Indicator Code Book Global Information System on Alcohol ...ISO Health Indicators Framework Method of estimation Statistical analyses based on surveys, weighted to be representative

Global Information System on Alcohol and Health

Indicator Code Book

Indicator Code Book. Global Information System on Alcohol and Health

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Table of Contents

• Comprehensive and regular reporting of alcohol situation

• Community-based interventions on alcohol involving stakeholders

• Consumer information about calories, additives, etc on alcohol containers

• Data collection on Foetal Alcohol Syndome

• Data collected on harm from alcohol at workplace

• Clinical guidelines for brief interventions on alcohol

• Cautions and arrests for drink-driving

• Blood alcohol concentration (BAC) limit when driving a vehicle

• Cautions and arrests for public drunkenness

• Clinical guidelines for brief interventions

• Central coordinating entity for alcohol policy implementation

• Detection of marketing infringements on alcohol

• Designation of alcohol tax revenues to health services

• Duty paid or excise stamp on alcohol container

• Estimate of five-year change in recorded alcohol per capita (15+ years) consumption of pure alcohol

• Ban of alcohol use

• Age-standardized death rates of alcohol-related conditions

• Age-standardized death rates (15+ years) of alcohol-related conditions

• Alcohol consumers, past 12 months

• Alcohol dependence (12-month prevalence)

• Alcohol content displayed on containers

• Age-standardized DALYs of alcohol-related conditions

• Abstainers (15+ years), past 12 months

• Abstainers (15+ years), lifetime

• Action Plan for implementation of alcohol policy

• Age limit for on-premise alcohol service and off-premise alcohol sales

• Adopted written national policy on alcohol

• Alcohol-related disease mortality

• Alcoholic psychosis

• Annual revenues from alcohol excise tax

• Awareness activities on alcohol

• Average daily intake in grams of alcohol among drinkers

• Alcoholic beverage tax revenue as a per cent of government revenue

• Alcohol use disorders (12-month prevalence)

• Alcohol expenditure as a per cent of total household expenditure

• Alcohol-attributable fractions

• Alcoholic beverage legally defined

• Alcohol-attributable Years of life lost (YLL) score


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• National guidelines for implementing effective community-based interventions to reduce alcohol-related harm

• National guidelines for alcohol problem prevention and counselling at workplaces

• National guidelines for the prevention and reduction of alcohol-related harm in schools

• National surveys on heavy espisodic drinking

• National surveys on adult alcohol consumption

• Measures for enhancing compliance with age limits for alcoholic beverages

• Licensing for production and sale of alcoholic beverages

• Minimum legal drinking age

• National alcohol policy specifically involves young people activities

• Monopoly on production and sale of alcoholic beverages

• National surveys on youth alcohol consumption

• Persons with alcohol use disorders receiving treatment

• Penalties for marketing infringements on alcohol

• New types of alcoholic beverages emerging

• National sytems for monitoring alcohol consumption and harms

• Number of standard alcoholic drinks displayed on containers

• Penalties for drink driving

• Patterns of drinking score

• Government support for community action on alcohol

• Framework of national alcohol policy

• Harmful use of alcohol (12-month prevalence)

• Health warning labels on alcohol containers

• Health warning labels on alcohol advertising

• Excise tax as a per cent of the retail price of alcoholic beverages

• Excise duty on alcoholic beverages per hectolitre

• Excise tax as a per cent of the total retail price for 1 litre of pure alcohol

• Former drinkers

• Excise tax on alcoholic beverages

• Heavy episodic drinking

• Legal obligation for schools to interact with parents regarding education and well-being including on alcohol-related harm

• Legal obligation for schools to interact with parents regarding education and well-being

• Legislation on alcohol testing at workplaces

• Level of taxation for alcoholic beverages adjusted for inflation

• Level of adoption of national alcohol policy

• Hospital discharges, alcoholic liver disease

• Heavy episodic drinking (drinkers only)

• Hospital discharges, alcohol-related injuries and poisoning

• Legal obligation for schools to include alcohol use prevention

• Illegal alcoholic beverages legislation


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• Standard drink defined

• Social costs of alcohol use

• Total alcohol per capita (15+ years) consumption of pure alcohol among drinkers

