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INDUSTRIAL SMOG
• Smog = smoke + fog• Large cities experience
photochemical smog = smog + sunlight– aka Los Angeles-type smog
• When smog is sulfurous, its London-type smog– Certain types of coal have more
sulfur than other types
SMOGSMOG
IntroductionIntroduction
• Los Angeles Smog (photochemical smog) is the mixture of ozone, hydrocarbons and partially oxidized hydrocarbons, oxides of nitrogen and other trace gases that results from the action of sunlight on automobile exhaust – It is characterized by high temperatures and
sunny conditions.
• London Smog (particulate, or sulfurous smog) is a mixture of sulfur dioxide and sulfate and sulfite aerosols resulting primarily from the combustion of high sulfur coal followed by conversion of SO2 to H2SO4 – It is characterized by high humidity and low
temperatures.
Temperature Temperature InversionInversion
Figure 18.9
Los Angeles SmogLos Angeles Smog
Figure 18.9
London SmogLondon Smog
Economics
– Higher care cost.
– Crop damage is quite costly.
– Damage synthetic materials, cracks in rubber
and accelerates the fading of dyes and the
deterioration of paints.
– Impact of tourism (visibility condition).
– Effect on the Red Sugar Maple Tree (Canada’s
forestry industry depends on this tree).
Continue…
Severe Air Pollution Severe Air Pollution EpisodesEpisodes
In 1948 in the steel-mill town of Donora, Pennsylvania, intense local smog killed 19 people. Deadly smog envelops the town.
Tehran• Dec 2005, school and
public offices had to close because of smog from industry.
• 1600 people taken to hospital.
German,1998
• Issue – industrial smog
very worse.
• Solution – road sign (no
traffic allowed due to
smog).
California• Golden Gate Bridge of the NOx photochemical smog.
Effects Of Industrial Smog
HUMAN
– Reducing the body system
to fight infection.
– Irritates the eyes, nose and
throat.
– Increased susceptibility to
respiratory infection.
– Decrease lung function and
physical performance.
– Damage lung tissues (high
risk for child).
PLANTS AND ANIMALS
– Decrease lung capacity and
lung elasticity of animals.
– Damaged leaf tissues
(discoloration, black and
white spot.
– In Canada, less of forest by
increasing level of smog.
– Inhibit plant growth.
Prevention StepsPrevention Steps
• Applying clean technologies
Used the transport that burn the fuel
oil completely.
If possible, use green transport. For
example, hybrid car.
• Factories must filter the smog that produced first.
• The environment policies should
be applied by the government.