100
Solving Inequalities

Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

  • Upload
    others

  • View
    3

  • Download
    0

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

Page 1: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Solving Inequalities

Page 2: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Inequalities and Their Graphs

Objective: To write, graph, and identify solutions of inequalities.

Page 3: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Objectives

• I can write an inequality.

• I can identify solutions by evaluating inequalities.

• I can graph an inequality.

• I can write an inequality from a graph.

• I can write real-world inequalities.

Page 4: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Vocabulary

• An inequality is a mathematical sentence that uses an inequality symbol to compare the values of two expressions.

• You can use a number line to visually represent the values that satisfy an inequality

Page 5: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Writing Inequalities

What inequality represent the verbal expression?

• All real numbers x less than or equal to -7

• 6 less than a number k is greater than 13

• All real numbers p greater than or equal to 1.5

• The sum of t and 7 is less than -3

Page 6: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Practice

Write an inequality that represents each verbal expression.

• v is greater than or equal to 5

• 3 less than g is less than or equal to 17

• B is less than 4

• The quotient of k and 9 is greater than 1

3

Page 7: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Vocabulary

• A solution of an inequality is any number that makes the inequality true.

• The solutions of the inequality x < 5 are all real numbers that are less than 5.

• You can evaluate an expression to determine whether a value is a solution of an inequality.

Page 8: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Identifying Solutions by Evaluating

• Is the number a solution of 2x + 1 > –3?• –3

• –1

• Consider the numbers 0 – 1, 0, 1, and 3. Which are solutions of 13 – 7y ≤ 6?

Page 9: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Practice

Determine whether each number is a solution of the given inequality.

1. 3y – 8 > 22 2, 0, 5

2. 8m – 6 ≤ 10 2, 3, –1

3. 4x + 2 < –6 0, –2, 1

4. m(m – 3) < 54 –10, 0, 9

5.6−n

n≥ 11 0.5, 2, 4

Page 10: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

VocabularyYou can use a graph to indicate all of the solutions of an inequality.

The open dot shows that 3 is not a solution.

The closed dot shows that 3 is a solution.

When the variable is larger than the number then you shade to the right.

When the variable is smaller than the number then you shade to the left.

Page 11: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Graphing an Inequality

What is the graph of each?

1. 2 ≥ a

2. x > –4

3. c < 0

4. 3 ≤ n

5. 1.5 < r

Page 12: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Practice

Match the inequality with its graph.

1. x < –1

2. x ≥ –1

3. –1 < x

4. –1 ≥ x

Page 13: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Practice

Graph each inequality.

1. y > 2

2. –3 < f

3. t ≤ –4

4. r ≥ 3

5.5

4> p

Page 14: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Writing an Inequality From a Graph

What inequality represents the graph?

0

0

0

0

0

Page 15: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Practice

Write an inequality for each graph.

0

0

0 2

–5 –3 –1

0

Page 16: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Writing Real – World InequalitiesWhat inequality describes the situation? Be sure to define a variable.

1. Trail Rides starting at $19.99

2. Speed Limit 8 miles per hour

3. The restaurant can set at most 172 people.

4. A person must be at least 35 years old to be elected President of the United States.

5. A light bulb can be no more than 75 watts to be safely used in this light fixture.

6. At least 475 students attended the orchestra concert Thursday night.

7. A law clerk has earned more than $20,000 since being hired.

Page 17: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Solving Inequalities Using Addition or

Subtraction

Objective: To use addition or subtraction to solve inequalities.

Page 18: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Objectives

• I can use the addition property of inequality.

• I can solve an inequality and check solutions.

• I can use the subtraction property of inequality.

• I can write and solve an inequality.

Page 19: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Vocabulary• Just as you used the properties of equality to solve equations, you can use the

properties of equality to solve inequalities.

• Equivalent inequalities are inequalities that have the same solutions.

• Addition Property of Inequality:• Let a, b, and c be real numbers

• If a > b, then a + c > b + c• If a < b, then a + c < b + c• This property is also true for ≤ and ≥.

• Example:5 > 4, so 5 + 3 > 4 + 3 (8 > 7)3 < 7, so 3 + 8 < 7 + 8 (11 < 15)

Page 20: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Using the Addition Property of Inequality

What are the solutions? Graph the solution.