• Total alcohol per capita (15+ years) consumption of pure alcohol

• Road traffic fatalities involving alcohol (% of all road traffic fatalities)

• Road traffic accidents involving alcohol, per cent of all traffic crashes

• Server training on alcohol

• Sectors represented in national alcohol policy

• Unrecorded adult (15+ years) per capita consumption of pure alcohol

• Treatment policy for alcohol use disorders

• Workplace representatives nationally involved to prevent and address alcohol-related harm

• Value-added tax (VAT) on alcohol

• Total alcohol per capita (15+) consumption of pure alcohol, projections to 2025

• Total alcohol per capita (15+ years) consumption of pure alcohol, projected estimates for 2012

• Treatment admissions (inpatient), alcoholic psychosis

• Tourist alcohol consumption

• Restrictions for off-premise sales of alcoholic beverages at petrol stations

• Regular reports from national monitoring systems on alcohol

• Restrictions for on-/off-premise sales of alcoholic beverages on locations

• Restrictions for on-/off-premise sales of alcoholic beverages during specific events

• Price of alcoholic beverages

• Price measures on alcoholic beverages other than taxation

• Recorded alcohol per capita (15+ years) consumption of pure alcohol

• Random breath testing (RBT) use and sobriety checkpoints

• Restrictions on alcohol sales promotion

• Restrictions on alcohol product placement

• Road traffic accidents involving alcohol

• Restrictions on alcohol use in public places

• Restrictions for on-premise sales of alcoholic beverages to intoxicated persons

• Restrictions for on-/off-premise sales of alcoholic beverages on times

• Restrictions on alcohol industry sponsorship

• Restrictions on alcohol advertising


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Abstainers (15+ years), lifetime

Age

Unit of Measure

Unit Multiplier

M&E Framework

Method of estimation of global and regional aggregates

Average of countries with representative data weighted by the respective populations.

Disaggregation Sex

Links Global Information System on Alcohol and Health (GISAH)

Global Infobase

Comments Preferred data sources: Population-based surveys representative for a country; if possible as part of internationally comparative surveys.

Expected frequency of data dissemination

Every 3-5 years

Expected frequency of data collection

Every 3-5 years

Limitations

Contact Person NMH/MSD/MSB ([email protected])

Data Type Representation Percent

Topic Risk factors

ISO Health Indicators Framework

Method of estimation Statistical analyses based on surveys, weighted to be representative for the population.

Indicator name Abstainers (15+ years), lifetime

Name abbreviated Lifetime abstainers

Preferred data sources Population-based surveys

Other possible data sources

Method of measurement A representative sample of the adult population (15+ years) of the country is asked to answer questions in a survey. The first priority in the decision tree is given to international surveys (in this order of preference: WHS, STEPS, GENACIS, and ECAS); second is national surveys.

Rationale Aggregate measures such as APC only give population averages. In order to better understand alcohol consumption, we need to combine this information with other information on who drinks and in what pattern. The number of lifetime abstainers provides such information by separating out the drinking from the non-drinking population.

Definition Lifetime abstainers is defined as the proportion of adults (15+ years) in a given population who have not consumed any alcohol during their lifetime, assessed at a given point in time. Numerator: The number of lifetime abstainers (15+ years). Denominator: The total number of participants (15+ years) responding to the corresponding question in a given survey. Weighted by survey design.

Associated terms

Indicator ID 460

http://apps.who.int/ghodata/?theme=GISAH

https://apps.who.int/infobase


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Abstainers (15+ years), past 12 months

Disaggregation Sex

Unit of Measure

Unit Multiplier


M&E Framework




Global Infobase



Every 3-5 years


Every 3-5 years

Limitations


Topic Risk factors



Indicator name Abstainers (15+ years), past 12 months

Name abbreviated Abstainers




Rationale Aggregate measures such as APC only give population averages. In order to better understand alcohol consumption, we need to combine this information with other information on who drinks and in what pattern. The number of abstainers in the past 12 months provides such information by separating out the drinking from the non-drinking population.

