INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES - WordPress.com · INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES 1. This question paper consists of two questions. Answer all questions. 2. Answer all the questions. 3. Answer

INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES

1. This question paper consists of two questions. Answer all questions.

2. Answer all the questions.

3. Answer each question by blackening the correct space on the answer sheet.

4. Blacken only one space for each question.

5. If you wish to change your answer, erase the blackened mark that you have made. Then

blacken the space for the new answer.

6. The diagrams in the questions provided are not drawn to scale stated.

7. You may use a non-programmable scientific calculator.

4551/1 SOALAN PRAKTIS BESTARI JUJ PAHANG 2014 SULIT

4551/1 SOALAN PRAKTIS BESTARI JUJ PAHANG 2014 3

1 Diagram 1 shows the structure of an animal cell.

Rajah 1 menunjukkan struktur satu sel haiwan.

Diagram 1

Rajah 1

What is organelle X ?

Apakah organel X ?

A Nucleus B Centriol

Nukleus Sentriol

C Ribosom D Mitochondrion

Ribosom Mitokondrion

2. The following informations shows the organs in the human body.

Maklumat berikut menunjukkan organ-organ dalam badan manusia.

Which system consists of the organs?

Sistem manakah yang mengandungi organ-organ berikut?

A Excretory system B Digestive system

Sistem perkumuhan Sistem pencernaan

C Reproductive system D Respiratory system

Sistem pembiakan Sistem respirasi

Oesophagus

Esofagus

Stomach

Perut

Small intestine

Usus kecil

X



3.

4.

Diagram 2 is a plasma membrane.

Rajah 2 adalah membran plasma.

Diagram 2

Rajah 2

What is structure labelled X ?

Apakah struktur berlabel X ?

A Cholesterol B Carrier protein

Kolesterol Protein pembawa

C Pore protein D Phospholipid

Protein berliang Fosfolipid

Diagram 3 shows the movement of molecule P across the plasma membrane by

process Q.

Rajah 3 menunjukkan pergerakan molekul P merentasi membran plasma melalui

proses Q.

Diagram 3

Rajah 3

What is process Q?

Apakah proses Q?

A Osmosis

Osmosis

B Simple diffusion

Resapan ringkas

C Facilitated diffusion

Resapan berbantu

D Active transport

Pengangkutan aktif



5. Which of the following represents the hydrolysis of triglycerides?

Antara berikut manakah mewakili hidrolisis trigliserida?

A Glycerol + Fatty acid Triglycerides

Gliserol + Asid lemak Trigliserida

B. Glycerol + Fatty acids Triglycerides + Water

Gliserol + Asid lemak Trigliserida + Air

C. Triglycerides Glycerol + Fatty acids

Trigliserida Gliserol + Asid lemak

D. Triglycerides + Water Glycerol + Fatty acids

Trigliserida + Air Gliserol + Asid lemak

6. Diagram 4 shows the optimum pH of an enzyme P in its reaction.

Rajah 4 menunjukkan pH optimum suatu enzim P dalam tindak balasnya.

Diagram 4

Rajah 4

What is enzyme P?

Apakah enzim P?

A Pepsin

Pepsin

B Rennin

Renin

C Salivary amylase

Amilase liur

D Trypsin

Tripsin

Rate of reaction / Kadar tindak balas

Enzim P / Enzim P



7. Which of the following cells is the product of meiosis?

Sel yang manakah adalah hasil meiosis?

A C

B. D

8. Which of the following is not a characteristic of mitosis?

Manakah di antara berikut bukan ciri mitosis?

A Its result in genetic variations

Ia menghasilkan variasi genetik

B Mitosis is important for replacing dead cell

Mitosis penting untuk menggantikan sel yang mati

C Damaged cells can be replaced by production of identical new cells

Sel yang tercedera boleh digantikan dengan penghasilan sel baru yang serupa

D New cells produced are used for growth of multicellular organisms

Sel baru yang terbentuk digunakan untuk pertumbuhan dalam organisma multisel



9. What are the products of light reaction of photosynthesis?

Apakah hasil tindak balas cahaya fotosintesis?

I Water / Air

II Glucose / Glukosa

III Oxygen / Oksigen

IV Carbon dioxide / Karbon dioksida

A I and II B I and III

I dan II I dan III

C II and III D III and IV

II dan III III dan IV

10.

Diagram 5 shows gaseous exchange between alveolus and blood capillaries.

