demon-strates deliberate disregard of State and federal laws.”

10-12Blagojevich had a role in and responsibility for:

From the report:n Buying $2.6 million of flu

vaccines that were never

used.

n Starting a program to

import prescription drugs

that was ruled illegal by

the federal government.

n Giving a contract to a

politically connected firm

that mishandled an

initiative to save the state

money.

2Blagojevich plotted to condition the award of state financial assistance to the Tribune Co. on the firing of Chicago Tribune editorial board members.

“The issue presented herein is not the merit of expanded health care coverage, but rather the authority of the Governor to ignore state law and the legisla-ture, and impose an expansion of a program on the citizens of this state unilaterally...”

From the report:

9Blagojevich disregarded authority, procedure and the separation of powers by unilaterally expanding a state health care program.

After lawmakers rejected his plans,

Blagojevich pushed state agencies

under his control to offer health

insurance to more citizens even

though the funding was not there.

“The Governor is heard on tape seeking to barter official actions, such as signing legislation, following through on a promise for specialty pediatric care reim-bursements, and the further expansion of a tollway project, in exchange for cam-paign contributions.”

From the report:

3-8Blagojevich plotted to trade official acts in exchange for campaign contributions in numerous instances, including:

n The signing of legislation

related to the diversion of

casino gambling revenues

to the horse-racing

industry.

n The awarding of a state

tollway contract and

expansion of a tollway

project.

n The release of pediatric

care reimbursements to

Illinois doctors and

hospitals.

n The appointment to a

position within the Illinois

Finance Authority.

n The awarding of state

contracts.

n The awarding of state

permits and authorizations.

13 accusations in the article detailed in the report

“In sum, the Committee has heard a great deal of evidence relating to various instances where the Governor’s inap-propriate actions constitute abuse of power.”

From Section VII of the report:

In Blagojevich’s defense

“The whole thing is a charade,”Genson said, adding: “Basically, it’s

nothing better than a puppet show.”

Blagojevich attorney Ed Genson maintains the

House failed to develop a clear standard for an

impeachable offense and for the burden of proof

in the matter. He said the impeachment commit-

tee restricted the governor’s ability to fully

present his points, including the “good about the

programs” that came under scrutiny.

40

How the process works

60Votes are needed for

impeachment (a majority of

the 118 members). If 60 votes

are reached, the process

moves to the Senate.

In the Senate

Committee sets procedures

Senate holds a trial and votes to convict or acquit

House votes on impeachment

5 Democrats

Committee draws up charges

12 Democrats 9 Republicans

Impeachment proceedings began with the

Special Investigative Committee, formed

shortly after Blagojevich was arrested. Mem-

bers interviewed witnesses, gathered evidence

and compiled a list of specific charges, filing its

report and drafting an Articles of Impeach-ment to send to the entire House.

In the House of Representatives

4 Republicans

Blagojevich would be tried by the Senate with

Supreme Court Chief Justice Thomas Fitzgerald

presiding. A two-thirds majority is required to

convict. Blagojevich may then be removed from

office and barred from other public offices in Illinois.

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8 Chicago Tribune | Business | Section 2 | Sunday, February 26, 2012 B

Now you see it; now youdon’t.

That was the story of theDow Jones industrial aver-age last week as it repeat-edly hit 13,000, then gave itup, and made it over 13,000again. At week’s end, theDow stood at 12,982.95, asanalysts debated whetherinvestors should be worriedabout rising oil prices erod-ing the recovery.

After all, last year thestock market started strongearly in the year. Then oilprices climbed as investorsworried that unrest in areassuch as Libya would lead tosupply disruptions, whichinterfered with the econo-my’s recovery.

Analysts had been ex-pecting a 4 percent growthrate in gross domestic prod-uct in last year’s first quar-ter, but sharply rising oilprices “crushed real eco-nomic growth,” said Glus-kin Sheff economist DavidRosenberg.

Now, rather than the Ar-ab Spring, the preoccupa-tion is possible war betweenIran and Israel.

Outside of oil, economicdata have been strength-ening and concern aboutEurope’s debt crisis haseased. In the stock market,sectors dependent on agrowing economy havebeen the strongest perform-ers.

Those cyclical stockshave climbed about 30 per-cent since October lows.According to JPMorganChase & Co., stocks forcompanies selling basic ma-terials have climbed 32 per-cent, and industrial stocks,31 percent. Technology isn’tfar behind at 27 percent.

Consumers are feelingmore optimistic about theeconomy, according to aUniversity of Michigan in-dex released Friday. But theconsumer confidence in-dex, at 75.3, was greeted bysome analysts as old news.Though consumers havebeen feeling better aboutimproving jobs, housingand stock markets, higherprices at the pump loom.

Gasoline last week aver-aged $3.59 nationally, butanalysts were speculatingthat it could be at $4 or even$5 by summer. On Friday,light sweet crude for Aprildelivery closed at $109.77 onthe New York MercantileExchange, well below the$147 that disrupted theeconomy in 2008 but upabout 6 percent for theweek. Since rising oil pricesadd costs for companiessuch as airlines, transporta-tion stocks as a group de-clined about 4 percent.

Analysts have estimatedthat about 20 percent of theoil price increase is due toconcerns about the MiddleEast, with the rest tied to animproving global economy.

The latter is the type ofrise investors want to see.But an oil shock can causeconsumers to spend less —eventually disrupting theeconomy.

Still, Paul Ashworth ofCapital Economics arguedthat consumers are not be-ing punished by energy,helped by natural gas pricesat a 10-year low.

“The impact for inflationand real consumptionshould be pretty modest,”he said.

Next week analysts likelywill keep a closer eye on oilprices than the raft of eco-nomic data being released,including personal income,jobless claims and fourth-quarter gross domesticproduct.

gmarksjarvis@tribune.com

Will oil prices burnthe recovery again?

Gail MarksJarvisOn Money

The player: BroadwindEnergy Inc. (BWEN)

Headquarters: Naper-ville

Revenue: $130.8 millionfor the first nine months of2011

52-week stock range:$1.94/26 cents

Friday’s close: 68 centsKey business: Producer

of services and productssuch as steel towers, preci-sion gearing and gearboxesfor U.S. wind, oil, gas andmining industries

By the numbers: 850employees

The scoopBroadwind is undergoing

a transition from a “pureplay in the wind energysector to serving a broaderset of high-growth energymarkets,” said spokesmanJohn J. Segvich. It reportedstrong fourth-quarter or-ders of wind turbines, in-cluding one $23 millionorder scheduled for deliv-ery by the second half of thisyear, according to a Januarycompany press release.

However, Congress onFeb. 16 potentially changedthe game when it failed torenew a production taxcredit that would have pro-vided 2.2 cents per kilowatt-hour of wind-turbine elec-tricity produced. Withoutthe federal subsidy, the in-dustry is predicting massivelayoffs and the cancellationof projects. Experts say thechances of seeing newwind-power legislation areslim until after the Novem-ber election.

The buzzAlex Morris, analyst at

Houston-based RaymondJames and Associates, ratesBroadwind’s stock “under-perform” because while hebelieves the company is“one of the more advan-taged players in the NorthAmerican wind space,”wind installations competewith natural gas, which is atrecord-low prices.

Morris’ firm projects nat-

ural gas prices will rise from$2.50 per 1,000 cubic feetthis year to $3.25 next yearand about $5 in five years,but that is still much lowerthan the $10-$12 peaks of2008.

Morris said Broadwind isshifting its technical ex-pertise to oil and gas op-erations. In fact, 63 percentof its gearing revenue camefrom oil and gas in the thirdquarter of 2011, with windmaking up 37 percent.

“Compare that to (thesame quarter in 2010), andthat was switched back-ward, with wind-gearingrevenue getting about two-thirds, and oil/gas-gearingrevenue getting one-third,”Morris said.

“They don’t really havemuch of a choice when noone is building windtowers,” Morris said.

“It still remains to be seenhow much they can shifttheir oil and gas (gearing)away from wind (gearing),”Morris said, because of thelapsed tax credit.

Craig Sterling, managingdirector and head of globalequity research at NewYork-based EVA Dimen-sions LLC, said his firmupgraded its rating ofBroadwind’s stock last No-vember from “hold” to“sell.”

“The primary reason forthe increase to hold was onvaluation and improving ...economic profit aftercleaning up accounting dis-tortions and capitalcharges,” Sterling said.

“We estimate that 98percent of the value ofBWEN is from future EVA(equity value added)growth, which is a veryaggressive projection,” Ster-ling said.

ksamuelson@tribune.com

Investing looks at a localinvestor’s portfolio or theperformance of a localcompany’s stock. Sendsuggestions, questions orcomments to businessvoices@tribune.com.

SNAPSHOT

Winds of change atBroadwind EnergyBy Kristin SamuelsonTribune reporter

SOURCE: Thomson Reuters, LIPPER Layout production: Custom Flow Solutions

How the region’s Top 100 companies faredResults based on market capitalization of

Illinois and northwest Indiana public

companies as of Friday, Feb 24, 2012.

