Information Technology Infrastructure - Cabling · PDF fileCabling Infrastructure: Policy and Standards . For Schools . ... J A Russell Ltd (Hubbell), Connector Systems Ltd ... 5 KEY

Ministry of Education

Information and Communications Technology (ICT)

Cabling Infrastructure:

Policy and Standards For Schools

Version 3.4

UFBiS Unit Curriculum, Teaching & Learning Implementation

Ministry of Education www.minedu.govt.nz

August 2011

UFBiS ICT Cabling Infrastructure: Policy& Standards

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Document Information

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The Ministry of Education, New Zealand, acknowledges with thanks the assistance and contribution of a number of organisations, institutions, statutory bodies, and individuals in the preparation of these Standards. In particular, the assistance of the following parties is acknowledged:

• Information Communications Technology Directorate, Department of Education and Training, Government of Western Australia, Torque IP, Telco Asset Management, 3M, J A Russell Ltd (Hubbell), Connector Systems Ltd (Molex), TE Connectivity, Leviton, Schneider Electric (NZ) Ltd .

DOCUMENT SPONSOR

Manager Ultra Fast Broadband In Schools (UFBiS) Curriculum, Teaching & Learning Implementation

DOCUMENT TITLE

Information and Communications Technology Cabling Infrastructure Policy and Standards for Schools


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Standards revision These Standards developed by the Ministry of Education are updated, according to the needs of the Ministry taking consideration of the long term needs of schools, best industry practices and the rules and regulations commonly applied by industry, by amendments or revision. Users of this Standard should make sure that they possess the latest amendments or editions. Representations concerning the need for a change to this Standard should be addressed to: Project Manager Schools Network Upgrade Programme (SNUP) Ministry of Education PO Box 1666 Thorndon 6011 Wellington Email: [email protected]


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Table of Contents DOCUMENT INFORMATION ............................................................................................. 2

STANDARDS REVISION ....................................................................................................... 3

TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................................................ 4 1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................... 8 1.1 PURPOSE ................................................................................................................... 8 1.2 SCOPE ....................................................................................................................... 8 2 DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS .................................................................................. 9 2.1 DEFINITIONS ............................................................................................................. 9 2.2 ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ......................................................................... 11 3 REFERENCE DOCUMENTS ................................................................................................ 12 3.1 NEW ZEALAND AND INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS ............................................... 12 3.2 REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS AND CODES OF PRACTICE ..................................... 13 3.3 APPLICATION OF THE STANDARDS ......................................................................... 13 4 GENERAL CONDITIONS .................................................................................................... 15 4.1 CABLING SYSTEM WORKS ..................................................................................... 15 4.2 NEW EQUIPMENT .................................................................................................... 15 4.3 MINOR MATERIALS, FITTINGS AND CONSUMABLES .............................................. 15 4.4 POLICE CLEARANCE FOR ACCESS TO SCHOOLS ..................................................... 15 4.5 ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION WORKS ..................................................................... 15 4.6 SITE CONDITIONS ................................................................................................... 16 4.7 SITE INSPECTIONS................................................................................................... 16 4.8 EQUIPMENT LOCATIONS ......................................................................................... 16 4.9 SITE REINSTATEMENT ............................................................................................ 16 4.10 COORDINATION WITH OTHER WORKS ................................................................... 16 5 STRUCTURED CABLING SYSTEMS: DESIGN STANDARDS ............................................... 18 5.1 GENERAL ................................................................................................................ 18 5.1.1 Background ......................................................................................................... 18 5.1.2 Structured Cabling System Description .............................................................. 18 5.2 APPLICATIONS AND CABLING PERFORMANCE ....................................................... 19 5.3 CABLING SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE ........................................................................ 20 5.3.1 Backbone Cabling ............................................................................................... 21 5.3.2 Horizontal Cabling .............................................................................................. 22 5.3.3 Copper Terminations .......................................................................................... 24 5.3.4 Optical Fibre Terminations ................................................................................. 24 5.4 CABLE ALTERNATIVES ........................................................................................... 24 5.4.1 Optical Fibre ....................................................................................................... 24 5.4.2 Balanced Copper ................................................................................................. 25 5.4.3 Maximum Cabling Channel Lengths .................................................................. 25 5.5 CABLE UTILISATION GUIDELINES .......................................................................... 26 5.5.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................... 26 5.5.2 General Cable Utilisation Guidelines ................................................................. 26 5.5.3 Cable Utilisation versus Location / Distance ...................................................... 27 5.6 CAPACITY AND DIMENSIONING .............................................................................. 28 5.6.1 General Dimensioning Requirements ................................................................. 28 5.6.2 Specific Dimensioning Requirements ................................................................. 28 5.7 SPARE CAPACITY.................................................................................................... 29 5.8 RETENTION OF EXISTING CABLING INFRASTRUCTURE .......................................... 29 5.8.1 Backbone cabling ................................................................................................ 29 5.8.2 Horizontal Cabling .............................................................................................. 29 5.9 CABLE REMOVAL ................................................................................................... 30 5.10 CABLE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS ............................................................................ 30 6 EXCLUSIONS ..................................................................................................................... 31


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6.1 BUILDING AND ELECTRICAL EARTHS .................................................................... 31 6.2 EXISTING CABLING ................................................................................................ 31 6.3 OTHER CABLING OR SYSTEMS ............................................................................... 31 7 SYSTEM DESIGN: ENVIRONMENTAL ............................................................................... 32 7.1 HEALTH AND SAFETY ............................................................................................. 32 7.1.1 Acoustic Noise .................................................................................................... 32 7.2 EQUIPMENT ROOMS................................................................................................ 33 7.3 LEGACY SYSTEM COMPATIBILITY ......................................................................... 33 7.4 ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ................................................................................... 33 7.4.1 Lightning Protection ........................................................................................... 33 7.4.2 Salt Spray ............................................................................................................ 33 7.4.3 Chemical Corrosion ............................................................................................ 33 7.4.4 Temperature Control ........................................................................................... 34 7.5 RELIABILITY ........................................................................................................... 34 7.6 ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY ..................................................................... 34 7.7 SECURITY ............................................................................................................... 34 8 EQUIPMENT ROOMS AND SERVICE ENTRY .................................................................... 36 8.1 ENTRANCE FOR NETWORK SERVICES .................................................................... 36 8.2 MAIN EQUIPMENT ROOM ....................................................................................... 36 8.3 COMMUNICATIONS CUPBOARDS/CLOSETS ............................................................ 37 8.4 AIR CONDITIONING AND TEMPERATURE CONTROL ................................................ 38 9 CABLE PATHWAYS AND ENCLOSURES ............................................................................ 39 9.1 GENERAL PATHWAY REQUIREMENTS .................................................................... 39 9.1.1 Pathway Route .................................................................................................... 39 9.2 INTRA-BUILDING PATHWAYS ................................................................................. 39 9.2.1 Vertical Risers ..................................................................................................... 39 9.2.2 Cable Tray ........................................................................................................... 39 9.2.3 Ducting and Conduits ......................................................................................... 39 9.2.4 Internal Catenary ................................................................................................. 39 9.3 INTER-BUILDING PATHWAYS ................................................................................. 40 9.3.1 Underground Pathways ....................................................................................... 40 9.3.2 Overhead Pathways ............................................................................................. 41 9.3.3 Aerial Pathways .................................................................................................. 42 9.4 ENCLOSURES / RACKS ............................................................................................ 42 9.4.1 General ................................................................................................................ 42 9.4.2 Free-standing Enclosures (Cabinets) .................................................................. 43 9.4.3 Wall-Mount Enclosures (Cabinets) ..................................................................... 43 9.4.4 Open Frame Racks .............................................................................................. 43 9.4.5 Enclosure Power ................................................................................................. 44 9.4.6 Cable Management ............................................................................................. 44 9.4.7 Enclosure Maximum Equipment Load ............................................................... 44 10 CABLING SYSTEM TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS ........................................................... 45 10.1 GENERAL ................................................................................................................ 45 10.2 OVERALL SYSTEM TRANSMISSION PERFORMANCE ............................................... 45 10.2.1 Horizontal Cabling Transmission Performance .................................................. 46 10.2.2 Backbone Cabling Transmission Performance ................................................... 46 10.3 BALANCED CABLING .............................................................................................. 47 10.3.1 General ................................................................................................................ 47 10.3.2 Outdoor Cabling.................................................................................................. 47 10.3.3 Category 6 UTP Cable and Connecting Hardware ............................................. 48 10.4 OPTICAL FIBRE CABLING ....................................................................................... 48 10.4.1 General ................................................................................................................ 48 10.4.2 Outdoor Optical Fibre Cable ............................................................................... 48 10.4.3 Indoor Optical Fibre Cable ................................................................................. 49 10.4.4 Multi-Mode Optical Fibre Cabling and Connecting Hardware .......................... 49


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10.4.5 Single-Mode Optical Fibre Cabling and Connecting Hardware ......................... 49 10.5 DISTRIBUTORS AND PATCH PANELS ...................................................................... 49 10.5.1 General ................................................................................................................ 49 10.5.2 Insulation Displacement Termination Blocks ..................................................... 49 10.5.3 Balanced Cabling Patch Panels ........................................................................... 49 10.5.4 Optical Fibre Patch Panels .................................................................................. 50 10.6 TELECOMMUNICATION OUTLETS ........................................................................... 50 10.7 BALANCED CABLING PATCH AND WORK AREA CORDS ........................................ 50 10.7.1 General ................................................................................................................ 50 10.7.2 Cat 6 UTP Work area Cords ............................................................................... 51 10.7.3 Cat 6 UTP Patch Cords ....................................................................................... 51 10.7.4 Cord Colour Scheme ........................................................................................... 51 10.8 OPTICAL FIBRE PATCH CABLES ............................................................................. 51 10.8.1 Optic Fibre Patch Cords ...................................................................................... 51 11 CABLING SYSTEM INSTALLATION PRACTICE ................................................................ 52 11.1 GENERAL ................................................................................................................ 52 11.1.1 Safety .................................................................................................................. 52 11.1.2 Qualifications of Installer ................................................................................... 52 11.1.3 Manufacturers Recommendations....................................................................... 52 11.1.4 Cable Lengths ..................................................................................................... 52 11.1.5 Segregation ......................................................................................................... 52 11.1.6 Concealment ....................................................................................................... 52 11.1.7 Earthing Protection ............................................................................................. 52 11.2 CABLE SUPPORT SYSTEMS AND PATHWAYS .......................................................... 53 11.2.1 General ................................................................................................................ 53 11.2.2 Horizontal Pathways ........................................................................................... 53 11.2.3 Backbone Pathways ............................................................................................ 53 11.2.4 Cable Trays ......................................................................................................... 53 11.2.5 Ducting/Trunking ................................................................................................ 54 11.2.6 Fasteners / Fixings / Ties .................................................................................... 54 11.2.7 Internal Catenaries and Above-cable Trays ........................................................ 55 11.2.8 Trenching and Drilling ........................................................................................ 55 11.2.9 Underground Conduits ........................................................................................ 56 11.2.10 Pits ...................................................................................................................... 56 11.2.11 External Catenaries / Conduits ............................................................................ 56 11.2.12 Penetrations ......................................................................................................... 57 11.2.13 Building Access .................................................................................................. 57 11.3 ENCLOSURES / CABINETS ....................................................................................... 58 11.3.1 Enclosure Installation .......................................................................................... 58 11.3.2 Enclosure Cable Entry ........................................................................................ 59 11.3.3 Cabling Within Enclosures ................................................................................. 59 11.3.4 Seismic Bracing .................................................................................................. 59 11.4 CABLE INSTALLATION ............................................................................................ 60 11.4.1 General ................................................................................................................ 60 11.4.2 Precautions During Installation of Cables .......................................................... 60 11.4.3 Balanced Cabling Installation ............................................................................. 61 11.4.4 Optical Fibre Cabling .......................................................................................... 61 11.5 TERMINATIONS ....................................................................................................... 62 11.5.1 Balanced Cable Termination ............................................................................... 62 11.5.2 Optical Fibre Cable Termination ........................................................................ 62 11.5.3 Telecommunication Outlets Positioning ............................................................. 62 11.5.4 Floor Boxes ......................................................................................................... 63 12 EARTHING AND TRANSIENT PROTECTION ..................................................................... 65 12.1 EARTHING ............................................................................................................... 65 12.2 TRANSIENT PROTECTION ........................................................................................ 65


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12.3 COMMUNICATIONS EARTHING SYSTEM ................................................................. 65 13 INSPECTION, TESTING AND COMMISSIONING ................................................................ 67 13.1 GENERAL ................................................................................................................ 67 13.2 INSPECTION ............................................................................................................ 67 13.3 BALANCED CABLING AND CONNECTING HARDWARE ........................................... 67 13.4 OPTIC FIBRE BACKBONE CABLING AND RELATED HARDWARE ............................ 68 14 LABELING ......................................................................................................................... 70 14.1 GENERAL ................................................................................................................ 70 14.2 ENCLOSURES .......................................................................................................... 70 14.3 PATCH PANELS ....................................................................................................... 70 14.4 HORIZONTAL UTP WIRING ..................................................................................... 71 14.5 LABELLING OF OUTLETS ........................................................................................ 71 14.6 GENERAL POWER OUTLETS: .................................................................................. 71 14.7 UNDERGROUND DUCTS: ......................................................................................... 71 15 ADMINISTRATION AND DOCUMENTATION ..................................................................... 72 15.1 GENERAL ................................................................................................................ 72 15.2 CONSTRUCTION DOCUMENTATION ........................................................................ 72 15.3 HANDOVER DOCUMENTATION ............................................................................... 72 16 WARRANTY ....................................................................................................................... 74 16.1 GENERAL ................................................................................................................ 74 16.2 INSTALLATION WARRANTY ................................................................................... 74 16.3 MANUFACTURERS WARRANTY .............................................................................. 74 17 CONTRACTOR QUALIFICATIONS ..................................................................................... 75 17.1 GENERAL QUALIFICATIONS ................................................................................... 75 17.2 INSURANCE ............................................................................................................. 75 17.3 CONTRACTOR SELECTION ...................................................................................... 75 17.3.1 Company Details ................................................................................................. 75 17.3.2 Qualifications and References ............................................................................ 75 17.3.3 Personnel Details and Qualifications .................................................................. 75 18 OTHER CONSIDERATIONS ................................................................................................ 77 18.1 ALLIED SYSTEMS.................................................................................................... 77

ADDENDUM 1: TYPICAL CLASSROOM LAYOUT FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS OUTLETS. ........................................................................... 78

CLASSROOM FRONT LAYOUT EXAMPLES ............................................................... 78

ADDENDUM 2: AIR CONDITIONING AND TEMPERATURE CONTROL .............. 80

ADDENDUM 3: GUIDANCE FOR INSTALLATION OF 10MA RCD PROTECTION IN PRIMARY SCHOOLS .................................................................................................... 82 1 AMENDMENT #1 TO THE WIRING RULES ....................................................................... 82 2 SCHOOLS COVERED BY THE REQUIREMENTS ................................................................ 82 3 AREAS IN SCHOOLS THAT REQUIRE 10MA RCD PROTECTION ..................................... 82 4 NOT INCLUDED IN THE REQUIREMENT ........................................................................... 83 5 KEY DESIGN CRITERIA .................................................................................................... 83 6 IMPLEMENTATION OPTIONS FOR INSTALLERS ............................................................... 84 6.1.1 Option 1: Integrated RCD supporting two outlets ............................................. 85 6.1.2 Option 2: Integrated RCD at each outlet ............................................................. 85 6.1.3 Option 3 - Separate panel mounted RCBO ......................................................... 86 6.1.4 Option 4 - RCBO mounted in the Switchboard .................................................. 86 6.1.5 Option 5 - Separate Plate Mounted RCD ............................................................ 87 6.2 RECOMMENDED OPTIONS FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF RCDS ........................... 87


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1 Introduction This document outlines the minimum standards adopted by the Ministry of Education for Information Technology Infrastructure Cabling in New Zealand schools.

This document is updated regularly as standards, school requirements and Ministry Policy change. Prior to using this document please confirm that it is the latest version. The latest version of the document may be obtained at http://www.minedu.govt.nz/networks

1.1 Purpose This document has been prepared by the Ministry of Education for use by New Zealand schools and other organisations which participate in the design and implementation of information technology infrastructure cabling systems for New Zealand schools. The document addresses information technology infrastructure cabling in new schools but applies equally to existing schools planning significant upgrades and extensions to existing infrastructures.

It provides minimum Standards in the following areas:

• Technical requirements for cabling systems • Product selection and system dimensioning • Design, installation and testing requirements • Cabling administration and documentation

1.2 Scope This document addresses the following areas:

• Structured cabling systems (SCS) comprised of balanced copper cabling and optical fibre cabling for use in New Zealand schools

• Cable pathways and equipment spaces including equipment rooms and equipment mounting.

http://www.minedu.govt.nz/networks


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2 Definitions and Abbreviations

2.1 Definitions Building backbone cabling – cable that connects the building distributor to a

floor distributor

Campus backbone cabling – cable that connects the campus distributor to the building distributor(s)

Campus distributor – distributor from which the campus backbone cabling starts

Category 5 (Cat 5) – A definition of cabling components which provide AS/NZS 3080 Class D performance

Category 5e – any reference to Category 5e shall be interpreted as Category 5.