Definition Abstainers in the past 12 months is defined as the proportion of adults (15+ years) in a given population who have not consumed any alcohol during the past 12 months, assessed at a given point in time. Numerator: The number of abstainers (15+ years) in the past 12 months. Denominator: The total number of participants (15+ years) responding to the corresponding question in a given survey. Weighted by survey design.

Associated terms

Indicator ID 456




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Action Plan for implementation of alcohol policy

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure


Method of estimation The national authorities of a given country respond to the WHO Global Survey on Alcohol and Health.

M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic


Data Type Representation Categorical

Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Action Plan

Method of measurement

Indicator name Action Plan for implementation of alcohol policy


Preferred data sources


Associated terms

Rationale One first needs to be aware of a country's laws and policies regarding alcohol before one can establish whether these influence the level and patterns of alcohol consumption in the population.

Definition This is to indicate whether there is a national action plan for the implementation of the written national policy on alcohol.

Indicator ID 2342



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Adopted written national policy on alcohol

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure


Method of estimation The national authorities of a given country respond to the Global Survey on Alcohol and Health.

M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Adopted written national policy


Indicator name Adopted written national policy on alcohol




Associated terms

Rationale One first needs to be aware of a country's laws and policies regarding alcohol before one can establish whether these influence the level and patterns of alcohol consumption in the population. Thus, the legal status of alcohol production, distribution and consumption is an important indicator.

Definition An adopted written national policy on alcohol is defined as a written organized set of values, principles and objectives for reducing the burden attributable to alcohol in a population.

Indicator ID 1396



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Age limit for on-premise alcohol service and off-premise alcohol sales

Disaggregation Alcoholic beverage type

Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic


Data Type Representation Count

Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Age limit on-/off-premise


Indicator name Age limit for on-premise alcohol service and off-premise alcohol sales




Associated terms


Definition The legal age limit for on-premise service of alcoholic beverages is defined as the age at which a person can be served alcoholic beverages on premises in a country, i.e. alcoholic beverages cannot be served to a person under this age. The legal age limit for off-premise sales of alcoholic beverages is defined as the age at which a person can be sold alcoholic beverages off premises in a country, i.e. alcoholic beverages cannot be sold to a person under this age.

Indicator ID 1400



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Age-standardized DALYs of alcohol-related conditions

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure

Unit Multiplier


M&E Framework


Links Global Burden of Disease

Global Information System on Alcohol and Health (GISAH)

Comments


Periodic


Periodic

Limitations

Data Type Representation Rate

Topic Risk factors


Method of estimation See Global Burden of Disease estimates for 2004.

Indicator name Age-standardized DALYs of alcohol-related conditions

Name abbreviated DALYs

Preferred data sources Civil registration with complete coverage and medical certification of cause of death



Rationale These are figures for all DALYs in a specific condition; however, the following conditions are presented where causal impact of alcohol has been established: Alcohol use disorders, Breast cancer, Cerebrovascular disease, Colon and rectum cancers, Diabetes mellitus, Drownings, Falls, Fires, Ischaemic heart disease, Liver cancer, Liver cirrhosis, Mouth and oropharynx cancer, Oesophagus cancer, Poisoning, Prematurity and low birth rate, Road traffic accidents, Self-inflicted injury, Other unintentional injuries, Violence.

Definition Age-standardized DALYs estimates for 2004 (all ages) per 100,000, by cause and Member State, from the Global Burden of Disease estimates. These are figures for all DALYs in a specific condition; however, the conditions are presented where causal impact of alcohol has been established (see Rationale).

Associated terms

Indicator ID 2377

http://www.who.int/healthinfo/global_burden_disease/estimates_country



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Age-standardized death rates (15+ years) of alcohol-related conditions

Disaggregation Sex

Unit of Measure Deaths per 100 000 population

Unit Multiplier

M&E Framework



Periodic


Topic Risk factors


Method of estimation The numbers of deaths per 100,000 population are influenced by the age distribution of the population. Two populations with the same age-specific mortality rates for a particular cause of death will have different overall death rates if the age distributions of their populations are different. Age-standardized mortality rates adjust for differences in the age distribution of the population by applying the observed age-specific mortality rates for each population to a standard population. Hence the age standardized mortality rate is a weighted average of the age-specific mortality rates per 100,000 persons, where the weights are the proportions of persons in the corresponding age group of the WHO standard population. Age-standardized death rates were calculated for population 15 years and over.

