CAPE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY – Unit 2

INFORMATION MANAGEMENTUnit 2 SO 1 - 3

What is Information Management?Information management (IM) is the

collection and management of information from one or more sources and the distribution of that information to one or more audiences. This sometimes involves those who have a stake in, or a right to that information. Management means the organization of and control over the structure, processing and delivery of information. In short, information management entails organizing, retrieving, acquiring and maintaining information.

Popular Definitions of IM the procedure of collecting data and processing, presenting and

communicating informationen.wikibooks.org/wiki/SA_NCS_Computer_Application_Technology:Glossary

The provision of relevant information to the right person at the right time in a usable form to facilitate situational understanding and decision making. It uses procedures and information systems to collect, process, store, display, and disseminate information. (FM 3-0)https://rdl.train.army.mil/soldierPortal/atia/adlsc/view/public/7422-1/fm/3-13/glos.htm;jsessionid=MvnFH3yTHgWVsbGdH1zbk0Jyx82JCpBghJJlnpvwQhY51vkgrgQQ!74318302

The planning, budgeting, manipulating, and controlling of information throughout its life cycle.www.stanlake.co.uk/recruitment-candidates/recruitment-glossary.php

The entire process of defining, evaluating, protecting, and distributing data within an organization. ...www.storsoftcorp.com/Glossary.htm

STEPS IN INFORMATION MANGEMENT

Why is Info. Management important?Helps to ensure consistency in data recordingHelps to ensure effective functioning of

organizationAssists in timely decision making by

managersIncreases the understanding of situation in

which decisions needs to be madeIncreases the reliability of data used in

decision makingAdherence to the steps/procedures increases

accuracy in data management/storage

What are the benefits achieved from IM?Improves decision making when data is

accurateImproves information access and protects

against improper useReduce wastage – having had the right info to

make the right decision by the right person at the right time

Review previous decision or data to assist with future decisions

Gives competitive advantageTrust worthiness to stakeholders is increased

What are the dangers of improper IM?Inaccurate data being used to make decisionInformation being passed to unauthorised

personsCan lead to propaganda and other misuse of

informationLoss of trust in IT systems by stakeholdersLoss on income, loss of privacy and exposure

of organizational operations to unathorised persons

Key Terms in IMFields .. Data types

RecordsTablesFilesDatabase – types

of database: Hierarchical, Relational, Network

Database Management System

How are files and Databases useful in organizations?Store informationOrganize informationSearch for informationRetrieval of

informationEliminate redundanciesSupports Data Mining

ActivitiesSupport development

of Data Marts

Supports the creation and maintenance of Data Warehouses

Problems with Data Mining

Issues relating to Data Mining

Data MartsData Warehouses

History of Data StorageTrace

the history and development of Data Storage and its devices (medias)

History of Data Storage Devices

Punched Card 1725

Punched Tape 1846

Selectron tubes 1946

Magnetic Tape 1950s

Cassette Tape

Magnetic DrumFloppy Disk 1969

Hard DiskCompact Disc 1979s – 80s

History of Storage Devices

DVDDVD RHolographic Versatile

Disk

Flash Cards

Formats of DataText Based....MP3, MP4Multimedia –

contains music, video, movies, animation, graphics, etc. Vo

lum

es o

f da

ta to

be s

tore

d

Compression Utilities

File Access MethodsSequential Access

- that a group of elements (e.g. data in a memory array or a disk file or on a tape) is accessed in a predetermined, ordered sequence. Sequential access is sometimes the only way of accessing the data, for example if it is on a tape

Random Access

(sometimes called direct access) is the ability to access

an arbitrary element of a sequence in equal time

What are the advantages

and disadvantages of both

methods of file access?

Other Issues:SPEED