Market cap %

change

Stock %

return

Market capitalizationin millions of dollars

RANK/COMPANY CLOSE CAP WEEK 1-YR

1 McDonald’s 100.32 103,151 + 1.56 + 37.8

2 Abbott Labs 56.70 88,508 + 1.73 + 25.5

3 Caterpillar 116.00 75,243 + 2.11 + 18.0

4 Kraft Foods 37.88 67,101 - 0.68 + 23.6

5 Boeing 76.06 56,563 + 0.77 + 10.5

6 Potash 46.53 40,159 + 1.88 - 17.7

7 Deere 83.27 33,925 + 1.19 - 2.8

8 Baxter Intl. 57.64 31,909 - 0.33 + 12.0

9 Walgreen 33.86 29,673 - 0.79 - 15.4

10 Ill. Tool Works 55.92 27,256 - 0.02 + 9.0

11 Exelon 39.27 25,896 - 1.21 - 5.6

12 Arch. Dan. Mid. 31.96 21,000 + 1.63 - 9.6

13 CME Group 292.39 19,371 - 1.31 - 3.2

14 Equity Residential 58.06 17,239 - 1.06 + 11.0

15 Ventas 56.00 16,402 - 1.41 + 5.6

16 Discover Fin. Svcs. 30.19 15,920 + 1.56 + 44.9

17 Mead Johnson 78.02 15,755 + 1.42 + 33.6

18 Motorola Solut. 49.43 15,749 + 0.81 + 34.8

19 Allstate 31.36 15,741 + 0.06 + 3.1

20 Aon 47.53 15,573 + 1.28 - 6.1

21 General Growth 16.73 15,564 - 2.23 + 14.0

22 W.W. Grainger 207.29 14,505 - 0.44 + 61.4

23 Groupon 19.50 12,367 - 4.48 n/a

24 CF Industries 183.88 12,248 + 6.50 + 40.5

25 Dover 65.67 12,044 - 1.55 + 5.3

26 Sara Lee 20.27 12,009 + 0.20 + 22.1

27 Motorola Mobility 39.73 11,999 + 0.90 + 33.5

28 Northern Trust 43.86 10,575 + 0.07 - 14.1

29 CNH Global 43.79 10,443 + 0.48 - 5.8

30 Beam 55.60 8,608 - 1.72 + 19.7

31 CNA Financial 28.60 7,725 + 0.16 + 1.4

32 Stericycle 89.23 7,598 + 1.92 + 5.4

33 Hyatt Hotels 42.10 6,943 - 1.88 - 6.1

34 United Cont. 20.41 6,854 - 12.41 - 9.4

35 NiSource 23.68 6,623 + 1.99 + 31.1

36 Sears 68.31 6,605 + 12.65 - 28.7

37 Hospira 36.16 5,990 - 4.11 - 31.1

38 Ulta Salon 81.94 5,162 - 0.91 + 103.3

39 Nicor 40.37 4,799 - 0.27 + 13.7

40 LKQ 32.37 4,778 - 0.24 + 30.7

41 Molex 27.40 4,438 - 0.69 + 5.0

42 Corn Products 56.87 4,338 + 0.26 + 23.8

43 Integrys Energy 54.41 4,248 + 0.37 + 17.2

44 SXC Health Sol. 70.99 4,202 + 9.93 + 44.8

45 U.S. Cellular 45.30 3,999 - 0.88 + 1.3

46 A. J. Gallagher 34.51 3,988 - 0.55 + 17.5

47 Allscripts 19.52 3,700 - 9.08 - 3.9

48 Jones Lang 81.31 3,584 - 1.15 - 13.6

49 Idex 42.50 3,571 - 0.21 + 9.2

50 Aptargroup 53.23 3,512 + 0.78 + 13.1

51 FBHS 19.41 3,118 + 2.65 n/a

52 Tele. & Data Sys 27.30 3,103 - 0.17 - 3.1

53 Navistar 43.31 3,012 - 0.62 - 28.0

54 Morningstar 60.10 3,001 - 2.83 + 3.3

55 Packaging of Am. 28.93 2,872 - 2.35 + 4.8

56 Equity Lifestyle 67.63 2,748 - 2.39 + 21.8

57 Old Republic Int’l 10.68 2,723 - 0.76 - 8.9

58 CBOE Holdings 27.65 2,477 + 1.23 + 7.6

59 DeVry 36.99 2,437 - 0.70 - 30.6

60 R.R. Donnelley 14.10 2,419 - 3.53 - 20.1

61 Tenneco 38.98 2,366 + 0.77 - 2.1

62 Anixter Int’l 69.54 2,275 - 0.79 + 0.0

63 Brunswick 24.16 2,123 - 2.46 + 7.2

64 TreeHouse Foods 58.12 2,108 + 3.16 + 15.2

65 GATX 43.12 2,012 - 1.84 + 28.8

66 Zebra Tech. 38.64 2,006 - 1.28 + 2.9

67 Middleby 99.95 1,869 + 1.66 + 14.6

68 Kemper 28.96 1,749 + 1.07 + 6.6

69 RLI 71.52 1,499 - 0.60 + 26.4

70 Tellabs 3.99 1,463 - 1.23 - 22.5

71 USG 13.40 1,447 - 2.90 - 16.3

72 Hub Group 35.93 1,369 + 1.33 + 5.3

73 WMS Industries 22.98 1,272 - 5.59 - 42.4

74 United Stationers 28.81 1,246 - 3.25 - 8.8

75 Wintrust Fin. 33.54 1,216 - 0.29 + 3.2

76 Akorn 12.72 1,216 + 1.91 + 146.5

77 Strategic Hotels 6.34 1,207 + 3.17 + 2.8

78 Littelfuse 54.50 1,175 - 0.46 + 9.0

79 Cabot Microelect. 50.88 1,160 - 1.83 + 5.2

80 MB Financial 20.11 1,116 - 0.15 - 0.1

81 Titan Int’l 25.14 1,070 + 1.56 + 26.3

82 Privatebancorp 14.50 1,055 + 0.89 + 1.4

83 First Industrial 12.01 1,052 + 0.50 + 8.3

84 Amcol Int’l 29.79 959 + 0.23 + 3.8

85 KapStone 20.53 937 + 1.41 + 28.3

86 AAR 22.76 898 - 1.81 - 14.8

87 Stepan 85.98 885 - 0.39 + 25.6

88 Tootsie Roll 23.84 881 - 0.99 - 12.2

89 Career Education 11.93 874 + 3.88 - 49.4

90 First Midwest 11.52 868 - 1.10 - 2.3

91 Huron Consulting 38.80 866 + 1.19 + 32.3

92 Inland Real Estate 8.93 797 - 0.99 + 4.9

93 Navigant Cons. 13.90 734 - 0.42 + 46.1

94 Horace Mann 17.27 683 + 1.72 + 5.7

95 Acco Brands 12.29 681 + 2.67 + 49.3

96 Consolidated Com 19.05 566 - 0.89 + 15.8

97 Innerworkings 11.40 550 + 0.69 + 42.5

98 Landauer 56.37 537 + 3.42 - 3.6

99 OfficeMax 5.68 520 + 8.44 - 56.4

100 John Bean Tech. 17.78 512 + 0.39 + 0.7

STOCK CLOSE CHANGE

3M 88.20 +0.64Accenture 59.65 +1.22Altria Group 29.99 +0.34Amazon.com 179.13 –3.37American Express 53.33 +0.47Amgen 67.73 –0.05AT&T 30.34 +0.33Berkshire A 120,000 +810.00Berkshire B 80.04 +0.62BP 46.99 –0.63Bristol Myers 32.60 –0.52Chevron 109.08 +2.42Coca-Cola 69.00 –0.05Colgate 93.30 +0.05ConocoPhillips 75.95 +2.59CVS Caremark 44.07 –0.20DIRECTV 45.61 +0.63Dow Chemical 33.82 –1.18eBay 36.36 +1.30EMC 27.52 +0.42Emerson Electric 50.88 –0.62Exxon Mobil 87.34 +1.72Goldman Sachs 115.87 –0.04Google 609.90 +5.26Home Depot 46.98 +0.27IBM 197.76 +4.34Johnson Johnson 64.46 –0.53Lowes 27.16 –0.52MasterCard 415.61 +19.61Medtronic 38.12 –1.82Merck 38.20 –0.36Monsanto 79.52 +0.18News 20.17 –0.08Procter & Gamble 66.71 +1.80PepsiCo 63.31 +0.63Philip Morris 83.02 +1.28Qualcomm 63.44 +0.92Schlumberger 79.85 +2.11Suncor Energy 36.96 +2.67Teva Pharm Ind 44.59 –0.06Time Warner 37.69 –0.01UnitedHealth 55.65 +0.97US Bancorp 28.73 –0.62UTC 83.97 +0.19Verizon 38.14 –0.32Wal-Mart 58.79 –3.69Walt Disney 41.31 –0.44

Based on institutional ownership

Widely held

+33.08(+0.26%)

12,982.95

12,949.87

13,013.82

12,882.67

13100

13000

12900

12800

13500

13000

12500

12000

+4.51(+0.33%)

1,365.74

1,361.23

1,368.92

1,352.28

1380

1370

1360

1350

1400

1360

1320

1280

+11.97(+0.41%)

2,963.75

2,951.78

2,970.88

2,922.96

3000

2960

2920

2880

3000

2900

2800

2700

NYSE Comp.

+37.458,151.96

S&P Midcap

+0.76985.36

Russell 2000

-1.76826.92

10-yr. T-Bond

-0.031.98%

Gold

+50.60$1775.10

Euro

+0.0300$1.3441

Crude oil

+6.53$109.77

The last six weeks

M Tu W Th F M Tu W Th F M Tu W Th F

Dow Jones

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The last six weeks

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Nasdaq

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High

Low

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20 27 3 10 17 24 20 27 3 10 17 24 20 27 3 10 17 24JANUARY FEBRUARY JANUARY FEBRUARY JANUARY FEBRUARY

Most activeNEW YORK STOCK EXCHANGE

Bank of America 7.88 -0.14Sprint Nextel 2.47 +0.17GE 19.24 -0.04Ford Motor c 12.23 -0.52Citigroup IN 32.35 -0.57Hewlett Packard 26.64 -2.95Weatherford Intl 16.50 -1.29Pfizer 21.18 -0.01Wells Fargo & Co 30.18 -0.91MGM Resorts 14.00 -0.66JPMorgan Ch 38.28 -0.19Alcoa 10.43 +0.28Chesapeake Enrgy 25.45 +0.74

STOCK CLOSE CHANGE

NASDAQ STOCK MARKET

Sirius XM 2.20 +0.06Microsoft 31.48 +0.23Intel 26.70 -0.67Cisco Systems 20.14 -0.15Dell 17.43 -0.73Frontier. 4.64 -0.14VIVUS 22.13 +10.14Oracle 29.25 +0.46Micron 7.95 -0.48Yahoo 14.89 -0.12Apple 522.41 +20.29Applied Material 12.63 -0.36Comcast 29.19 +0.02

STOCK CLOSE CHANGE

EXCHANGE TRADED FUNDS

SPDR S&P 500 ETF 136.93 +.52Sel Sector Finl S SPDR 14.67 -.12iShrs MSCI Emerg Mkt 44.19 +.26iShrs Russ 2000 Idx 82.64 -.15iPath ETN SP500 VIX ST A 25.05 -1.55iShrs MSCI EAFE Idx 55.15 +.63Van MSCI Em Mkt ETF 44.51 +.23Dirx Sm Cap Bear 3X 18.39 +.05IShares Silver Trust 34.37 +2.09iShrs MSCI Japan 10.07 +.10ProShrs UlS S&P 500 16.17 -.09Sel Sector Energy SPDR 76.23 +1.36United States Oil Fund 42.01 +2.26

STOCK CLOSE CHANGE

FUND NAV CHG 1-YR FUND NAV CHG 1-YR

PIMCO Tot Rtn Inst 11.10 +0.01 +2.2Vanguard T StMk Idx Inv 34.34 +0.10 +3.3American Funds Gro A 32.17 +0.13 +1.0Fidelity Contrafund 74.48 +0.73 +5.5Vanguard Instl Indx Inst 125.34 +0.46 +3.5American Funds CIB A 51.31 +0.41 +1.3American Funds Inc A 17.46 +0.08 +1.8Vanguard 500 Index Adm 126.16 +0.46 +3.5American Funds CWGI A 35.42 +0.35 -3.3American Funds ICA A 29.45 +0.09 +0.5Dodge & Cox Intl Stock 33.20 +0.41 -9.4Dodge & Cox Stock 112.56 -0.50 -1.7American Funds Wash A 30.03 +0.11 +5.8American Funds EuPc A 39.63 +0.46 -6.2Franklin Cust Inc A 2.17 +0.01 -4.0Vanguard Tot I Stk Inv 14.79 +0.19 -8.5American Funds FInv A 38.77 +0.24 +0.4American Funds Bal A 19.40 +0.06 +4.1American Funds NPer A 29.22 +0.31 -1.2Vanguard Tot Bd Adm 11.03 +0.02 +4.5Vanguard Wellington Adm 57.28 +0.13 +2.7Fidelity Gro Company 93.85 +1.11 +6.4Templeton Gl Bond Adv 13.21 +0.05 -2.1Fidelity Low-Prcd Stk 40.13 +0.05 +0.1Dodge & Cox Income 13.65 +0.04 +2.2Vanguard Int-Tm TxEx Adm 14.25 -0.03 +7.1American Funds Bond A 12.69 +0.02 +4.2Harbor Intl Inst 60.65 +0.97 -2.6T Rowe Price Gro Stk 36.08 +0.41 +6.8Vanguard Sh-Tm Inv Adm 10.74 +0.01 -0.4Vanguard GNMA Adm 11.06 -0.01 +3.2Fidelity Dvsd Intl 28.70 +0.44 -7.9Vanguard Windsor II Inv 27.86 -0.02 +2.7T Rowe Price Eq Inc 25.01 -0.05 +0.4Fidelity Sp S&P 500 Inv 48.47 +0.17 +3.5PIMCO All Asset Inst 12.30 +0.08 +0.3Fidelity Freedom 2020 14.06 +0.09 -1.1T Rowe Price MC Gr 58.75 +0.20 -6.2Oakmark Eqty & Inc I 29.09 +0.17 +1.5BlackRock Gl Alloc A 19.67 +0.13 -1.4Vanguard Tgt Ret2025 Inv 13.24 +0.06 +1.5PIMCO Comm RR Str Inst 7.12 +0.20 -26.0Vanguard PRIMECAP Inv 66.99 +0.01 -2.9Fidelity Srs Inv Gd Bd 11.76 +0.02 +3.2Fidelity Balanced 19.47 +0.10 +3.0Fidelity Puritan 19.08 +0.08 +2.3Fidelity Magellan Fund 70.59 +0.43 -6.5Vanguard Infl-Prot Inv 14.38 +0.05 +9.5Permanent Port Permanent 49.72 +0.64 +6.1T Rowe Price New Inc 9.75 +0.02 +3.0Vanguard Tgt Ret2015 Inv 13.08 +0.06 +2.5Davis NY Venture A 35.43 +0.03 n.a.Vanguard Ins T StMk Ins+ 31.10 +0.10 +3.4American Funds SMCP A 38.42 +0.44 -0.9Vanguard STAR Inv 20.19 +0.09 +2.6American Funds AMCP A 20.83 +0.07 +5.6PIMCO Low Dur Inst 10.41 n.a. -0.1First Eagle Global A 48.94 +0.33 +2.9T Rowe Price Eq Idx500 36.90 +0.14 +3.5Vanguard Wellesley Adm 57.18 +0.17 +6.5American Funds Mut A 27.26 +0.04 +3.9Dodge & Cox Balanced 73.45 -0.20 -0.4Fidelity Freedom 2030 13.93 +0.10 -2.3Lazard Emg Mkt Eq Inst 19.92 +0.13 -2.5American Funds NWld A 52.08 +0.44 -1.9Vanguard Health Care Adm 56.65 +0.09 +5.7DFA Emg Mkts Value I 31.21 -0.05 -8.8Franklin CA TF Inc A 7.33 +0.01 +10.1American Funds HI A 11.08 +0.06 -4.0Vanguard Tgt Ret2020 Inv 23.24 +0.11 +2.0Fidelity Str Adv Intl 8.57 +0.12 -7.9Vanguard Ltd-Tm TxEx Adm 11.21 -0.01 +2.0Fidelity Total Bond 11.02 +0.02 +2.4T Rowe Price Value 24.72 -0.12 -0.5Columbia Acorn Z 31.45 +0.09 +0.8JPMorgan Core Bond Sel 11.93 +0.02 +3.9Fidelity Blue Chip Gr 48.48 +0.42 +1.6Vanguard Tgt Ret2035 Inv 13.69 +0.07 +0.5Loomis Sayles Bd Inst 14.64 n.a. +0.8Thornburg Intl Val I 27.54 +0.26 -6.8Vanguard Intl Gro Inv 18.73 +0.25 -4.3Templeton Growth A 18.23 +0.14 -2.6T Rowe Price Cap App 22.09 +0.05 +4.5Schwab Cap S&P 500 Idx 21.32 +0.08 +3.5T Rowe Price BC Gro 43.62 +0.43 +8.0Vanguard Int-Tm Inv Adm 10.17 +0.02 +2.4PIMCO Uncons Inst 11.02 n.a. -1.2T Rowe Price Ret 2020 17.33 +0.10 +1.6JPMorgan Str Inc Opp Sel 11.57 +0.03 -3.8Fidelity Capital & Inc 9.19 +0.05 -6.4Harbor Cap Apprec Inst 42.04 +0.45 +9.6Oppenheimer Dev Mkts A 33.75 +0.35 -1.4J Hancock II Ls Bal 1 13.15 +0.05 -1.1Fidelity Freedom 2025 11.70 +0.08 -1.8Fairholme Fairholme 28.84 +1.15 -18.9J Hancock II Ls Gro 1 13.08 +0.06 -1.6Vanguard Tgt Ret2030 Inv 22.74 +0.12 +1.1GMO Quality VI 23.37 +0.12 +13.0Vanguard Sh-Tm Tx-Ex Adm 15.95 n.a. +0.6Fidelity Strat Inc 11.10 +0.07 -0.7Fidelity Inc GNMA 11.83 -0.02 +3.3PIMCO High Yield Inst 9.32 +0.06 -1.8Fidelity Dividend Gr 29.62 +0.10 -1.1PIMCO Real Rtn Inst 12.06 +0.04 +5.4Fidelity Str Adv Core 11.86 +0.04 -0.6Fidelity Freedom 2010 13.91 +0.08 -0.3Vanguard HY Corp Adm 5.88 +0.03 +1.2Vanguard LS Mod Gro Inv 20.44 +0.10 +1.4Franklin Fed TF Inc A 12.45 +0.01 +9.3DoubleLine Tot Rtn I 11.22 +0.02 +1.5American Funds CWBd A 21.14 +0.12 +2.7Met West Total Return I 10.53 +0.02 +1.0