1. x – 15 > –12

2. n – 5 < –3

3. p – 4 < 1

4. 8 ≥ d – 2

Page 21: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Practice

Solve each inequality. Graph and check your solutions.1. y – 2 > 11

2. t – 4 ≥ –7

3. v – 4 < –3

4. s – 10 ≤ 1

5. –6 > c – 2

6. 9 < p – 3

7. 8 ≤ f – 4

8. –3 ≥ x – 1

Page 22: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Vocabulary

• The original inequality has infinitely many solutions, so you cannot check them all.

• However, you can verify that the final inequality is correct by checking its endpoint and the direction of the inequality symbol.

Page 23: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Solving an Inequality and Checking Solutions

What are the solutions?

1. 10 ≥ x – 3

2. m – 11 ≥ –2

3. z – 12 ≤ –4

4. 0 < −1

3+ f

Page 24: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Practice

Solve each inequality. Graph and check your solutions.

1. 4.3 > –0.4 + s

2. –2.5 > n – 0.9

3. −3

4> r –

3

4

4. c –4

7<

6

7

5. y – 1 ≥ 1.5

6. p – 11

2> 1

1

2

7. 1 < d – 7

8. a – 3.3 ≥ 2.6

Page 25: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Vocabulary

Subtraction Property of Inequality:

• Let a, b, and c be real numbers

• If a > b, then a – c > b – c

• If a < b, then a – c < b – c

• This is also true for ≥ and ≤.

• Example:

3 > -4, so 3 – 3 > -4 – 3 (0 > -7)

-3 < 5, so -3 – 2 < 5 – 2 (-5 < 3)

Page 26: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Using the Subtraction Property of Inequality

What are the solutions?1. t + 6 > –4

2. –1 ≥ y + 12

3. y + 5 < –7

4. 4 + c > 7

Page 27: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Practice

Solve each inequality. Graph and check your solutions.

1. x + 5 ≤ 10

2. n + 6 > –2

3. 2 < 9 + c

4. 8.6 + z ≤ 14

5. –1 ≥ 5 + b

6.1

4+ a > −

3

4

7.1

3< n + 3

8.3

5+ d ≥ −

2

5

Page 28: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Writing and Solving an Inequality

• The hard drive on your computer has a capacity of 120 GB. You have used 85 GB. You want to save some home videos to your hard drive. What are the possible sizes of the home video collection you can save?

• A club has a goal to sell at least 25 plants for a fundraiser. Club members sell 8 plants on Wednesday and 9 plants on Thursday. What are the possible numbers of plants the club can sell on Friday to meet their goal?

Page 29: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Practice

• Your goal is to take at least 10,000 steps per day. According to your pedometer, you have walked 5274 steps. Write and solve an inequality to find the possible number of steps you can take to reach your goal.

• You earn $250 per month from your part – time job. You are in a kayaking club that costs $20 per month, and you save at least $100 each month. Write and solve an inequality to find the possible amounts you have left to spend each month.

Page 30: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Objective: to use multiplication or division to solve inequalities.

Solving Inequalities Using Multiplication or Division

Page 31: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Objectives

• I can multiply by a positive number to solve an inequality.

• I can multiply by a negative number to solve an inequality.

• I can divide by a positive number to solve an inequality.

• I can divide by a negative number to solve an inequality.

Page 32: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Vocabulary

• Just as you used multiplication and division to solve equations, you use multiplication and division to solve inequalities.

Page 33: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Multiplication Property

• Let a, b, and c be real numbers with c > 0.

• If a > b, then ac > bc.

• If a < b, then ac < bc.

• Example: 4 > 1, so 4(3) > 1(3) (12 > 3)

• Example: -2 < 3, so -2(2) < 3(2) (-4 < 6)

• Let a, b, and c be real numbers with c < 0.

• If a > b, then ac < bc.

• If a < b, then ac > bc.

• Example: 3 > 1, so 3(-1) < 1(-1) (-3 < -1)

• Example: 2 < 4, so 2(-2) > 4(-2) (-4 > -8)

Page 34: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Vocabulary

• Here’s Why It Works: Multiplying or dividing each side of an inequality by a negative number changes the meaning of an inequality. You need to reverse the inequality symbol to make the inequality true. Here is an example:

3 > 1

–2(3) ___ –2(1) Multiply by –2

–6 ___ –2 Simplify

–6 < –2 Reverse the inequality symbol to make the inequality true

Page 35: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Multiplying by a Positive Number

What are the solutions?