Rajah 5 menunjukkan pertukaran gas antara alveolus dan kapilari darah.

Diagram 5/Rajah 5

At which position of the blood capillary does the blood have the lowest

concentration of oxygen?

Pada kedudukan kapilari darah manakah darah mempunyai kepekatan oksigen

yang paling rendah?

A R B S

C T D U

C T



11. Diagram 6 shows barnacles on the shell of a crab.

Rajah 6 menunjukkan teritip yang terdapat pada cengkerang seekor ketam.

Diagram 6

Rajah 6

What is the interaction between the barnacles and the crab?

Apakah jenis interaksi antara teritip dan ketam itu?

A Parasitism / Parasitisme

B Mutualism / Mutualisme

C Saprophytism / Saprofitisme

D Commensalism / Komensalisme

12.

Diagram 7 shows a food web.

Rajah 7 menunjukkan suatu siratan makanan.

Diagram 7

Rajah 7

Which organism is a secondary consumer?

Organisma manakah merupakan pengguna sekunder?

Barnacles / Teritip



A Fox and mice

Musang dan tikus

B Fox and rabbit

Musang dan arnab

C Fox and bird

Musang dan burung

D Bird and grasshopper

Burung dan belalang

13. Diagram 7 shows the respiratory system of an insect.

Rajah 7 menunjukkan sistem respirasi bagi sejenis serangga.

Diagram 7

Rajah 7

Which of the following is represented by M, N and O ?

Manakah yang berikut diwakili oleh M, N dan O ?

M N O

A Trachea

Trakea

Tracheole

Trakeol

Spiracle

Spirakel

B Tracheole

Trakeol

Trachea

Trakea

Spiracle

Spirakel

C Spiracle

Spirakel

Tracheole

Trakeol

Trachea

Trakea

D Spiracle

Spirakel

Trachea

Trakea

Tracheole

Trakeol

M

N

O



14.

Structure X shown in Diagram 8 exists in veins.

Struktur X yang ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 8 wujud dalam vena.

Diagram 8

Rajah 8

It has the function of

Ia mempunyai fungsi

A causing the blood to flow downwards to the feet

menyebabkan darah mengalir ke bawah ke bahagian kaki

B preventing backflow of blood on its way back to the heart

menghalang pengaliran balik darah dalam perjalanan pulang ke jantung

C ensuring the muscles around it contract to squeeze the blood back to the heart

memastikan otot di sekitarnya mengecut untuk menolak darah balik ke jantung

D pulsating in rhythm with the heartbeat as blood flows through it

berdenyut seirama dengan degupan jantung semasa darah mengalir melaluinya



15. Which of the following bones is formed by the fusion of four bones?

Antara tulang yang berikut, manakah yang terbentuk daripada gabungan empat

tulang?

A C

B. D

16.

Diagram 9 shows the structure of nephrone.

Rajah 9 menunjukkan satu struktur nefron.

Diagram 9

Rajah 9

What is X?

Apakah X?



A Loop of Henle

Liku Henle

B Collecting duct

Duktus pengumpul

C Distal convulated tubule

Tubul berlingkar Distal

D Proximal convulated tubule

Tubul berlingkar Proksimal

17. Diagram shows three types of neurons.

Rajah menunjukkan tiga jenis neuron.

Which of the following neurones are named correctly?

Manakah antara neuron berikut yang dinamakan dengan betul?

P Q R

A Interneurone

Interneuron

Efferent neurone

Neuron eferen

Afferent neurone

Neuron aferen

B Efferent neurone

Neuron eferen

Afferent neurone

Neuron aferen

Interneurone

Interneuron

C Efferent neurone

Neuron eferen

Interneurone

Interneuron

Afferent neurone

Neuron aferen

D Interneurone

Interneuron

Afferent neurone

Neuron aferen

Efferent neurone

Neuron eferen



18. Diagram 10 shows the changes in the thickness of the uterus wall during the

menstrual cycle.

Rajah 10 menunjukkan perubahan pada ketebalan dinding uterus semasa kitar

haid.

Thickness of endometrium / Ketebalan endometrium

Diagram 10

Rajah 10

On which day is an ovum most likely can be fertilized by a sperm?

Pada hari apakah ovum berkemungkinan boleh disenyawakan?

A 5 B 14

C 21 D 28

19. Diagram 11 shows a type of chromosomal mutation.

Rajah 11 menunjukkan sejenis mutasi kromosom.