Category 6 (Cat 6) – A definition of cabling components which provide AS/NZS 3080 Class E performance

Channel – end-to-end transmission path connecting two pieces of application specific equipment (includes patch leads and work areas cables)

Communications earth system – a system of earthing using common elements to provide earthing facilities for electrical and communications equipment within a premises

Consolidation Point – connection point in the horizontal cabling subsystem between a floor distributor and a telecommunications outlet

Contractor - is used within this document to indicate the party(s) responsible for the supply, installation, testing and warranty of cabling systems

Distributor – the term used for a collection of components (such as patch panels, patch cords) used to connect cables

Enclosure – a housing for accommodation of equipment and cabling that includes mounting rails and protective panels

Horizontal cabling – cable connecting the floor distributor to the telecommunications outlets

Ministry – means the Ministry of Education

Permanent link – transmission path between the telecommunications outlet and the floor distributor

Registered Jack 45 – in the USA RJ45 is the Universal Service Ordering Code (USOC) for circuit configuration 45 (either T568A or T568B) for an 8-position


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modular connector. In this document RJ45 shall mean a modular 8-pin connector wired according to T568A configuration in accordance with AS/NZS 3080 Z.A.2.

Site – means a school and includes the buildings and grounds in which a cabling system is installed

Structured Cabling System – a set of cabling and connectivity products that are constructed according to standardised rules to facilitate integration of voice, data, video, and other signals

TDM – Time Division Multiplex(ing)

Tenderer – means the entity requested to provide a quotation for the supply, installation, testing and warranty of cabling systems.


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2.2 Acronyms and Abbreviations 10GbE 10 Gigabit (per second) Ethernet BD Building Distributor CAD Computer Aided Design CD Campus Distributor CES Communications Earth System CP Consolidation Point DB Electrical distribution board EMC Electromagnetic compatibility EMI Electromagnetic interference EPR Earth Potential Rise FD Floor Distributor GbE Gigabit (per second) Ethernet GPO General Purpose (230Vac power) Outlet ICT Information and Communication Technology IDC Insulation Displacement Connection IP Internet Protocol LAN Local Area Network LASER Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation LC A small form factor optical fiber connector LED Light Emitting Diode MMOF Multi-mode Optical Fibre MT-RJ A small form factor optical fibre connector

(Mechanical Transport Registered Jack) MUTO Multi-user Telecommunications Outlet RFI Radio Frequency Interference RJ45 Registered Jack 45 (USOC reference) RU Rack Units (1RU = 44.5 mm) SCS Structured Cabling System SFF Small Form Factor (connector) SNUP School Network Upgrade Programme SMOF Single-mode Optical Fibre STP Shielded Twisted Pair TFEE Telecommunications Functional Earth Electrode TE Terminal Equipment TO Telecommunications Outlet TRC Telecommunications Reference Conductor UPS Uninterruptible Power Supply USOC Universal Service Ordering Code UTP Unshielded Twisted Pair UV Ultraviolet VoIP Voice over Internet Protocol WAP Wireless Access Point WLAN Wireless Local Area Network


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3 Reference Documents Cabling system works shall be carried out in accordance with the Regulations, Codes and Standards listed below.

Where New Zealand and International Standards are referenced in this document the application of the Standard shall be, unless specifically stated to the contrary, the latest edition and amendments available on the date 30 calendar days prior to the issue of any request for a quote, tender or proposal.

Where specifications or standards or any other references referred to in this document refer in turn to other specifications, standards or documents whether whole or in part, those consequential references shall apply to this specification as if they were completely contained in their entirety in the original reference.

3.1 New Zealand and International Standards The work covered by this Standard shall comply with the following New Zealand Standards. International Standards, Specifications and Technical Bulletins are offered as guidance.

Standard/Specification or Technical Bulletin Number

Description

AS/NZS CISPR 22 Information technology equipment – Radio disturbance characteristics – Limits and methods of measurement

AS/NZS 1269 Occupational noise management AS/NZS 2107 Acoustics – Recommended design sound levels and

reverberation times for building interiors AS/NZS 2967 Optical fibre communications cabling systems safety AS/NZS 3000 Electrical installations (known as the Australian / New Zealand

Wiring Rules) AS/NZS 3080 Telecommunications Installations – Integrated

Telecommunications Cabling Systems for Commercial Premises AS/NZS 3084 Telecommunications Pathways and Spaces for Commercial

Buildings. AS/NZS 3085.1 Telecommunications Installations Administration of

Communication Cabling System - Part 1: Basic Requirements. AS/NZS IEC 61935.1 Specification for the testing of balanced communications cabling

in accordance with values set out in AS/NZS 3080:2003. Part 1: Installed Cabling.

AS/NZS IEC 61935.2 Specification for the testing of patch cords in accordance with AS/NZS 3080:2003. Part 2: Patch cords & work area cords

AS/NZS 3087.3 Field testing of fibre optic cabling in accordance with AS/NZS 3080:2003

AS/NZS IEC 14763-1 Information Technology – Implementation & operation of customer premise cabling Part 1: Administration

AS/NZS IEC 14763-2 Information Technology – Implementation & operation of customer premise cabling Part 2: Planning & Installation

AS/NZS IEC 14763-3 Information Technology – Implementation & operation of customer premise cabling Part 3: Acceptance testing of optical fibre cabling

AS/NZS 4117 Surge protection devices for telecommunication applications AS/NZS 61000.6.3 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Generic emission

standard. Residential, commercial and light industry.


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Standard/Specification or Technical Bulletin Number

Description

IEC-60297 Part 1 and Part 2

Dimensions of mechanical structures of the 482.6 mm (19 in) series

AS/ACIF S009 Australian Standard – Installation requirements for customer cabling (Wiring Rules)

BICSI TDMM Telecommunications Distribution Methods Manual (TDMM) – 12th Edition

AS 2834-1995 Computer Accommodation

3.2 Regulatory Requirements and Codes of Practice Other than for compliance with the Electrical Regulations 1993 and relevant New Zealand Codes of Practice, there are NO regulatory requirements for telecommunications cabling components or design practices in New Zealand.

The Telecommunications Act 1987 gives Telecom New Zealand and any other Network Operators the right to refuse connection or to disconnect unsatisfactory cabling and components from their networks.

For cabling connected to Telecom New Zealand’s network, compliance with Telecom PTC specifications is a contractual requirement.

3.3 Application of the Standards It is a requirement of the Ministry that the installation of cabling systems be carried out in accordance with these Standards by inclusion in tender and contract documents (Ref: MOE Property Management Handbook Section 6.10 Information and Technology).

All school Structured Cabling System upgrade work undertaken through the School Network Upgrade Programme (SNUP) will be in accordance with this Standard.

It is recommended that schools follow these Standards in order to fully participate in the e-learning environment and protect their investment in Structured Cabling Systems.

In the event of conflict between these standards and other regulations, codes or standards the order of precedence shall be:

i) Statutory Codes and Regulations

ii) Standards or Specifications within the tender or contract

iii) This Ministry ICT Infrastructure Standard

iv) Referenced New Zealand and International Standards

Conflicts in requirements that are identified by Schools, Consultants, Tenderers or Contractors should be notified to:

SNUP Project manager Ministry of Education PO Box 1666 Thorndon, WELLINGTON


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Email: [email protected]


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4 General Conditions 4.1 Cabling System Works

The scope of work for the provision of cabling systems in schools typically includes supply, installation, testing, commissioning, labelling and documentation. Warranty provisions shall include on-site repair for a period of one year following completion of commissioning with a minimum defects liability period of 20 years.

Installation shall be carried out only by communications cabling system installers who hold current accreditation from the manufacturer of the cabling and connecting hardware as qualified to perform the cabling work relevant to the performance standard of the particular cabling system.

The installer’s test results may be confirmed by random tests made by the cabling system manufacturer.

4.2 New Equipment All cable and equipment shall be new and selected to ensure satisfactory operation under the environmental conditions present at the site.

Cables and equipment shall be delivered to site in the original packaging.

4.3 Minor Materials, Fittings and Consumables All materials and fittings or any work which is necessary for the satisfactory and efficient functioning of the installation or which is generally provided in accordance with accepted trade practices shall be provided or carried out as part of the works even though such material or work may not be explicitly mentioned in this specification or shown on the drawings.

4.4 Police Clearance for Access to Schools Contractors working at a school during school hours may be required by the school to be police vetted through the NZ Teachers Council. Information regarding police vetting is available at http://www.teacherscouncil.govt.nz

Many schools will also wish to induct visitors onto the site using the normal business practice of signing visitors into the school when they arrive and signing them out as they leave. Information typically required from visitors is:

Name Company name Purpose of visit Time in and Time out

Contractors working at schools should wear an identification tag while in the school grounds.

4.5 Electrical Installation Works All electrical power system work shall be undertaken by qualified Electricians in accordance with the relevant New Zealand Standards (AS/NZS 3000:2007).


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A special note should be taken for AS/NZS 3000: 2007 Amendment 1 (Clause 2.6.3.2.2) requiring the installation of 10mA RCD (Residual Currently Device) protection in primary schools. Guidance on compliance options for schools is provided in Addendum 3.

4.6 Site Conditions Tenderers and Contractors shall undertake the necessary investigations to fully inform themselves of the site conditions and other factors that could impact the cost and execution of works. This shall include but not be limited to:

• Hazards that may be present at the school (such as asbestos), • Heritage registration of buildings, • Environmental conditions including special precautions for protection of

flora and fauna, and • Local site conditions including weather factors.

4.7 Site Inspections Dimensions shall be checked on site. No claims will be allowed for errors due to scaling of drawings.

The Ministry recommends that the Contractor inspect the school prior to pricing to become familiar with the access, site conditions, and the existing installations. Ignorance of the existing conditions or installation will not be accepted as justification for claims.

4.8 Equipment Locations Equipment and cable pathways shall be installed in accordance with approved drawings and plans.

When deciding on a suitable location for equipment all factors as stated in section 7.1 of this document in relation to Health and Safety should be considered.

Additions or modifications to installed plant shall not be made without the written approval of the school. Such additions or modifications shall be detailed on drawings and plans.

4.9 Site Reinstatement All sites shall be re-installed to their former condition, to the satisfaction of the school’s representative. Site reinstatement must occur as soon as practicable after the works have been completed.

4.10 Coordination with Other Works Where the cabling system works is dependent upon or carried out in conjunction with other works at the school such as building, electrical or mechanical works and the like the cabling system provider shall coordinate cabling activities with other works with respect to:

• Use of the site and access facilities • Scheduling of the works and site construction resources and utilities • Maintaining mandatory segregation of services


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• Reinstatement


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5 Structured Cabling Systems: Design Standards 5.1 General

Structured cabling systems are generally intended to serve for a long period of time. However, it is likely that transmission system requirements will change during the life of the cabling system. For this reason it is important that the cabling system is designed to be flexible and scalable to accommodate future increased bandwidth requirements. This is particularly important where cabling is installed underground or in other locations where upgrades to plant can be expensive and disruptive.

5.1.1 Background The communications cabling system plays a critical role in telecommunications systems, providing the physical link between sources and destinations of information. Data, voice, video and control signals are transmitted over this infrastructure linking devices across the hall, throughout a building or across several buildings.

Cabling systems range in size from small and simple, linking just a few nodes, to large and complex, linking several buildings with tens of thousands of nodes.

The cabling system provides the physical link between active network equipment such as routers and switches, and the terminal equipment such as computers and telephones. Structured cabling systems (SCS) are typically comprised of unshielded twisted pair (UTP) copper cable and optical fibre cable.

To facilitate the day-to-day operations of a normal office environment, the cabling system must enable the user to make additions, moves and changes, wherever and whenever necessary. Furthermore, the SCS must also be flexible and provide the capability to carry a wide variety of applications - from high-speed local area network (LAN) applications to voice and low speed data.

As data throughput and transmission speeds continue to grow, greater demands are being placed on the UTP and optical fibre cabling plant. Emerging network applications, such as Gigabit Ethernet, use “parallel transmission schemes” to transmit signals simultaneously over multiple copper pairs instead of one pair. Delivery of these new services requires increased performance from cabling plant.

Other factors to be considered in relation to cabling system design and performance include:

• Convergence of data and voice applications including IP Telephony • Video delivery using the Internet Protocol (IP) • Wireless LAN technology

5.1.2 Structured Cabling System Description A Structured Cabling System is a set of cabling and connectivity products that are constructed according to standardized rules to facilitate integration of


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voice, data, video, and other signals. Use of such a system provides benefits in terms of rationalization of infrastructure costs and facilitating predictable performance.

For the purpose of this document a SCS is defined as the cabling, connecting hardware, terminations, patch cords and work area cords. Equipment enclosures and associated pathways and spaces are considered as ancillary items.

The cabling, connecting hardware, termination and interconnecting cords comprising the SCS shall be a matched solution from certified vendors. The two major advantages to this approach are:

• Manufacturers Warranty. Cabling equipment manufacturers offer a link performance warranty of 20 to 25 years if the installation uses approved components that are installed by a Contractor certified or accredited by the manufacturer. Uncertified installers using mixed brand products to construct cabling systems are likely to offer doubtful warranties of no better than 1 to 5 years.

• Performance Improvements. Independent testing has revealed that mixing cabling products from a number of manufacturers can have significant impact upon the performance of the cabling system thereby limiting the useful life of the installation.

In the case of work undertaken to change or expand an existing cabling installation the following requirements shall be applied: 1

• The new equipment shall be specified to ensure all existing warranties and system performance is maintained.

• The new equipment should be matched as closely as possible to the existing equipment unless a more up to date and cost effective solution is available or such matching would conflict with occupational health and safety requirements or mandatory standards.

• The number of differing types of equipment installed throughout a site should be kept to a minimum.

In the case of cabling for new buildings added to a school, the cabling system shall comply with the requirements of this document unless such compliance would create compatibility or performance issues.

5.2 Applications and Cabling Performance The Ministry’s minimum standard for new Horizontal Cabling installations is based on using Category 6 cabling components to provide a Class E infrastructure performance which is guaranteed to transport Gigabit Ethernet (GbE) and allow for emerging technologies as they develop.

The Ministry’s minimum standard for new Backbone Cabling installations is based on using OM3 optical fibre cable or short lengths of Cat 6 UTP (up to 37m channel length). IEEE standards have been ratified for 10 Gigabit Ethernet (10GbE) on OM3 optical fibre and it is likely that backbone

1 This applies specifically to existing buildings and does not apply to new buildings on the same site.


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infrastructure will be required to support 10GbE transmission in the foreseeable future.

School cabling systems shall be constructed to conform to AS/NZS 3080 – Telecommunications installations – Generic cabling for commercial premises.

AS/NZS 3080 specifies six performance classes (A, B, C, D, E and F) for balanced cabling channels. Only Class D and Class E performance is considered in this document.

Balanced cable channel performance is classified according to the maximum frequency at which performance is specified. Class D is specified to 100 MHz while Class E is specified to 250 MHz.

Gigabit Ethernet (1000BASE-T) is supported by Class D and Class E (Class E system will support all Class D applications).

The maximum channel length is 100m for both Class D and Class E. The cable and components used within balanced cabling systems are classified according to Category. Category 5 components provide Class D performance while Category 6 components provide Class E performance.

AS/NZS 3080 defines three operating ranges for optical fibre transmission using four types of optical fibre cable.

Operating ranges are specified for 300m (OF-300), 500m (OF-500) and 2,000m (OF 2000). These distances are the minimum distances over which supported applications shall operate.

The defined optical fibre types are OM1, OM2, OM3 and OS1. The M in this case signifies multi-mode while the S signifies single-mode. OM1 is 50 or 62.5/125µm (200/500MHZ) and OM2 is 50 or 62.5/125µm (500/500MHz) while OM3 is 50/125µm (1500/500MHz) laser optimized optical fibre cable.

5.3 Cabling System Architecture The conceptual arrangement of a generic cabling system (from AS/NZS 3080) is illustrated below:

Terminal

CD BD FD CP TO

Work areacabling

Horizontal cablingsubsystem

Building backbonecabling subsystem

Campus backbonecabling subsystem

Generic cabling system

Fig 1: Generic Cabling System

The distributors (Campus Distributer, Building Distributer and Floor Distributer) provide the means to construct different cabling system topologies such as bus, star and ring, or a combination of these. Furthermore,


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the distributor functions may be combined, and the consolidation point may or may not be included in the cabling between the Telecommunications Outlet (TO) and the distributor.

The Structured Cabling System within a school will often combine the Building Distributor (BD) and Floor Distributor (FD) functions. A conceptual layout that could be typically applied at a school is illustrated below.

The lead-in cable providing the interface to carrier services will normally be located at the building that is closest to the carrier infrastructure.

Fig 2: Conceptual cabling Layout

The major components of the SCS are described in the following sections.

5.3.1 Backbone Cabling Backbone cabling includes both campus and building backbone cabling subsystems. The backbone cabling generally provides interconnection

Work StationOutlets

Work StationOutlets

Block A

PABX, servers, etc

Administration, Library orSimilar Building

Work StationOutlets

Work StationOutlets

BD/FD

FD

FDBuilding BackboneCabling

FD

BD

Block B

FD

Campus BackboneCabling Horizontal Cabling

Work StationOutlets

Block C

BD/FD

External Network

Work StationOutlets

Temporary Building

BD/FDCampus BackboneCabling

CD/BD

Equipment Room


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between active network equipment that may be within the same building or in separate buildings.