1.𝑥

3< −2

2.𝑐

8>

1

4

3.𝑥

3≤ −1

4. 1 ≥𝑏

8

Page 36: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Practice

Solve each inequality. Graph and check your solution.

1.𝑥

5≥ −2

2.𝑤

6< 1

3. 4 >𝑝

8

4. −3 <𝑥

3

5. −7 ≤7

3𝑥

6. 8 >2

3𝑘

Page 37: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Multiplying by a Negative Number

What are the solutions?

1. −3

4𝑤 ≥ 3

2. −𝑛

3< −1

3. −𝑥

5> 1

4. −1 ≤ −𝑥

9

Page 38: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Practice

Solve each inequality. Graph and check your solution.

1. 1 ≤ −5

4𝑦

2. −𝑣

2≥ 1.5

3. 0 ≤ −3

11𝑚

4. −3

2𝑏 < 6

5. −3

4> −

3

8𝑚

6. −5 ≥ −5

9𝑦

Page 39: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Vocabulary

• Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication.

• If you divide each side of an inequality by a negative number, you need to reverse the direction of the inequality symbol.

• When dividing by a negative number, remember to change your sign! It is incorrect if you do not change your sign.

Page 40: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Division Property

• Let a, b, and c be real numbers with c > 0.• If a > b, then a/c > b/c.• If a < b, then a/c < b/c.• Example: 6 > 3, so 6/3 > 3/3 (2 > 1) • Example: 8 < 12, so 8/4 < 12/4 (2 < 3)

• Let a, b, and c be real numbers with c < 0.• If a > b, then a/-c < b/-c.• If a < b, then a/-c > b/-c.• Example: 6 > 3, so 6/-3 < 3/-3 (-2 < -1)• Example: 8 < 12, so 8/-4 > 12/-4 (-2 > -3)

Page 41: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Dividing by a Positive Number

• You walk dogs in your neighborhood after school. You earn $4.50 per dog. How many dogs do you need to walk to earn at least $75?

• A student club plans to buy food for a soup kitchen. A case of vegetables costs $10.68. The club can spend at most $50 for this project. What are the possible numbers of cases the club can buy?

Page 42: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Practice

Solve each inequality. Graph and check your solution.

1. 3m ≥ 6

2. 4t < –12

3. 11z > –33

4. 18b ≤ –3

5. 8t ≤ 64

6. 63 ≥ 7q

Page 43: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Dividing by a Negative Number

What are the solutions?

1. –9y ≤ 63

2. –5x > –10

3. –3x ≥ 9

4. –6x < –36

Page 44: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Practice

Solve each inequality. Graph and check your solution.

1. –30 > –5c

2. –4w ≤ 20

3. 56 < –7d

4. –7y ≥ 17

5. –5h < 65

6. –12x > 132

Page 45: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Practice

• Text messages cost $0.15 each. You can spend no more than $10. How many text messages can you send?

• Tetras cost $3.99 each. You can spend at most $25. How many tetras can you buy for your aquarium?

Page 46: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

More Algebraic Properties

Page 47: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Vocabulary

• The following properties can help you understand algebraic relationships.

Properties of Equality Examples

Reflexive Property a = a 5x = 5x, $1 = $1

Symmetric Property If a = b, then b = a If 15 = 3t, then 3t = 15.If 1 pair = 2 socks, then 2 socks = 1 pair.

Transitive Property If d = 3y and 3y = 6, then d = 6.If 36 in = 3 ft and 3 ft = 1 yd, then 36 in = 1 yd

Properties of Inequality Examples

Transitive Property If 8x < 7 and 7 < y, then 8x < y.If 1 cup < 1 qt and 1 qt < 1 gal, then 1 cup < gal.

Page 48: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Practice• Complete the statement using the given property.

• If 7x < y and y < x + 2, then 7x < ____. (Transitive Property of Inequality)

• If 2000 lb = 1 ton, then 1 ton = ____. (Symmetric Property)

• Name the property.

• If 3.8 = n, then n = 3.8.

• 6 in = 6 in

• If x = 7 and 7 = 5 + 2, then x = 5 + 2

• If math class is earlier than art class and art class is earlier than history class, then math class is earlier than history class.

• Complete the following sentence. If Amy is shorter than Greg is shorter than Lisa, then Amy is shorter than ___.

Page 49: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Solving Multi-Step Inequalities

Objective: To solve multi-step inequalities.