Diagram 11

Rajah 11

What is the type of this chromosomal mutation?

Apakah jenis mutasi kromosom ini ?

A Deletion

Pelenyapan

B Inversion

Penyonsangan

C Translocation

Translokasi

D Duplication

Penggandaan



20. Diagram 12 shows the variation among students in class 5 Mawar .

Rajah 12 menunjukkan variasi dalam kalangan pelajar kelas 5 Mawar.

Diagram 12

Rajah 12

This trait most probably refers to the

Trait ini berkemungkinan besar merujuk kepada

A Height

Ketinggian

B Weight

Berat

C Skin colour

Warna kulit

D Type of blood group

Jenis kumpulan darah



21. Diagram 13 shows a strip of mustard green after it has been soaked in solution P.

Rajah 13 menunjukkan jalur sawi selepas direndam dalam larutan P.

Diagram 13

Rajah 13

What is solution P?

Apakah larutan P?

A Distilled water / Air suling

B Salt solution / Larutan garam

C Concentrated sucrose solution / Larutan sukrosa pekat

D Concentrated glucose solution / Larutan glukosa pekat

22. Diagram 14 shows an activity done by a student to investigate action of pepsin on

egg albumen.

Rajah 14 menunjukkan aktiviti yang dijalankan oleh seorang pelajar untuk

mengkaji tindakan enzim pepsin ke atas albumin telur.

3 drops of dilute HCL is added

3 titis HCL cair ditambahkan

2 cm3 egg albumin suspension

2 cm3 ampaian albumin telur

Diagram 14

Rajah 14

Epidermis

Epidermis Tissue

Tisu



The tubes are immersed in a water bath at 37°C.

Tabung uji direndamkan dalam kukus air pada suhu 37°C.

What are the observations should he get after 20 minutes?

Apakah pemerhatian yang mungkin dia perolehi selepas 20 minit?

P Q R S

A Clear

Jernih

Cloudy

Keruh

Cloudy

Keruh

Cloudy

Keruh

B Cloudy

Keruh

Cloudy

Keruh

Clear

Jernih

Cloudy

Keruh

C Clear

Jernih

Cloudy

Keruh

Clear

Jernih

Cloudy

Keruh

D Clear

Jernih

Cloudy

Keruh

Clear

Jernih

Clear

Jernih

23. Diagram 15 shows the phases in mitosis.

Rajah 15 menunjukkan fasa-fasa dalam mitosis.

Diagram 15

Rajah 15

Which of the following statements is true about the chromosomes at stages X and

Y?

Antara pernyataan berikut yang manakah benar tentang kromosom pada peringkat

X dan Y ?

Phase X / Fasa X Phase Y / Fasa Y

A The chromosomes start to shorten

and thicken

Kromosom mula memendek dan

menebal

The chromosomes move to the

opposite poles of the cell

Kromosom bergerak ke kutub

bertentangan pada sel

B The chromosomes have replicated

Kromosom mengganda

The chromosomes start to elongate

and clearly visible

Kromosom mula memanjang dan

jelas kelihatan

C The chromosomes are at the equator

plane

Kromosom berada pada satah

khatulistiwa

The chromosomes are at the opposite

poles in the cell

Kromosom berada pada kutub

bertentangan pada sel

D The chromosomes form twin

chromatids

Kromosom membentuk kromatid

kembar

The homologous chromosomes are

paired

Kromosom homolog berpasangan



24. The bile duct can be blocked by gallstones. Which of the following may be the

effect of this blockage?

Duktus hempedu boleh tersumbat oleh batu hempedu. Antara yang berikut,

manakah mungkin merupakan kesan daripada sumbatan ini?

A Lipase would not be produced

Lipase tidak terhasil

B Fats would not be digested properly

Lemak tidak tercerna dengan sempurna

C Nutrients would not be absorbed into the blood

Nutrien tidak dapat diserap ke dalam darah

D Enzymes would not be produced by the pancreas

Enzim-enzim tidak dihasilkan oleh pankreas

25 Diagram 16 shows a stage in human breathing mechanism.

Rajah 16 menunjukkan satu peringkat dalam mekanisme pernafasan manusia.

Diagram 16

Rajah 16

What causes it to occur?

Apakah yang menyebabkan ia berlaku?