Campus backbone cabling runs between buildings and shall typically be optical fibre. In cases where the path length is very short (i.e. between closely spaced buildings) and the risk of damage due to earth potential differences is very low, it may be possible to use balanced copper cabling for the campus backbone. UTP backbone cables lengths shall not be less than 15m to avoid the effect of “short link resonance”. The cabling design consultant will be able to provide guidance.

Building backbone cabling runs within buildings and provides the interconnection between the floor distributors and building distributors, and in some cases between a campus distributor and building / floor distributors. Building backbone cabling shall generally be optical fibre. However, copper cable may be used for building backbone cabling where path lengths are short. Balanced copper building backbone cabling shall be multiple 4-pair UTP for Category 6.

Cabling requirements for voice communications depend on the technology used for voice switching. Internet Protocol (IP) Telephony systems transport voice signals as data over the common optical fibre backbone cabling. For the older (TDM) telephone systems dedicated balanced cabling will be required in the backbone.

Where backbone cables are run through ducting, sufficient slack of at least one loop must be retained in all inspection pits.

Where backbone cables are being installed, a minimum of 3 copper voice ties shall be installed. Cat 6 ties may be installed in underground ducts to facilitate voice connectivity.

5.3.2 Horizontal Cabling The horizontal cabling subsystem extends from a floor distributor to the telecommunications outlet(s) connected to it. It includes consolidation points (CP) that may be in the path and distributor patch cords but does not include work area cords between the terminal equipment and the TO.

The horizontal cabling shall be a star topology connecting each workplace telecommunications outlet to a patch point at a distributor as shown below.

Terminal

FD

TO

Terminal

TO

Terminal

TO

Terminal

TO

Fig 3: Horizontal Cabling


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Horizontal cabling for new installations shall be Category 6 4-pair 100ohm UTP balanced cable.

5.3.2.1 Horizontal Cabling Variations

The preferred horizontal cabling arrangement is a continuous 4-pair UTP cable between the TO and the distributor as shown above. However two variations to this arrangement may be permitted for changes to existing installation – these being the use of consolidation points (CP) and multi-user telecommunications outlets (MUTO). CP and MUTO arrangements are primarily intended to reduce the effort associated with rearrangements occurring in open-office style environments. The CP or MUTO is installed within close proximity to a cluster of TOs as shown below. In the event of rearrangement, the cabling between the distributor and the CP/MUTO can be retained. If extending existing cabling then patch panel to the CP shall be a minimum of 15m and CP to TO shall be a minimum of 5m.

Terminal

FD

CP TO

Terminal

TO

TerminalMUTO

Terminal

TO

Terminal

Terminal

Fig 4: CP and MUTO Arrangement

CPs are used with solid copper UTP and are constructed using insulation displacement punch-down termination blocks.

MUTOs provide a number of RJ45 outlets and are designed to accommodate the flexible work area cords.

CP and MUTO arrangements shall not be used in new installations. 5.3.2.2 Wireless LAN Interfaces

Wireless LAN (WLAN) equipment conforming to the IEEE 802.11 standards is progressively being deployed. WLAN equipment is not considered to form part of the cabling system. However, WLANs may provide a cost effective alternative to extending the coverage of existing network infrastructures but horizontal cabling is necessary to connect the wireless access points to the network infrastructure and this aspect is briefly discussed below.


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Options for positioning of the wireless access point are provided in Addendum 1.

Placement of outlets used to interface the network infrastructure with WLAN access points should consider the following:

• WLAN antennas should be located at elevated positions in accordance with the manufacturer’s specification to provide optimum coverage and to minimise potential for exposure to radiation.

• Multiple access points may be required to cover large or irregularly shaped spaces. Outlet spacing needs to be designed with due consideration of coverage, building construction materials, and interference.

• Proximity of electrical outlets to provide power to the WLAN access point must be considered if the access point does not support Power-over Ethernet (PoE) technology.

• Outlets should not be located near to microwave ovens or other sources of interference.

• Data and power outlets for access points must be internal to buildings with provision for external antennas (where required) in secure positions with a low risk of vandalism.

5.3.3 Copper Terminations The means of terminating balanced copper cabling shall be the modular 8-pin sockets (commonly known as RJ45) and plugs using the T568A standard.

The method of termination at the RJ45 sockets will be by Insulation Displacement Connection (IDC). The IDC blocks will be fitted to 19” rack mount frames at the FD and to flush plates, selected to match other electrical fittings in style and colour, at the TO.

5.3.4 Optical Fibre Terminations Optical fibre cable shall be terminated with LC type fibre connectors.

5.4 Cable Alternatives Cable specifications are included in section 10.

5.4.1 Optical Fibre Single-mode optical fibre (SMOF) is commonly used in long haul optical fibre routes or in high bandwidth applications. Multi-mode optical fibre (MMOF) conforming to IEC 60793-2-10 type A1b (62.5/125µm) has been widely deployed in New Zealand within campus and building cabling system backbones.

MMOF conforming to IEC 60793-2-10 type A1a.2 (50/125µm)OM3 is now the preferred type of cable.

Two GbE transmission systems are specified by the IEEE for optical fibre depending on the transceiver (light source) that is used. One option is known


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as 1000BASE-SX (850nm - short wavelength laser) and the other is 1000BASE-LX (1,300nm - long wavelength laser). GbE interface modules are also available at 1,550nm for use with single-mode optical fibre cable. A range limit of 275 m applies for 1000BASE-SX over 62.5/125µm (ISO grade) or 220 m over 62.5/125 (TIA grade) OM1 multi-mode optical fibre. A range limit of 550m applies to 1000BASE-LX over both types of fibre.

10GbE operation using 850nm (10GBASE-S) is defined by the IEEE for 50/125µm MMOF but not for 62.5/125µm MMOF. Operating range in this case is restricted to 82m for OM2 cable and 300m for OM3 (laser optimized) cable. The only system recognized within AS/NZS 3080 for 10GbE using 62.5/125µm MMOF (10GBASE-LX4) utilises four carriers operating with wavelengths near to 1,300nm to achieve a 300m maximum operating range.

Optical fibre cable for school cabling systems shall be constructed using OM3 MMOF or SMOF in accordance with section 5.5.

5.4.2 Balanced Copper Balanced cabling subsystems shall be constructed using Category 6 balanced unshielded twisted pair (UTP) cable.

Shielded twisted pair (STP) cabling is intended for use only in environments subject to high levels of electromagnetic interference or where extremely low levels of electromagnetic radiation are required.

5.4.3 Maximum Cabling Channel Lengths Maximum channel lengths specified by AS/NZS 3080 (Table 1 Clause 5.7.1) are:

• 100m for the horizontal cabling channel • 2000m for the campus backbone + building backbone + horizontal cabling

channel

The length of the components of the horizontal cabling channel shall not exceed the distance set out in AS/NZS 3080 considering the appropriate length de-rated for maximum ambient temperatures above 20°C except that the length of work area cords shall not exceed 5m.

The length of the components of the backbone (balanced) cabling channel shall not exceed the distance set out in AS/NZS 3080 considering the appropriate length de-rated for maximum ambient temperatures above 20°C.

Maximum channel lengths specified for optical fibre cable2,3 are as follows:

Network Application

Wavelength 50/125µm 62.5/125µm 9/125µm

100BASE-FX 1,300nm 2,000m 2,000m 2,000m

2 Channel lengths for multi-mode cable for 100BASE-FX, 10000BASE-SX and 1000BASE-LX are from Table F.4 of AS 3080. 3 Channel lengths for 10GBASE-SR are from IEEE 802.3ae


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Network Application

Wavelength 50/125µm 62.5/125µm 9/125µm

1000BASE-SX 850nm 550m 275m N/A

1000BASE-LX 1,300nm 550m 550m 5,000m4

10 GBASE-SR 850nm 82m 33m N/A

10 GBASE-LX4 1,300/1,310nm 300m 300m 10,000m

10 GBASE-LR/LW 1,310nm N/A N/A 10,000m

10 GBASE-ER/EW 1,550nm N/A N/A 40,000m

Table 1 Optical fibre channel lengths

5.5 Cable Utilisation Guidelines

5.5.1 Introduction The optimum cable arrangement will depend on the circumstances of the particular installation. Factors that must be considered in the determining the composition of the SCS include:

• Distances between distributors and outlets • Compatibility with existing cabling and equipment • The equipment that will use the cabling system and constraints that such

equipment may introduce with regard to supported interface modules • Environmental factors such as salt atmosphere and prevalence of lightning Guidelines for utilisation of the various cabling alternatives with respect to distance and locations are included in the following subsections.

5.5.2 General Cable Utilisation Guidelines External (outdoor) cable routes shall typically utilise optical fibre cable to provide:

• Increased bandwidth and resultant ability to support higher transmission rate application

• Improved protection against damage due to voltage transients, electrical noise and lightning

SMOF (OS1) shall be used for routes exceeding 300m. OM3 optical fibre cable may be used where:

• It is necessary to interface to legacy network equipment that utilises LED transceivers or otherwise requires a multi-mode interface

• Length of the cable route does not exceed 300m Underground pathways are preferred for external cable routes but above ground routes may be necessary in some circumstances and are acceptable when:

4 In accordance with IEEE 802.3


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• The pathway is fully covered and the cabling is installed within protective conduit or ducting for the entire external section of the cable route

External (outdoor) cable routes utilising balanced copper cabling are subject to the following additional constraints:

• The distance between distributor connection points shall not exceed 25m, • The electrical earths of the buildings in which the cable terminates shall be

bonded. The potential difference between building earths should not exceed 1V rms and

• Transient voltage protection is provided at each termination point of the cable (Note: that the use of transient voltage protection is likely to affect the channel performance).

External cabling routes using a catenary wire for support shall only be used in circumstances where alternative underground or above ground pathways are impractical. Due to the susceptibility of lightening strike and the potential equipment damage this may cause, only optical fibre cable is to be used in this situation.

Category 6 cabling and components shall be used for balanced cabling subsystems at new schools.

5.5.3 Cable Utilisation versus Location / Distance Guidelines for cabling selection for campus backbone, building backbone and horizontal cabling are included below.

• Campus backbone cabling (external inter-building):

• OS1 6-core minimum for all channel lengths greater than 300m • OM3 6-core minimum where channel length does not exceed 300m • Not less than three 4-pair Category 6 cables for short protected cable

routes where the risk of transient voltage damage is minimal. • Category 6 cable for voice applications. Multipair (25-pair) cable may

be considered if the number of (non-IP) telephone services exceeds 10.

• Building backbone cabling (internal intra-building):

• OS1 6-core minimum for all channel lengths greater than 300m • OM3 6-core minimum for all channel lengths less than 300m • Category 6 4-pair UTP cables for floor distributors that serve up to 12

outlets and where Category 6 cabling is used for the horizontal cabling subsystem (i.e. new work and major upgrades)

• Category 6 4-pair UTP cables or multipair (25-pair) cable for voice applications

• Horizontal cabling:

• Category 6 for new works • Category 5 for additions to existing and retained Category 5 installations


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5.6 Capacity and Dimensioning

5.6.1 General Dimensioning Requirements General dimensioning requirements are as below:

• The total number of outlets at schools should not exceed the total number of students plus teachers.

• Every general classroom learning space should have between 4 and 8 telecommunications outlets (TO)

• Sufficient TOs should be installed to allow connection of all existing (or proposed within the current 5YA Property Plan) computing equipment

• Each outlet (TO) should have an adjacent dual general power outlet (GPO). Only one dual GPO is required for the TO allocated to a WAP..

• Telecommunication outlets should in general be provided in dual format (two adjacent GPOs would therefore be required).

• GPOs are not retrofitted to existing TOs • Work area cords shall be provided on the following basis:

- Category 6 - Immediate requirements plus 10% for spares - 3.0m in length

• Patch cords shall be provided on the following basis: - Category 6 - Immediate requirements plus 10% for spares - 1.0m in length

• Optical fibre patch cords shall be provided on the following basis: - The total number of patch cords per distributor shall equal the

number of optical fibre ports - Optical fibre patch cords shall be provided as standard manufactured

items of standard length and shall be as short as is practicable to minimise excess cable management requirements.

5.6.2 Specific Dimensioning Requirements Unless otherwise specified the distribution of data outlets for schools shall be as follows:

Room Type Outlets

Description

Standard classroom

4-8 Standard learning area with no high density computing device requirements. Dual TOs to be provided. One dual TO to be allocated for a WAP and other high mounted equipment (PoE injector may be used in place of this)

Specialist classroom

Up to 24 Higher density computing devices required such as Art, Design & Technology, Computer or business studies.

Library/Resource Centre

Up to 24 As a general rule, 1 dual outlet per 10m2 of floor space. Wireless access may be planned or already in place thereby reducing the requirement.

Art/music/cooking Up to 8 Special purpose learning areas for non ICT

Manual arts Up to 8 Specialist manual arts learning areas


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Staff work areas 1 dual per 2 work stations plus 2 extra

Staff or collegiate work areas are used by teaching staff for preparation and administration. The distribution of data outlets should be 1 dual outlet per workstation, plus an allowance for printers and phones. The allowance for GPOs is one dual for one dual TO

Administration work areas

2 dual per work area

Administration work areas include individual work areas or offices for librarian, receptionist, Principal, Deputy, etc. The work area is defined for a single person and includes provision for telephones. The allowance for GPOs is one dual for one dual TO

Note: Areas that are used for computing equipment that are not outlined in the above table shall have dual outlets installed at no closer than 1600mm centres.

5.7 Spare Capacity Taking a reasonable approach, the cabling system at the time of installation should be dimensioned to provide spare capacity as follows:

• Equipment rooms shall allow for an increase in the number of racks or enclosures by 25% or 1 whichever is the greater. For example, equipment rooms with 1 to 4 enclosures shall allow space for one further enclosure. An equipment room with 5 enclosures shall provide space for a further two enclosures.

• Enclosures and racks should be no more than 60% occupied at installation. • New pathways should be no more than 50% occupied at installation. • New cable trays should be no more than 50% occupied at installation. • New conduits should be able to accommodate a 50% increase in

occupancy at installation. • Newly installed balanced cabling backbone (CD/BD–BD/FD) for data

services should have no less than two unused 4-pair UTP cables. • Newly replaced balanced cabling backbone (CD/BD–BD/FD) for voice

services should have no less than 25% spare capacity relative to the number of pairs allocated to voice services between the FD and connected TOs.

5.8 Retention of Existing Cabling Infrastructure

5.8.1 Backbone cabling Cat 6 cables may provide a 10Gbps services for up to 37 meters channel length. Existing Cat 6 cables can therefore be retained for backbone requirements providing that the permanent link length is no longer than 32 metres, complies (or can be made to comply with) with good installation practices and passes performance testing.

5.8.2 Horizontal Cabling A sensible economic decision needs to be made by the on-site auditor and installation company as to whether or not existing cabling infrastructure could be retained. The following is a guide to assist in this decision:

1. Only Cat 6 and Cat 5e cables should be retained


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2. Poor quality installations should be removed or modified to meet this installation Standard.

3. For a good existing standard of installation then channel performance testing should be carried out along with all other channel performance testing required at the completion of the installation.

4. Retained cabling should be integrated into the new installation as best as possible, labeled consistently but clearly identified as being excluded from the new warranty.

5. For poor installation not meeting this Standard, or tests are failed, then cabling should be removed.

6. There is no requirement for existing cabling to be warranted retrospectively but some may already have an existing warranty.

7. If no additional TOs and power outlets are required in an area (or block) then the existing cabling shall be tested to the appropriate link class and retained if tested OK.

8. The system designer will need to make an economic decision as to whether to replace the old system or retain it.

9. Under SNUP retained TOs will not be retrofitted with additional GPOs where none or less than one dual GPO per TO exists.

Any cabling being retained, that is not properly secured, e.g. laying on the ground, shall be rectified.

5.9 Cable Removal All cabling that does not meet the required Standard should be removed from site prior to any new installation where practical. Consideration should however be given to service continuity and ensuring a minimal service disruption period during installation. This includes associated pathways and the repair of any building structures as a result of the removal.

5.10 Cable Management systems Existing cable management in an enclosure can be retained and used for new cabling in conjunction with new installations providing this does not compromised the cable manufacturer’s warranty.


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6 Exclusions 6.1 Building and Electrical Earths

Building earth systems and electrical earth systems shall be provided as part of the building works.

Earthing and related works by the cabling system Contractor shall be limited to the following:

• Provision of communications earth system (CES) where specified as part of the works.

• Provision of telecommunications reference conductor earthing system (TRC) where specified as part of the works.

• Bonding of the cabling system equipment, enclosures, components, pathways and the like to the relevant earthing system including provision of earth bars, cabling and connections as required.

6.2 Existing Cabling There is no requirement to modify existing cabling and related systems installed and completed prior to the commencement of any new works, except where necessary to achieve a successful merger of old cabling with new works on the same site or to bring the installation up to the required Standard.

Cabling that has been provided in accordance with earlier standards will generally be retained in service unless there is sufficient justification for replacement of the cabling as part of an upgrade or redevelopment or if cabling performance is inadequate for new communications facilities.