Based on total assets

Largest mutual funds

Fidelity Freedom K 2020 13.32 +0.09 -2.1Vanguard Sh-Tm Bd Sig 10.63 n.a. +0.9Fidelity Freedom 2015 11.62 +0.07 -0.3Fidelity Sh-Tm Bond 8.53 n.a. +0.8Fidelity Equity-Inc 44.37 +0.07 -4.9T Rowe Price Ret 2030 18.27 +0.11 +1.3Fidelity Srs All-Sctr 12.40 +0.08 -7.0Fidelity Freedom 2040 8.06 +0.07 -3.2T Rowe Price New Hzns 35.24 +0.33 -0.8T Rowe Price MC Vl 23.65 +0.03 -4.9Vanguard LS Growth Inv 22.94 +0.12 +0.2Ivy Asset Strategy A 25.49 +0.28 +2.4Longleaf Partners Fund 29.54 -0.28 -4.7Fidelity Discpln Eq 23.61 +0.06 -0.1Invesco VK Eq & Inc A 8.80 -0.03 -2.2Harbor Bond Inst 12.47 +0.02 +2.5Spartan US Bond Id Inv 11.82 +0.02 +4.5JPMorgan High Yield Sel 7.94 +0.05 -5.4Mutual Gl Discovery A 28.91 -0.02 -4.6Fidelity Intl Discvry 30.78 +0.42 -9.0Mutual Shares Z 21.45 +0.05 -1.5MainStay Lg Cap Gro I 7.99 +0.10 +4.4Fidelity Srs Lg Cap Vl 11.02 +0.03 -11.3Fidelity Str Adv Gro 12.76 +0.13 +3.9Oakmark Internatl I 19.39 +0.37 -5.1DFA 1-Year Fixed I 10.32 n.a. -0.1DFA Intl Sm Cap Val I 15.97 +0.33 -10.6Fidelity Str Adv Cre Inc 10.72 +0.02 +2.0Vanguard Windsor Inv 14.16 -0.05 -1.1Janus Perkins MCV T 22.14 +0.08 -6.1Lord Abbett Sh Dur A 4.59 n.a. -0.4Manning&Napier Wld Opp A 7.71 +0.19 -15.0T Rowe Price Int St Sh 14.05 +0.17 -2.6Vanguard Intl Val Inv 30.23 +0.35 -9.2Fidelity Adv New Ins I 22.00 +0.20 +4.9Scout Intl 31.62 +0.38 -4.8Fidelity Str Adv Value 14.19 n.a. -0.2Artisan Mid Cap Vl Inv 21.52 +0.12 -0.6T Rowe Price HY 6.77 +0.05 -2.3Artisan Internatl Inv 22.56 +0.26 +1.4Vanguard LS Cons Gro Inv 16.97 +0.07 +1.5American Funds TE Bd A 12.82 -0.01 +8.7BlackRock Eqty Div I 19.22 +0.06 +4.6PIMCO Em Local Bd Inst 10.91 +0.03 +4.5Eaton Vance LC Val A 18.39 +0.01 -1.9FPA Crescent 28.25 n.a. +2.4DFA US Lg Cap Val I 21.29 +0.05 -2.1American Funds Intm A 13.68 n.a. +2.1Franklin Cust Govt A 6.90 -0.01 +2.5Vanguard Energy Adm 125.63 +2.06 -8.1Oppenheimer Intl Bd A 6.38 +0.01 -1.4T Rowe Price SC Stk 35.11 +0.06 -3.1PIMCO Short-Term Inst 9.77 n.a. -1.1Fidelity Asset Mgr 50% 16.04 +0.08 +1.3Oppenheimer Glbl Fd A 60.27 +0.68 -5.3Fidelity Srs 100 Index 9.58 +0.05 +4.4Vanguard Lg-Tm Inv Adm 10.46 +0.09 +12.7Vanguard Md-Cp Idx Inst 22.05 +0.01 +2.0Oppenhmr/Roch Muni A 16.54 -0.02 +11.3T Rowe Price Ret 2025 12.71 +0.08 +1.4Fidelity Freedom 2035 11.55 +0.09 -3.0Fidelity Value Fund 71.21 -0.19 -2.1JPMorgan Sh Dur Bd Sel 10.99 n.a. +0.2Vanguard Tgt Ret2045 Inv 14.12 +0.07 +0.5T Rowe Price Spec Inc 12.68 +0.04 +1.5Vanguard Lg-Tm Tx-Ex Adm 11.57 -0.02 +8.6Fidelity Srs High Inc 9.92 +0.07 N/AFidelity Srs Comm Str 9.50 +0.23 -26.2Fidelity Freedom K 2030 13.62 +0.10 -3.3Vanguard Div Gro Inv 16.20 +0.05 +8.6Hussman Inv Strat Gro 11.73 -0.10 -2.0PIMCO All Ast Ath Inst 10.81 +0.09 +1.2Fidelity Sp Itl Ix Inv 33.33 +0.52 -9.8Oppenheimer Gl Str Inc A 4.23 +0.02 -2.1Fidelity OTC 62.95 +0.45 +5.8Vanguard Explorer Inv 80.99 +0.14 +4.2Fidelity Mid-Cap Stock 30.02 +0.06 n.a.T Rowe Price SC Val Sh 38.11 -0.15 +0.9TIF For Equity Prm 18.94 +0.20 -9.7Vanguard Ext Mk Id Inst 44.53 -0.01 +1.8DFA US Small Cap Val I 26.13 -0.14 -3.9GMO Emerging Mkts VI 11.95 +0.05 -16.6Fidelity Muni Income 13.28 n.a. +8.2PIMCO Long Dur TR Inst 11.86 +0.09 +10.1American Funds NEco A 26.97 +0.18 +2.5T Rowe Price Ret 2015 12.50 +0.07 +1.6T Rowe Price ShTm Bd 4.84 n.a. -0.2T Rowe Price Int EM St 32.82 +0.16 -2.1Vanguard Morgan Gro Inv 19.80 +0.15 +4.4Fidelity Float Rate HI 9.80 +0.01 -0.9Franklin TF Hi Yld A 10.58 n.a. +10.2Franklin NY TF Inc A 12.03 -0.01 +7.6DFA Intl Sm Co I 15.91 +0.32 -10.3Amer Cent Ultra Inv 25.58 +0.20 +7.4Vanguard Sm-Cp Idx Adm 37.42 -0.06 +1.5Hartfd Cap Appr A 32.78 -0.14 -7.9Yacktman Fund 18.39 -0.03 +5.6JPMorgan US LCC + Sel 21.92 +0.05 +1.7Vanguard Tgt Ret2040 Inv 22.50 +0.13 +0.5Natixis LS Str Inc A 15.11 -0.01 +0.3Fidelity Sp Tot Mk Inv 39.63 +0.11 +3.3T Rowe Price New Era 47.64 +0.89 -15.1Vanguard Prc M&M Inv 22.24 +0.76 -14.8S Bernstein Intmdt Dur 13.91 +0.03 +1.2Lord Abbett Affilted A 11.55 n.a. -5.4DFA 5-Year Gl Fixed I 11.04 +0.03 +1.5DFA US Core Eq 2 I 11.73 n.a. +0.8PIMCO EM Currency Inst 10.55 +0.07 -0.9T Rowe Price Ret 2040 18.42 +0.12 +1.1Eaton Vance Flt Rt Ins 8.97 +0.01 -1.4Artisan Mid Cap Inv 38.93 +0.33 +10.8Vanguard Int-Tm Bd Adm 11.86 +0.02 +6.1

INVESTING

Product: CTBroadsheet PubDate: 02-26-2012 Zone: ALL Edition: SUN Page: BIZWALL1-8 User: grejohnson Time: 02-25-2012 17:45 Color: CMYK

MONEY & REAL ESTATE

S CN Sunday, January 1, 2012 | Section 7

The amount of debt that’s beingcarried by certain consumers inthis country is growing by about$2,800 a second.

It’s not mortgage debt, and it’snot credit card debt. Those aretwo financial time bombs we’ve(kind of) gotten a handle on, bysome analysts’ reckoning. No,this credit menace is student loandebt, which is pushing $1trillion,according to FinAid.org, a site

dedicated to college financial aidinformation that has created a“Student Loan Debt Clock”where, if you like to be uncom-fortable, you can watch this debtas it piles up, at a rate FinAidpegs at around $2,800 a second.

Potential ripple effects arenumerous, including whether ageneration will be able to buyhomes, said Rick Palacios Jr.,senior research analyst for John

Burns RealEstate Consult-ing, an Irvine,Calif., companythat analyzessocial and eco-nomic trendsfor the housingindustry. Hetalked abouthow the burden

of student loan debt is likely to

put homeownership out of reachfor many grads.

Q: How much student loandebt is out there these days?

A: The Federal Reserve Bank ofNew York recently revised a lot ofits data, and it announced it hadbeen understating student loandebt by a couple hundred billion

Student debt weighs on housing industry

Mary UmbergerOn Real Estate

Palacios

Please turn to Page 2

KEITH CLAXTON/TRIBUNE NEWSPAPERS ILLUSTRATION

Make 2012 the year to get money right.For those who have been procrastinating

or worrying, and maybe both, the key is toget started. You may think you are an oddi-ty by letting good intentions go unfulfilledand hoping for the best. But you aren’t.Dartmouth College studies show that mostof us blunder through our finances — notbecause we don’t have enough money, butbecause we wait and hope, rather thantaking the modest steps that will ultimatelyfree us from worry, regret and losses.

Here’s how to move forward, but a wordof caution: If you feel overwhelmed bythese steps, do not allow yourself to beparalyzed. Rather, start small. The entirepackage laid out here will make your fi-nancial life better in the long run and giveyou a sense of control. But starting withjust one or two items will give you prog-ress.

If you do nothing else, saving a littlemore than you now do for emergencies andretirement is a start. Paying a little moreeach month than the minimum on yourcredit cards will help a lot if you don’t addnew charges. So here are the steps to makeit work:

Adjust your approachOften people who struggle with money

feel like they get nowhere because theydon’t have enough money. That might bethe case if they’ve been out of a job.But often it’s simply the bum-bling along that’s the prob-lem. They try to pay thebills when they arrive,and they spend whenthey think they shouldmake a purchase.Then, money neverseems to stretch farenough even if they

think they are being frugal.That’s true for the affluentas well as those with smallpaychecks.

So start fresh. Try thebudgeting approach out-lined in Liz Weston’s excel-lent book “The 10 Com-mandments of Money,” anduse the easy calculator attinyurl.com/cp54pyw tomove beyond good in-tentions.

This approach requiresthat you spend just 50 per-cent of your pay after taxeson essentials, or “musthaves” such as housing,food, utilities, insurance,child care, tuition, telephone, transporta-tion and minimum loan payments. Then,devote 30 percent to items you “want”:vacations, gifts, eating out. And 20 percentgoes immediately — not as an afterthought— to saving for emergencies and retire-ment, plus paying down more than theminimum on debts.

So if you earn $3,000 a month aftertaxes, you have $1,500 a month for neces-sities, $900 for wants and $600 to save.

Don’t fool yourselfIf you cheat on the amounts, you will be

cruel to yourself in the long run — perhapssetting up a cycle in which you always feellike you are sinking deeper in debt. If youhave no emergencysavings and thecar needs

tires, you will whip out thecredit card and then strug-gle with higher chargesthan those that might besickening you already.