Page 50: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Objectives

• I can solve inequalities using more than one step.

• I can write and solve a multi-step inequality.

• I can solve inequalities using the distributive property.

• I can solve an inequality with variables on both sides.

• I can solve inequalities with special solutions.

Page 51: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Vocabulary

• You solve a multi-step inequality in the same way you solve a one-step inequality.

• You use the properties of inequality to transform the original inequality into a series of simpler, equivalent inequalities.

Page 52: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Using More than One Step

What is the solution?1. 9 + 4t > 21

2. –6a – 7 ≤ 17

3. –4 < 5 – 3n

4. 50 > 0.8x + 30

Page 53: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Practice

Solve each inequality. Check your solutions.1. 5𝑓 + 7 ≤ 22

2. 6 − 3𝑝 ≥ −9

3. 6𝑛 − 3 > −18

4. 9 ≤ −12 + 6𝑟

5. −5𝑦 − 2 < 8

6. 6 ≤ 12 + 4𝑗

Page 54: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Vocabulary

• You can adapt familiar formulas to write inequalities. You use the real-world situation to determine which inequality symbol to use.

Page 55: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Writing and Solving a Multi-Step Inequality

In a community garden, you want to fence in a vegetable garden that is adjacent to your friend’s garden. You have at most 42 ft of fence. What are the possible lengths of your garden?

12

FEET

Your Garden

Page 56: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Writing and Solving a Multi-Step Inequality

You want to make a rectangular banner that is 18 feet long. You have no more than 48 ft of trim for the banner. What are the possible width of the banner?

Page 57: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Practice

• On a trip from Buffalo, New York, to St. Augustine, Florida, a family wants to travel at least 250 mi in the first 5 hours of driving. What should their average speed be in order to meet this goal?

• An isosceles triangle has at least two congruent sides. The perimeter of a certain isosceles triangle is at most 12 in. The length of each of the two congruent sides is 5 in. What are the possible lengths of the remaining side?

Page 58: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Using the Distributive Property

What is the solution?1. 3 𝑡 + 1 − 4𝑡 ≥ −5

2. 15 ≤ 5 − 2 4𝑚 + 7

3. 2 𝑝 + 2 − 3𝑝 ≥ −1

4. 2(18𝑥 − 5) ≤ 44

Page 59: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Practice

• Solve each inequality.1. 3 𝑘 − 5 + 9𝑘 ≥ −3

2. − 7𝑐 − 18 − 2𝑐 > 0

3. −3 𝑗 + 3 + 9𝑗 < −15

4. −4 ≤ 4 6𝑦 − 12 − 2𝑦

5. 30 > − 5𝑧 + 15 + 10𝑧

6. −4 𝑑 + 5 − 3𝑑 > 8

Page 60: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Vocabulary

• Some inequalities have variables on both sides of the inequality symbol. You need to gather the variable terms on one side of the inequality and the constant terms on the other side.

Page 61: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Solving an Inequality With Variables on Both SidesWhat are the solutions?

1. 6𝑛 − 1 > 3𝑛 + 8

2. 3𝑏 + 12 > 27 − 2𝑏

3. 18𝑥 − 5 ≤ 3 6𝑥 − 2

4. 4𝑤 − 8 ≥ 6𝑤 + 10

Page 62: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Practice

Solve each inequality.1. 4𝑥 + 3 < 3𝑥 + 6

2. 6 − 3𝑝 ≤ 4 − 𝑝

3. 4𝑣 + 8 ≥ 6𝑣 + 10

4. 3𝑚 − 4 ≤ 6𝑚 + 11

5. 5𝑓 + 8 ≥ 2 + 6𝑓

6. 4𝑡 + 17 > 7 + 5𝑡

Page 63: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Vocabulary

• Sometimes solving an inequality gives a statement that is always true, such as 4 > 1. In that case, the solutions are all real numbers.

• If the statement is never true, as is 9 ≤ –5, then the inequality has no solution.

Page 64: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Inequalities With Special Solutions

What are the solutions?1. 10 − 8𝑎 ≥ 2 5 − 4𝑎

2. 6𝑚 − 5 > 7𝑚 + 7 − 𝑚

3. 9 + 5𝑛 ≤ 5𝑛 − 1

4. 8 + 6𝑥 ≥ 7𝑥 + 2 − 𝑥

Page 65: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Practice

Solve each inequality, if possible. If the inequality has no solution, write no solution. If the solutions are all real numbers, write all real numbers.