Any existing Class D or Class E cabling that is deemed to be retained by the school or project manager shall be tested to the appropriate class performance specification. If the link fails it shall be either replaced or brought up to specification.

6.3 Other Cabling or Systems Related cabling or systems that are outside the scope of these Standards include:

• Network equipment, such as servers and switches, that are connected to the SCS

• Master Antenna Television (MATV) cabling and equipment • Security systems • Wireless LAN equipment • Radio based carrier interface • Patch by exception balance cable termination systems


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7 System Design: Environmental 7.1 Health and Safety

Optical fibre systems shall meet the requirements of AS/NZS 2967 – Optical fibre communications cabling systems safety. Connectors that are not in use shall have dust covers or equivalent fitted to protect against potential laser exposure.

Wall mounted enclosures shall be located to avoid injury to persons. Requirements are specified in section 11.3.1. Telecommunications outlets shall be positioned to provide ready access without excessive bending or stretching.

The layout and location of the cabling system and pathways shall ensure that equipment, access facilities and metallic components shall not be placed in a location where the earth potential rise (EPR) could exceed 430V a.c. under power system fault conditions. If a building is supplied only with 230V a.c. single phase or 400V a.c. 3 phase power, there will be no need to consider EPR unless the installation is within the hazard zone of a high voltage transformer. Where the installation cannot be placed in an EPR hazard-free zone, the installation shall not proceed except on the basis of a design by a Chartered Professional Engineer.

The TOs in the classrooms should not be in the same corner as the sink (water), or within two meters either side of a door.

No open pits, holes, trenches, or access areas, are to be left unattended at any time. All are to be clearly marked and secured in accordance with OSH regulations and all ground or structural disturbances are to be secured and/or removed at the end of each day’s work in accordance with OSH regulations.

7.1.1 Acoustic Noise Equipment enclosure locations shall be selected such that noise levels in work areas arising from the enclosed equipment, when combined with other sources of work area noise, shall be maintained within the limits specified by AS/NZS 2107. Recommended design sound levels are given in Table 1 of AS/NZS 2107, from which the following design details are extracted.

Type of Occupancy / Design sound Level (LAeq dBA) Reverberation Activity Satisfactory Maximum Time (s)

Art / Craft Studio 40 45 0.6 – 0.8 Computer Room – Teaching 40 45 0.4 – 0.6 Duplicating Rooms / Stores 45 50 0.6 – 0.8 Library – General Area 40 50 0.4 – 0.6 Library – Reading Area 40 45 0.4 – 0.6 Teaching Areas – Primary 35 45 0.4 – 0.5 Teaching Areas – Secondary 35 45 0.5 – 0.6


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In general, the recommended design sound levels should be achievable by installing the equipment enclosure in a room which is distant enough from work areas that sufficient attenuation of the noise transmission path between the equipment and the listeners is provided.

7.2 Equipment Rooms Equipment rooms shall meet the requirements of section 8.2 and shall be designed with due consideration of the following:

• AS/NZS 3084 Clause 6 and Appendix ZB. • Space for future expansion • Safety – equipment layout shall not restrict escape routes • Acoustic noise requirements identified in section 7.1.1 • Suitable access to equipment for installation and maintenance • Provision of space for entry of public network services • Access to the room from outside for the transport of equipment • Equipment enclosures shall not be installed in positions where exposure to

moisture is likely e.g. under air conditioning vents

7.3 Legacy System Compatibility Cabling system design shall consider the interface requirements of legacy equipment in existing installations.

7.4 Environmental Factors The equipment comprising the cabling system shall be suitable for the environmental conditions at the particular school.

The cabling system layout, including equipment room and distributor locations, shall consider cabling and network equipment environmental performance specifications and manufacturers recommendations.

7.4.1 Lightning Protection Special consideration shall be given to earthing practices in areas prone to lighting activity. Protection against earth potential differences shall be provided for equipment connected to outdoor copper cabling.

Transient voltage protection for cabling shall be compatible with the earthing system provided at the facility. Particular attention needs to be taken where separate building earths may not be bonded.

7.4.2 Salt Spray Particular care shall be taken for installations in coastal regions to minimise the exposure of equipment to salt. Equipment enclosures and distributors shall not be installed in open areas. Equipment room vents shall be fitted with filters to minimise salt spray ingress.

7.4.3 Chemical Corrosion Equipment rooms and distributors shall not be located near to corrosive atmospheric or environmental conditions.


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Storage areas for cleaning solvents and other chemical products shall not be used to house cabling equipment and shall not be adjacent to equipment rooms or equipment room vents.

7.4.4 Temperature Control Equipment room design shall include consideration of HVAC to dissipate the heat produced by active equipment and to maintain a comfortable working temperature in accordance with AS/NZS 3084 ZB2.3.4.6.2.

Enclosures shall be equipped with vented panels to facilitate air flow for cooling active equipment.

7.5 Reliability Floor mount boxes accommodating telecommunications outlets shall not be used in areas where water ingress is possible.

Floor mounted telecommunications outlets shall not face upward and shall be protected from the ingress of dust and other foreign matter.

7.6 Electromagnetic Compatibility There are presently no EMC regulations covering cabling installations and systems. However, the following cabling installation practices are recommended to limit the risk of interference to other services and the risk of interference from unwanted external emissions.

For unscreened cabling, the EMC performance of the installed cabling is controlled by its ‘balance’. Balance is a measure of the control exercised over the physical relationship of individual conductors inside the cable or connecting hardware and is, therefore, a critical parameter during the manufacture of the high performance cables and connecting hardware used in generic cabling. Hence, it is necessary to utilize installation methods that maintain the original balance of the cabling components.

In general, it is required that manufacturers of transmission equipment take full account of the contribution of the cabling to the overall EMC of the transmission system. In this case it is necessary to ensure that the performance of the installed cabling channel is within the limits specified by the transmission equipment.

Transmission equipment shall meet the requirements of AS/NZS CISPR 22.

Complete systems are required to meet AS/NZS 4251.1:1999.

To facilitate satisfactory EMC performance of the overall SCS the design of cable routes and pathways shall take due consideration of the recommendation included in AS/NZS 3080 ZA.1.3.3 and AS/NZS 3080 ZA.3.2.

7.7 Security In general, it should be necessary to pass at least two points of restriction to access equipment. This is achieved by using lockable doors to rooms housing equipment enclosures and providing lockable equipment enclosures. Open racks in lockable equipment rooms accessible from ‘staff-only’ areas may also be acceptable.


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Pits and external plant should be placed as unobtrusively as is practicable so as not to attract attention.

External cabling installed in overhead pathways shall be installed within protective conduits or ducts.


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8 Equipment Rooms and Service Entry 8.1 Entrance for Network Services

The lead-in point for network services to the school will generally be located in close proximity to the delivery of other public services and be located in a building close to the street to minimize trenching and the length of cables. Service entry facilities should be planned in consultation with the service provider.

8.2 Main Equipment Room The main equipment room shall be used to accommodate the major items of telecommunications equipment such as telephone system, routers, switches and servers and shall be the central point of the cabling system.

It is generally advisable to establish a dedicated equipment room for installations where two or more free standing cabinets are required at a single location.

The interface to network services may be located elsewhere on the campus.

Main equipment rooms shall meet the following requirements:

a) The main equipment room shall be appropriate to the size of the school. AS/NZS 3084 specifies a useable area of not be less than 14m2 with a minimum width of 3m for special use buildings such as schools. However, most schools will not require a room of this size. A large closet of at least 2m wide and no less than 1.2m deep with double outward-opening doors each 900mm wide by 2000mm high which, when fully open, effectively provide a work space in front of the equipment, may be acceptable in small schools.

b) The clear height (i.e. without obstructions) shall not be less than 2.4m.

c) The door to the equipment room shall open outwards and be a minimum of 900mm wide and 2000mm high. The doors shall be lockable.

d) The room shall house only telecommunications and computing equipment and related compatible equipment.

e) The equipment room shall include an earth bar that is bonded to the building electrical earth system in accordance with AS/NZS 3000.

f) Equipment rooms shall not be located near to sources of electromagnetic interference (EMI) or radio-frequency interference (RFI) such as radio transmitters, lift motors, transformers or arc welding equipment. Location shall be selected in accordance with AS/NZS 3084 ZB2.3.2.4.

g) Ready access to the equipment room for authorized personnel shall be available on a 24 hour, 7 days a week basis.

h) Where the network services entry is in the main equipment room, the room will need to accommodate network interface devices and the building entry distributor cable frames (MDF).


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i) Suitable pathways shall be provided to the building pathways, campus pathways, and to the network services entrance if separate to the campus pathways.

j) Floor loading shall meet the requirements of AS/NZS 3084 ZB2.3.2.2.

k) No water pipes, high voltage or power supply cables shall be installed within the equipment room. Water sprinklers shall also be avoided.

l) No air ducts, except those that provide service to the equipment room, shall be routed through the equipment room

m) There should be no openings in the room except for the door, the ventilation/air-conditioning ducts and cabling ducts. Windows must be shut and sealed. If necessary, window coverings and security grilles should be provided. Wall, ceiling and floor penetrations, openings and doors shall adhere to the relevant building codes with respect to fire resistance.

n) The room shall not be located where it is exposed to vibration due to vehicles or machinery.

o) Lighting shall be provided in the room in accordance with AS/NZS 3084 ZB2.3.4.8.

p) A dedicated electrical power supply should be provided to the room. The power supply shall be connected to an essential supply generator if available.

q) Electrical power shall be distributed via dedicated single-phase circuits with minimum 15A rated circuit breaker protection.

r) The temperature and humidity in the room shall be controlled to provide an operating range between 18°C and 24°C with 30% to 55% humidity as per AS/NZS 3084 ZB2.3.4.6.2. In most schools this will be achieved with passive convection ventilation.

8.3 Communications Cupboards/Closets Communications Rooms and Cupboards are to be strategically located to restrict UTP cable runs to less than 90m and to minimise the number of cupboards/rooms required. Locations shall be selected to meet equipment room environmental and access requirements as far as is practicable.

In buildings where communications closets or cupboards are provided, the doors shall be lockable and accessible only from inside the building.

Closets and cupboards shall be sealed from the roof space and located in cool dry areas of the building. Vents shall be provided in doors to provide a clean and dry air flow. Closets or cupboards shall not be located under gutters, water pipes or sprinklers.

Four post floor mounted racks with a minimum depth of 600 mm are recommended for installation in a closet/cupboard to allow installation of heavy equipment such as uninterruptible power supplies (UPS). The minimum depth between the vertical rails shall be 450mm. The standard width between mounting rails shall be 19 inches. The recommended clearance forward of the front vertical rail is 200mm.


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The minimum depth of any closet/cupboard shall be 900mm internal. The minimum internal width of any closet/cupboard shall be 1000mm.

8.4 Air conditioning and Temperature control Computer and networking equipment is designed to operate within a fairly narrow temperature range. To ensure reliable operation and the longest possible life from components, the temperature must be kept within the range specified by the manufacturer. Failure to do this could result in premature equipment failure and voiding of manufacturer’s warranties.

For new schools and schools undergoing extensive renovation, the consulting engineers engaged on the project will be able to advise on the need for air conditioning to control the temperature in server rooms.

Air conditioning units are not to be placed directly above a cabinet.

Addendum 2 provides some guidance.


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9 Cable Pathways and Enclosures Installation requirements for cable pathways and enclosures are included in section 11. Pathways and spaces shall comply with AS/NZS 3084.

9.1 General Pathway Requirements

9.1.1 Pathway Route Cable pathways shall be selected and designed to:

• Maintain minimum segregation from other services as mandated by AS/NZS 3000 in accordance with AS/NZS 3080 ZA.3.1.

• Minimise interference in accordance with AS/NZS 3080 ZA.3.2.

9.2 Intra-Building Pathways

9.2.1 Vertical Risers Specification for vertical risers within buildings is beyond the scope of this specification. Requirements for vertical risers shall be addressed within building specifications.

9.2.2 Cable Tray Cable trays shall be perforated galvanised mild steel sheet.

Minimum steel thickness for cable tray shall be:

• 1.0mm for trays up to 150mm wide and • 1.2mm for trays up to 300mm wide. Trays shall have folded edges with minimum height of 20mm.

Electrical continuity shall be maintained along the full length of cable trays.

9.2.3 Ducting and Conduits Ducting should be tamper-resistant. Conduit is preferred for physical security.

Ducting and conduit shall be selected to be aesthetically matched to the building as far as practicable (colour to be determined on site prior to ordering) and sized to suit the number of cables.

Newly installed ducts and conduits should be selected to have 50% spare capacity after completion of the works.

9.2.4 Internal Catenary Catenary wires shall be installed to support internal cables within ceiling spaces and under floors.

The maximum size bundle of Category 6 4-pair cables supported by a catenary wire shall be 24.

The catenary wires shall be sized, terminated and supported to sustain the load of attached cables without exceeding the maximum sag requirements of AS/NZS 3084 ZB3.5.3.1.


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9.3 Inter-Building Pathways Inter-building pathways shall be constructed to accommodate the cabling between buildings. Underground pathways are preferred wherever practicable.

Open and unsecured crawl space under elevated buildings must be considered an external environment and proper consideration shall be given to the choice of components used in this space. Cable should be protected within a conduit if there is less than 500mm ground clearance. Factors to be considered include dampness, flooding, UV radiation, vermin, and future access.

9.3.1 Underground Pathways Underground pathways shall be designed and constructed in accordance with AS/NZS 3084 Clause 8 and ZB.5. Pit provision and spacing shall be in accordance with section 9.3.1.3.

9.3.1.1 Trenches

Trenches for communication cabling shall be constructed to provide a minimum depth of 450mm cover between the natural ground surface and the top surface of the communications conduit.

All trenches must be backfilled with fine grit up to the duct level and original excavated material removed from site or disposed of in accordance with the school’s requirements.

9.3.1.2 Conduits

Underground conduits should be sized to accommodate backbone cables such that the total conduit fill at the time of installation does not exceed 50% of rated total conduit capacity.

Conduits and accessories shall be white, green or grey UPVC or PE.

Outdoor conduit/pipe shall meet the following minimum classifications in accordance with Clause 5 of AS/NZS 2053.

Clause 5.1 Any classification (PVC to be used in this application) Clause 5.2 Threadable or non-threadable (non-threadable) Clause 5.3 Medium mechanical stresses (‘medium duty’) Clause 5.4 Rigid Clause 5.6 Flame propagating or non-flame propagating - the conduit or

pipe should be marked ‘HF’ or ‘Halogen Free’, if applicable Clause 5.8.1 Rated to IP66 Clause 5.8.2 Rated to IP66 Clause 5.8.3.1 Medium protection outside/inside Clause 5.8.4 Medium protection against solar radiation Clause 5.8.5 Non-hygroscopic

Sweeping bends shall be used to allow for cable bending radii and shall also be white or grey communications type PVC.

The minimum size of conduit shall be 50mm and it is strongly recommended that a spare 50mm diameter, PVC, communications conduit be installed along the complete route of the underground inter-building pathway system for


Version 3.4 41

future installations. A single 100mm conduit may be considered an acceptable, and perhaps better, alternative to two 50mm conduits.

Any section of conduit that may be exposed to direct sunlight shall be UV stabilised.

All conduits shall be installed with a draw wire consisting of a 1mm conduit wire, a 3mm nylon cord, or a 12mm nylon ribbon.

9.3.1.3 Pits

Pits shall be installed at suitable locations to facilitate installation and maintenance of cabling including:

• At distances not exceeding 50m along underground cable pathways • Where a significant change of direction to the route occurs • At road crossings or culverts

The minimum pit dimensions shall be 450mm x 450mm x 600mm deep. All lids must be lockable and of aluminium or metal construction. Communications pits shall be of robust construction and suited to the conditions where installed. , Pits will have the following accessories:

• Secured (lockable) Pedestrian covers

• Secured (lockable) Trafficable covers

• Cable support bars

• Bushes (PVC) for conduit entry

• Gaskets and seals

Where pits are installed in areas having traffic (this includes grass and field areas maintained by a grounds keeper using a tractor or similar), the correct approved strengthening ring for the pit lip shall be used.

9.3.1.4 Tunnels

This document does not address requirements for tunnels. In the event that tunnel pathways are required, design and appropriate specifications shall be prepared by suitably qualified personnel.

9.3.2 Overhead Pathways Overhead pathways may be considered where buildings are linked by covered walkways or gantries. Overhead pathways shall typically be constructed of cable tray or cable ladder and cables installed within protective enclosures such as metal conduits or ducts for the length of the pathway. Spare tray or ladder capacity of 50% shall be provided.

Catenary wire may be used where adequate protection from the elements is afforded by the building structure.

Where applicable, stainless steel saddles and stainless steel screws shall be used for direct fixing of conduit and pathways to an external structure. Saddles and fixings shall be spaced at no more than 1m.


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9.3.3 Aerial Pathways In cases where underground or overhead pathways are not practicable aerial pathways utilising catenary suspension systems may be employed.

Aerial pathways shall meet the requirements of AS/NZS 3084 and the following:

1) Aerial pathways shall be selected to avoid crossing power lines.

2) Where aerial pathways are indicated on the site plans, the SCS Contractor shall install UV resistant, PVC-coated, flexible conduit between buildings. The conduit shall be sized such that fill at the time of installation does not exceed 50% rated capacity.

