Influenza A/H1N1 W. Rose 20091026 H1N1 is a subtype of influenza type A Influenza types B and C also exist but less common, less infectious, and drift

Influenza A/H1N1W. Rose 20091026

H1N1 is a subtype of influenza type AInfluenza types B and C also exist but less common, less infectious, and drift less rapidly than type ADrift: gradual change in properties due to relatively rapid mutation rate (due to lack of proofreading of RNA polymerase product)Reassortment: combinations of genes from different viruses in a multiply-infected cell

Parts of virus•Membrane with glycoproteins hemagglutinin (H), neuraminidase (N); ion channels (M2)•Capsid (protein shell)•Ribonucleoproteins (ssRNA, RNA polymerase, etc)

http://medicineworld.org/images/blogs/9-2006/influenza-virus-82101.jpg

Influenza A/H1N1 life cyclehttp://www.xvivo.net/zirus-antivirotics-condensed/

How it enters the cellWhat it does thereHow it reproduces

http://www.xvivo.net/zirus-antivirotics-condensed/

Influenza VaccinesSeasonal Flu Vaccine •Mix of two A types, one B type•Injectable: killed (inactivated) virus•Nasal spray: live attenuated

H1N1 2009 Flu Vaccine•Injectable: killed (inactivated) virus•Nasal spray: live attenuated

Antiviral treatment•Oseltamivir (Tamiflu), zanamivir (Relenza) : neuraminidase inhibitors, blocks viral budding from cell•Amantadine etc.: blocks M2 ion channel, thus preventing uncoating; resistance common

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Influenza A/H1N1 W. Rose 20091026 H1N1 is a subtype of influenza type A Influenza types B and C also exist but less common, less infectious, and drift