And if you think you willsave later for retirement,consider what people actu-ally do: “Later” tends tonever arrive, and nearretirement, people panic.Living on Social Securitychecks averaging less than$1,200 a month isn’t pleas-ant, and people in their 70scan’t easily find jobs. Dothe “ballpark estimate” atchoosetosave.org to seewhat you will need for

retirement and how to get there. To pro-vide $25,000 a year for retirement livingexpenses, you will need about $500,000 intotal savings in a 401(k), individual retire-ment account or both. A 25-year-oldshould be able to get there by saving $25every week and investing it in a “balancedfund” like the Vanguard Balanced IndexFund or T. Rowe Price Balanced Fund. Butif you can live on $25,000 today, an equiva-lent 40 years from now will be about$81,000 because of inflation, so keep usingpart of every pay raise to save more. See theeffect of inflation: tinyurl.com/chsdlpk.

Nothing left to save?If you find that you are spending more

than 50 percent on necessities now andcan’t save for your future, start looking for

cuts. You need a home, but maybe not theone you intend to buy. If you are rent-

ing, maybe you can bring in a room-mate. If you are locked into a mort-gage, you could consider renting outa room. Or if you see no way to cutback on housing costs, where canyou cut? You need transportation,but not the car of your dreams.

Do you have Internet at home, at workand on your phone? Cutting here mightgive you $100 a month, and a 35-year-oldwho invested it in a balanced fund everymonth might have about $200,000 forretirement. Natalie McNeal, author of “TheFrugalista Files,” writes about how shepaid off about $20,000 in credit card debtover a couple of years by being deliberate —strategies like turning lights off beforegoing to bed, skipping pedicures and cook-ing rather than eating out. Ask yourself thequestion financial planner Sue Stevens asksherself once a year: “What am I buying thatdoes not give me pleasure?” She stops theunnecessary spending and invests it im-mediately.

Make your plan happenGoing through this analysis will do you

no good if the money doesn’t end up inyour savings account, your 401(k) retire-ment savings plan at work or an IRA.

To keep yourself from spending thesavings, set up automatic deposits that takemoney from your pay and route it directlyto your bank, 401(k) at work, or a mutualfund company or broker in the case of anIRA. You won’t spend what you don’ttouch on payday.

Don’t just save — investOnce you’ve gone through the effort of

saving, make sure every penny counts.Keep emergency money in a bank account.But to make retirement savings grow,choose a combination of mutual funds thatexpose your money to stocks and bonds ina 401(k) or IRA. A balanced fund putsroughly 60 percent of your money in stocksand 40 percent in bonds. You will losemoney temporarily in a bad period like2008, but historically money in such a fundhas grown about 8 percent annually. If youare in your mid-30s and have $10,000 in

retirement savings in a bank savingsaccount, you will be lucky if it’s

$11,000 by retirement. In a bal-anced fund, that same $10,000would likely grow to six figures.Try tinyurl.com/c3j4shl.

gmarksjarvis@tribune.com

Gail MarksJarvisOn Money

On Monday,March 5, GailMarksJarviswill help youanswer press-ing financial

questions, including “Howmuch money will I need toretire?” and “How do Iestablish a balanced port-folio?” The event will takeplace at 6 p.m. at the Trib-une Tower, 435 N. Michi-gan Ave. Tickets are $50.Reserve a spot at Tribnation.com/events.

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4 S U N D AYM A R C H 2 7 , 2 0 0 5

C H I C A G O L A N D ~ ♦

I ’m tired. I am so, so tired.I’ve sometimes thought that death

was really just fatigue. Extreme fa-tigue. The ultimate fatigue. The liverand the lungs, the cerebrum and theheart surrendering out of weariness.Too much work for the pay. The whiteflag fluttering on the exhausted finalbreath.

Death. What a word. As familiar aslife itself. So out of the mind’s reach.

Death. My death. Now?No.From somewhere, I hear that sound:

NO. Where’s it coming from? From in-side or out? I can’t hear clearly. I lie inthis hospital bed, drowning in the noise.

I can’t imagine dying, but then I’vegotten used to so many things I neverhad imagined. And my dying would beeasier on everybody—on my body—wouldn’t it?

At any rate, that’s the kind of thing Iused to think— before my body was anational debate trophy. I used to thinkthat just before their final bow and exit,dying people made a weary choice: Becourteous to others. Set yourself free.Leave.

Leave to go where? Who knows? Idon’t. You don’t. All those people fight-ing over me do not.

And anyway, most of them aren’tfighting over me, not really. They’refighting over themselves, for them-selves. For their lives. Their life views.I’m the trigger they can coil a fingeraround, the ammunition they can fire.

What’s my name? Terri, Karen, Nan-cy, your name here. Call me what youwant. I’ve become your invention. Acommodity in the news cycle. More

symbol than personnow.

Maybe this isn’t evenme talking. Maybe it’syou talking to yourself.Or maybe it’s some-thing independent ofmy dying body talkingto us both: my soul?

Do I have one? Asoul? If I do, what doesit matter if my bodygoes? If I don’t, whatdoes it matter if mybody goes? Just ques-tions.

I’m not convincedany of us really knowsour soul. It’s so hard togo that deep inside, todig in the dark downthrough the rocks andrubble, all the obstaclesof flesh, to see andtouch the core.

I never fully knewmy body either—whodoes?—but I knew the

feel of it, the good days and the bad onesand its image in the mirror. Funny howeven in the good times a body neverquite looks like who you feel yourself tobe. No matter how hard I tried, my bodynever looked totally like me.

And now it looks like this.Look at me. What do you see? Your

daughter? Your lover? Your sister? Yournightmare? I miss being pretty.

God, I’m tired.God. I keep hearing that word. It’s all

so loud.Still, I listen. I think I’m the only one

listening. Around me, everyone isshouting. Shouting at the deaf. Strang-ers, shouting for dear life. My dear life.

And my parents. God, I love my par-ents. They fight for me, out of principleand pride and love. But they don’t knowme. The man I loved, my friends, theydon’t know me any better either, justdifferently.

The truth is, I’m alone. Unknown, inthe way we all are. Alone, unknown andfamous. Life’s little ironies.

Here’s something I wonder: If it’s truethat “I think therefore I am,” does itmean that if I’m not thinking then Idon’t exist?

Death is the only thing more myste-rious than thought. Brilliant humansthat we are, we still can’t read anotherperson’s mind. We still can’t swear thatit’s possible to be breathing and notthinking.

Most people will forget about mesoon. They’re tired too. Of me. Of argu-ing over me. They’ll move on. I’ll moveon.

The fear of vanishing makes me sick.But I could use the rest.

I would like to have been rememberedfor my life, not for my approach todeath. But I’ll have to live with that. Be-fore I go, one last thought:

Whatever you think I want and need,whether or not you think I think—that’ssomething you made up. You tried tospeak for me, but you couldn’t.

You did not, do not, know me.

Death is theonly thingmoremysteriousthanthought.Brillianthumansthat weare, we stillcan’t readanotherperson’smind.

Who’s to knowthe thoughtsof the dying?

Mary Schmich

By James JanegaTribune staff reporter

T he tower will soar abovethe skyline, but rightnow there is only an open

space by the Chicago River, ahome to construction equip-ment and a matter of fascina-tion to neighbors.

Construction of the TrumpInternational Hotel & TowerChicago will offer a three-yearspectacle of modern construc-tion as the building climbs,level by level, above its neigh-bors and into the ranks of theworld’s tallest buildings.When done, it will stand as tallas the John Hancock Centereven before its controversialspire is added.

In full view of onlookers, theformer Chicago Sun-Timesbuilding disappeared from itslongtime spot in a matter ofmonths.

Now, passersby watch asdrills the size of telephonebooths spin into muddyground where the newspaperoffices once stood, spewingdamp earth into piles thatsteam briefly in the chilly air.

Unlike Chicago’s otherthree giants—the Sears Tower,the Aon Center and the Han-cock building—the Trumptower will be supported not bya framework of steel but by aspine and outriggers of con-crete.

Without high-quality con-crete, the structure would nev-er support the building’s360,000-ton bulk—the weightof four aircraft carriers.

Without new chemical proc-esses that make the wet ce-ment more fluid or new pump-ing techniques to move it, itcould never be pumped 92 sto-ries and 1,125 feet into the air.

Without concrete, the build-ing could never climb so highand still stay so thin.

The footprint of Trump’sbuilding will be 348 feet by 135feet—not much bigger thanthe squat Sun-Times building.

“On a steel building, itwould have had to be muchwider,” said William Baker, astructural engineer at Skid-more, Owings & Merrill, thearchitectural firm that de-signed both buildings.

“We wouldn’t have beenable to put a steel building onthis site.”

When the building is fin-ished, a skin of stainless steeland glass will reflect the sun.The tower’s shape will mirrorthe buildings around it, its fac-eted setbacks nodding to the1920 Wrigley Building andmonolithic 1973 IBM Buildingnext door.

The building’s designersare using the tower’s concrete-swollen weight to defy heavybreezes. By making it tooheavy to tip easily, the design-ers have pitted one of the old-est enemies of skyscrapers,gravity, against its other foe,the wind.

In addition, the setbacksand rounded edges will pre-vent vortices from organizinginto mini-tornadoes, reducingthe wind’s power.

To further secure it, thebuilding will be cantileveredinto a section of the Earth’scrust, a limestone formation420 million years old and 110feet underground, so thebuilding will touch sky andbedrock at the same time.

Though it will outreach itsneighbors, the Trump towermust start far beneath them,on pillars extending like stiltsinto the ground. The holes forthose 4-foot-wide pillars arebeing drilled now. Under thebuilding, every 30 feet aroundits perimeter, steel-reinforcedcement will be poured.

On top of that, an 8,400-tonconcrete pad the size of a riverbarge will be built. From that

pad the building’s spine willrise, climbing as Wabash Ave-nue is rebuilt between the IBMBuilding and the futureTrump tower.

The spine will consist of fivegigantic concrete walls, eachshaped like an I-beam stand-ing on its 45-foot-wide end. Atabout eight stories, the exte-rior columns will begin to fol-low, with a concrete slab be-

tween the columns at each sto-ry for a floor.

It will climb like this: Spine,columns, slab. Spine, col-umns, slab. Eight to 10 floorsbelow the highest slab, thecurtain wall will rise on theoutside of the structure. Asthe building climbs, it willnarrow, the spine dwindling totwo parallel I-beams from five.

As the building takes root, it

has become an attraction forthe curious. The two-story-deep construction pit extendstoward the IBM Building, anda nearby sidewalk has becomean observation gallery.

Crane platforms with theircoils of heavy cable are at eyelevel. Viewers see the tops ofbulldozers.

Sky’s the limitfor Trump tower

Because the Trump tower needed to fit within the site of the former Chicago Sun-Times, architects chose to build with concrete instead of steel. Concrete allows them to build the building taller without making it wider. Using fluid cement and new construction techniques, workers can pump cement hundreds of feet up into the air.

Designed to fit

FOOTPRINT COMPARISON

Ch

icago R

iver

DETAILAREA

W A B A S H

M I C H I G A N

Sun-Times building Trump tower

Graphic by Gentry Sleets and Keith Claxton | When built in downtown Chicago, the Trump International Hotel & Tower Chicago will be one of the tallest concrete buildings in the world.

Chicago

River

Sources: Skidmore, Owings & Merrill LLP; Koenig & Strey GMAC Real Estate; Bovis Lend Lease Inc. ; Joe Nasvik, senior editor of Concrete Construction magazine Chicago Tribune

SpireWill rise to 1,360 feet, which will make the tower 90 feet shorter than the Sears Tower.

Height excluding spire: 1,125 feet

PenthousesFloors 86-89(Ranges from a 2,343 sq. ft. two-bedroom unit to a 14,260 sq. ft. seven-bed-room unit)

Residential condosFloors 29-85

Hotel condos & executive loungeFloors 17-27

Hotel restaurant, ballrooms & conference center Floors 16-17

Health cluband spaMezzanine and floor 14

ParkingFloors 3-12

Lobbies, restaurants and retailOn lowerfloors

Terrace

To build the tower with steel, the building would need to be 25 feet wider.

1

2

3

4

Laying the foundation Caisson shafts are drilled into the ground, then filled with cement.

Forming the concrete structureThe core, columns and slabs are added. This process is repeated for each floor.

Enclosing the buildingStainless steel, glass and aluminum panels are attached at each floor.

Finishing the interiorInterior components, such as drywall, electrical and mechanical systems, elevators and doors, are added.

Concrete

SteelInside

160 feet

135feet

ADVANTAGES OF CONCRETE

Does not require a large base for construction

Virtually fireproof, easier to isolate a high-rise fire

Floor slabs typically can be thinner, allowing more living units to be built

Curved edges allow the approaching wind to wrap around the building’s corners more easily than around a building without an aerodynamic design.

Setbacks further disrupt the wind’s constant push on the building’s shaft and limit formation of vortices.

The asymmetrical design and weight from concrete give the 360,000-ton tower additional stability against the wind.

Designed to handle wind

Building from the ground upThe building process begins several stories below ground. The tower will be layered floor by floor until it reaches 92 stories.

CONSTRUCTION TIMELINE Approximate times

2005 2006 2007 2008

Slabs

Stainless steel/glass/aluminum panels

Core

Columns

Caissons

20091 2

WINDCaissons:

Reach about 110 feet into the bedrock and act as stilts to support the structure.

Columns and slabs Provide support for each new floor built above.

WIND

DISRUPTING FORMATION OF VORTICES

Vortices are small forces of whirling wind that can cause the tower to sway.