3) The catenary wires shall be terminated and sized to support the load of the conduit with 80% fill of cables under extreme weather conditions.

4) Catenary wires shall be PVC coated galvanized steel and in no circumstances shall be less than 3.4mm diameter. Catenary wire shall be fixed to the buildings using eyelets and turnbuckles.

5) The conduit shall be tied to the catenary with stainless steel cable ties. The catenary wire shall be bonded to the protective earth system.

9.4 Enclosures / Racks Communication enclosures are used to house and restrict access to cabling, active LAN components and other communications hardware. Enclosures may be free-standing or wall-mounted.

Enclosures and racks shall be designed for 19” equipment mounting.

Open frame racks may be used for fully passive applications where only patch panels and distributors are mounted or for light-weight active equipment such as switches. Open frame racks shall only be used in communications rooms where access is restricted by a locked door.

All racks and enclosures shall be seismically braced (Ref NZS 4104).

9.4.1 General Cabinets and wall frames shall comply with the relevant requirements of IEC-60297.

The enclosure(s) within the main equipment room containing core switching equipment shall provide 45RU equipment mounting space.

All enclosures at a site shall be fitted with keyed-alike doors.

Enclosures shall provide facilities for ventilation in the form of vented panels.

Metal surfaces of the enclosure and accessories shall be powder coated, painted or otherwise protected against corrosion.

Enclosures and open frame racks shall be bonded to the protective earth system using a minimum 2.5mm2 green/yellow conductor. Enclosures and open frame racks shall not be bonded to the Telecommunications Reference Conductor (TRC) if provided.


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9.4.2 Free-standing Enclosures (Cabinets) Free-standing enclosures shall be provided as 18RU, 24RU, 38RU or 45RU and may be installed on a plinth to facilitate cable entry from beneath. Enclosures shall be 600mm wide and 800mm deep, or 600mm deep when installed in a telecommunications closet/cupboard.

Free-standing enclosures shall be fitted with:

• Front and rear 19” mounting rails • Horizontal and vertical cable tidy panels and/or loops • Vertical cable tray or cable management troughs fitted to both sides of the

enclosure • A minimum of two supporting shelves • Power rail providing not less than 5 outlets for 18RU and 24RU

enclosures and not less than 9 outlets for 38RU and 45RU enclosures incorporating a 10A miniature circuit breaker

• Removable rear and side panels • Keyed, lockable, front door • Keyed, lockable, steel rear door or removable panel in cases where

insufficient clearance is available to accommodate a door • Levelling adjustment

9.4.3 Wall-Mount Enclosures (Cabinets) Wall mounting enclosures shall be of swing frame design where possible to facilitate rear access. The wall shall be structurally adequate to support the enclosure.

Wall mounting enclosures shall be provided as 12RU, 18RU or 24RU.

Enclosures shall be 600mm wide with a minimum internal depth of 450mm - 600mm is preferred. Enclosures shall have no sharp edges or protrusions that could cause injury to persons.

Wall mounting enclosures shall be fitted with:

• Front 19” mounting rails • Horizontal and vertical cable tidy panels and/or loops • Power rail providing not less than 5 outlets • Keyed, lockable, Perspex or toughened glass front door • Earth bar or stud

9.4.4 Open Frame Racks Open frame racks shall be mechanically secure and supported at the base and top.

Open frame racks shall be provided as 38RU or 45RU.

Racks shall be fitted with:

• Horizontal and vertical cable tidy panels and/or loops • Vertical cable tray • Power panel


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Open frame racks shall not be used to support heavy equipment – free-standing (4-post) enclosures shall be used for such equipment.

9.4.5 Enclosure Power Core cabinets with total UPS input load of greater than 1.0kW, should be provided with a 15Amp and 10Amp dual GPO each on a dedicated feed and supplied via individual 20Amp MCB’s respectively. The 15A GPO’s should be used to supply any Server UPS’s. The 10Amp GPOs supplying switching UPS’s which feed the cabinet power distributors.

Small Core cabinets with total input (UPS or not) less than 1.0kW, require a 10Amp dual GPO on a dedicated feed with 15Amp MCB. This feeds the enclosure power distributor.

The power outlet shall be located on the wall adjacent to and no lower than the bottom edge of wall mounted enclosures or placed low down inside the enclosure.

For freestanding enclosures, the power outlet shall be located on the wall 300mm above the floor behind free-standing enclosures.

9.4.6 Cable Management Racks shall be supplied with cable management panels to facilitate the support and organisation of patch cords between patch panels. For each 2RU of equipment in the rack there shall be a corresponding 1RU cable management panel which is deep enough to support 48 patch cords.

Rear cable support systems are also required to offer strain relief for cables entering the rear of the rack and patch panels.

9.4.7 Enclosure Maximum Equipment Load Equipment enclosures shall be constructed to support the maximum equipment loads as follows:

• 12RU Cabinet Wall Mount – 30kg • 18RU Cabinet Wall Mount – 45kg • 24RU Cabinet Wall Mount – 46kg • 18RU Enclosure Floor Mount • 25RU Enclosure Floor Mount • 38RU Enclosure Floor Mount • 45RU Enclosure Floor Mount Consideration shall be given to load bearing capacity of the floor when selecting or specifying floor mounted enclosures.


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10 Cabling System Technical Requirements 10.1 General

Cabling and components shall be selected to meet cabling system performance requirements with due consideration to compatibility and performance variation due to temperature.

Category 6 cable and components shall be independently verified for compliance with the Category 6 performance specifications of AS/NZS 3080 by UL, ETL or other approved independent NATA laboratory verification system.

The cabling system manufacturer shall warrant that products will operate to the standards and specifications claimed by the manufacturer and that the product is free from any defects in materials or workmanship.

The Contractor shall make technical and user documentation on the product available to the School.

10.2 Overall System Transmission Performance The transmission performance of a cabling system is defined between specific interfaces. Channels may be described according to the transmission medium (optical fibre or balanced cabling) or location (campus, building or horizontal). Examples are shown below.

The performance of a channel is specified at and between connections to active equipment. A channel is comprised only of passive components.

C

OE EQP

C C

CC

FD

EQP

C

C

CD

CC C

BDTE

TO

Optical Fibre Channel Balanced Cabling Channel

C = connection

OE EQP = Opto-electronic equipment

Fig 5: Optical backbone channel

C

EQP

C C

CC

FD

EQP

C

C

CD

C TETO

Campus BackboneChannel

Horizontal Cabling Channel

C = connection

OE EQP = Opto-electronic equipment

OE EQP

C C

CC

BD

Building BackboneChannel

Campus BackboneCable

Building BackboneCable Horizontal Cabling

Fig:6 Optical and balanced backbone channel Only Class D and Class E balanced cabling performance, and only OM3 and OS1 optical fibre cable performance is considered in this specification.


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Optical fibre channels (campus and building backbone) shall meet the performance requirements of Clause 8, Clause 9 and Clause 10 of AS/NZS 3080.

Balanced cabling channels (building backbone and horizontal) shall meet the performance requirements of Clause 6, Clause 9 and Clause 10 of AS/NZS 3080.

10.2.1 Horizontal Cabling Transmission Performance Performance of the channel containing the horizontal cabling is defined between the equipment outlet at the Floor Distributor (FD) and the Terminal Equipment (TE) as shown below. This channel will be referred to as the horizontal cabling channel. The horizontal channel will utilise balanced cabling for School cabling systems.

C

FD

C TE

TO

C = connection

EQP = equipment

Channel

EQP C C C C

CP

CP Link

Permanent Link

EquipmentCord

Patch Cord /Jumper

W ork AreaCordCP Cable

Horizontal Cabling

Fig 7: Horizontal Cabling Channel

The horizontal cabling channel includes cable sections, connecting hardware, work area cords, equipment cords and patch cords. The connections at the active equipment at the FD and TE are not included within the channel.

Category 6 installations shall comply with the requirements for Class E channel performance as specified in Clause 6 of AS/NZS 3080. Performance of the permanent link elements of the channel shall comply with the requirements of Annex A of AS/NZS 3080. The length of the components of the horizontal cabling channel shall not exceed the distance set out in AS/NZS 3080 considering the appropriate length de-rating for maximum ambient temperatures above 20°C except that the length of work area cords shall not exceed 5m.

The permanent link shall be a direct run, free of bridges, taps and splices.

10.2.2 Backbone Cabling Transmission Performance Performance of the channel containing the backbone cabling is defined between the equipment outlet at the Floor Distributor (FD) / Building


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Distributor (BD) and the equipment outlet at the Building Distributor (BD) / Campus Distributor (CD). This channel will be referred to as the balanced cabling backbone channel.

Category 6 installations shall comply with the requirements for Class E channel performance as specified in Clause 6 of AS 3080. Performance of the backbone permanent link shall comply with the requirements of Annex A of AS 3080. The length of the components of the backbone (balanced) cabling channel shall not exceed the distance set out in Clause 7.2.3.2 and Table 22 of AS/NZS 3080 considering the appropriate length de-rating for maximum ambient temperatures above 20°C.

The backbone cable shall be a direct run, free of bridges, taps and splices.

10.3 Balanced Cabling This section applies to Category 6 cabling in horizontal and backbone applications.

10.3.1 General Balanced cabling shall meet or exceed the performance requirement of AS/NZS 3080 for the relevant performance Class.

For new installations, cable of the same manufacturer type shall be employed throughout the entire installation. For alterations to existing cabling systems, the original manufacturer’s product should be used if the existing warranty and system performance are going to be jeopardised.

Certification shall be provided by the manufacturer that the balanced cabling system meets the specified performance levels.

10.3.2 Outdoor Cabling Optical fibre cabling shall be generally used for campus backbone cabling. However, in the event that balanced cabling is used externally the cable shall meet the following requirements:

a) For underground routes the cables shall be rated by the manufacturer for external use, moisture resistant and placed in a conduit.

b) For aerial and overhead routes the cables shall be UV rated and placed in a conduit.

c) Transient voltage protection should be provided by the manufacturer of the terminal equipment so that transmission performance is not compromised.

d) The appropriate rated cable must be used for the outdoor application such that it will be warranted by the manufacturer for a period of not less than 20 years.

e) When gel filled cables are used, care must be taken to follow the manufacturers instructions with regard to termination on a patch panel


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10.3.3 Category 6 UTP Cable and Connecting Hardware Category 6 cables used within horizontal or backbone cabling subsystems, or as work cords, shall comply with Clause 9 of AS/NZS 3080. In the event that multiple signals share a cable the additional performance requirements of Clause 9.3 of AS 3080 shall be met.

Category 6 connecting hardware used within horizontal or backbone cabling subsystems shall comply with Clause 10 of AS/NZS 3080.

Category 6 horizontal cabling shall be terminated with modular 8-pin (RJ45) outlets using the T568A arrangement.

Category 6 backbone balanced cabling shall be generally terminated with modular 8-pin (RJ45) outlets using the T568A arrangement. However, insulation displacement (IDC) punch-down blocks may be used to terminate outdoor balanced cables used within the backbone.

10.4 Optical Fibre Cabling

10.4.1 General Optical fibre cabling shall meet or exceed the performance requirement of AS/NZS 3080 Clause 9.4 for the relevant performance Class.

Cable jackets shall incorporate clearly legible identification to indicate cable manufacturer, date of manufacture, batch number, cable type, capacity and length marker.

Optical fibre cables shall terminate at fibre patch panels located at distributors. Each cable shall be continuous from one patch panel to the destination patch panel without intermediate joins or connections. The cable strength member shall be electrically non-conducting and securely fastened at the termination enclosure.

Optical fibre cable shall be terminated with LC-duplex type fibre connectors. Equipment that uses Small Form Factor (SFF) optical connectors shall be interfaced to the LC-duplex connectors at the patch panel using optical patch cords to provide adaptation between LC-duplex and the particular SFF connector.

While equipment mounted optical connectors are outside the scope of this document it should be noted that the only SFF connectors presently acceptable are MT-RJ and LC styles.

Retention of existing SC patch panels and patch cords will be at the discretion of the designer.

10.4.2 Outdoor Optical Fibre Cable Optical fibre cables for outdoor cabling shall be rated for outdoor use and entirely suitable for drawing into underground conduits. The appropriate rated cable must be used for the outdoor application such that it will be warranted by the manufacturer for a period of not less than 20 years.

Cables shall be capable of long-term water immersion without degradation of performance.


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10.4.3 Indoor Optical Fibre Cable Optical fibre cables for indoor cabling shall be non-metallic indoor tight-buffer fibre optic cable for riser applications.

Cable materials shall be flame retardant producing low levels of smoke and halogen free.

10.4.4 Multi-Mode Optical Fibre Cabling and Connecting Hardware Multi-mode optical fibre cabling used within backbone cabling subsystems shall be 50/125 µm OM3 cable that is AS/NZS 3080 compliant. Optical fibre connecting hardware used within backbone cabling subsystems shall comply with AS/NZS 3080.

All fibre cores at both ends of each optical fibre cable run shall be terminated using LC-duplex type fibre connectors conforming to the requirements of AS/NZS 3080 and IEC 60874. The correct polarity of transmit and receive optical fibres shall be maintained by strict attention to crossover orientation at installation. Duplex connector assemblies for both patch and equipment cords are recommended as a means of maintaining the correct polarity.

10.4.5 Single-Mode Optical Fibre Cabling and Connecting Hardware OS1 optical fibre cables used within backbone cabling subsystems shall comply with Clause 9 of AS/NZS 3080.

OS1 optical fibre connecting hardware used within backbone cabling subsystems shall comply with Clause 10 of AS/NZS 3080.

All the fibre cores at both ends of each optical fibre cable run shall be terminated using LC-duplex type fibre connectors conforming to the requirements of AS/NZS 3080 and IEC 60874.

10.5 Distributors and Patch Panels

10.5.1 General Distributors and patch panels shall be designed for 19” rack mounting in accordance with IEC-60297.

10.5.2 Insulation Displacement Termination Blocks Insulation displacement (IDC) termination blocks may be used for termination of outdoor balanced copper cabling.

The IDC termination blocks shall be matched to the AS/NZS 3080 performance Class E and be compatible with the cable conductor type (solid or stranded).

10.5.3 Balanced Cabling Patch Panels Patch panels for balanced cabling shall be 24way or 48-way modular socket (RJ45) with a port density of 24 ports per 1RU.

The connecting hardware of the patch panels shall be rated to the AS/NZS 3080 performance Category 6.


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Cable Management bars will be installed in all cabinets. For every 1RU of patch panel, 1RU of cable management will be provided and vertical cable management shall be installed to manage vertical cable ways.

New cable management shall be from the same manufacturer providing the performance warranty.

10.5.4 Optical Fibre Patch Panels Optical fibre termination equipment shall provide cross-connect, interconnect or splicing capabilities.

Optical fibre patch panels shall be combination type 1RU 12 or 24 port fitted with duplex LC couplers and cover plate. Patch panels shall be equipped with cable management facilities including splice trays.

Patch panels shall be rack mountable, hinged or sliding, with eye safe front (including laser warning symbol) and integrated patch cord management. All new fibres installed shall be terminated within this enclosure using manufacturer-approved fusion splice pigtails with LC connectors to maintain warranty (unless specified on the network upgrade design)

Terminated fibres shall be connected to LC connectors through couplers mounted on the faceplate of the optical fibre termination panels.

Hardware shall minimise potential eye hazards from optical sources.

10.6 Telecommunication Outlets Each telecommunication outlet (TO) shall incorporate two or more modular RJ45 sockets designed for IDC termination and compliant with AS/NZS 3080 performance Category 6.

Telecommunication outlets shall be equipped with unshuttered face plates. Where the TO is positioned on existing trunking, modular type mounting enclosures shall be used. Blanking plugs shall be fitted where the apertures of the mounting enclosure is not filled with a RJ45 jack.

Faceplates shall match power outlets in appearance and manufacture.

10.7 Balanced Cabling Patch and Work Area Cords

10.7.1 General Patch cords and work area cords shall be constructed of an 8 wire, stranded Category 6 cable terminated with RJ45 connectors at both ends complying with AS/NZ 3080.

Patch cords and work area cords shall be from the same manufacturer as the horizontal cable and matched to the AS/NZS 3080 performance Category 6 of the cabling system in which they are used.

Pin assignments and colour codes shall conform to the “T568A” arrangement in accordance with AS/NZS 3080 Z.A.2.

All patch cords and work area cords shall be factory assembled, terminated and certified.


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Patch cords and work area cords shall be fitted with moulded boots unless snagless patch cords are used.

10.7.2 Cat 6 UTP Work area Cords Work area cord lengths shall be in accordance with section 10.2.1.

10.7.3 Cat 6 UTP Patch Cords Patch cord lengths shall be generally provided in accordance with 5.6.1. In no circumstances shall patch cord lengths cause the distances set out in Clause 7.2.3.2 and Table 22 of AS/NZS 3080 to be exceeded.

10.7.4 Cord Colour Scheme There is no mandated colour scheme for patch and work area cords but a colour scheme which positively and uniquely identifies each application is a useful management aid. The following colour scheme shall be used in school installations:

• Grey for general work areas cords • White for work area cords providing WAP connections and PoE • Blue for general patching • Yellow for up-link connections • Red for critical connections e.g. file servers

10.8 Optical Fibre Patch Cables

10.8.1 Optic Fibre Patch Cords Optical fibre patch cords shall be provided as duplex LC to LC except where used to interface equipment using Small Form Factor (SFF) connectors to optical patch panels.