1. −3 𝑤 − 3 ≥ 9 − 3𝑤

2. 9 + 2𝑥 < 7 + 2 𝑥 − 3

3. −5𝑟 + 6 ≤ −5 𝑟 + 2

4. 2 𝑛 − 8 < 16 + 2𝑛

5. −2 6 + 𝑠 ≥ −15 − 2𝑠

6. 6𝑤 − 4 ≤ 2(3𝑤 + 6)

Page 66: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Compound Inequalities

Objective: To solve and graph inequalities containing the word and. To solve and graph inequalities

containing the word or.

Page 67: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Objectives

• I can write a compound inequality.

• I can solve a compound inequality involving the word AND.

• I can write and solve a compound inequality.

• I can solve a compound inequality involving the word OR.

• I can use interval notation.

Page 68: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Vocabulary

• A compound inequality consists of two distinct inequalities joined by the word and or the word or.

• You find the solutions of a compound inequality either by identifying where the solution sets of the distinct inequalities overlap or by combining the solution sets to form a larger solution set.

Page 69: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Vocabulary

• The graph of a compound inequality with the word andcontains the overlap of the graphs of the two inequalities that form the compound inequality.

• You can rewrite a compound inequality involving and as a single inequality. For instance, x ≥ 2 and x ≤ 4. You read this as “x is greater than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 4.” Another way to read it is “x is between 2 and 4, inclusive.” Inclusive means the solutions of the inequality include both 2 and 4.

• The graph a compound inequality with the word or contains each graph of the two inequalities that form the compound inequality.

Page 70: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Writing a Compound Inequality

What compound inequality represents the phrase? Graph the inequality.

1. All real numbers that are greater than –2 and less than 6

2. All real numbers that are less than or equal to 2

1

2or greater than 6

3. All real numbers that are less than 0 or greater than or equal to 5

4. All real numbers that are greater than or equal to –4 and less than 8

Page 71: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Practice

Write a compound inequality that represents each phrase. Graph the solutions.

1. The circumference of a women’s basketball much be between 28.5 inches and 29 inches, inclusive.

2. All real numbers that are between –5 and 7

3. All real numbers that are greater than or equal to 0 and less than 8

Page 72: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Vocabulary

• A solution of a compound inequality involving and is any number that makes both inequalities true.

• One way you can solve a compound inequality is by separating it into two inequalities.

Page 73: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Solving a Compound Inequality Involving AND

What are the solutions? Graph the solutions.1. −3 ≤ 𝑚 − 4 < 1

2. −2 < 3𝑦 − 4 < 14

3. 5 ≤ 𝑦 + 2 ≤ 11

4.1

4<

2𝑥−7

2< 5

Page 74: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Practice

Solve each compound inequality. Graph your solutions.1. 2 ≤ 0.75𝑤 ≤ 4.5

2. −3 ≤6−𝑞

9≤ 3

3. −4 < 𝑘 + 3 < 8

4. 15 ≤20+11+𝑘

3≤ 19

5. 3 < 4𝑝 − 5 ≤ 3

6. −4

3≤

1

7𝑤 −

3

4< 1

Page 75: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Vocabulary

• You can also solve an inequality like −3 ≤ 𝑚 − 4 < −1 by working on all three parts of the inequality at the same time.

• You work to isolate the variable between the inequality symbols.

• This method is used in the next example.

Page 76: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Writing and Solving a Compound Inequality

• To earn a B in your algebra course, you must achieve an unrounded test average between 84 and 86, inclusive. You scored 86, 85, and 80 on the first three tests of the grading period. What possible scores can you earn on the fourth and final test to earn a B in the course?

• Suppose you scored 78, 78, and 79 on the first three tests. Is it possible for you to earn a B in the course? Assume that 100 is the maximum grade you can earn in the course and on the test.

Page 77: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Practice

• Your test scores in science are 83 and 87. What possible scores can you earn on your next test to have a test average between 85 and 90, inclusive?

• For safety, the weight of each rider of a certain roller coaster must fall in the range given by the inequality 10 ≤

𝑤

2− 30 ≤ 70 where w is in

pounds. Solve for w to find the safe weight range.

Page 78: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Vocabulary

• A solution of a compound inequality involving or is any number that makes either inequality true.