Side view of tower

CoreSpine of the building

3 4

Designers willtake concreteto new heightsfor a lanky look

PLEASE SEE TOWER, PAGE 4

By Christi Parsonsand Bruce JapsenTribune staff reporters

Like some of her peers, Dr.Ellen Brull thinks the solutionto the problem of costly mal-practice premiums may lie incracking down not only on theoft-blamed court system, butalso on insurance companiesthat raise rates.

“I’m just saying, ‘Let’s beopen-minded,’ ” said Brull,president of the Illinois Acad-emy of Family Physicians.“Let’s look at it and see wherethat takes us.”

But that idea could open thedoor to more state regulationof the insurance industry, aprospect paradoxically op-posed by the Illinois StateMedical Society, the dominantlobbying voice for physiciansin the state.

While that may seem unusu-al, it highlights what someplayers in the malpractice

Doctorssplit overcurbs forinsurers

PLEASE SEE DOCTORS, PAGE 4

By Jeff CoenTribune staff reporter

A law designed to keepyouths out of adult prison bygiving them a final chance atrehabilitation is at the centerof a debate over the fate of oneyoung offender in a legal fightwinding its way to the state’shighest court.

Christopher K. was one ofthe first youths in Illinois to bepunished under blended sen-tencing guidelines after he fa-tally shot a 16-year-old boy onthe South Side in 1999.

The year before, legislatorshad passed a measure calledextended juvenile jurisdic-tion, or EJJ, that allowsyouths like Christopher to re-ceive both juvenile detentionand an adult prison sentence.The juveniles do not have toserve the adult sentence ifthey don’t commit a new of-fense by age 21.

Prosecutors initially fought

Juvenilesentencinglaw couldseal a fate

PLEASE SEE SENTENCE, PAGE 5

By Bonnie Miller RubinTribune staff reporter

Long before the Baby Tamiacase opened a window intosome of the more questiona-ble practices that have seepedinto adoption, efforts wereunder way to close some of thelegal loopholes in Illinois.

For more than a year a coa-lition of lawmakers, adoptionofficials and advocates havebeen meeting to draft legisla-tion that would create protec-tions for families involved inadoptions. The main provi-sion of the bill is that onlynon-profit organizationswould be eligible for state li-censes to provide adoptionservices.

PLEASE SEE BILL, PAGE 4

Adoption billtargets legalloopholes

I N S I D E

Welcomed homeTwo Chicago GIs serving in

Iraq are met with hugs and

well-wishes. PAG E 3

4 CHICAGO TRIBUNE | SECTION 1 | FRIDAY, DECEMBER 12, 2008

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NEWS FOCUS

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Construction timeline

SOURCES: Skidmore, Owings and Merrill; The Trump Organization; Porta Fiberglass Inc.; Tower Innovations; Tribune reports; Emporis * The 2002 height of 1,125 feet did not include the broadcast antenna.

Topping oΩ Trump TowerBy Keith Claxton, Phil Geib and Jen Mystkowski | TRIBUNE GRAPHICS

Provided that officials obtain a city permit and the weather is favorable, crews intend to cap off Trump

International Hotel and Tower on Saturday with a 227-foot spire. Here’s a look at how the spire, which

will stretch the tower to a height of 1,362 feet, was built.

The spire was delivered to Trump Tower in sections and lifted onto the

roof by a construction crane. Before it was dismantled, the crane was

able to place the bottom 92 feet of the spire in place. Crews will use

a helicopter to hoist the upper parts of the spire into place.

On-site installation4

1,120Pieces of steel

7,200Bolt assemblies

13-20 ft.Length of steel sections

126Semicircle fiberglass panels

For video, analysis and related

articles on the tower, go to

chicagotribune.com/trump

Fiberglass exterior2

The exterior of the spire was built by Porta Fiberglass Inc. of Edgewater, Florida. It is made

of semicircle panels that took six months for a 13-person crew to engineer.

The design1

Designed by Skidmore, Owings and Merrill, the spire

is gray and has 13 sections, most 20 feet tall. It tapers

from a 10-foot diameter at the bottom to a 6-foot

diameter in the middle and 4-foot diameter at top.Middle

80 feet

6 ft.

Bottom

77 feet

10 ft.

Top

70 feet

4 ft.

Building a wooden mold

Inner framework

Crews create sturdy inner

frameworks for a series

of plugs made of 2x4s and

plywood, upon which a

fiberglass mold will be built.

Formica surface

A plywood layer provides

sturdiness and a Formica layer

provides a flawless surface.

Wooden mold yields fiberglass mold

6. Saturday

The spire is

set to be

installed

after several

delays.

5. November

Trump says that

less than 60

percent of the

tower’s units have

been sold.

Meanwhile,

Deutsche Bank,

the project’s main

lender, claims that

Trump owes it

$40 million after

defaulting on a

construction loan.

1. December 2001

Famed architect

Adrian Smith at

Skidmore, Owings

and Merrill

releases an early,

78-story design

that is panned by

critics but

receives good

reviews from city

planners.

2. July 2002

Smith releases

a new design

that includes a

broadcast

antenna. This

design called

for the tower

to be the

fourth tallest

in Chicago at

1,125 feet.*

3. Oct. 28, 2004

Donald Trump

and his

“Apprentice”

winner Bill

Rancic visit the

tower site. They

hold a news

conference in

the rain and

officially begin

demolition on

the Sun-Times

building.

4. Jan. 30, 2008

With crews working

on the 60th floor,

the hotel and

restaurant open.

“As far as we know,

it’s the largest

building under

construction while

part of it is open,”

said Pauline Saliga,

director of the

Society of Architec-

tural Historians.

7. Spring 2009

Trump Tower

expected to be

completed.

X-braces

The vertical legs are tied together

with solid-steel horizontal and angled

beams, creating a lattice structure.

Steel ladder

A ladder built within the structure

allows access to the top of the spire.

Internal lights are spaced every 30

feet within the spire.

Anchoring

The vertical legs are anchored to the

concrete roof of the tower. Addition-

ally, two support arms anchor the

spire to the tower.

Vertical legs

Three solid-steel, vertical legs run

the entire length of the spire. The

legs range in diameter from 6.5 feet

at bottom to 1.75 feet up top.

Fins

These steel plates, which are welded

to the vertical legs, rig the steel lattice

to the fiberglass panels.

A coating of orange

tooling gel is applied to

the formica to create a

layer of separation and

allow the mold to be

removed later.

Fiberglass mold yields final pieces

Adding color

Color is added

through a gelcoat

applied to the

mold.

Adding fiberglass

The mold is

vacuum-sealed

as the gel and

fiberglass cure.

Sections assembled

When the fiberglass cures, the

finished spire piece is removed,

assembled with its peers in size

and sent to Chicago.

Curing and separating

An outer wooden frame is added to

provide stability. When the fiberglass

cures, the new mold is removed from

the plug and inspected.

Adding fiberglass

A fiberglass coating

and bulk laminate

are applied on top

of the gel.

By the numbers

Tower Innovations built the three-

sided internal structure that supports

the fiberglass panels.

Internal structure3

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Product: CTMAIN PubDate: 12-12-2008 Zone: ALL Edition: HD Page: FOCUS-4 User: jcercone Time: 12-11-2008 21:56 Color: CMYK

14 CHICAGO TRIBUNE | SECTION 1 | SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 30, 2008

By Keith Claxton | TRIBUNE GRAPHICS

207 (5th/6th)

208 (7th)

209 (8th)

210 (4th)

211 (8th)

212 (5th)

TOTAL

ROOM (GRADE)

0

13

2

28

24

28

95

KILLED

40

47

55

57

64

55

318

STUDENTS

1

13

8

15

17

21

75

INJURED

39

21

45

14

23

6

148

ESCAPED

SOURCES: Tribune archives, OLAfire.com

Inside the

school

The Dec. 2 edition of the

Chicago Daily Tribune.

On Dec. 5, The Chicago American

led with photos of some of the 92

children.

Newspaper coverage

n Weeks before the fire, Our Lady of the Angels School passed a fire department safety inspection, even though

it did not have fire safety

equipment required at the time

for newly built schools. The

parochial school was considered

to be grandfathered in under

previous guidelines. The school

had only two fire alarm switches,

both on the opposite side of the

building from where the fire

burned.

n The tragedy at Our Lady of the

Angels School led to a sweeping revision of Chicago’s fire codes and higher standards covering

everything from the brightness

of exit signs to the types of

furnaces that can be used in

public buildings. Many of those

changes were enacted in schools

across the country.

n The 95th and final fatality from

the fire was recorded in August

1959. After spending more than

eight months in the hospital,

William Eddington, an 8th grader,

died. He was 14.

n In the years following the fire,

dozens of lawsuits were filed

against the archdiocese of

Chicago. On Sept. 8, 1965,

Archbishop John P. Cody said the

archdiocese would pay out a

total of $3 million to the 76

people injured in the blaze and to

the families of the 92 killed.

Families of the dead each

received $7,500. Settlements for

the injured ranged from $250 to

$350,000. Cody called the

financial settlement “a moral

obligation of the archdiocese.”

n In 1962, a 13-year-old boy

charged with starting a string of

fires in Cicero confessed to starting the deadly blaze at Our

Lady of the Angels. He had been

a 5th grader at the school at the

time of the fire. A family court

judge found the boy guilty of

starting four fires in Cicero, but the judge said he did not have “an abiding conviction” that

the boy set the infamous school

fire. No one has ever been found

responsible for the tragedy.

n Many survivors of the fire keep

in touch through a message

board on a Web site called

OLAfire.com. The site has

accounts of the day from

survivors and historical

documents, maps and memorial

pages for those who died.

n A memorial mass marking the

50th anniversary of the fire will

be said at 2:30 p.m. Sunday in

Holy Family Church, 1080 W.

Roosevelt Rd.

—Compiled by Rex Huppke

Because of the fire

See historical images and news stories at chicagotribune.com/angels

Numbers tellthe story

At the time of the fire, Our Lady of

the Angels had a student body of

nearly 1,600 children and a faculty

of about 30 people.

208

210

212

211

1 The fire started in the basement

of the northeast stairwell of the

north wing of the school.

Our Ladyof the Angels

Section of roofthat collapsed

STATISTICS (Second-floor, north wing classrooms)

On Dec. 1, 1958, (50 years ago Monday) a fire at

Our Lady of the Angels School in Chicago killed

92 students and three nuns. Almost all the

injuries and all fatalities occurred on the second

floor of the north wing.

207

209

AUGUSTA

PU

LA

SK

I

CHICAGO

GRAND

2:15 p.m.Approximate time the fire began.

569Number of students in north wing

classrooms (floors one and two)

35Estimated number of students in the

north wing who jumped to safety

200Approximate number of firemen who

responded to the fire

DETAILAREA

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5SUNDAY, MAY 3, 2009 | SECTION 6 | ARTS&ENTERTAINMENT | CHICAGO TRIBUNE

A

Floor 1

Photography

The photography gallery

will be introduced in

phases. The first runs

through early July and

emphasizes studio and

conceptual photography;

the second shows outdoor

views of daily life.

B Film, video and new media

This space will present

works by Doug Aitken,

Pierre Huyghe, Isaac

Julien and others. The

first offering is “Girls,

Tricky” by Steve

McQueen.

C Special exhibitions

Admission to all special

exhibitions are included in

the general admission. The

first summer exhibition

presents 30 selected

works by Cy Twombly

along with an untitled

sculpture.

Quick facts

n 15 feet wide

n 60 feet tall (31-feet

tall over Monroe Street)

n 5.6 percent grade

A B (1945-60) (After 1960) Architecture and DesignC

Bluhm Family Terrace

This 3,400 square-foot

outdoor space will have

rotating installations.

Window walls

A system of double-

glass windows on all

floors bring in natural

light from the north.

216 feet

216 feet

GiftshopGiftshop

VisitorServicesVisitorServices

KidsshopKidsshop

BalconyCafe

Classroomsand studiosClassroomsand studios

Nichols Bridgeway (connects to Millennium Park)

The 3rd-floor gallery is devoted to the Modern European collec-

tion. It includes works featured in the 1913 International Exhibition

of Modern Art,

better known as

the Armory

Show. You’ll find

works by

Salvador Dali,

Pablo Picasso

and others here,

as this gallery

showcases

movements

such as Cubism

and Surrealism.

Extending from the 3rd floor of

the west pavilion over Monroe

Street to the Lurie Gardens in

Millennium Park, the 625-foot

long pedestrian bridge allows free

access to the 3rd-floor dining

area and Bluhm Family Terrace.

The Contemporary Collections

Spanning more than 60 years, these collec-

tions showcase painting, sculpture, installa-

tion art and video selections. Eva Hesse’s

“Hang Up” and Jackson Pollock’s “Greyed

Rainbow” are displayed along with more

recent acquisitions.

Architecture and Design

From Frank Lloyd Wright to the graphic design of Bruce Mau,

the Art Institute boasts enough room to adequately display its

growing collection of historic and contemporary architecture

objects since 1910. Contemporary design works, including chairs,

stools, lighting and textiles, are also displayed here.

Pritzker Garden

This garden, designed by landscape architects Gustafson

Guthrie Nichol contains Ellsworth Kelly’s “White Curve”

(2009), commissioned in honor of James Wood, the Art

Institute’s previous director (1980-2004), under whom the

Modern Wing project was begun.