Patch cords shall be from the same manufacturer as the backbone cable and matched to the AS/NZS 3080 optical fibre cable type of the cabling system in which they are used.

Patch cords shall be provided in standard pre-manufactured lengths (e.g. 1m, 2m, etc) sufficient to interconnect the optical fibre termination unit and switch/router hardware while minimizing the need to manage excess cable.

Patch cords shall employ the following colour scheme:

• Orange for OM1 62.5/125µm (expansion or upgrades only) • Aqua for OM3 50/125µm • Yellow for OS1 (single mode) • Yellow and orange or grey for mode conditioning patch cords (yellow for

SMOF element, orange or grey for MMOF element)

Mixing of optical fibre patch cords and cabling, e.g. 50/125µm cabling with 62.5/125µm patch cords and vice versa, shall be strictly avoided.


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11 Cabling System Installation Practice 11.1 General

11.1.1 Safety Cabling system installation shall be performed in a safe manner.

Personnel undertaking installation works shall be equipped with appropriate personal protection equipment, tools and mechanical aids.

Appropriate barriers and warning signs shall be used to restrict access and draw attention to potential hazards such as open trenches and the like.

11.1.2 Qualifications of Installer The Structured Cabling System shall be installed only by organisations that are accredited by the manufacturer of the cabling system components and by properly qualified personnel as specified in Section 17.

11.1.3 Manufacturers Recommendations All equipment and cabling shall be installed in full accordance with manufacturers recommendations and instructions.

11.1.4 Cable Lengths Cable lengths shall be kept to a minimum by taking the most direct and practical route.

11.1.5 Segregation Cable pathways and cable shall be installed to achieve the required separation between communications cabling and other services. Separation shall comply with AS/NZS 3000.

Cat 6 4 pair UTP cables shall be kept in separate bundles from the multi-pair voice or fibre cable.

11.1.6 Concealment All cables shall be concealed in walls or ducts except where run on cable trays in equipment rooms. Cables shall be run in neat lines.

Aesthetics are important. All installed installations are to be unobtrusive and blend in with the existing surroundings.

11.1.7 Earthing Protection All metallic conduit, cable trays, catenaries, boxes and enclosures shall be permanently and effectively earthed in accordance with the AS/NZS 3000 and AS/NZS 3080.


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11.2 Cable Support Systems and Pathways

11.2.1 General Cable support systems and pathways shall meet the requirements of AS/NZS 3084.

It is important that for new building construction, concealed cable pathways, especially horizontal, should be accommodated within the building design and structure.

11.2.2 Horizontal Pathways All fixed horizontal cabling shall be concealed from view within the workplace. All cabling shall be installed in conduits, on cable trays or in under floor cavities. Approved cable fasteners shall be used at intervals as specified in AS/NZS 3084 (ZB4.2.1.3).

It is preferred that cabling be concealed by installation in ceiling, floor or wall cavities. However, it may be necessary to surface mount cabling within ducting where no cavity exists or where concealment would prove to be inordinately expensive, disruptive or impracticable. Two-compartment duct shall be used to segregate power and data cabling.

All ducting shall be run in an inconspicuous manner. Excess cabling shall not be stored in the ducting.

Where cable is run in a false (suspended) ceiling it shall be suspended from fixed non-movable structural features, purpose installed flat cable trays, or from catenary wires. Fixed, non-movable features exclude water pipes, sprinkler systems and trunked electrical power. Cables shall not be laid on ceilings or ceiling tiles or attached to any suspended ceiling support structures.

Plastic capping should not generally be used in new installations and low profile ducting should be considered where cable numbers are low. Capping may be used at: (1) 2m above finished floor height, (2) for no more than two cables, and (3), may be retained if 2m above finished floor height and no change is required. Any capping used must be UV rated.

11.2.3 Backbone Pathways Inter-building pathways may consist of underground, buried and aerial pathways.

In multi-storey installations, cabling between floors must be routed via an approved communications cabling riser or duct.

Where cable is run in an exposed area, it shall be enclosed in PVC duct or conduit. External grade cable shall be used.

11.2.4 Cable Trays Cable trays shall be installed in accordance with AS/NZS 3084 ZB3.3.6.


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11.2.5 Ducting/Trunking Surface mounted ducting shall be installed where alternative methods for concealment of cables are not possible. Two-compartment ducting shall be used to segregate power and data cabling. No exposed conduit or duct is to be used within buildings for feeding GPOs or TOs.

All metal and plastic trunking must support the required bend radius for Cat 6 and any fibre cable installed to ensure all products maintain their warranty and comply with AS/NZS 4296 - Cable Trunking Systems. Compliant plastic trunking must be paint absorbent, with a minimum UV stabilisation warranty of 10 years. Unless an alternative colour is stipulated by the school, the colour of the trunking will be White or similar.

Ducting shall be screw-fixed to walls using suitable fixings (e.g. cavity fasteners for cavity walls and masonry anchors for concrete walls) at approximately 1m intervals when run vertically and approximately 600mm intervals when run horizontally. Fixings shall not cause undue distortion to the ducting when tightened.

Surface mounted trunking and ducting shall follow the natural vertical and horizontal lines of the room structure. It is preferable to install vertical trunking where possible in a corner if it is close to the outlet location or in a location to make it look as aesthetically pleasing as possible while maintaining expandability and flexibility. Some options for ducting in classrooms not suitable for internal cable pathways are provided in Addendum 1.

Trunking is used primarily to provide a pathway and expansion for TOs and GPOs. Outlets are to be installed externally to the trunking flush to the wall (where access into the wall is available). If outlets are to be installed directly into trunking due to mounting on a concrete or block wall, the trunking is to be installed 750mm above the floor where possible to allow desks to fit under it.

Where twin compartment trunking is utilised for mounting data and power outlets, the top compartment shall be used for GPO’s and these are not to be installed directly above a TO.

All trunking bends, tees and elbows that are installed onsite shall be pre fabricated by the manufacturer or be a factory manufactured part.

When new trunking is required to provide a pathway for new TOs or GPOs, any existing services shall utilise this pathway and the existing pathways e.g. Neatcaps or conduit shall be removed.

11.2.6 Fasteners / Fixings / Ties Fixings shall be entirely suitable for the situation in which they will be used. Where fixings are to be used externally or exposed to the weather stainless steel shall be used, plain and cadmium plated steel is not acceptable. Where fixings are used internally, cadmium plated steel is acceptable. All fixings, fastenings and supports shall be of adequate strength and size and arranged to avoid mechanical failure under normal conditions prevailing in schools.


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Cables shall be held firmly by the securing device without undue pressure being exerted on the cable sheaths.

Cable ties used externally shall be UV resistant.

Cables shall not be secured to beams or any other structure by pin clips, staples, stapled cable ties or stapled Velcro ties. Where pathways are required, catenary wires, trays or trunking shall be provided. When transitioning from a tray or catenary wire less than 2 metres from the outlet location, the use of one stapled Velcro tie for support is permissible.

All cables shall be tied to catenaries and any other pathway or cabling loom using Velcro ties The use of plastic ties is not permitted even for temporary fastening/support of cables during construction phase.

11.2.7 Internal Catenaries and Above-cable Trays Internal cabling supported by catenaries or above-cable trays shall be installed in accordance with AS/NZS 3084 ZB3.5.3.1 and the following.

Generally, a main cable route shall be chosen such that the cable path is accessible and conforms to the segregation requirements.

The catenary wire shall be anchored at a maximum of 3m spans. Turnbuckles and steel eyelets shall be used to tighten the catenaries so that there is no more than 150 mm sag between catenary supports when fully loaded. A maximum of 24 x 4 pair UTP cables may be tied to a single catenary. All cables will be secured at regular intervals of approximately 300mm using Velcro ties.

Install catenary wires so that a cable leaving the wire shall not have an unsupported length greater than 1m before its next fixing, access or dropping down a wall.

Data and telephone services shall not be supported on catenary wires that are used for electrical services.

Catenary wires shall be run square and true with no deviations to avoid other services. They shall be run parallel to the major axis of the building.

Any cable runs under buildings shall use catenary wires or tray. Where cables transition from underground ducts to catenary wires the duct exit point shall be protected by using T-Dux or similar.

Cables supported on catenary wires shall have a minimum ground clearance of 500mm where possible for serviceability and to reduce potential rodent damage.

When vertical drops of cable exceed 2m, catenary wire shall not be used as the means of support. The installer is to use tray or chain with appropriate fixings to prevent cable from slipping.

11.2.8 Trenching and Drilling Trenches shall be constructed such that installed conduits shall maintain a minimum longitudinal grade of 1 in 150 at all times. A longitudinal grade of


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1 in 100 is preferred where practicable in accordance with AS 3084 ZB5.2.2.6.

Conduit may be installed by directional drilling providing the minimum cover to the natural ground surface can be maintained.

Backfilling shall be performed with due care to avoid distortion of the cable inspection pits and the conduit shall be supported firmly and evenly on all sides. Suitable fine grit material shall be used to surround pits and conduit prior to backfilling trenches.

11.2.9 Underground Conduits Conduits shall be laid into a trench at the depth specified in section 9.3.1.1.

The conduit shall extend into the pit for a distance of approximately 50mm.

A suitable bush (PVC) shall be used for conduit entry. The conduit shall be glued in place within the bush while the bush shall be glued to the pit and sealed.

11.2.10 Pits Conduits shall generally enter pits on the vertical centre-line of the pit end with a minimum clearance of 50mm to the bottom of the pit.

All duct ends shall be sealed with T-Dux or similar product to prevent the ingress of water. The use of spray foam is not permitted. Any empty ducts must be sealed through the use of a removable rubber bung.

Fibre cables passing through the pit shall have an unsecured 1m loop. All backbone cables passing through the pit shall be labeled in accordance with section 14.6.

Pits shall be located such that conduit entries shall be achieved using a straight section wherever practicable.

Pit locations shall be selected to be unobtrusive and installed to leave the pit covers flush with the ground level. Pit covers shall be securable to reduce the potential for opportunistic vandalism or sabotage.

Sharing of service pits with other services (e.g. gas, power, water) is not permitted.

11.2.11 External Catenaries / Conduits External cabling supported by catenaries shall be installed in accordance with AS/NZS 3084.

Cabling shall be installed within flexible conduit sized in accordance with section 9.3.3.

Outdoor cabling shall be used in all cases irrespective of being enclosed within conduit.

UTP cables installed under decks shall be installed in a conduit to protect the cable from the environmental elements.

UTP cable must be installed a minimum of 500mm above the natural ground where possible. Otherwise it must be protected by a conduit.


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All external pathways including Junction boxes, ducting, trunking and conduits entering a building shall be protected against damage or vandalism for their entire length to a minimum height of 2.0m. If the duct or conduit then continues up under the eve of the building, then it shall be protected all the way to ensure aesthetics are maintained and that it blends into the existing building structure.

Conduits or ducts installed under covered walkways shall be positioned to prevent anyone from swinging on them. When multiple ducts or conduits are installed under covered walkways or within a building, an accessible and aesthetically pleasing boxing shall be installed around them and painted to blend the pathway into the surroundings.

11.2.12 Penetrations Fire rated elements and structural members shall not be penetrated without approval from the Building Architect and relevant Fire Authority.

Where ladders or trays pass through ceilings, walls and floors provide neat, close fitting apertures. At openings through fire rated elements, terminate the ladders or trays both sides of the opening and provide holes for the cables only. All holes shall be fire-stopped with a proprietary product that exceeds the fire resistance of the materials being filled and is installed to the manufacturer’s specifications.

The NZ Building Code Compliance Document: Section C - Fire Safety, is the final authority for all aspects and shall be complied with.

Ducts that pass through walls or floors shall be sealed with an industry-standard duct sealing device to prevent the ingress of water.

Where the cabling exits an external underground conduit and enters the structure, the penetration shall comply with the NZ Building Compliance Code, E2 Moisture 3rd edition of the E2 Compliance Document.

Particular attention shall be paid to Section 4.2.2 Environment. This Section covers the use of Flashings (Shrouds) and the types and methods of use. The use of flashings to weather proof all penetrations to the structure is mandatory.

All flashing shall be designed to meet the E2 Standard and installed to aesthetically match the building as far as practicable (Colour to be determined on site prior to ordering and installation). The installer shall ensure all installed flashings avoid OSH issues e.g. sharp edges, pathway or access obstruction. All flashings shall be manufactured from stainless or hot dip galvanised steel.

11.2.13 Building Access Underground conduit shall either:

a. continue up and be fixed to the outside wall of the building to enter the ceiling space through the eave, or

b. finish above ground level and the cable(s) fastened to a vertical perforated cable tray fixed to the outside wall of the building.


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The cable tray shall be continuous from the conduit top to an access hole at ceiling space level. The access hole shall be sealed with a moisture and fire retardant material. The perforated tray, access hole, and cable(s) shall be protected by a steel top hat section.

Both conduit and top hat sections shall be painted to match other building fixtures such as down pipes.

11.3 Enclosures / Cabinets All enclosures whether floor or wall mounted shall be installed and mechanically supported to accommodate the load of the enclosure combined with the equipment load specified in section 9.4.7.

11.3.1 Enclosure Installation Communication enclosures shall be located to achieve maximum operator convenience. The space available for a communications cabinet is to be verified on site. The cabling Contractor shall ensure that racks are arranged to permit installation of other equipment and enclosures with adequate access spaces for inspection, wire termination and patch field alterations.

Enclosures shall be provided with sufficient clearance for installation and maintenance activity. Minimum clearances for wall mounted and free standing enclosures are indicated below.

Fig 8: Enclosure Minimum Clearance

The vertical footprint for wall mount enclosures shall not extend above 2m or below 0.5m from the floor. Wall mount locations shall be selected to avoid risk of injury by walking past or rising from beneath the enclosure.


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Enclosures shall be installed plumb and square without twists in the frames or variations in level between adjacent racks.

Enclosures shall not be mounted on wheels or be moveable to allow for access.

Enclosures shall be bonded to the protective earth system.

Equipment mounting rails at the front of the enclosure shall be set back so that doors may be closed without contacting equipment or connectors or distorting cable bends.

11.3.2 Enclosure Cable Entry Cabling entering from the floor or ceiling space to enclosures shall be supported and concealed by a vertical cable support system.

The vertical cable support system shall extend from the backbone/horizontal cable pathway to the enclosure. In the case of raised floors the vertical cable support system shall extend below the raised floor level. In the case of above ceiling pathways the vertical cable system shall extend above the ceiling level.

The vertical cable system shall have a metal construction, colour and finish similar to the enclosure or interior building door. The vertical cable system includes two cable trays (power and data/voice).

11.3.3 Cabling Within Enclosures All cables shall terminate at the patch panels in the communications enclosures with an excess length of 5m for optical fibre and not less than 0.5m for other cables neatly placed out of sight prior to terminating. Excess cable shall not be stored in “coils” but shall be formed into a “loop back” generally contained at one side of the cabinet up against a wall. Any excess length cabling must be properly supported.

Cables terminating at the enclosures shall be neatly loomed within the enclosure, utilising the cable management system specified in section 9.4. Cables shall be loomed between the space on the outside of the mounting rails and the removable door. Cables loomed inside wall mounted cabinets shall be loomed in groups of a maximum of 12, to allow enough space for mounting active network equipment.

11.3.4 Seismic Bracing Free standing cabinets shall be seismically braced and securely fixed to the floor. For wooden floors M12 threaded rod with flat washers on either side shall be used. For concrete floors M12 Dynabolts shall be used.

Floors must be able to sustain the maximum loading of a cabinet estimated to be 1000kg/m2.

Cabinets mounted side-on close to a wall (to conceal and contain vertical cable entry from above or below) should not be secured to that wall.


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11.4 Cable Installation

11.4.1 General All cabling shall be installed in full accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations. Cables shall be installed with due skill and care so that:

• maximum permitted hauling tension is not exceeded • minimum bending radius of the cable is not exceeded • maximum permitted crush rating is not exceeded

Cable bundles shall not obstruct the installation and removal of equipment within equipment enclosures.

Jumper wires on wiring frames shall follow clear paths to minimise jumper lengths and avoid obstructing jumper fields.

Equipment and patch panels shall be laid out to minimise patch cord length. Patch cords shall follow clear paths to avoid patch field obstruction.

11.4.2 Precautions During Installation of Cables Precautions shall be observed to eliminate cable stress caused by tension in suspended cable runs and tightly strapped bundles.

Care shall be taken not to distort the twists by excessive pulling or bending of cables.

Cable bundles shall not rub on or be unduly compressed against or by any cable tray, building or enclosure penetrations, equipment racking, or other cable support. Grommets or similar forms of protection shall be provided where cables traverse sharp edges.

The weight of vertically installed cabling shall be adequately supported.

Cat 6 cables shall be securely fixed to cable trays and catenary wires using Velcro or manufacturer recommended cable ties only.

Cables fixed to catenary wires or above-cable trays shall be supported at intervals according to AS/NZS 3084 Table ZB6. Cables that are supported by below-cable trays shall be tied at intervals not exceeding 1200mm. At no point shall the cabling rest on the false ceiling, light fittings, or any other services. Cables shall be neatly grouped together based on their destination and bound at regular intervals.