• To solve a compound inequality involving or, you must solve separately the two inequalities that form the compound inequality.

Page 79: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Solving a Compound Inequality Involving OR

What are the solutions of each? Graph the solutions.1. 3𝑡 + 2 < −7 𝑜𝑟 − 4𝑡 + 5 < 1

2. −2𝑦 + 7 < 1 𝑜𝑟 4𝑦 + 3 ≤ −5

3. 6𝑏 − 1 < −7 𝑜𝑟 2𝑏 + 1 > 5

4. 4𝑑 + 5 ≥ 13 𝑜𝑟 7𝑑 − 2 < 12

Page 80: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Practice

Solve each compound inequality. Graph your solutions.1. 5𝑦 + 7 ≤ −3 𝑜𝑟 3𝑦 − 2 ≥ 13

2. 5 + 𝑚 > 4 𝑜𝑟 7𝑚 < −35

3. 7 − 𝑐 < 1 𝑜𝑟 4𝑐 ≤ 12

4. 5𝑧 − 3 > 7 𝑜𝑟 4𝑧 − 6 < −10

5. 7𝑥 > 42 𝑜𝑟 − 5𝑥 ≤ 10

Page 81: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Vocabulary

• You can use an inequality such as 𝑥 ≤ −3 to describe a portion of the number line called an interval.

• You can also use interval notation to describe an interval on the number line. Interval notation includes the use of three special symbols. These symbols include:

Parentheses: Use ( or ) when a < or > symbol indicates that the interval’s endpoints are NOT included.

𝑥 > 2(2,∞)

Brackets: Use [ or ] when a ≤ or ≥ symbol indicates that the interval’s endpoints ARE included.

3 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 12[3,12]

Infinity: Use ∞ when the interval continues forever in a positive direction. Use −∞ when the interval continues forever in a negative direction.

𝑥 < 2 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 ≥ 3(−∞,2) or [3,∞)

Page 82: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Using Interval Notation

• What is the inequality? Graph each inequality.

1. [–4,6)2. (−∞, –1] or (2, ∞)3. (–2,7]

• What is the interval notation? Graph the interval.

1. x ≥ 62. c < 83. 5 ≤ b <15

Page 83: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Examples

• Write each interval as an inequality.1. (−∞, -1] or (3, ∞)

2. [6, ∞)

3. [–4,5]

4. (−∞,2]

• Write each inequality in interval notation.1. x > –2

2. x ≤ 0

3. x < −2 or x ≥ 1

4. −3 ≤ x < 4

Page 84: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Absolute Value Equations and

Inequalities

Objective: To solve equations and inequalities involving absolute value.

Page 85: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Objectives

• I can solve an absolute value equation.

• I can solve an absolute value equation using real world examples.

• I can solve an absolute value equation with no solution.

• I can solve an absolute value inequality involving ≥.

• I can solve an absolute value inequality involving ≤.

Page 86: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Vocabulary

• You can solve absolute value equations and inequalities by first isolating the absolute value expression, if necessary. Then write an equivalent pair of linear equations or inequalities.

Page 87: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Solving an Absolute Value Equation

What are the solutions?1. 𝑥 + 2 = 9

2. 𝑛 − 5 = −2

3. 𝑏 =1

2

4. 𝑦 = 4

5. 𝑓 − 6 = 10

Page 88: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Practice

Solve each equation. 1. 𝑥 − 10 = −2

2. 5 𝑑 = 20

3. 𝑛 + 3 = 7

4. −3 𝑚 = −9

5. 𝑦 + 3 = 3

6. 7 = 𝑠 − 3

Page 89: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Vocabulary

• Some equations, such as 2𝑥 − 5 = 13, have variable expressions within absolute value symbols. The equation 2𝑥 − 5 = 13 means that the distance on a number line from 2x –5 to 0 is 13 units. There are two points that are 13 units from 0: 13 and –13. So you find the values of x, solve the equation 2x – 5 = 13 and 2x – 5 = –13.

• You can generalize this process as follows.

• Solving Absolute Value Equations: To solve an equation in the form 𝐴 = b, where A represents a variable expression and b > 0, solve A = b and A = –b.

Page 90: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Solving an Absolute Value Equation

• Starting from 100 ft away, your friend skates toward you and then passes by you. She skates at a constant speed of 20 ft/s. Her distance d from you in feet after t seconds is given by 𝑑 = 100 − 20𝑡 . At what time is she 40 feet from you?