EntranceEntrance

NicholsTrustee Suite

NicholsTrustee Suite

Terzo Piano

This 160-seat restaurant will serve

Italian-Mediterranean fare under the

direction of Spiaggia’s Tony Mantuano.

Floor 3

Floor 2

Modern European Art (1900-50)

Contemporary, Architecture and Design

By Keith Claxton and Phil Geib | TRIBUNE GRAPHICS

The Modern Wing

The growth of the Art Institute

MO

NR

OE ST.

The Art Institute

MICHIGAN AVE.

Millennium Park

Modern Wing

AREA OFDETAL

The ArtInstitutein the early20th Century.

Tribune file photo

REDEFINING THE ART INSTITUTE

Materials

Construction

Glass, steel and Indiana limestone

47 months (began June 2005)

Galleries

Education

SIZE (SQ. FT.)

Modern Wing quick facts

ART INSTITUTE

211,000

6,500

64,000

20,000

Built in just less than 4 years for $294 million, the

Modern Wing increases the museum space to

1.2 million square feet.

1880 ’90 1900 ’10 ’20 ’30 ’40 ’50 ’60 ’70 ’80 ’90 2000

1879: The Chicago Academy

of Fine Arts is founded on

the southwest corner of

State and Monroe Streets.

1882: The name is changed

to the Art Institute of

Chicago.

1893: The Art Institute

opens on Dec. 8 at its

present site on land filled

with rubble from the Great

Fire of 1871.

1894: The bronze

lions are installed.

1901: Ryerson

Library is built.

1916: Gunsaulus

Hall is built to

span the Illinois

Central Railroad

tracks and allow

expansion to

the east.

1958: The B.F. Ferguson Memorial

Building is built, providing space for

staff offices.

1960: The North Garden is built.

1962: The Morton Wing is built to the

south of the original museum,

providing symmetry and room for an

ever-expanding modern collection.

1965: The South Garden is built.

Lorado Taft’s “Fountain of the Great

Lakes,” built from 1907-13, is

reinstalled.

1968: The original museum building is

named for trustee Robert Allerton.

1976: The Rubloff Building,

housing studio and classroom

space, galleries and an

auditorium, is dedicated. It

provides the Institute’s first

east entrance.

1977: Reconstruction of a portion

of the original Chicago Stock

Exchange Building built in 1893 is

completed in the East Wing.

1988: The Daniel F. and Ada L.

Rice Building is built to house the

American art collection.

2005: Construction begins

on the Modern Wing.

Stretching from Monroe Street to the McKinlock

Court, this concourse cuts the middle of the

Modern Wing. Jeff Wall’s “The Flooded Grave”

lures visitors to the 1st-floor galleries.

Griffin Court

“The Flooded Grave”

Jeff Wall, 1998-2000

Silver dye bleach transparency;

aluminum light box

“ImprovisationNo. 30 (Cannons)”

Vasily Kandinsky, 1913

Oil on canvas

“Mirror in Six Panels”

Roy Lichtenstein, 1971, oil and magna on canvas

For photos inside the museum, an interactive tour and analysis of the Modern Wing, log on to Chicagotribune.com/modern.

SOURCE: The Art Institute of Chicago, “Zero Gravity The Art Institute Renzo Piano Building for a New Century” by James Cuno and Martha Thorne All art images courtesy of the Art Institute of Chicago

MODERN WING

The much-anticipated Modern Wing will open May 16, making the Art Institute the second-largest art museum in the

nation. Designed by famed architect Renzo Piano, the 264,000 square-foot museum addition will display a collection of 20th

and 21st Century art, photography, architecture and design while providing views of Millennium Park and the downtown

skyline. Admission to the entire museum will be free from May 16 to 22

in celebration of the Modern Wing.

Blade

B

A

C

B

C

A

Chicago Stock Exchange Archway

This white canopy, composed of 2,816 steel, curved

blades hovers 8 feet over the Modern Wing. Its purpose

is to filter natural light into the 3rd-floor galleries from

the north while blocking it from other directions.

‘FLYING CARPET’ FILTERS NATURAL LIGHT

How it works

Limited Light enters and is deflected downard by the

blades. It passes through a skylight into the 3rd-floor

galleries, saving electricity.

Product: CTARTS PubDate: 05-03-2009 Zone: ALL Edition: SUN Page: ADVP5-5 User: hespinoza Time: 05-01-2009 18:36 Color: CMYK

22 CHICAGO TRIBUNE Ô FROM PAGE ONE Ô SECTION 1 Ô SUNDAY, MAY 6, 2007

HIDDEN HAZARDS

lapsed and suffocated babies.But the agency did not act on re-ports that yet another style ofplaypen posed the same hazard.It recalled those only after an-other baby suffocated.

As the agency slowly movedto address dangers from Magne-tix toys, injuries mounted. Todate, at least 27 children havesuffered serious intestinal inju-ries after swallowing loose Mag-netix magnets.

The Consumer Product Safe-ty Commission, or CPSC, de-clined to explain why it didn’tact sooner on warnings aboutany of these unsafe children’sproducts. In refusing to answerquestions about Magnetix, theagency cited a provision of fed-eral law that protects manufac-turers’ reputations.

That law gives manufacturersgreat sway in how governmentofficials regulate children’sproducts. Combined withskimpy budgets and reducedstaffing, the provision under-mines the agency’s power.

The Reagan administrationgutted the CPSC in the early1980s, less than a decade after itsinception. Bipartisan neglectsince then has left the agencywith fewer than half the num-ber of employees it had in 1980—deeper cuts than in any otherfederal health and safety regu-lator.

Yet the number of productsthe CPSC oversees, everythingfrom chain saws to baby cribs,has exploded. As consumersclamor for the latest high-techtoys and nursery gear at ever-cheaper prices, companies areoffering more complex productsthat introduce new hazards.

Childhood play always hascome with risks. Parents expectskinned knees, even the occa-sional broken bone, from a falloff a bike or jungle gym. Theydon’t expect pieces from a bro-ken toy to rip holes through achild’s gut like a gunshot, whichis what happened with Magne-tix.

Government regulators knewmagnets could cause these direinjuries. And they knew it wellbefore magnets started fallingout of Magnetix toys, which al-low kids to fashion complicatedgeometric structures out of col-orful plastic pieces.

CPSC investigators in 2000and again in 2003 documentedcases of children suffering in-testinal injuries after swallow-ing magnets from other prod-ucts.

The CPSC didn’t act, even astoymakers’ use of such magnetsskyrocketed. Nor did the agencyrespond when parents and care-givers complained that magnetswere falling out of Magnetixtoys. It didn’t listen when Grigs-by warned that a boy had beenseverely injured and that Mag-netix could kill.

The agency didn’t take actionuntil after Kenny Sweet died.

“If they would have taken meseriously,’’ Grigsby said, “thatlittle boy would be alive.”

A hidden ‘gunshot wound’What’s so insidious about a

small-magnet injury is that ini-tially it seems like a stomachbug. All of the parents inter-viewed for this report saidthey—and some of their doc-tors—thought their childrenhad a stomach virus. Yet if kidsinjured by magnets don’t get

everything in their mouths. Itisn’t aberrant behavior; it’s howthey explore the world. Thetendency tapers off at age 3, butthe CPSC’s own studies havefound that children of all agesput things in their mouths thatthey shouldn’t.

Parents are petrified of smallparts around young children be-cause kids so easily can chokeon them. When children swal-low a choking hazard, a parentknows right away. The childgags and ultimately turns blue.If a child is sucking on candy oreating popcorn, caregiversoften supervise them moreclosely.

But tiny, powerful magnetsare a stealthy hazard. Parentsaren’t expecting them to comeout of a toy, so they’re not watch-ing for them. Children can swal-low them easily; because the

kids don’t choke, there is no im-mediate sign that anything iswrong. And youngsters whohave been told not to put thingsin their mouths aren’t likely toadmit they’ve swallowed a pieceof a toy.

To make matters worse, themagnets are so small that theyblend in with carpet and stick tometal chair legs, harder to spotfrom a caregiver’s vantagepoint but within easy reach of achild playing on the floor.

Even some doctors who sawthe magnets on children’s X-rays didn’t understand the haz-ards. They sent children home,expecting the magnets to be dis-charged in a bowel movement.But often that doesn’t happen.

Magnetic pieces can connectthrough layers of a child’s intes-tines, strangling blood flow tothat area of the bowels.

“Once the blood supply is cutoff, the clock is ticking, and overthe next several hours withoutblood supply, the bowel starts todie,” said Dr. Mark McCollum,the attending pediatric surgeonat Akron Children’s Hospitalwho last fall saved the life of a 6-year-old boy who had swallowedloose Magnetix magnets.

If magnets cut holes in intes-tinal walls, deadly bacteria canspill into the abdominal cavity.As McCollum said, “It’s essen-tially a gunshot wound or a stabwound.”

Even before Grigsby calledwith her warning, the CPSC hadlearned through two of its owninvestigations that powerfulmagnets could damage chil-dren’s bowels. In 2000, an 8-year-old Atlanta boy had to undergointestinal surgery after he swal-lowed small magnets that fellout of a broken fast-food mealtoy. The child spent 10 days inthe hospital.

Then in October 2003, a 6-

year-old Muncie, Ind., girl suf-fered intestinal trauma afterswallowing powerful magneticjewelry she got at the state fair.The child put the jewelry in hermouth to mimic a piercedtongue.

The girl’s surgeon alerted theCPSC a month later to expectmore of these types of injuries ifproducts with such magnetswere marketed to children, ac-cording to CPSC records.

That same year, Rose Art In-dustries launched Magnetix, la-beling the building sets safe forchildren as young as 3 years old.

Over the next four years, con-sumers complained to the CPSCthat small magnets were fallingout of the toys. As early as 2004, aLewisville, N.C., grandmotherwarned the agency that “a smallchild could easily swallow”these loose magnets.

A Highlands Ranch, Colo.,mother told a CPSC investigatorin February 2005 that Magnetixtoys were “particularly danger-ous” because some magnets hadfallen out and she worried thather 31⁄2-year-old son might usehis teeth to try separating theloose magnets from each other.

Three different consumerswere so concerned that suchmagnets could hurt childrenthat they sent pieces of their de-fective Magnetix toys to theCPSC before Grigsby alertedthe agency of Kiegan’s intes-tinal injuries.

Parents shared their con-cerns with the toys’ manufac-turer as well. Consumers re-peatedly told Rose Art that mag-nets were coming loose fromMagnetix pieces. Before a rivalcompany, Mega Brands, boughtRose Art in July 2005, Rose Artexecutives disclosed those com-plaints to its soon-to-be parentcompany, court records show.

Shortly after the sale closed,

the CPSC sent Grigsby’s com-plaint to Mega Brands’ Rose Artdivision president. In a form let-ter accompanying the Grigsbyreport, the CPSC wrote that itforwards these types of com-plaints to manufacturers “be-cause they often provide anearly warning of potential safe-ty problems.”

In a written response to ques-tions from the Tribune, MegaBrands said it was unaware ofthe extent of the problem anddidn’t know that swallowedmagnets could injure childrenuntil it learned of Kenny’sdeath.

Consumers told the CPSCthat the company’s Rose Art di-vision downplayed the hazard.

In October 2005 parents inHighland, Ill., just east of St.Louis, told a Rose Art customerservice representative that amagnet popped out of their4-year-old son’s Magnetix toy ashe opened the box for the firsttime. They recounted the phoneconversation in a complaint tothe CPSC, recalling how theRose Art representative re-minded them “that if a child didswallow one, they are non-toxic.”

“That did very little to reas-sure me,” one of the boy’s par-ents wrote.

If only she knewPenny Sweet bought two

boxes of Magnetix sets at her lo-cal supermarket in June 2005.She didn’t know that parentsaround the country had warnedthe CPSC and Rose Art aboutmagnets falling out of the toys.

She didn’t know that by then,at least two children had beenhospitalized for intestinal inju-ries they suffered after swallow-ing loose magnets from Magne-tix. What Sweet did know wasthat her son Ben would like thetoy.

During the time the Magnetixsets sat in storage in the Sweethome before Ben’s 10th birth-day, William Finley, a 4-year-oldCalifornia boy, had emergencysurgery to repair life-threaten-ing intestinal damage linked toMagnetix.

Sweet was unaware of that,too, just as she didn’t know thatSharon Grigsby had pleadedwith the CPSC to recall Magne-tix.

She couldn’t have known, be-cause neither the governmentnor Rose Art or its new owners,Mega Brands, told consumersthere were any problems withMagnetix.

Ken and Penny Sweet are ex-perienced parents who havesurrounded themselves withchildren. A blended family withsix kids living under one roofand another stepsister whowould visit, the Sweets had chil-dren ranging in age from tod-dler to teenager. Penny ran aday-care service out of theirhome, typically caring for an-other five youngsters in addi-tion to her two preschoolers.

The Sweets settled a lawsuitthey filed against the maker ofMagnetix and declined to be in-terviewed for this article. ButCPSC files, medical records andonline memorials provide a pic-ture of their family and the ac-tions that preceded Kenny’sdeath.

When Penny gave the Magne-tix toys to Ben on his birthdaythat November, she recognizedthe plastic pieces posed a chok-ing hazard to young children. SoKenny—at 20 months old, thebaby of the family—was not al-lowed near the Magnetix setsand, whenever possible, wasmoved to another room whenhis older siblings played withthem.

