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Information Literacy Seminar
Responsible Use
Presentation Created by Leslie Yoder
Information Literacy
Knowing when and why you need information, where to find it, and how to evaluate, use and communicate it in an ethical manner.
From the Chartered Institute of Library Information Professionals website.
The New 3Rs
• Research Process
• Reliable Resources
• Responsible Use
The ISTE NETS - Students (Int’l. Society for Technology in Education)
The Standard
5. Digital Citizenship
Students understand human, cultural, and societal issues related to technology and practice legal and ethical behavior.
The ISTE NETS Teachers
The Standard
4. Promote and Model Digital Citizenship and Responsibility
Teachers understand local and global societal issues and responsibilities in an evolving digital culture and exhibit legal and ethical behavior in their professional practices.
Why is it important?
The landscape has changed
Brave New World• Information has changed• Belief that content on the “Net” is free.• Confronted by situations before we
have solutions• False notion of “tech savvy” kids• “Immigrant” mentality• Perceived anonymity, invisibility• “Cheating Culture”
http://www.startribune.com/nation/35282034.html
Goals for this seminar
Teachers will leave with a better understanding of:
1. Copyright law
2. Fair Use Guidelines
and
3. Why they matter
“Copy from one, it's plagiarism;
copy from two, it's research.”
~Unknown
Plagiarism
Using another person's words, ideas or creative work without giving credit to that person.
Used with permission of artist.
The New Plagiarism
Easier than ever Poorly designed assignments Real or imagined confusion regarding
ownership of information on the Internet
Busy, pressured students Absence of consequences
Why is it a problem?
• It’s illegal and unethical
• Students don’t learn
What is our goal?
• Detection
or
• Prevention
What’s the solution?
• Plagiarism-proof assignments
• Teach – paraphrasing– citation– copyright free resources
• Approach from the “Golden Rule”– Our kids are and will be creators of information
Resources• Plagiarism Proof Assignments
Doug Johnson Blue Skunk Blog Tip Sheets - Question
• Paraphrasing and Summarizing Teaching it - from The OWL Tip Sheets - Gather
• Citation tools The Citation Machine
Citation Maker
COMO LINKS comosr.spps.org < Library Media Center
< Teacher Tools http://comosr.spps.org/86c906e9-8a3c-4d0f-976f-56888ce0a07f.html
Copyright and Fair Use for Teachers http://comosr.spps.org/Copyright_and_Fair_Use.html
< Research Process http://comosr.spps.org/Research_Process.html
MLA Citation Example Sheets (& Generators) http://comosr.spps.org/mla.html
Plagiarism Policy http://comosr.spps.org/Plagiarism_Policy.html
Confusion
QuickTime™ and aH.264 decompressor
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Intellectual Property
Intellectual property rights give creators exclusive rights to their creations, thereby providing an incentive for the author or inventor to develop and share the information rather than keep it secret.
Intellectual Property Primer
Public Domain
“Those works that are either no longer protected by copyright or never were.”
From http://www.copyright.comhttp://www.copyright.cornell.edu/public_domain/ Cornel University
http://www.unc.edu/~unclng/public-d.htm
Copyright Law
Derived from specific language in the Constitution, U.S. copyright law exists to foster creativity and spur the distribution of new and original works.
The law grants copyright holders, such as publishers, writers and other types of creators, the exclusive right to reproduce, perform, distribute, translate and publicly display their original works.
http://www.copyright.com
Copyright Protects:
1. Literary works
2. Musical works
3. Dramatic works
4. Pantomimed and choreographed works
5. Pictorial, graphic and sculpted works
6. Motion pictures and audiovisual works
7. Sound recordings
What’s Copyright?
QuickTime™ and aSorenson Video 3 decompressorare needed to see this picture.
Copyright
Concept emerged after invention of printing press, in the 1400s.
Originally intended to protect elite, censor information.
200 years later, shifted to protection of creators.
First US Copyright Act - 1790 Four revisions, last in 1976 Tends to be “self-correcting.”
Multimedia
http://www.copyright.com/
Copyleft
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copyleft
Creative Commons
http://creativecommons.org/
Balance
Fair Use
Allows you to use copyrighted materials in your teaching, on a limited basis.