Where cabling is run in cavity walls, surface mounted ducting and similar enclosures, cables shall be installed in areas free from protrusion of screws and similar fasteners.

Care shall be taken to avoid tight twisting of the cable, tearing of the outer jacket, cutting or wearing through due to abrasion of the cable.

When drawing cable through underground conduit, care must be taken to ensure that the conduit is clear of water and other obstacles and appropriate action taken to protect the cable from water and soil damage. Cable ends must be sealed appropriately when being drawn though underground ducts.


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11.4.3 Balanced Cabling Installation The cable interconnecting distributors or between a telecommunication outlet and a horizontal distribution panel or patch panel shall be one continuous length with no intermediate joins, splices or taps. Mid-run joints of cables are not permitted except for the use of consolidation points as outlined in section 5.3.2.1.

The maximum length of the various elements of the balanced cabling shall be in accordance with section 5.4.3.

Where two or more cables share a pathway the cables shall be tied together at 1.2m intervals to create a trunk effect.

When installing and terminating cable runs, 0.5m of slack shall be provided at a suitable location in the cable pathway. The preferred location is within the ceiling space, under raised floors, or on the side of the cabinet ( in a cavity created between the wall and the cabinet) .

All horizontal cabling shall be terminated within 2m of the location of the terminal equipment.

A loop of cable shall be left in the cable trunking on the approach to each telecommunication outlet to facilitate re-termination of the cable in the future, should this be required. The preferred length of this loop is about 0.5m but the final determination as to the required length shall be made by the site representative.

Balanced copper cable (containing up 4 pairs) bending radius shall not be less than 25mm for cables with an outside diameter less than 6mm or less than 50mm for cables that have an outside diameter of 6mm or greater under no load conditions and 16 times the cable diameter under load, i.e. when being pulled through conduits, or as specified by the cabling manufacturer which ever is greater. Cables shall be anchored immediately before the start and after the finish of the bend.

To preserve the electrical characteristics of the balanced cable, the outer insulation of the cable shall not be stripped back unnecessarily, and shall be left intact up to a point as close as possible to where the individual pairs are terminated to the IDC connector.

Sufficient cable slack shall be provided at telecommunications outlets to allow removal of faceplates and associated the RJ45 socket for servicing.

11.4.4 Optical Fibre Cabling Optical fibre cable interconnecting distributors shall be one continuous length with no splices or joins except for pigtails used to terminate single mode optical fibre cores.

The maximum length of optical fibre cable shall be in accordance with section 5.4.3.

The cable shall be handfed into conduits and cable trays.

Each optical fibre cable shall be installed with 5m spare length in the communications enclosure at the respective distributors.


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Optical fibre bending radius shall not be less than 10 times the cable diameter (not less than 30mm) or as specified by the cabling manufacturer which ever is greater under no load conditions and 20 times the cable diameter or as specified by the cabling manufacturer which ever is greater under load, i.e. when being pulled through conduits and the like.

11.5 Terminations

11.5.1 Balanced Cable Termination An RJ45 system shall be generally utilised at both the main communications centre and all remote cabinet locations.

Cable termination onto a horizontal distribution panel or patch panel should be undertaken in a manner permitting additional cables to be terminated without unduly disturbing previously installed cables.

Cabling termination to information outlets, patch cords, work area cords and patch panels is to be in accordance with the “T568A” arrangement in accordance with AS/NZS 3080 Z.A.2.

The connecting hardware shall be installed to the manufacture’s specification and to preserve wire twists as close as possible to the point of mechanical termination to minimise signal impairment. The amount of untwisting in a pair shall be no greater than 13mm for Category 5 cable and no greater than 6mm for Category 6 cable.

11.5.2 Optical Fibre Cable Termination Optical fibre cabling shall be terminated with LC fibre connectors.

Multimode optical fibre cores shall be either direct terminated by the use of LC multimode ceramic tipped connectors or spliced with LC terminated pig-tails. Any mechanical and fusion splicing method must be specifically approved and warranted by the cable manufacturer.

Single mode optical fibre terminations shall be achieved by splicing pigtails to optical fibre cores using the manufacturer’s approved splicing techniques.

The cables shall terminate in fully enclosed 1-RU 12 port (24 fibre) or 24 port (48 fibre) LC duplex patch panels in the communications cabinets. All fibre cores specified shall be terminated at each end and connected to duplex LC couplers inserted into the patch panel. Larger patch panels may be deployed by design at the discretion of the designer.

11.5.3 Telecommunication Outlets Positioning Where workbenches are fixed to the wall, outlets may be installed above bench height. Where workbenches are positioned along a wall or benches have data distributed internally, a minimum of 800mm separation shall be maintained between the data outlets.

As a classroom standard, 2 data outlets (one dual) shall be placed at the front-centre, or near the teacher’s desk area, of a classroom. The other outlets shall be distributed along walls at the discretion of the school. The height of the outlets above the floor will be determined by the type of trunking proposed and other wall fixtures such as radiators.


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Terminal outlets shall be flush mounted wherever practicable. Mounting boxes, similar in style and colour to the flush plate, shall be used where flush mounting of communications outlets is not practicable.

Unless otherwise indicated, dual outlets shall be co-located with two dual power outlets. Two compartment metal trunking may provide a cost effective solution to this requirement.

Outlets shall be located to avoid being obscured and work area cords being damaged by furniture and office equipment, and feet.

Outlets shall not generally be mounted in clusters, or close groups. The GPO’s shall not be mounted in such a way that extension cords, multi boxes or power leads are required to cross access ways.

TOs and GPOs shall be mounted as close as possible to the areas requiring service.

All cable pairs at the telecommunication outlets and at the distribution panels shall be terminated.

For Cat 6 cable, a bend radius of at least 25mm (4 times the cable diameter) should be provided.

Balanced cables shall be terminated at the TO using the “T568A” pin assignments and colour codes in accordance with AS/NZS 3080 Z.A.2.

Outlets designated for use by a WLAN access point shall be located to meet the requirement identified in section 5.3.2.2.

11.5.4 Floor Boxes Floor boxes shall be constructed from durable material capable of withstanding a 150kg load and have approximate dimensions: 245 mm square with a minimum depth sufficient to fit a standard TO or GPO wall plate and to maintain the bend radius and performance requirements for a Category 6 cabling installation.

A floor box with a carpet insert shall be used to allow the floor box to blend into the surroundings.

To prevent debris or foreign objects from damaging the outlets or presenting a hazard to the user, the mounting of GPOs and TOs shall be such that they are not facing directly upwards.

Each floor box shall be able to accommodate a minimum of four GPOs and maximum of four TOs. (Note: this is a deviation from the standard).

The entry and exit of power and communications cables to and from the floor box shall be provisioned via separate entry/exit points with sufficient capacity to allow four work area patch cords and four power cords, with sufficient protection to prevent damage.

The mounting of the floor box shall be such that it is flush with the floor and does not present a hazard to any user.

Each new floor box shall be fed with a minimum of two 40 mm conduits when installed in a concrete slab.


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Earthing of floor boxes shall be carried out in accordance with the requirements of AS/NZS: 3000.


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12 Earthing and Transient Protection 12.1 Earthing

All equipment racks and cabinets, cable trays, and metal duct systems shall be earthed in accordance with AS/NZS 3000 to the building protective earth system.

12.2 Transient Protection Transient protection equipment shall be provided for protection of equipment connected to balanced copper outdoor cables where such equipment can be provided without compromising transmission performance.

12.3 Communications Earthing System A Communications Earth System (CES) performs both protective and functional roles and shall be compliant with AS/ACIF S009:2006.

A CES shall have a maximum earth resistance of 1Ω measured between the Communications Earth Terminal (CET) and any point on the system.

The connection of the CES at the electrical distribution board must be completed by a licensed electrician.

All communications racks, cabinets, enclosures, catenary wires, cable tray, metallic IDC frames etc shall be earthed as per AS3000:2000 and AS/ACIF S009:2006. The conductive resistance from any exposed metal element of the cabinet to the CET shall be less than 1Ω.

The main earthing conductor from the CET shall be terminated at the earth bar of the electrical distribution board or main switch board. This work shall be completed by a licensed electrical contractor. The earth wire used for this connection shall be green/yellow, minimum size 6mm2. 4.0mm² green/yellow earth wires shall be used for earthing metal structures (communications racks, catenary, cable tray, frames etc).

Connection to catenaries shall be by way of a brass or copper line tap.

Connections to cable tray or metal structures shall be via a suitably sized terminal lug, and serrated star washer, ensuring that any paint is scraped back to bare metal.

No more than 3 earth wires shall connect into any one (1) earth bar connection point.

Solder shall not be used as the primary connection method for earth connections.


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To other distributors and communications equipment on the same floor

Electrical Distribution Board

Main Earth Bar

To other distributors and communications equipment on the same floor

Gn/Y

Gn/Y

CET Gn/Y

Main Earthing Conductor

Earthing Electrode

Communication Earth Systems (CES)

The CES shall be tested in accordance with ACIF S009:2006. The Contractor shall provide a test certificate demonstrating the measured earth resistance from each rack to the CES which complies with the requirements of ACIF S009:2006.

A Telecommunications Reference Conductor (TRC) system performs a functional role only and shall not be used for protective earthing purposes. A TRC system is not generally required unless otherwise specified by design.


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13 Inspection, Testing and Commissioning 13.1 General

All testing shall comply with AS/NZS IEC 61935.1 for copper cabling and AS/NZS IEC 14763-3 for optical fibre cabling in accordance with the values set out in AS/NZS 3080. If recent test results for existing cable are not available and the cable is to be retained, is shall then be tested along with all existing cabling. The cabling system Contractor shall supply all labour, materials and equipment required to fully test and commission all existing and newly installed cabling.

All retained cabling shall pass testing and be identified specifically.

Permanent link copper testing shall be performed in all acceptance testing. Channel testing shall be utilised for fault location only. Testing shall only be performed using calibrated test and simulation equipment following the test guidelines set forth by the tester manufacturer and the structured cabling manufacturer. A minimum Level III tester shall be used for testing of all Class D and Class E cabling.

Test equipment approved by the cabling manufacturer should be used for all testing. All test results shall be provided in the native file format of the test equipment.

Optical fibres shall by tested by light source and power meter in accordance with AS/NZS IEC 14763-3.

The test results, for all cables, connectors and outlets shall be fully documented and tabulated, identifying each cable and each outlet or interface port by its label. Testing shall not proceed until all labelling and documentation is complete so that the test results accurately reflect the actual cables and connectors. All test results shall be included in the “as-built” document manual. The Contractor shall include a copy of all relevant specifications and compliance reports for the cables and connecting hardware used in the installation in the “as-built” document manual.

Any modifications to an already warranted SCS must be retested and warranties revalidated by the manufacturer.

13.2 Inspection A representative of the school and/or the Ministry may inspect installations from time to time to confirm compliance with the specifications and construction drawings.

The manufacturer of the cabling system (or its authorised agent) shall inspect the site to confirm compliance with this specification and their warranty requirements and provide ‘sign-off’. For larger schools multiple visits by manufacturers are expected. Each inspection visit is to be recorded with site inspection sheets provided to the Ministry’s Project Manager.

13.3 Balanced Cabling and Connecting Hardware Test personnel and the test methodology shall comply with the requirements of AS/NZS 3087.


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The acceptance testing and certification report section for balanced cabling shall include the test results for each link. The test report shall be provided in the native file format of the test equipment and include as a minimum the following details and tests results for each link:

• Cable and outlet/port identification • Test equipment and test configuration details • Wire map testing • Cable length • Cabling performance parameters as specified as AS/NZS 3080 • Date and time of testing • Name and signature of testing engineer The Contractor shall fully test the cabling system for wire map (including pin assignment and colour coding), cable length and performance of all cable pairs.

The cable system shall be tested in accordance with AS/NZS IEC 61935.1 for compliance with AS/NZS 3080 and certified to Class E Permanent Link and warranted to Class E Channel performance in accordance with Clause 6 of AS/NZS 3080.

Any channel not meeting the required performance standards shall be replaced at the expense of the Contractor.

The equipment manufacturer shall provide certification in writing indicating full compliance of the balanced cabling connecting hardware (telecommunication outlets and patch panels) with the Class E cabling system. Certification shall include test results as recorded by the appropriate test laboratory.

The cabling system installer shall certify the performance of each channel (horizontal and backbone) to Class E (all frequencies up to and including 250 MHz) for all pairs as detailed in AS/NZS 3080. The overall responsibility for achieving and demonstrating this performance objective shall remain with the Contractor.

13.4 Optic Fibre Backbone Cabling and Related Hardware Conformance testing of all optical fibres shall be in accordance with AS/NZS ISO/IEC 14763-3 at both wavelengths and in both directions using a Light Source and Power Meter.

The acceptance testing and certification report for optical fibre cables shall include as a minimum:

• Cable identification • Test equipment and configuration details including equipment settings • Length of fibre segment in metres • Loss over fibre segment in dB • Date and time of testing • Name and signature of testing technician Cable length shall be determined for each core from the metre markings on the cable, OTDR or from the certification testers. Optical loss testing shall be


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conducted on each core of all installed optical fibre cable runs by way of a Light Source and Power Meter. Actual through put loss, in decibels (dB), of the fibre link at the wavelength of system operation shall be tabulated from both ends of each fibre link.

Testing for multimode optical fibres shall be carried out at the optical wavelengths of 850nm and 1,300nm in both directions.

Testing for OS1 optical fibres shall be carried out at the optical wavelengths of 1,310nm and 1,550nm in both directions.


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14 Labeling 14.1 General

All telecommunication outlets, patch panels, enclosures, cables and conduits shall be systematically and permanently labelled.

Labels may be the computer generated by the Brother labelling system or equivalent industrial standard (e.g Dymo Industrial Labellers using vinyl tape). Use of felt tipped pen and the like is not acceptable.

The method of designation shall be in general accordance with AS/NZS 3085.1 and as described below.

All retained cabling shall be labelled in a consistent manner to the new installation.

14.2 Enclosures Each enclosure shall be labelled with a three character designation that is unique for the site:

The first character shall be alphabetic and signify the building (e.g. A for Administration, F for Block F, etc) The second character shall be alphanumeric and signify the level within the building (e.g. 1 for Level 1, G for Ground, B for Basement, etc)

The third character shall be a sequential numeral (1, 2, 3, etc) signifying the particular enclosure on the respective level. For example F24 would signify the fourth enclosure on Level 2 of Block F.

The labels shall be 100mm x 50mm, self-adhesive multi-layered laminate engraved with 15mm upper case lettering. The labels shall be located on the front centre of each rack or enclosure, near the top.

14.3 Patch Panels Patch panel ports within the enclosure shall be designated as follows:

• Horizontal ports shall be sequentially numbered using three digits. Sequences shall start at 001 for each enclosure

• Backbone balanced modular 8-pin ports shall be sequentially numbered using the letter B followed by two digits. Sequences shall start at B01 for each enclosure.

• Backbone optical fibre ports shall be sequentially numbered using the letter F followed by two digits. Sequences shall start at F01 for each enclosure.

Backbone IDC blocks (where used) shall be designated according to the particular installed configuration. Generally the blocks will be arranged in a number of verticals with pair numbering commencing at the top left of the respective vertical. Ports shall be designated as Xmno where X indicates the vertical and mno indicates the pair number.


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14.4 Horizontal UTP wiring The horizontal wiring shall be labelled with the enclosure and patch panel port identifiers as specified above. Labels shall be attached to the cable at both the rear of the telecommunications outlet and the rear of the patch panel by using the computer generated cable label. The size and length of the marking system carriers shall be sized to suit the cable size and the text required for proper identification.

For example A12-073 could signify horizontal port 73 from enclosure 2 on level 1 of the Administration building

14.5 Labelling of Outlets Each telecommunications outlet shall be labelled with the unique enclosure and patch panel port identifier. For example, the outlet designated A12-073 would be connected to patch socket 073 in cabinet A12.

The label shall be clearly visible and securely mounted.

14.6 General Power Outlets GPOs and Electrical Distribution Boards associated with the TO installation shall be labelled using an industrial grade labeller with vinyl tape Face plates must be labelled at the front the labels and behind using permanent marker pen.

As-Built drawings must have circuits marked on them, including the phase, circuit and distribution board they are fed from and an indication that it is RCD protected (if applicable).

E.g. DB7-R17-RCD (Distribution Board 7, Red Phase, Circuit/Breaker 17, RCD Protected)

14.7 Underground Ducts All underground ducts at the point of entering or exiting a building are to be labelled: “Warning: Underground Communications Duct” with an arrow pointing down. The labels shall be 100mm x 50mm, Self-adhesive multi-layered laminate engraved with 10mm upper case lettering. They may also be riveted in place to offer additional mechanical bonding. The labels shall be located on the front centre of each flashing, shroud or enclosure, approximately 300mm above the natural ground level.


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15 Administration and Documentation 15.1 General

Records should be provided in both electronic and hard-copy formats.

15.2 Construction Documentation Installation shall be in accordance with approved construction drawings. Construction documentation will typically include:

• Scaled site and building/floor location plans showing the location and size of pathways and the cables to be installed therein, cable routes, pit locations and enclosure/distributor locations. Drawings will be to a reasonable accuracy. (See Figure C1 of AS/NZS 3085.1).

• Schematic diagrams detailing the quantity and types of cables linking distributors. (See Figure C2 of AS/NZS 3085.1).

