Infertility in men - common causes and cures,Male Factor Infertility

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  • 8/9/2019 Infertility in men - common causes and cures,Male Factor Infertility

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    Male Factor Infertility

    Infertility in men - common causes and cures.

    Misconceptions are very common in the world of infertility. One popular myth is that infertility is the

    woman's problem and that once that "problem" is fixed; the couple will be able to conceive. This could

    not be farther from the truth.

    Infertility is not just a woman's problem. Although the estimates vary, approximately 15 percent of

    couples attempting their first pregnancy meet with failure. In fact, in nearly 30% of all infertility cases,

    the cause is attributed to a factor in the male and in an additional 30% of cases the cause is attributed to

    both male and female factors.

    Male Factor and Anatomy

    Bladder is the muscular sac that stores the urine until it is released through the urethra.

    Urethra is the tube that carries semen and urine out of the penis.

    Penis is made up of two parts: the shaft (the main part) and glans (sometimes called as tip)

    Testicle The two testicles produce sperm and the male sex hormone testosterone.

    Epididymis next to each testicle the epididymis is a lightly coiled tube where sperms are stored. From

    here, sperms are transported to the vas deference.

    Vas Deference This thin muscular tube transports sperm from epididymis to urethra.

    Seminal Vesicle located at the base of the bladder, the two seminal vesicles secrete a thick fluid that

    nourishes the sperms.

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    Prostate Gland This walnut sized gland surrounds a portion of the urethra and produces some of the

    fluids in the semen.

    Scrotum

    The scrotum contains the testicles and epididymis and hangs under the penis.

    Male infertility is the inability of a man to successfully fertilize a woman's egg. Male infertility can be

    caused by any number of factors, including low sperm motility, abnormal sperm shape, varicocele, and

    oligospermia (low sperm count). Find out about male factor infertility and treatment options, as well as

    how to locate a fertility specialist in your area.

    The following is a list of risk factors related to male infertility (also called male factor or male factor

    infertility):

    1.Cigarette or marijuana smoke

    2.Heavy alcohol consumption

    3.Exposure of the genitals to high temperatures

    4.Hernia repair

    5.Undescended testicles

    6.Prescription drugs for ulcers or psoriasis

    7.History of prostatis or genital infection

    8.Testicular trauma or torsion

    9.History of precocious puberty (puberty occurring at a young age) or delayed puberty (puberty

    occurring at an older age)

    10.Exposure to toxic substances or hazards on the job, such as lead, cadmium, mercury, ethylene oxide,

    vinyl chloride,radioactivity, and x-rays.

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    Diagnostic Testing for Male Factor Infertility:

    The evaluation of the male begins with a history, physical examination, and two semen analyses. The

    semen analysis and additional laboratory tests that are sometimes performed are discussed below.

    1) Semen Analysis.

    2) Optional Tests like Vital staining,Strict morphology determination,Peroxidase staining,Semen

    culture,Biochemical analysis of semen,Hormone evaluation,Post-coital/cervical mucus test.

    3) Additional Optional Tests to evaluate sperm function include:

    Sperm penetration assay (Hamster test) ,Human zona pellucida binding tests,Computer-assisted semen

    analysis (CASA)

    The evaluation of the male can reveal details of abnormal Semen,Azoospermia,Germ-cell aplasia,

    Sertoli-cell Only Syndrome,SCO,Low semen production,Low Sperm Count,Oligospermia,Low Sperm

    Motility.

    No semen test can fully predict the fertilizing ability of sperm because of the variability in other factors,

    including those in the female partner. Therefore, a complete infertility evaluation of the woman is also

    necessary.

    Common Male Infertility Treatments: Treatment for male factor infertility:

    Specific treatment for male factor infertility will be determined by your physician based on:

    1. Your age, overall health, and medical history

    2. Extent of the disease

    3. Your tolerance for specific medications, procedures, or therapies

    4. Expectations for the course of the disease

    5. Your opinion or preference

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    There is a range of treatment options currently available for male factor infertility.

    Several different kinds of male infertility solutions are available to either improve male fertility or

    circumvent the fertility problem. Dietary and lifestyle changes - such as taking more vitamins, minerals,

    and enzymes, and quitting any form of substance abuse - can generally improve male factor infertility

    related to low sperm count or sperm abnormalities.

    However, there are also assisted reproductive technologies available to aid in conception, specifically

    artificial insemination and in vitro fertilization, IVF, GIFT, and other techniques, microinjection

    techniques such as intracytoplasmic sperm injection, or ICSI, drug therapy and surgery.

    Artificial Insemination

    The majority of ART procedures now use in vitro fertilization with the woman's own eggs, which are

    fertilized in a laboratory. The best candidates for IVF are women with damaged fallopian tubes and

    couples dealing with male factor infertility or unexplained infertility. In addition to ART, there are

    numerous male fertility drugs, fertility tests, and infertility treatments specifically for men.

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    Locate a Fertility Specialist:

    If you think that male factor infertility may be affecting your chances of conception, contact a fertility

    clinic in your area. A male fertility specialist can help by running tests to diagnose potential infertility

    causes and provide assistance with male infertility solutions and treatment.

    Contact a male factor infertility specialist today at:

    Rotunda- Centre for human reproduction

    Phone:+91 22 2640 5000

    Call us from UK on:44-2080997519 Call us from USA on:1-714-2740122

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