A Uniquely US Concept
It is presumed the use is minimal enough that it does not interfere with the copyright holder's exclusive rights to reproduce and otherwise reuse the work.
Based on Four Criteria 1. Purpose of use or transformative factor
2. Nature of the work
3. Amount and sustainability of the portion used
4. The effect on marketability
User’s Rights
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are needed to see this picture.
Multimedia Guidelines (old)• Music, lyrics, and music video:
– up to 10 percent of the work but no more than 30 seconds of the music or lyrics from an individual musical work.
– Illustrations or photographs:– no more than five images from one artist
or photographer.– no more than 10% or 15 images,
whichever is less, from a collection.• Numerical data sets:
– up to 10 percent or 2,500 fields or cell entries, whichever is less, from a copyrighted database or data table.
From: http://www.umuc.edu/library/copy.shtml#student
http://www.copyright.com/
“A variety of content and media is now available online, but fear and misinformation have kept teachers and students from using this valuable material, including portions of films, TV coverage, photos, songs, articles, and audio, in the classroom.”
Center for Social Media Press Release http://www.centerforsocialmedia
Five Principles of the Code of Best Practices in Fair Use for
Media Literacy Education Educators can, under some circumstances:
1. Make copies of newspaper articles, TV shows, and other copyrighted works, and use them and keep them for educational use.
2. Create curriculum materials and scholarship with copyrighted materials embedded.
3. Share, sell and distribute curriculum materials with copyrighted materials embedded.
Learners can, under some circumstances:
4. Use copyrighted works in creating new material
5. Distribute their works digitally if they meet the transformativeness standard.”
From: http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/10618
The Transformative FactorThe Purpose and Character of the Use:
When taking portions of copyrighted work, ask yourself the following question:
Has the material you have taken from the original work been transformed by adding new expression or meaning?
From: http://fairuse.stanford.edu/Copyright_and_Fair_Use_Overview/chapter9/9-b.html
Copyright Quiz
Sacramento State University
Resources
A Teacher's Guide to Fair Use and Copyrighthttp://home.earthlink.net/~cnew/research.htm
The Educator's Guide to Copyright and Fair Usehttp://www.education-world.com/a_curr/curr280.shtml
Copyright Charthttp://www.techlearning.com/techlearning/pdf/db_area/archives/TL/2002/10/copyright_chart.pdf
University of Minnesota Fair Use Test http://www.lib.umn.edu/copyright/checklist.phtml
Nancy Willard suggests:
• Teach about the value of created works to society.
• Use public domain resources wherever possible. • Collaborate with other educators to create and
disseminate public domain materials • Ask permission to use copyrighted work • Teach students to give credit for work used
From The Educator’s Guide to Copyright and Fair Use
Giving credit
Citation Maker
COMO LINK FOR CITATION MAKERS
comosr.spps.org/mla
http://comosr.spps.org/mla
Asking permission
It’s Easy!
Used with permission of author
In Conclusion
• Educators and students need to be informed and educated regarding the issues and the law.
• Uniformly communicated and enforced policies work best.
• If this seems complicated, it’s because it is. Use your resources!• Teach citizenship, not compliance.
Resources Consulted• Copyright in the Cyber Agehttp://www.electronic-school.com/0698f5.html• Copyright in a Digital Age http://www.electronic-school.com/2000/06/0600f2.html• Copyright Issueshttp://www.ala.org/ala/washoff/WOissues/copyrightb/copyright.htm• Cyberbee:Copyright and Digital Contenthttp://www.infotoday.com/MMSchools/oct01/cybe0110.htm• Educators Guide to Copyright and Fair Usehttp://www.techlearning.com/db_area/archives/TL/2002/10/copyright.html• Fair Use: Overview and Meaning for Higher Educationhttp://www.cetus.org/fair5.html• The Educator’s Guide to Copyright and Fair Use http://www.education-world.com/a_curr/curr280.shtml• Teacher’s Guide to Fair Use and Copyrighthttp://home.earthlink.net/~cnew/research.htm