Indicator name Age-standardized death rates (15+ years) of alcohol-related conditions

Name abbreviated ASDR (15+)




Rationale Liver cirrhosis is associated with long-term excessive alcohol consumption. The prevalence of this condition in a given population is therefore useful in establishing the relative level of the number of individuals dying from heavy alcohol use. Alcohol is a frequent contributor to fatal road traffic accidents. These are therefore important in evaluating, in an indirect way, alcohol-related mortalities and health outcomes generally.

Definition The age-standardized death rate for these conditions is defined as the number of individuals in a given population who died from liver cirrhosis or road traffic accidents, respectively (codes according to ICD-10), during a calendar year. Death rates are age-standardized by the WHO standard population. Numerator: The total number of deaths from the respective condition as mentioned above during a calendar year, among the country's population. Denominator: Whenever available, population data as provided by the countries; in the absence of reported population data, the estimated population data prepared by the United Nations Population Division are used.

Associated terms

Indicator ID 1413


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WHO Mortality Database

Comments Data sources: Cause of death statistics are reported to WHO by Member States on an annual basis by year, age and sex.



Periodic

Limitations For small countries with a population of less than 500,000 inhabitants, no age-standardized death rate is calculated. Since the number of deaths for those countries are too small, the effect of random fluctuation will be high. The age-standardized death rates were calculated only for countries with a good national coverage of the population (75% or more). The age-standardized death rates for liver cirrhosis can only be an indirect measure of the health consequences of alcohol consumption, since liver cirrhosis, as defined in ICD-10, can be caused by other factors besides alcohol, such as hepatitis B and C. The age-standardized death rate for road traffic accidents can only be considered as an indirect measure for alcohol-related mortalities, since road traffic accidents as defined in ICD-10 comprise many different causes besides alcohol consumption.


http://www.who.int/healthinfo/statistics/mortality



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Age-standardized death rates of alcohol-related conditions

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure Deaths per 100 000 population

Unit Multiplier


M&E Framework


Links Global Burden of Disease

Global Information System on Alcohol and Health (GISAH)

Comments


Periodic


Periodic

Limitations


Topic Risk factors


Method of estimation See Global Burden of Disease estimates for 2004.

Indicator name Age-standardized death rates of alcohol-related conditions

Name abbreviated ASDR




Rationale These are figures for all deaths in a specific condition; however, the following conditions are presented where causal impact of alcohol has been established: Alcohol use disorders, Breast cancer, Cerebrovascular disease, Colon and rectum cancers, Diabetes mellitus, Drownings, Falls, Fires, Ischaemic heart disease, Liver cancer, Liver cirrhosis, Mouth and oropharynx cancer, Oesophagus cancer, Poisoning, Prematurity and low birth rate, Road traffic accidents, Self-inflicted injury, Other unintentional injuries, Violence.

Definition Age-standardized death estimates for 2004 (all ages) per 100,000, by cause and Member State, from the Global Burden of Disease estimates. These are figures for all deaths in a specific condition; however, the conditions are presented where causal impact of alcohol has been established (see Rationale).

Associated terms

Indicator ID 2378

http://www.who.int/healthinfo/global_burden_disease/estimates_country



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Alcohol consumers, past 12 months

Age

Unit of Measure

Unit Multiplier

M&E Framework



Disaggregation Sex


Global Infobase



Periodic


Periodic

Limitations



Topic Risk factors



Indicator name Alcohol consumers, past 12 months

Name abbreviated Alcohol consumers




Rationale Aggregate measures such as APC only give population averages. In order to better understand alcohol consumption, we need to combine this information with other information on who drinks and in what pattern. The number of alcohol consumers in the past 12 months provides such information by separating out the drinking from the non-drinking population.