A Volume of thoracic cavity increases and pressure of thoracic cavity decreases

Isipadu ruang toraks meningkat dan tekanan ruang toraks menurun

B Volume of thoracic cavity decreases and pressure of thoracic cavity increases

Isipadu ruang toraks menurun dan tekanan ruang toraks meningkat

C The external intercostals muscles contract

Otot interkostal luar mengecut

D The diaphragm muscles contract and return to dome shape

Otot diafragma mengecut dan kembali ke bentuk kubah



26 Diagram 17 shows the distribution of mangrove trees at the banks of a river mouth.

Rajah 17 menunjukkan taburan pokok bakau di tebing muara sungai.

Diagram 17

Rajah 17

What are the characteristics that plant P has?

Apakah ciri-ciri yang ada pada tumbuhan P?

A It has a root system that spread out widely.

Ia mempunyai sistem akar yang tumbuh dengan banyaknya.

B It grows well in hard clay soil.

Ia membesar dengan baik dalam tanah liat keras.

C It has buttress roots to trap mud.

Ia mempunyai akar banir untuk memerangkap lumpur.

D It has thin cuticle.

Ia mempunyai kutikel yang nipis.

27

Eutrophication can be caused by the following except

Eutrofikasi boleh disebabkan oleh semua yang berikut kecuali

A untreated sewage

kumbahan yang tidak dirawat

B run-offs containing domestic waste

larian air yang mengandungi buangan domestik

C overuse of chlorofluorocarbons in the industries

penggunaan kloroflurokarbon berlebihan dalam Industri

D leaching of nitrates and phosphate from agricultural field

larut resap nitrat dan fosfat daripada kawasan pertanian



28

29

A young plant has all its root hair removed. The rate of transpiration of the plant decreases.

Satu tumbuhan muda telah dibuang akar rerambutnya. Kadar transpirasi tumbuhan tersebut

menurun.

Which of the following statement correctly explain the condition?

Antara pernyataan berikut yang manakah benar bagi menerangkan keadaan tersebut?

A Reduce surface area for absorption of water.

Mengurangkan luas permukaan untuk penyerapan air.

B Reduce rate of water transport.

Mengurangkan kadar pengangkutan air.

C Reduce rate of evaporation.

Mengurangkan kadar penyejatan.

D Reduce capillarity action.

Mengurangkan tindakan kapilari.

Diagram 18 shows a posterior view of a human cervical vertebra. What are the structures

located in the parts labelled X and Y in a living human?

Rajah 18 menunjukkan pandangan posterior vertebra serviks manusia. Apakah struktur

yang terletak pada ruang berlabel X dan Y dalam manusia hidup?

Diagram 18

Rajah 18

X Y

A Neurone

Neuron

Blood vessel

Salur darah

B Blood vessel

Salur darah

Spinal cord

Saraf tunjang

C Spinal cord

Saraf tunjang

Blood vessel

Salur darah

D Blood vessel

Salur darah

Neurone

Neuron



30 The following is the information of the urine composition of four individuals.

Berikut ialah maklumat mengenai kandungan air kencing bagi empat individu.

Individual Concentration of urea in the urine

Kandungan urea dalam air kencing

Water content in the urine

Kandungan air dalam air kencing

P Low / Rendah High / Tinggi

Q Low / Rendah Low / Rendah

R High / Tinggi High / Tinggi

S High / Tinggi Low / Rendah

Which individual is most likely to have been eating a lot of protein on a hot and dry day ?

Individu manakah yang telah mengambil paling banyak protein pada hari yang kering dan

panas ?

A P B Q

C R D S



31

Diagram 19 shows the radicle of a seedling divided into 10 equal zones from its tip. The

change in length of each zone is observed after three days.

Rajah 19 menunjukkan radikel satu biji benih yang dibahagikan kepada 10 zon yang sama

dari hujungnya. Perubahan panjang pada setiap zon diperhatikan selepas tiga hari.

Diagram 19 /Rajah 19

Which of the following graphs represents the growth of the radicle?

Manakah graf berikut yang mewakili pertumbuhan radikel itu?

A C

B. D



32

33

Diagram 20 shows genotype of offsprings from parent P and Q.

Rajah 20 menunjukkan genotip anak daripada induk P dan Q.

Diagram 20

Rajah 20

What is the possible genotype of P and Q?

Apakah kemungkinan genotip P dan Q?