In addition, the Sweets setfamily rules about Magnetix:You could play with them only

Soft regulation, tragic results

Tribune photo by Scott Strazzante

Kiegan Willis shows the Magnetix pieces he was playing with in May 2005, when he nearly died after swallowing magnets that hadfallen loose from toys at his preschool in northern Indiana. Kiegan, 5 at the time, was saved by emergency surgery.

Small magnets can prove especially dangerous because they can obstruct the intestine and connect across internal tissue, causing significant damage. Consuming magnets should be considered an immediate medical emergency.

What happens when a child swallows magnets: A case study

Colon(largebowel)

Smallbowel

Smallbowel

Sources: Dr. Mark McCollum, Akron Children’s Hospital, Tribune reporting Note: Illustrations are based on X-rays, medical records and interviews. Chicago Tribune/Keith Claxton

The toy’s magnets and metal ball (here at actual size) connected across tissue, creating pressure on the bowel and cutting blood supply.

Stomach

Colon

Small bowelRectum

Appendix

Waste

Spilledwasteleaksintoabdomen

Abdomen

The constant pressure cuts holes in the bowel, allowing waste to spill into the abdomi-nal cavity.

In one Ohio case, a blockage happened in the ileocecal region, where the small bowel connects with the colon.

An X-ray taken at Akron Children’s Hospital shows magnets linked together.

surgery quickly enough, theycan die.

The threat of such injurieshas soared in recent years.That’s because the magnets,made of neodymium iron boron,have become more affordable,popping up in all sorts of chil-dren’s toys, including dolls,building sets, action figures,puzzles and games. These mag-nets are exponentially morepowerful than the larger, rub-bery variety used for decades inrefrigerator magnets.

Once they fall out, these newmagnets tantalize youngsters.Some children who ingestedthem thought they were candy.When asked why he swallowedthe Magnetix magnets at Grigs-by’s Indiana preschool, 5-year-old Kiegan Willis told his mom:“I was hungry.”

Youngsters put just about

The U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission last year investigated a sliver of the complaints it received about potentially dangerous products, checking into a smaller proportion than in any recent year.

Product warnings surge, investigators drop

*Because multiple sources report to the CPSC, there is a possibility of duplicated IPII reports.

Chicago Tribune

Reports assigned for follow-up investigation

2002

86

26,231

13.7%

2003

85

23,798

15.2%

2004

99

30,216

13.8%

2005

99

34,051

13.6%

2006

36,254

10.4%

85CPSC FIELD INVESTIGATORS

Source: U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission

Injury or Potential Injury Incidents (IPII)*

MAGNETSCONTINUED FROM PAGE 1

Product: CTMAIN PubDate: 05-06-2007 Zone: ALL Edition: BDOG Page: 1-22 User: bohap Time: 05-05-2007 03:19 Color: CMYK

playTHURSDAY, JANUARY 20, 2011 | SECTION 5 W

Chicago Cut Steakhouse

H U B B H U B B A R D

I L L I N O I SI L L I N O IN O IN O I

G R A G R A N D

O H I O O H I O

CHICAGO

O N T

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Epic

KinzieChophouse

Brazzaz

Texasde Brazil

David Burke’sPrimehouse

Weber Grill

Joe’s Seafood, PrimeSteaks & Stone Crab

Keefer’s

Wildfire Fogode Chao

ChicagoChop House

Phil Stefani’s437 Rush

Gene & Georgetti

Smith & WollenskySteakhouse

Fulton’son the River

Fleming’sPrimeSteakhouse& Bar

Harry Caray’sItalian Steakhouse

Sullivan’sSteakhouse

Ruth’s ChrisSteak House

C h i c a g o R i v e r TRIBUNE250 FEET

Mastro’s Steakhouse Benny’s Chop House

Chicago

Detailarea

Maybe we should build a fencearound the River North neigh-borhood and market it as a duderanch. You’ll find more cattlehere than on some Iowa farms.Granted, it’s been sliced intosteaks, chops and filets, butcattle nonetheless.

River North may be known forits fine-dining restaurants —Crofton on Wells, Frontera Grill,Naha, Sunda, Zealous — but it’salso the city’s steak capital,home to nearly two dozen restau-rants in which beef is the prime(snicker) attraction.

And in 2010, the neighborhoodadded three more: Benny’s ChopHouse, owned by Benny Siddu ofVolare; Chicago Cut, owned byindustry veterans David Flomand Matt Moore (who met atRosebud Steakhouse); and Mas-tro’s, a California-based chainwhose chief executive is MarkLevy, co-founder (with his broth-er, Larry) of Levy Restaurants

(Spiaggia, et. al.). Time for a little cattle rustling.

Benny’s Chop HouseI’m only so-so about Volare,

Siddu’s first restaurant, though Iknow it has scores of devotedfans. So when he pounced on thenever-did-open Jackson ParkGrill space, picking up a nearlycomplete restaurant at a (pre-sumably) bargain price, I figuredthe resulting steakhouse wouldbe middling-decent, but no more.

Siddu surprised me with arestaurant that can run with thebig dogs, er, steers.

Prime steaks are wet- or dry-aged; you’ll pay a smidge morefor the dry-aged steaks, but thedeeper, richer flavor in the im-pressive bone-in New York strip(other steakhouses would callthis a Kansas City) makes it hardto pass up. There also are a cou-

Three new arrivals musclingonto River North dining scene

Please turn to Page 6

The big

steakoutBy Phil Vettel | TRIBUNE RESTAURANT CRITIC

The impressive New York strip steak at Benny’s Chop House delivers deep, rich flavor.TERRENCE ANTONIO JAMES/TRIBUNE PHOTO

Mastro’s lobster mashed potatoes include plenty of

lobster meat. ABEL URIBE/ TRIBUNE PHOTO

Most of Chicago Cut’s steaks, including the bone-inrib-eye, are dry-aged on the premises for 35 to 40days ALEX GARCIA/ TRIBUNE PHOTO

To the dismay of many chefs, they’reeverywhere these days. ChristopherBorrelli digs deep and asks why. PAGE 3

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Need a new venuefor watching theChicago Bears tanglewith the Green BayPackers on Sunday?PAGE 4

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MONEY & REAL ESTATE

CN Sunday, January 8, 2012 | Section 7

Bank of America’s decision tohit debit card users with a $5monthly fee raised a firestorm ofprotest. But at least it was outthere for everyone to see. That’snot always the case with thenumerous fees charged by mort-gage lenders.

Not only are many lendingcharges disguised, some aredownright garbage. Hey, they’renot called “junk fees” for nothing.

An effort is under way by thefledgling Consumer FinancialProtection Bureau to make themortgage disclosure processmore user friendly for consumersand lenders by combining twoforms required by law into one.But it won’t stop lenders fromthrowing charges at you that youdon’t understand and perhapsshouldn’t have to pay.

It’s not that lenders try to hidethe fees. They’re right there in thethree-page good faith estimatethat you are supposed to receivewithin three days of applying fora loan. And they’ll be listed in thenew form that will combine thegood faith estimate with thetwo-page truth-in-lending state-ment when it is approved by the

consumer protection bureau.But lenders have different

names for their charges, so it’shard for a layman to figure outwhat each fee covers. And it’sespecially tough to compare onelender’s tolls with another’s.

Take processing fees, for exam-ple. Depending on the lender, thischarge might be labeled as anunderwriting fee, an applicationfee or even a rate-lock fee. If thelender tacks a $450 processingfee and a $300 underwriting feeon top of the fairly common ap-plication fee, you are probablypaying more than you should.

Lenders argue that theircharges are justified because ofthe expense to which they go toprocess loan applications, manyof which fall by the wayside be-cause would-be borrowers can’tclear the underwriting process.And even if the exactions aren’tjunk, they’re often exorbitant.

It’s always a good idea to com-parison shop for big-ticket items,and mortgages are the biggestticket most consumers will everpunch. But because the good faithestimate is issued after the loanapplication is made, even cautiousborrowers who have hunted forthe lowest rates and the bestterms sometimes end up payinghundreds, if not thousands, inunnecessary closing costs.

Wise borrowers don’t waituntil after they’ve applied for aloan to see a list of settlementcosts. They compare those feesalong with everything else beforecommitting to a lender.

“It’s important that consumersfully understand what is includedin each fee, watch for redun-dancies and ask questions,” warnsMegan Greuling at online lenderLendingTree.

Many settlementcharges are legiti-mate. The origina-tion fee, often ex-pressed as a per-centage of the loanamount, covers thelender’s work inevaluating andpreparing yourloan. And govern-ment recording andtransfer taxes arealways collectedwhen a property changes hands.

But even one extraneouscharge can be costly. And a laun-dry list of closing costs should setyour antennae wiggling. If a lend-er balks at giving you a scheduleof charges, head for the door.Good lenders will tell you theirfees if you ask.

Here’s a list of the more oner-ous junk fees:

Application fee. A levy over andabove the origination fee, thischarge is intended to weed outtire kickers. But it is redundant ifyou are a serious borrower whoactually applies for a mortgage.And if you are approved, youshouldn’t be charged twice forwhat is essentially the same thing.

Document preparation fee.This is charged for drawing upthe note, deed or trust and otherlegal documents. Sometimes,though, the escrow agent drawsup these papers, not the lender. Inthat case, it’s just another way tocollect a few hundred bucks froman unsuspecting borrower.

Document review fee. Thisostensibly is for going over theloan package when it is returnedafter closing. But some settlement

professionals saythat unless theysuspect fraud, lend-ers rarely look at afile when they get itback. Even if theydo review the docu-ments, the look-seeis rarely worth thekind of money bor-rowers pay for it. “Itprobably takes fiveminutes of somelow-level clerk’s

time at most,” a closing agentonce told me.

This charge may also be listedas an attorney’s fee, which coversthe cost of the lender’s attorneyexamining your file but is actuallyjust another case of overkill.

Mortgage guarantee fee.Fannie Mae and Freddie Maccharge lenders for guaranteeingthe principal and interest pay-ments on loans they buy or in-sure, and lenders pass on the costto borrowers. But sometimeslenders hold the loans or sellthem to a nongovernment entityand still charge borrowers.

Tax service fee. This is supposedto cover the cost of paying prop-erty taxes on your behalf. Butsince most lenders pay taxes forall borrowers in the same juris-diction in bulk by wire, the fee isusually excessive. Some lenderseven levy this fee on borrowerswho pay their own taxes, main-taining that they must confirmthat the taxes are being paid.

Underwriting fee. This charge isfor reviewing your loan applica-tion to make certain you qualify.But this is the lender’s job. Thelender is in business to under-

write loans, so this cost should becovered by the origination fee.

Processing fee. Here’s anothercost that should be covered by theorigination fee. After all, making amortgage is nothing more thanprocessing papers.

Inspection fee. This coversexaminations by the lender or anoutside inspector hired by thelender. But was an inspectionactually made?

Warehousing fee. Warehousingis normally lender lingo for pack-aging a number of loans for sale toinvestors. But in this case it’seither the lender’s charge forholding all the papers in a fileuntil the transaction is closed orholding the loan on a shelf until itis sold on the secondary market.Either way, it’s nefarious at best.

Courier fees. This is for sendingpapers between the lender andsettlement agent, either by couri-er or overnight delivery. You’dthink these services would bereserved for last-minute neces-sities, but lenders use them all thetime so they have a signature onfile to prove the papers were sentand not lost in a mail room.

The fee isn’t much, maybe $35or $50. But the charge has be-come so routine that borrowersare dinged with it even if nothingwas sent. So ask to see a signedreceipt before paying it.

Many closing agents blanchwhen they see these fees. Butthey have no choice but to collectthem if that’s what the lenderrequires. But you have a choice.Refuse to pay junk fees andthreaten to walk. Many lendersrelent at the last minute.

CONTRACTONTRACCTT

Document review

Taking out the

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Tax service

Rate lock

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Cut your closing costs by getting rid of junk fees

KEITH CLAXTON/TRIBUNE NEWSPAPERS ILLUSTRATION

By Lew SichelmanUnited Feature Syndicate

Mortgage guarantee

Warehousing fee

Q: I have four children, andthe oldest is a senior and goingto college next fall. I’m fearfulthat I make too much money(mid-$100s) and I don’t havemuch saved, so borrowing,grants and scholarships seemto be my best option. Mydaughter scored 25 on the ACTand is well-rounded: playssports, has a job, is a church

member and volunteers. Anysuggestions of books or web-sites would be very much ap-preciated.

— S.W.A: Unfortunately, like many

parents, the shock of paying forcollege is hitting you so late in theprocess that you have limitedoptions. But if you act immedi-ately, there’s a chance you can

make a difference. If it’s too latefor your daughter, you still havetime for your three younger chil-dren. But if you are going to makea dent in the $400,000 you arelikely to spend on your four chil-dren, you need to get to worknow. Winning scholarships andgrants takes hard work and strat-egy. You can’t just fill out FAFSA(Free Application for Federal

Student Aid) forms and hope tobe bestowed with money.