• Another friend’s distance d from you (in feet) after t seconds is given by 𝑑 = 80 − 5𝑡 . What does the 80 in the equation represent? What does the 5 in the equation represent? At what time is she 60 feet from you?

Page 91: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Practice

Solve each equation. If there is no solution, write no solution.1. 2𝑥 − 5 = 13

2. 𝑟 − 8 = 5

3. 𝑐 + 4 = 6

4. 2 = 𝑔 + 3

5. 3 = 𝑚 + 2

6. 2𝑡 = 6

Page 92: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Vocabulary

• Recall that absolute value represents distance from 0 on a number line. Distance is always nonnegative. So any equation that states the absolute value of an expression is negative has no solutions.

Page 93: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Solving an Absolute Value Equation With No SolutionWhat are the solutions?

1. 3 2𝑧 + 9 + 12 = 10

2. 3𝑥 − 6 − 5 = −7

3. −2 7𝑑 = 14

4. −3 2𝑤 = −12

5. 3 𝑣 − 3 = 9

6. 2 𝑑 + 4 = 8

Page 94: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Practice

Solve each equation. If there is no solution, write no solution.1. 4𝑓 + 1 − 2 = 5

2. 3𝑡 − 2 + 6 = 2

3. 4 2𝑦 − 3 − 1 = 11

4. 3 𝑥 + 2 + 4 = 13

5. −4 𝑘 = 12

6. −3𝑛 − 2 = 4

7. −4 𝑘 + 1 = 16

Page 95: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Vocabulary

• You can write absolute value inequalities as compound inequalities. The graphs below show two absolute value inequalities.

𝑥 < 2 represents all numbers with a distance from 0 that is 2 units. So 𝑥 < 2 means −2 < 𝑥 < 2.

This is also true with the inequality symbol ≤.

𝑥 > 2 represents all numbers with a distance from 0 that is greater than 2 units. So 𝑥 > 2 means 𝑥 < −2 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 > 2. This is also true with the inequality symbol ≥.

Page 96: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Vocabulary

• Solving Absolute Value Inequalities: • To solve an inequality in the form 𝐴 < 𝑏, where A is a variable expression and

b > 0, solve the compound inequality –b < A < b. (THIS IS AN AND INEQUALITY!)

• To solve an inequality in the form 𝐴 > 𝑏, where A is a variable expression and b > 0, solve the compound inequality A < –b or A > b. (THIS IS AN OR INEQUALITY!)

• Similar rules are true for ΙAΙ ≤ b and ΙAΙ ≥ b.

Page 97: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Solving an Absolute Value Inequality Involving ≥

What are the solutions? Graph the solutions.1. 𝑥 ≥ 3

2. 𝑦 + 8 ≥ 3

3. 4𝑤 + 1 > 11

4. 5𝑡 − 4 ≥ 16

5. 𝑥 + 2 > 1

6. 2 9𝑐 − 13 > −20

Page 98: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Practice

Solve and Graph each inequality.1. 3𝑡 + 1 > 8

2. 4𝑥 + 7 > 19

3. 5𝑚 − 9 ≥ 24

4. 8𝑛 ≥ 24

5. 4 − 3 𝑚 + 2 > −14

6. 2𝑥 + 4 ≥ 5

Page 99: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Solving an Absolute Value Inequality Involving ≤

• A company makes boxes of crackers that should weigh 213 grams. A quality-control inspector randomly selects boxes to weigh. Any box that varies from the weight by more than 5 grams is sent back. What is the range of allowable weights for a box of crackers?

• A food manufacturer makes 32 ounce boxes of pasta. Not every box weighs exactly 32 ounces. The allowable difference from the ideal weight is at most 0.05 ounces. Write and solve an absolute value inequality to find the range of allowable weights.

Page 100: Inequalities - Ms. Griggsmsmgriggs.weebly.com/.../8/55483585/solving_inequalities.pdf•Solving inequalities using division is similar to solving inequalities using multiplication

Practice

Solve and graph each inequality.1. 𝑥 < 5

2. 𝑥 + 3 < 5

3. 𝑦 − 2 ≤ 1

4. 𝑝 − 7 ≤ 3

5. 2𝑐 − 5 < 9

6. 2𝑓 + 9 ≤ 13

7. 2𝑣 − 1 ≤ 9

8. ℎ − 3 < 5