Parent P Parent Q

A AA BB

B AA BO

C AB AB

D AO BO

A colour blind man married a woman with a normal vision who is a carrier. If they were to

have a daughter, what is the probability that she would be colour blind?

Seorang lelaki buta warna berkahwin dengan seorang wanita penglihatan normal. Jika

mereka mendapat anak perempuan, apakah kebarangkalian anak perempuan itu buta

warna?

A 0 B 0.25

C 0.5 D 1.0

P Q X

AA BB AB AB



34 Table below shows the variation of two individuals P and Q.

Jadual menunjukkan variasi dua individu P dan Q.

Individual P

Individu P

Individual Q

Individu Q

Which is the major factor that causes the variation of individuals P and Q?

Apakah faktor utama yang menyebabkan variasi individu P dan Q?

A Genetic factor / Faktor genetik

B Environmental factor / Faktor persekitaran

C Hormonal imbalance / Ketidakseimbangan hormon

D Mutation / Mutasi



35 Which of the following processes does not cause variation?

Antara proses berikut, yang manakah tidak menyebabkan variasi?

A C

B. D

36 Diagram 21 is an example of transgenic crops like tomatoes have been created through

genetic engineering.

Rajah 21 menunjukkan contoh tanaman transgenik seperti buah tomato yang berjaya

dihasilkan melalui kejuruteraan genetik.

Normal tomato after two weeks

Tomato normal selepas dua minggu

Transgenic tomato after two weeks

Tomato transgenik selepas dua minggu

Diagram 21 / Rajah 21

Which of the following statements are true in describing transgenic crops?

Pernyataan yang manakah benar untuk menerangkan tentang tumbuhan transgenik?



I Transgenic crops contain new traits and are beneficial because their genes are from

other organisms that is being inserted into their chromosomes.

Tumbuhan transgenik mempunyai trait yang baharu dan berfaedah kerana gen daripada

organisma lain telah disisipkan ke dalam kromosomnya.

II Resistant to certain pathogen.

Mempunyai rintangan terhadap patogen tertentu.

III Show higher growth rate with higher and better quality yields.

Menunjukkan kadar pertumbuhan yang cepat dengan hasil yang banyak dan berkualiti.

IV Transgenic plants can be cloned to commercialised.

Tumbuhan transgenik boleh diklonkan untuk dikomersialkan.

A I and III only

I dan III sahaja

B II and IV only

II dan IV sahaja

C I, II and III

I, II dan III

D I, II, III and IV

I, II, III dan IV

37 Diagram 22 shows a graph of the releases and absorption of carbon dioxide in plant.

Rajah 22 menunjukkan graf pembebasan dan penyerapan karbon dioksida di dalam

tumbuhan.

Diagram 22

Rajah 22

Which of the following refers to P?

Antara berikut, yang manakah merujuk kepada P?



A Rate of respiration lower than rate of photosynthesis.

Kadar respirasi lebih rendah daripada kadar fotosintesis.

B Rate of respiration higher than rate of photosynthesis.

Kadar respirasi lebih tinggi daripada kadar fotosintesis.

C Rate of respiration is the same as rate of photosynthesis.

Kadar respirasi sama seperti kadar fotosintesis.

D Rate of respiration increase and rate of photosynthesis does not change.

Kadar respirasi meningkat dan kadar fotosintesis tidak berubah.

38 Diagram 23 shows the experiment to investigate the content of carbon dioxide and oxygen in

an air sample .

Rajah 23 menunjukkan eksperimen untuk menyiasat kandungan karbon dioksida dan oksigen

dalam suatu sampel udara.

Diagram 23

Rajah 23

Initial length of bubble gas……………………….................... 10.00 cm

Panjang awal gelembung udara …………………………………. 10.00 cm

Length of bubbles gas + potassium hydroxide solution………. 9.40 cm

Panjang gelembung udara + potassium hidroksida …………… 9.40 cm

Length of bubble gas + potassium pyrogalate solution……….. 8.00 cm

Panjang gelembung udara + potassium pirogalat ……………. 8.00 cm

What is the percentage of oxygen in the air sample?

Apakah peratus oksigen di dalam sampel udara?

A 6% B 10%

C 14% D 16%



39 Diagram 24 shows the respiratory surface of three organisms.

Rajah 24 menunjukkan permukaan respirasi bagi tiga organism.

Diagram 24

Rajah 24

Which of the following is the adaptation for gaseous exchange common in the three

respiratory surfaces?