• Equipment room layouts. • Physical enclosure layouts. (See Figure C3 and C4 of AS/NZS 3085.1). • Schematic diagram detailing patch panel layout and port numbering. • Physical layout drawings of data and power outlet positions and

identification numbers • Equipment lists detailing the equipment (type/make/model) to be installed

including racks, enclosures, patch panels, and outlets. • Test methods for balanced copper and optical fibre cables.

15.3 Handover Documentation One bound copy and one electronic copy on CD-Rom of the following documentation shall be supplied to the school at the completion of the work:

• As-constructed site and building/floor location plans showing the location and size of pathways and the cables installed therein, cable routes, pit locations and enclosure/distributor locations. Drawings shall be to a reasonable accuracy. (See Figure C1 of AS/NZS 3085.1).

• As-constructed schematic diagrams detailing the quantity and types of cables linking distributors. (See Figure C2 of AS/NZS 3085.1).

• As-constructed equipment room layouts. • As-constructed physical enclosure layouts. (See Figure C3 and C4 of

AS/NZS 3085.1). • As-constructed schematics of patch panel layout and port numbering. • As-constructed physical layout drawings detailing outlet positions (both

TOs and GPOs) and identification numbers. • Description of the patching system and the labelling system used. • Equipment lists detailing the installed equipment (type/make/model)

including racks, enclosures, patch panels, and outlets. • Test reports detailing procedures, equipment configuration, and test results

(in the test equipment native format) for both balanced copper and optical fibre cable.

• Manufacturer’s Warranty Certificate/Certificate of Compliance to AS/NZS 3080 performance as specified for the particular cabling system detailing the outlets and backbone channels covered by the warranty.


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• Certificate of Compliance to AS/NZS 3000 regulations • Contractor contact details


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16 Warranty 16.1 General

Two types of warranties apply to Data Communication Cabling Installations:

• Installation Warranty • Manufacturers Warranty

16.2 Installation Warranty The cabling system Contractor shall warranty its own work and workmanship for a minimum period of 12 months. This includes any remedial work done to bring existing cabling up to the required Standard.

16.3 Manufacturers Warranty The Ministry standard for a manufacturer’s performance warranty is a minimum of 20 years parts and labour. The warranty shall be supplied directly from the equipment manufacturer to the school.

The SCS Contractor shall file for a 20+-year performance and applications assurance warranty offered by the structured cabling manufacturer using the manufacturer’s process and requirements. If those guidelines exceed the requirements within this document, those excess requirements should be followed to fully comply with the manufacturer’s warranty requirements. In the event that the manufacturer’s requirements contradict those within this document, the Contractor is to bring those contradictions to the attention of the Ministry immediately.

The application warranty shall apply to any protocol sanctioned for use with the cable plant together with the connecting hardware. The cabling Contractor shall provide a clear statement of the warranty.

Any additional cabling at the warranted premises must not compromise the existing warranty. Additional cabling shall be installed and tested by a certified and accredited supplier. An updated warranty and system certification shall be provided at the completion of any additions.

Retained cabling which has passed testing (Cat 5e and 6 cables) and has been installed to the required standards need not be covered under the new warranty.

Manufacturer’s warranties will be retained and managed by the school.

All modifications and additions to already warranted SCS must be tested and warranted by the manufacturer.


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17 Contractor Qualifications 17.1 General Qualifications

Only Contractors who: (1) have completed a manufacturer’s Certified Installer training course, (2) are approved by the communications hardware manufacturer as qualified installers, and (3), are listed by the Ministry as “Approved installers” for ICT infrastructure in schools, are permitted to terminate cable on site. .

Cabling is to be installed by communication cabling specialist organisations employing personnel who:

• Are qualified to undertake cabling installation conforming to AS/NZS 3080 (Telecommunications Installation/Cabling Installation);

• Hold current certification from the product manufacturer at a level that provides a minimum of 20 year warranty on products post installation, fully sponsored and covered by the manufacturer;

• Have a proven minimum of five (5) years previous experience in the installation of integrated communications cabling systems to the performance standards of the particular cabling system being installed.

The installer shall have a manufacturer’s certification to install and maintain the selected cabling system prior to commencing the installation.

The Supplier shall provide documentation detailing its level of certification.

17.2 Insurance The cabling system Contractor shall provide insurance certificates as specified in the terms of the specific Contract.

17.3 Contractor Selection When calling for tenders or requesting quotations, the school shall invite proposals only from cabling Contractors who are able to provide certified installations and are willing to provide the following information. A list of Contractors (“Approved Installers”) who are able to comply with these requirements is available from the cabling system manufacturers listed on the Ministry web site [put in link]

17.3.1 Company Details • Company overview • Latest financial statement

17.3.2 Qualifications and References • References for 20 year warranted sites (3 required) • Copy of warranty certification statements from the manufacturer • Customer reference letters with contact details (3 required)

17.3.3 Personnel Details and Qualifications • Company staff details and responsibilities • Trade and industry specific training e.g. Lucent, Krone, AMP, Molex, 3M.


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• Company 20 Year warranted SCS solutions • Vendor Certificates


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18 Other Considerations 18.1 Allied Systems

The following systems and peripheral components should be considered in conjunction with the design and implementation of the cabling system:

• False floor in server/communications rooms to facilitate cable routing to floor mounted racks and cabinets

• Temperature control by forced ventilation or air conditioning in server and communications rooms

• Alternatives to fire sprinklers in server and communications rooms • Smoke detection in server and communications rooms • UPS system capacity requirements, accommodation, battery maintenance

and life span • Wireless access points • IP telephone systems • Video conferencing


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Addendum 1: Typical classroom layout for Telecommunications Outlets.

Typical full classroom layout

Classroom front layout examples

White Board

DP/W

FIGURE 1From ceiling

50mmTrunking

40mmAccess

Door

White Board

FIGURE 2From floor

Trunking

DP/W

50mm

40mmAccess

Door


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White Board

FIGURE 3No ceiling nor under floor access

Trunking

DP/W

50mm

40mmAccess

Door

FIGURE 4No ceiling nor under floor access & cupboard

White Board

Trunking

Cupboard

DP/W

50mm

40mm

Access

Door

White Board

DP/W

FIGURE 5From ceiling

50mmTrunking

40mmAccess

Door

White Board

FIGURE 6From floor

DP/W

50mm

40mmAccess

Door

White Board

FIGURE 7No ceiling nor under floor access

Trunking

DP/W

50mm

40mmAccess

Door

FIGURE 8No ceiling nor under floor access & cupboard

White Board

Trunking

Cupboard

DP/W

50mm

40mm

Access

Door


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Addendum 2: Air Conditioning and Temperature Control Computer and networking equipment is designed to operate within a fairly narrow temperature range. To ensure reliable operation and the longest possible life from components the temperature must be kept within the range specified by the manufacturer.

For new schools and schools undergoing extensive renovation the consulting engineers engaged on the project will be able to advise on the need for air conditioning to control the temperature in server rooms. For existing schools building a computer network and establishing a server room for the first time, and schools expanding an existing computer network, professional advice on the need for air conditioning might not be so readily available. The following discussion may provide some guidance.

Servers and other electrical and electronic equipment in the server room generate heat. The heat created in the room, unless extracted, causes the air temperature to rise. Servers and associated equipment operate reliably only within certain temperature and humidity ranges and may fail if operated outside these specified ranges. Furthermore, the vendor may decline to honour the warranty if it can be established that the equipment was operated outside its specified environmental range.

General recommendations suggest that the temperature should not go below 10°C or above 28°C. In larger server rooms (more than 2 free standing cabinets) the air temperature must be controlled by air conditioning and professional advice must be sought. Although this seems a wide range these are the extremes and it is far more common to aim at maintaining the room temperature around 20-21°C. To do this reliably, dual redundant air conditioning units are essential.

For a small school the operating and maintenance costs for an air conditioning unit may prove difficult to sustain and it may be possible to control the temperature of small server rooms by a simple, thermostatically controlled extractor fan.

Servers are typically specified to work in temperatures up to about 35ºC but a margin for local hot spots must be allowed and 28ºC is a maximum safe air temperature at the extractor fan. Cold temperatures are unlikely to cause problems in New Zealand if a thermostatic fan switch is used.

In principle it’s easy to calculate the amount of cooling necessary for a server room by simply adding up the heat input and installing an appliance that can remove that much heat. In practice it’s rather more complicated.

Assuming good insulation, limited fenestration or an internal building space, solar heat input to the server room may be ignored. Small server rooms will typically include the following heat generating equipment:

Equipment Heat in Watts Server 400 Ethernet switch x 2 100 UPS 100 Lighting (only when door is open) Total heat input 600


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Given the specific heat capacity of air (1.2kJ/m3.ºK) it can be shown that for each kW of heat to be extracted, 50m3 of air must be pumped through the room per minute per 1ºC temperature rise between inlet and exhaust air. For example, to remove 600W of energy, using air at an ambient temperature of 20ºC and permitting the room temperature to rise to 28ºC maximum, would require a fan to pump 3.75m3 (say 4m3) of air per minute. This is equivalent to a complete air change in a 2mx2mx2.4m server room every 2.5 minutes.

Volume of air CWm °÷×= 05.03 where W is heat in Watts and ºC is air temperature

rise.

This simple calculation ignores impedance to air flow and assumes minimal pressure drop between air inlet and extractor fan. A 250mm wall fan venting directly to outside can pump between 8-12m3 per minute providing there is unrestricted airflow into the room. The problem with forced ventilation becomes immediately obvious when higher ambient temperatures are encountered. At 26ºC ambient air temperature, not uncommon in some regions, the amount of air to be pumped increases to 15m3 per minute.

The typical layout for a small server room might place an air inlet grill, of at least 1.5 times the fan area, low down on the door and the extractor fan high on opposite wall.

In summary, the choice of extractor fan is important and if high ambient temperatures are common in summer or room heat loads are likely to exceed 1kW, professional advice on air conditioning should be sought.


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Addendum 3: Guidance for installation of 10mA RCD protection in Primary Schools

1 Amendment #1 to the Wiring Rules An amendment to the ‘wiring rules” (AS/NZS 3000: 2007) implemented by the MED, Energy Safety Group in April 2010 mandated the use (in all new installations) of 10mA RCD protection devices in;

“areas normally accessible by children in.

(a) Kindergartens; and (b) Day care centres for pre-school children; and (c) Primary schools”

RCDs with a sensitivity of 10mA are designed to operate before muscular contraction, or inability to “let go” occurs. Muscular contraction can result in the inability to breathe. Infants may be more prone to this risk. Children up to the age of 12 years old are considered to be at greater risk and these are therefore the target for this rule (Ref Clause 2.6.3.2.2).

2 Schools Covered by the Requirements The current AS/NZS 3000:2007 Amendment 1, gives little definition of the types of “primary schools” where 10mA RCDs must be installed. A number of schools can be considered to accommodate “primary” school age children, namely:

• Primary (including intermediate)

• Composite

• Secondary.

For avoidance of doubt the Ministry has interpreted the requirement to include:

Any rooms and areas that are normally accessible by pupils up to and including the educational age of year 8.

The regulation therefore does not apply to secondary schools (excepting for areas normally designated to accommodate year 8 or below pupils as in some composite schools where areas are regularly shared).

3 Areas in schools that require 10mA RCD protection Based on the new standard and relating this to a typical school construction, the following areas would be considered as “areas normally accessible by children”;

• Classrooms and areas where it is intended to teach children

• Hall


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• Gymnasium

• Workrooms where children are allowed to work

• Corridors

• Children toilet areas

• Technology classrooms

• Music rooms

• Café, (excluding kitchen areas).

4 Not included in the requirement Clause 6.3.2.2 makes no distinction or special allowance for outlets located at high level. However, when considering the definition of normally accessible it is not expected that children would normally have access to areas at high level. Thus an outlet installed at or above 1.8 metres would be considered outside the area normally accessible by children.

Dedicated computer suites with computers built into dedicated benches and work stations are not considered to require 10mA RCDs where the GPO is not accessible for general purpose use by moveable equipment such as cell phone chargers and laptops and, the computer power cables are also concealed as far as practicable. In such case, a 30mA RCD can be used.

The following areas, provided they are formally designated as such, are considered as teacher only, are not normally accessible to children, and thus do not require 10mA RCD protection.

• Staff room

• Staff workrooms

• Offices

• Stores

• Caretaker

• Plant type zones and IT equipment rooms

• Administration areas

• Kitchen areas (Non teaching)

5 Key Design Criteria To comply with the requirements of AS/NZS3000.2007 clause 2.6.3.2.2 all outlets in areas normally accessible by children require 10mA RCD protection to be installed.

The following designs must be adhered to in order to provide the required protection and ensure nuisance tripping, caused by “leaky” equipment or child activation of the test buttons, does not cause undue disruption to electrical supplies.

For the rooms that require RCD to be installed the following shall apply:


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(1) All outlets installed below 1.8 meters Above Finish Floor Level (A.F.F.L.) shall have 10mA RCD protection. These shall be labelled “RCD Protected”.

(2) Outlets installed above at or 1.8m A.F.F.L need not have RCD protection. (3) No more than two double power outlets shall be installed on a single

10mA RCD. (4) As part of the site commissioning, each RCD unit shall be ramp tested to

confirm the tripping current for the outlet. Any outlet found to trip below 6mA will require replacement.

(5) If installed in a classroom environment, a panel mounted RCD should be mounted at a height of 2m or slightly above (but ensure easy accessibility by an adult of normal height). The recommend position is behind an entrance door where practical but also care should be taken to minimise loop lengths where possible. The recommend mounting is in a flush or surface mounted covered panel capable of housing 4 RCD units.

6 Implementation options for Installers In order to comply with the new requirement for 10mA RCD protection and ensure that nuisance tripping is kept to an acceptable level, the following compliance options should be adopted by cabling designers and installation teams involved in the installation of ICT Cabling Infrastructure in schools.

As room constructions are likely to vary considerably, the options should be used to achieve the most cost effective solution while still retaining the required functionality and coverage.


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6.1.1 Option 1: Integrated RCD supporting two outlets This option requires one outlet for each pair of outlets to be fitted with an integrated RCD unit. This is generally the lowest cost option and should be used where nuisance tripping caused by children is not likely to be a problem.

Care should be taken with this option to ensure an obvious association between the integrated RCD outlet and the downstream outlet (e.g. mounted close together and no more than 800mm apart).

Option 1: Integrated RCD supporting two outlets

6.1.2 Option 2: Integrated RCD at each outlet This option requires every outlet to have an integral RCD unit. This option should be used when option one is not feasible.

Option 2: Integrated RCD at each outlet

Standard Outlet

MCB

MCB Switchboard

Power outlet with integral RCD

MCB

MCB

Switchboard


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6.1.3 Option 3 - Separate panel mounted RCBO This option requires each pair of outlets to be supplied from a separate panel mounted RCD (RCBO) unit. This panel could be mounted near the door or other convenient location. The panel shall be mounted above the normal reach of the children and within a flush or surface mounted distribution panel. It is envisaged that this panel would be a low cost unit such as the PDL Superboard Series. This option can be used where child interference is likely to be a problem.

Option 3: Separate panel mounted RCBO

6.1.4 Option 4 - RCBO mounted in the Switchboard This option requires each pair of outlets requiring protection to be individually cabled from the local switchboard. RCBO units would be fitted for each pair of outlets within the switchboard. This is a viable option where the cost of the additional cabling is minimal and switch board space is available.

Option 4: RCBO mounted in switchboard

Switchboard

Standard Outlet

RCBO

RCBO

RCBO

MCB

Standard Outlet

MCB

MCB

RCBO

RCBO

RCBO

Wall Mounted Panel

Switchboard


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6.1.5 Option 5 - Separate Plate Mounted RCD This option requires each pair of outlets requiring protection to be supplied from a separate wall mounted RCD plate. This plate can either be mounted near (above and out of reach of children) the outlets, which would limit the amount of additional cable required, or, they could be mounted together at the door or other convenient readily accessible location. This option can be used where child interference is a potential problem.

Option 5: Separate plate mounted RCD

6.2 Recommended options for the implementation of RCDs The options above should be applied according building construction conditions with a view to ensuring the most cost effective solution is applied. There is a strong preference to having the RCD protection installed in the same room as the sockets they are protecting so as to provide easy identifiable access by teaching staff.

Separately mounted RCD protection is only required where nuisance tripping by children is likely occur and cause a problem.

Note: Prior Ministry approval must be obtained by designers for any option other than option 1 or option 2. The use of option 3, 4, or 5 must be predicated on there being a high probability of continual nuisance tripping by pupils and the lowest cost option should be selected.

The options should be applied in the priority order as follows:

(1) Option 1 – Lowest cost and preferred option. (2) Option 2 – Where excessive tripping may be caused by high leakage

devices or where down stream sockets cannot readily be associated with the protecting RCD outlet.

(3) Option 3 - To be used where nuisance tripping from child interference could be a problem.

(4) Option 4 - RCD mounted in the Switchboard may be an attractive option if the MCB is close by, can accommodate the additional RCDs without alteration, and only one or two additional circuits need to be installed.

Standard Outlet

Switchboard

MCB

MCB

RCD Wall Mounted Plate


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(5) Option 5 - To be used where nuisance tripping from child interference could be a problem and RCDs can be mounted together at a convenient location.