Definition Alcohol consumers in the past 12 months is defined as the proportion of adults (15+ years) in a given population who have consumed any alcohol during the past 12 months, assessed at a given point in time. The indicator is calculated with the help of the indicator "Abstainers (15+ years), past 12 months" by using 1-abstainers.

Associated terms

Indicator ID 2325




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Alcohol content displayed on containers

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic

Name abbreviated Alcohol content


Indicator name Alcohol content displayed on containers




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition This is to indicate whether there is a national legal requirement to display the alcohol content on the labels of alcohol containers.

Indicator ID 3789

http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.GISAH?showonly=GISAH


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Alcohol dependence (12-month prevalence)

Disaggregation Sex

Unit of Measure


Population weighted average of the countries in the region with valid alcohol dependence prevalence information.

Method of estimation Using the algorithms specified in the validated instruments, presence or absence of alcohol dependence can be determined. Data on the prevalence of people with alcohol dependence were modelled using regression models. Where available, the original survey data were used instead of the predicted estimates. The regression models used data collected through a systematic search of all survey data (from 2000 onward) and took into account per capita consumption, population structure, the size of Muslim population within the country, the region of the country, and the year from which the survey data were obtained.

M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments Preferred data sources: Surveys representative for the population in the respective country using validated instruments which had been shown comparable (CIDI, AUDADIS, SCAN). Additional health services reporting systems may provide complementary or confirmatory information regarding to the frequency and severity of alcohol dependence.

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Alcohol dependence


Indicator name Alcohol dependence (12-month prevalence)




Associated terms

Rationale Alcohol dependence is part of the indicators which provide information on direct health consequences attributable to alcohol consumption.

Definition Adults (15+ years) who are dependent on alcohol (according to ICD.10: F10.2 Alcohol dependence) during a given a calendar year, Numerator: Number of adults (18-65 years) with a diagnosis of F10.2 during a calendar year. Denominator: Midyear resident population (15+ years) over the same calendar year. UN World Population Prospects, medium variant.

Indicator ID 1389



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Alcohol expenditure as a per cent of total household expenditure

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure


Method of estimation As reported in data supplied by statistical departments and in published reports and articles.

M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments Data sources: Peer-reviewed articles; published reports from Health Departments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Alcohol expenditure as a per cent of total household expenditure


Indicator name Alcohol expenditure as a per cent of total household expenditure


Preferred data sources Administrative reporting system


Associated terms

Rationale

Definition The amount of money spent on the purchase of alcohol as a per cent of all money available for household expenses.

Indicator ID 2339



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Alcohol use disorders (12-month prevalence)

Disaggregation Sex

Unit of Measure


Population weighted average of the countries in the region with valid AUD prevalence information.

Method of estimation Data on the prevalence of people with Alcohol use disorders (including harmful use and alcohol dependence), were modelled using regression models. Where available, the original survey data on the previously-mentioned measures of interest were used instead of the predicted estimates. The regression models used data collected through a systematic search of all survey data on the previously-mentioned measures of interest (from 2000 onward) and took into account per capita consumption, population structure, the size of Muslim population within the country, the region of the country, and the year from which the survey data were obtained. Data on gross domestic product (adjusted for purchase power parity) were obtained from the World Bank (the World Bank 2013). The validity of the predicted estimates was assessed by comparing predicted estimates to the survey data. To make rates comparable across countries, they are statistically adjusted to one common population structure (the standard population). This indicator is also provided age-standardized to the WHO standard population to reflect a number per 100,000 population.

M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic


Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Alcohol use disorders


Indicator name Alcohol use disorders (12-month prevalence)




Associated terms

Rationale It is important to grasp the extent of the health consequences related to the consumption of alcohol in a population. Alcohol use disorders comprise an array of disorders attributable to alcohol and therefore reveal an important proportion of a population which suffers from the direct impact of alcohol.

Definition Adults (15+ years) who suffer from disorders attributable to the consumption of alcohol (according to ICD-10: F10.1 Harmful use of alcohol; F10.2 Alcohol dependence) during a given calendar year. Numerator: Number of adults (15+ years) with a diagnosis of F10.1, F10.2 during a calendar year. Denominator: Midyear resident population (15+ years) over the same calendar year. UN World Population Prospects, medium variant.