Manakah antara berikut ialah penyesuaian bagi pertukaran gas dalam ke tiga – tiga

permukaan respirasi tersebut?

A Supported by chitin rings

Disokong oleh gegelang kitin.

B Covered with blood capillaries

Diselaputi oleh kapilari darah

C Have many branches

Mempunyai banyak cabangan

D Have large surface areas

Mempunyai luas permukaan yang besar



40 Diagram 25 shows the result of an experiment to estimate the population size of wood lice in

areas X, Y, and Z using the capture , mark, release, and recapture technique.

Rajah 25 menunjukkan keputusan satu kajian untuk menganggar saiz populasi kutu kayu di

kawasan X, Y, dan Z dengan menggunakan teknik tangkap, tanda, lepas dan tangkap

semula.

Diagram 25

Rajah 25

What is the total population size of the wood lice in that area?

Apakah jumlah saiz populasi kutu kayu di kawasan tersebut ?

A 30 B 60

C 115 D 120

41 The sample of water in a lake shows a low BOD level.

Sampel air dari suatu tasik menunjukkan tahap BOD yang rendah.

Which of the following statement best describe the situation?

Manakah antara pernyataan berikut yang terbaik menerangkan tentang keadaan tersebut?

A Pollution by untreated waste

Pencemaran oleh sisa yang tidak dirawat.

B An increase in the temperature of the lake.

Peningkatan suhu tasik

C The high amount of dissolve oxygen in the lake.

Jumlah oksigen terlarut yang tinggi di dalam tasik.

D A decrease activity of microorganism in the lake

Penurunan aktiviti mikroorganisma dalam tasik



42 Diagram 26 is a bar chart showing a gradual increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide

within 25 years.

Rajah 26 ialah carta bar yang menunjukkan peningkatan kandungan gas karbon dioksida

dalam masa 25 tahun.

290

300

310

320

330

340

350

360

1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Year

Co

nc

en

trati

on

of

carb

on

dio

xid

e

Diagram 26

Rajah 26

Which of the following activities are capable to control this problem?

Antara aktiviti berikut, yang manakah dapat mengawal masalah di atas?

I reduce the burning of fossil fuels.

kurangkan pembakaran bahan api fosil.

II reduce the uses of CFCs

kurangkan penggunaan CFC

III reduce deforestations for farming and development

kurangkan penyahutanan untuk pertanian dan pembangunan

IV reduce the usage of excess nitrates from fertilizers

kurangkan penggunaan baja nitrat secara berlebihan

A I and II only / I dan II sahaja

B I and III only / I dan III sahaja

C I, II and III only / I,II dan III sahaja

D I, II , III and IV / I, II, III dan IV



43 Diagram 27 shows the set-up of a potometer to study the rate of transpiration under different

conditions.

Rajah 27 menunjukkan potometer gelembung yang disediakan untuk mengkaji kadar transpirasi

dalam keadaan yang berbeza.

Diagram 27

Rajah 27

Which of the following conditions will result in the air bubble moving at the highest speed from X

to Y ?

Antara berikut, yang manakah akan meyebabkan pergerakan gelembung udara dari X

ke Y pada kadar yang paling cepat ?

A Low humidity , high temperature and high light intensity.

Kelembapan udara yang rendah, suhu tinggi dan keamatan cahaya yang tinggi.

B High humidity, low temperature and high light intensity

Kelembapan udara yang tinggi, suhu rendah dan keamatan cahaya yang tinggi.

C Low humidity, low temperature and low light intensity

Kelembapan udara yang rendah, suhu rendah dan keamatan cahaya yang rendah.

D High humidity, high temperature and low light intensity

Kelembapan udara yang tinggi, suhu tinggi dan keamatan cahaya yang rendah



44 Diagram 28 is a graph showing the changes in the concentration of antibodies in the blood of a

student after he was given an antiserum injection.

Rajah 28 menunjukkan graf perubahan kepekatan antibodi dalam darah seorang pelajar selepas

diberi suntikan antiserum.

Diagram 28

Rajah 28

Which of the graphs A, B, C and D shows the changes in the concentration of antibodies in the

blood after a period of time?

Manakah bagi graf A, B, C dan D menunjukkan perubahan kepekatan antibodi dalam darah

selepas suatu tempoh masa tertentu?



45 A patient with kidney failure uses a haemodialysis machine to eliminate urea from his blood.

Which statement explains the situation?