With your income, it’s unlikelyyou will get any financial aid,other than the opportunity toborrow with federal Staffordloans, at a public college. Butprivate colleges are a differentmatter, especially less popular

Landing college aid takes more than filing forms

Gail MarksJarvisOn Money

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8 C H I C A G O T R I B U N E S E C T I O N 8 S U N D AY S E P T E M B E R 2 6 , 2 0 0 4T R AV E L

L o e s s P l a t e a u

T e n g g e rD e s e r t

Silk Road

C H I N A

Y E L L O W S E A

KoreaBay

BoHai

N. KOREA

S. KOREA

MONGOLIA

Major construction periods

Qin Dynasty (221 B.C. - 207 B.C.)

Ming Dynasty (1368-1644)

The Great Wall is actually a great many walls built at different periods throughout Chinese history. The Qin and Ming greatly influenced its construction.

Beijing

Badaling

Seoul

P’yongyang

Xining

Xiakou

Lanzhou

Yinchuan

Baotou

SIZE COMPARISONIf built across the U.S., the Ming wall would stretch from Washington, D.C. to Wichita, Kan.

1 0 0 M I L E S

CHINA

MAPAREA

Tianjin

Chifeng

Jinzhou

MO.

ILL. IND.KAN.

Wichita

Chicago

WashingtonD.C.

OHIO

KY.W.VA.

TENN.ARK.

VA.

PA.

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Behind the Great WallW o n d e r s o f t h e W o r l d : T h e S e v e n W o n d e r s o f M a n

By Keith Claxton During pre-Chinese warring periods, states built small fortifications to protect their lands from invasion. Beginning in 221 B.C., Emperor Qin Shi Huang

unified the warring states to form the Qin Dynasty, the first Chinese Empire. Using a workforce of hundreds of thousands, the Qin strengthened and extended earlier walls.

Nearly 1,600 years later, the Ming Dynasty rose to power and became the last of the Great Wall builders. Much of the wall as it exists today is of Ming construction.

Sources: National Geographic Society; Dr. Ben Bronson, curator of Asian Archaeology, The Field Museum; “The Seventy Wonders of the Ancient World”; China National Tourism Administration; TravelChinaGuide.com; World Monument Fund

WatchtowersThere are thousands of watchtowers along most of the wall. Spaced about 230 feet apart, they served a variety of functions, from beacons to fortresses. Many had an interior living area and an upper lookout stocked with artillery.

The technology of the wall is simple. It consists of thousands of watchtowers linked together by walls up to 30 feet tall. Passes allow people to cross. The wall served two functions:

How the wall worksA SYMBOL OF MODERNITY A PHYSICAL BARRIER

For centuries the wall worked to divide China culturally from the states that surrounded it. To live within the wall was to live in modern China. To the Chinese, the nomads and barbarians of the north remained outside of civilization.

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Overhead view of a typical watchtower

Lookout

Livingquarters

The Chinese used the size, strength and technology of the wall to physically block foreigners’ passage.

Smoke signalsThe size of an attacking force was indicated by the size of the signal.

WallsA typical section stands 26 feet high and measures 20-30 feet wide at the base and 12-20 feet wide at the top.

Construction techniques and the materials used vary along the wall. Most early sections were built by ramming earth into shape. In some regions, the wall was even built out of plants. The Ming Dynasty introduced a construction method that sealed the rammed earth with fine-cut stone.

1 Site preparation: The ground was leveled and cleared for construction. Kilns were placed along the wall route to fire the fine-cut exterior stones.

Ming construction technique

2 Foundation: Flat stone slabs were placed on the ground to form a foundation.

3 Exterior walls: Using the fine-cut stone, the lower section of the wall was built. Walls leaned slightly inward to offer stability.

4 Strengthening: Workers filled the inside with rubble atop large stones and compacted them to minimize settlement. The rubble strengthened the wall but created outward pressure. Larger stones countered that force.

5 Capping the wall: Fine-cut stones capped the inner filling to form the walkway.

TOP VIEW FRONT VIEW

Foundation slab

Exterior walls

Rubble filling

Walkway

Tiananmen Square, BeijingKnown in the West as site of deadly military response to pro-Democracy demonstrators in 1989, the world’s largest plaza—even with its monuments and Mao’s heroic tomb—feels more grim than welcoming.

The Summer Palace, BeijingIn a city not always of a mind to preserve vestiges of its past, here it is: every Westerner’s vision of romantic China, right down to the dragons.

Shanghai It’s only a two-hour flight from Beijing, but what a difference. Architecturally, this is 21st Century Flamboyance meets 1920s European-Colonial Import-Export Stuffiness, with a few nods to traditional Chinese sensibilities. Plus good shopping, very good acrobats and great dumplings.

Terra Cotta Warriors, Xian The third leg (with Beijing and Shanghai) of the mainland’s standard tour-package circuit, and deservedly so.

Hong KongExciting, frenzied, graceful, fascinating—a feast for the eyes and the tummy. Truly one of the world’s most rewarding tourist stops.

The Forbidden City, Beijing Built in the early 1400s, its reign as home to royalty ended with abdication of “The Last Emperor” in 1912. Its power remains in the form of temples, statuary, a succession of gates and its astounding sprawl.

Alan Solomon

A snarling Fu Dog makes its point as it guards one of the gateways in Beijing’s Forbidden City (right).

The Wonder is the Great Wall, but China surrounds it. Some nearby sites worth sampling:

The neighbors

Tribune photo by Alan Solomon Tribune photo by Alan SolomonThe unrestored Great Wall at Simatai.

Many sections of the Great Wall have fallen into disrepair. In 2002 the World Monuments Watch, a global program that calls attention to imperiled heritage sites, placed the Great Wall on its list of the 100 most endangered sites.

Preserving the Great Wall

By Christine SpolarTribune foreign correspondent

BAGHDAD — Saddam Hus-sein sought immortality by or-dering a Koran to be writtenwith his own blood, commandedfealty by cutting out the tonguesof citizens who spoke againsthim and raised heroic statuesand portraits of himself as om-nipresent reminders of his pow-er.

But the image that flashedaround the world Sunday was ofa haggard and defeated manwhose legacy is a ruined and iso-lated nation furrowed withmass graves.

Deserted by his father and lat-er inspired by the examples ofJosef Stalin and Adolf Hitler,Hussein built a regime of cruel-ty and torture. He ordered the

use of poison gas against Kurd-ish civilians in northern Iraq,killing and maiming thousands.He drained the life-sustainingmarshes of southern Iraq topunish rebellious Shiites. Hewithheld precious medicinesfrom Iraqi children strickenwith cancer, then blamed inter-national economic sanctions forthe children’s suffering.

The 66-year-old dictator alsowas audacious and fearless inhis quest to dominate the Mid-

T H E D I C TATO R

Ruthless pursuit of powerleft his nation a shamblesCitizens, neighbors suffered long reign of terrorfrom man bent on dominating the Arab world

PLEASE SEE DICTATOR, PAGE 6

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F I N A L

157TH YEAR — NO. 349 CHICAGO TRIBUNE ~ 5 0 ¢ M O N D AY , D E C E M B E R 1 5 , 2 0 0 3 C H I C A G O L A N D

By Christine SpolarTribune foreign correspondent

BAGHDAD — U.S. troopsscouring a remote Iraqi farmplucked deposed dictator Sad-dam Hussein from a hole in theground where he was hiding,ending an eight-month hunt fora tyrant who implored his peo-ple to fight to the death but whosurrendered without a struggle.

The capture Saturday night inthe town of Ad Dawr, 10 milessouth of Tikrit, marked a majorvictory for the U.S.-led efforts inIraq.

“Ladies and gentlemen, wegot him,” said U.S. administra-tor Paul Bremer, giving officialconfirmation Sunday at a Bagh-dad news conference. “The ty-rant is a prisoner.”

In Washington, PresidentBush said the Iraqi’s capture“marks the end of the road forhim and for all who bullied andkilled in his name.” He vowedHussein would “face the justicehe denied to millions.”

“This afternoon I have a mes-sage for the Iraqi people,” Bushsaid. “You will not have to fearthe rule of Saddam Hussein everagain.”

American officials did notspecify who would try Hussein.But Iraqi leaders said theywanted him to stand public trialbefore a special Iraqi warcrimes tribunal established lastweek.

Hussein, 66, was whiskedaway for interrogation at an un-disclosed location, where he al-so met with members of the newIraqi Governing Council. Lt.Gen. Ricardo Sanchez said in-

U.S. military photo from TV image

After searching for months, U.S. soldiers found ex-Iraqi President Saddam Hussein hiding on a farm near his hometown of Tikrit.

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Ti g r is River

Ti g r is River

Tikrit

D E TA I LA R E A

Ad Dawr24

IRAQ

Baghdad

Tikrit

Lean-to

Basic kitchen

Hidingplace

Step

Farmhouse2 AK-47s, new clothes,$750,000 found

Courtyard

HIDING PLACECross section

Chicago Tribune/Keith Claxton, Charlos Gary, Rick Tuma, Adam Zoll

Air pipe

6 fe

et

Hussein found with pistol

Lid: Styrofoam and carpet

Hole was camou-flaged with bricks and dirt.

10:50 a.m. (Saturday, local Iraq time): U.S. officials receive tip Hussein may be hiding in one of two locations in Ad Dawr near Tikrit.

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16 p.m.: Around

600 soldiers begin moving on two sites.

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8:30 p.m.: Hussein is found hiding underground at a nearby farmhouse and taken into custody.

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8 p.m.: U.S. forces do not find Hussein in the search of one of the sites and cordon off the area to begin an intensive search.

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Events leading to Hussein’s capture

Suspectedhideouts

Ad Dawr

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Tig

ris Riv

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Note: Diagramsnot to scale; all times approximate

Sources: U.S. Dept. of Defense, AP

Bush tellsIraqis daysof living infear over

PLEASE SEE IRAQ, BACK PAGE

U.S. capturesSaddam HusseinHiding in hole, dictator taken without a shot

By Evan OsnosTribune foreign correspondent

AD DAWR, Iraq—His life onthe run ended in the valley thatcreated him.

Within sight of the villagewhere he was born, SaddamHussein was discovered Satur-day night huddled 6 feet under-ground, shielded only by a Sty-rofoam lid, a loyal town, and twoguards who fled when U.S.troops arrived.

The former Iraqi dictator hadfound shelter among the orangegroves, sheep pens and sunflow-er fields in this dun-coloredtown of low-slung homes andfarms, beside the lush greenbanks of the Tigris River. Formonths, U.S.-led forces hadscoured this region south of thecity of Tikrit, searching for evi-dence that Hussein had return-ed to his roots.

But they had found little morethan the fierce graffiti of resi-dents who refused to forgettheir famous son: “Saddam willbe back.”

That slogan, scrawled alongthe main street, turned out to betrue.

Around 8:30 p.m. Saturday,more than 600 U.S. soldiers ar-rived at this town of 38,000 peo-ple and descended on the farmsbeside the river. As troopsclosed in, the 66-year-old

T H E R A I D

‘He wasjust caughtlike a rat’

PLEASE SEE RAID, PAGE 9

By Stephen J. HedgesWashington Bureau

WASHINGTON — The sur-prise capture of deposed Iraqileader Saddam Hussein provid-ed a tangible triumph and psy-chological boost for the 150,000coalition soldiers in Iraq, but itwill not bring a significant shiftin the strategy and tactics ofU.S. forces there.

U.S. commanders and Penta-gon officials said Saturday’sevents reflected the fact thatmore useful intelligence is com-ing from Iraqis, even from thefiercely loyal, tribal cliques inHussein’s hometown of Tikrit.

Having Hussein in custody,the officials said, lifts the veil offear that has shrouded the Iraqipeople, a development thatcould work in U.S. forces’ favorin the coming weeks.

If it translates into significantgains against insurgents as wellas more peace and stability forIraqis, the toppled dictator’scapture could have implica-tions well beyond Iraq. At home,President Bush could find newsupport for his decision to in-vade Iraq and his re-electioncampaign could receive a boost.

Internationally, the UnitedStates might be better able to re-

T H E O C C U PAT I O N

A boost for forcesin the fight

PLEASE SEE EFFECT, PAGE 8

By Tom HundleyTribune foreign correspondent

LONDON — Now that they’vegot Saddam Hussein, the ques-tion is what to do with him.

Just days ago, Iraq’s Govern-ing Council announced plans fora special tribunal to try Husseinand other former regime leaders.But at Sunday’s news conferencein Baghdad, Lt. Gen. RicardoSanchez was careful to keep openall options when he said the Unit-ed States was still deciding whatto do with the former Iraqi dicta-tor.

The U.S. must decide whetherto turn over Hussein to an Iraqijudicial system that many ex-perts consider incapable of exe-cuting such a trial. The other op-tions include a U.S. military pro-ceeding or even a trial in a U.S.civilian court.

A swift trial and a date with

the executioner are the usual de-nouement for tyrants who werenot prudent enough to choose ex-ile while that was still an option.But in Hussein’s case, it seemsmore likely that justice will belong and slow and televised.

Political leaders and legal ex-perts are sharply divided on thebest way to proceed.

British Prime Minister TonyBlair suggested at a news confer-

WA R C R I M E S

Trial choices carry political baggage

New York Times photo by Tyler Hicks

Outside Communist Party offices Sunday in Baghdad, Iraqis cele-brate the capture of fugitive former President Saddam Hussein.

U.S. has optionsfor venue, format

PLEASE SEE JUSTICE, PAGE 10

Complete index, Page 2

Coverage continues, Pages 3-17