Indicator ID 1388


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Comments Preferred data sources: Surveys representative for the population in the respective country using validated instruments which had been shown comparable (CIDI, AUDADIS, SCAN). Additional health services reporting systems may provide complementary or confirmatory information regarding to the frequency and severity of alcohol use disorders.




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Alcohol-attributable fractions

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure


Method of estimation Population-attributable fractions are calculated based on the level of exposure to alcohol and the risk relations between consumption and different disease or injury categories. For each disease the exact proportion is different and will depend on the level and patterns of alcohol consumption, and on the relative risks.

M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated AAF


Indicator name Alcohol-attributable fractions




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition The alcohol-attributable fraction (AAF) denotes the proportion of a health outcome which is caused by alcohol (i.e. that proportion which would disappear if alcohol consumption was removed). Alcohol consumption has a causal impact on more than 200 health conditions (diseases and injuries).

Indicator ID 2332



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Alcohol-attributable Years of life lost (YLL) score

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure


Method of estimation The YLL score is based on alcohol-attributable YLL as a percentage of all YLLs, approximate quintiles. This accounts for the size of the country as well as for overall life expectancy, which is determined mostly by wealth.

M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated YLL score


Indicator name Alcohol-attributable Years of life lost (YLL) score




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition A score from 1 to 5 was calculated, based on the percent of YLL that can be attributable to alcohol, where 1 was the lowest percentage and 5 was the highest percentage.

Indicator ID 2376



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Alcoholic beverage legally defined

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Definition of alcoholic beverage


Indicator name Alcoholic beverage legally defined




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition A beverage over a certain % of alcohol by volume is defined as an alcoholic beverage.

Indicator ID 2340



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Alcoholic beverage tax revenue as a per cent of government revenue

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure


Method of estimation As reported in peer-reviewed articles.

M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments Data source: Peer-reviewed articles

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Alcoholic beverage tax revenue as a per cent of government revenue


Indicator name Alcoholic beverage tax revenue as a per cent of government revenue




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition Revenue from the tax on the sale of alcoholic beverages as a per cent of total government revenues.

Indicator ID 2338



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Alcoholic psychosis

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure


Method of estimation The number of new cases of alcoholic psychosis identified in a defined period, divided by the total population. The rate is per 100,000 population.

M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments Additional data sources: http://www.euro.who.int/en/what-we-do/data-and-evidence/databases/european-health-for-all-database-hfa-db2; expert opinion

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Alcoholic psychosis


Indicator name Alcoholic psychosis




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition The incidence (number of new cases) of alcoholic psychosis identified in a given year.

Indicator ID 2328



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Alcohol-related disease mortality

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure


Method of estimation The number of persons (15+ years) who died as a result of any alcohol-related condition divided by the total population (15+ years). The rate is per 100,000 population.

M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments Data source: Journal article: Rehm J et al. Alcohol per capita consumption, patterns of drinking and abstention worldwide after 1995. Appendix 2. European Addiction Research, 2001, 7: 155-157.

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Alcohol-related disease mortality


Indicator name Alcohol-related disease mortality


Preferred data sources Special studies


Associated terms

Rationale

Definition The number of persons (15+ years) who died as a result of any alcohol-related condition.

Indicator ID 2337



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Annual revenues from alcohol excise tax

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure


Method of estimation The national authorities of a given country respond to the WHO Global Survey on Alcohol and Health. Data are converted to US dollars as of July 1 of the stated year. Data are in millions USD.

M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments Additional data source: Peer-reviewed articles

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Annual revenues from alcohol excise tax


Indicator name Annual revenues from alcohol excise tax




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition Annual revenues (in millions USD) received by the government resulting from the excise tax on alcoholic beverages.