Seorang pesakit yang mengalami kegagalan ginjal menggunakan mesin hemodialisis untuk

menyingkirkan urea dari darahnya.

Penyataan manakah yang menerangkan situasi tersebut?

A Concentration of urea in the blood and in the dialysis fluid is the same

Kepekatan urea di dalam darah adalah sama dengan kepekatan urea di dalam cecair dialisis

B Concentration of water molecules in the blood is higher than in the dialysis fluid

Kepekatan molekul air dalam darah lebih tinggi daripada kepekatan molekul air dalam cecair

dialisis

C Concentration of urea in the blood is higher than in the dialysis fluid

Kepekatan urea dalam darah lebih tinggi daripada kepekatan urea dalam cecair dialisis

D Concentration of urea in the dialysis fluid is higher than in the blood

Kepekatan urea dalam cecair dialisis lebih tinggi daripada kepekatan urea dalam darah

46 Diagram 29 shows the mechanism of regulation of the body temperature of a normal person.

Rajah 29 menunjukkan mekanisme pengawalaturan suhu badan seseorang yang normal.


What are response M and response N?

Apakah gerak balas M dan gerakbalas N?



Response M

Gerakbalas M

Response N

Gerakbalas N

A Increased shivering

Penggigilan ditingkatkan

Decreased production of sweat

Penghasilan peluh dikurangkan

B Increased metabolic rate

Kadar metabolisme ditingkatkan

Increased shivering

Penggigilan ditingkatkan

C Decreased production of sweat

Penghasilan peluh dikurangkan

Vasoconstriction

Pemvasocerutan

D Vasoconstriction

Pemvasocerutan

Increased production of sweat

Penghasilan peluh ditingkatkan

47

Graph shows the concentration of female sex hormones in the blood over time.

Graf menunjukkan kepekatan hormon seks wanita dalam darah pada satu tempoh masa.

At which point does ovulation occurs?

Pada ketika manakah ovulasi berlaku?

48 A pregnant woman was infected on the 16th week of pregnancy. The infection caused the placenta

to stop functioning. What is the effect of the infection?

Seorang wanita mengandung telah dijangkiti pada minggu ke 16 kehamilannya. Jangkitan itu

telah menyebabkan plasentanya tidak berfungsi. Apakah kesan jangkitan itu?

A A Down’s syndrome child is born

Anak yang menghidap sindrom Down dilahirkan

B The uterus wall continue to thicken

Dinding uterus terus menebal

C The foetus is aborted

Fetus akan keguguran

D The foetus continues to develop

Fetus terus berkembang



49 Diagram 30 shows the result of the monohybrid cross between trait rambutan tree P and rambutan

tree Q, 50% of the offspring are tall and 50% are dwarf.

Rajah 30 di bawah menunjukkan keputusan kacukan monohibrid bagi pokok rambutan R dan

rambutan Q. 50% dari anak yang terhasil kesemuanya tinggi manakala 50% lagi kerdil.


If the rambutan tree R is crossed with the rambutan tree S, what percentage of the trees produced

will be dwarf?

Sekiranya pokok rambutan R dikacukkan dengan pokok rambutan S, apakah peratus anak yang

terhasil adalah kerdil?

A 0 % B 25 %

C 50 % D 75 %

Parent :

(Induk)

Offspring :

(Anak)

Rambutan tree P

(Tall / Tinggi) Rambutan tree Q

(dwarf / kerdil) X

Rambutan tree R

(Tall / Tinggi) Rambutan tree S

(dwarf / kerdil)



50 Table shows the Punnett square representing the gametes involved and the offspring produced

from a dihybrid cross. Numbers 1 to 16 represent offspring produced by the cross.

Jadual menunjukkan segiempat Punnett yang mewakili gamet-gamet yang terlibat dan anak-anak

yang terhasil daripada satu kacukan dihibrid. Nombor 1 hingga 16 mewakili anak-anak yang

terhasil daripada kacukan ini.

Gamete

Gamet AB aB Ab ab

AB 1 2 3 4

aB 5 6 7 8

Ab 9 10 11 12

ab 13 14 15 16

Which of the following numbers show homozygous genotype?

Manakah antara nombor-nombor berikut menunjukkan genotip homozigot?

A 3 and 14

3 dan 14

B 1 and 16

1 dan 16

C 5 and 10

5 dan 10

D 9 and 12

9 dan 12

END OF QUESTIONS

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