Indicator ID 2316



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Average daily intake in grams of alcohol among drinkers

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure


Method of estimation Given the specific weight of alcohol of 0.793 g/cm3 (at 20 °C), per capita consumption in litres of pure ethanol per year can be converted into grams per day as follows: g/day = APC x 1000 x 0.793/365 days

M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier

Links

Comments

Limitations



Contact Person NMH/MSD/MBD ([email protected])


Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Grams of pure alcohol per day


Indicator name Average daily intake in grams of alcohol among drinkers




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition Grams of pure alcohol per day is a measure of alcohol consumption.

Indicator ID 4403


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Awareness activities on alcohol

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Awareness activities on alcohol


Indicator name Awareness activities on alcohol




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition Awareness raising activities on alcohol pertain to: alcohol's impact on health, alcohol at work, drink driving, illegal/surrogate alcohol, indigenous peoples, pregnancy and alcohol, social harms, young people's drinking.

Indicator ID 2355



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Ban of alcohol use

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Ban


Indicator name Ban of alcohol use




Associated terms


Definition Total ban of alcohol is defined as the governmental prohibition of production, transportation, sales and consumption of alcohol.

Indicator ID 1395



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Blood alcohol concentration (BAC) limit when driving a vehicle

Disaggregation By road user type

Unit of Measure Concentration



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated BAC limit


Indicator name Blood alcohol concentration (BAC) limit when driving a vehicle




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition BAC is defined as the legal maximum blood alcohol concentration of alcohol (measured as mass per volume) allowed while driving a vehicle, in a country. The BAC limits for the general population, young/novice drivers, and professional/commercial drivers respectively are indicated.

Indicator ID 1407



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Cautions and arrests for drink-driving

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure


Method of estimation The number of licensed drivers who are cautioned or arrested for drinking over the legal BAC limit as defined by the country, in a given calendar year, divided by the total population of licensed drivers. The rate is per 100,000 licensed drivers (15 years and older).

M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments Data sources: National Research Institutes

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Cautions and arrests


Indicator name Cautions and arrests for drink-driving




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition The number of licensed drivers 15 years and older who are cautioned or arrested for drinking over the legal BAC limit as defined by the country, in a given calendar year.

Indicator ID 2329



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Cautions and arrests for public drunkenness

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure


Method of estimation The number of persons who are cautioned or arrested for public drunkenness as defined by the country, in a given calendar year, divided by the total population.

M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments Data sources: National Research Institutes

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Public drunkenness


Indicator name Cautions and arrests for public drunkenness




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition The number of persons who are cautioned or arrested for public drunkenness as defined by the country, in a given calendar year.

Indicator ID 2321



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Central coordinating entity for alcohol policy implementation

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Central coordinating entity


Indicator name Central coordinating entity for alcohol policy implementation




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition This is to indicate whether a given country has a central coordinating entity for the implementation of the national policy on alcohol. A central coordinating entity oversees the implementation of each specific area covered by the national alcohol policy.

Indicator ID 2312



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Clinical guidelines for brief interventions

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier

Links Global Information System on Alcohol and Health

Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Brief interventions


Indicator name Clinical guidelines for brief interventions




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition This is to indicate whether there are clinical guidelines for brief interventions that have been approved or endorsed by at least one health care professional body.

Indicator ID 4454



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Clinical guidelines for brief interventions on alcohol

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Brief interventions


Indicator name Clinical guidelines for brief interventions on alcohol




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition This is to indicate whether there are clinical guidelines for brief interventions on alcohol that have been approved or endorsed by at least on health care professional body.

Indicator ID 2371



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Community-based interventions on alcohol involving stakeholders

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Community-based interventions


Indicator name Community-based interventions on alcohol involving stakeholders




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition Any community-based interventions/projects on alcohol involving stakeholders (non-governmental organizations, economic operators, local government bodies, others).

Indicator ID 3778



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Comprehensive and regular reporting of alcohol situation

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Reporting of situation


Indicator name Comprehensive and regular reporting of alcohol situation




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition This is to indicate whether there is a comprehensive report on the alcohol situation drawn up and published regularly at national level in the country.

Indicator ID 4453



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Consumer information about calories, additives, etc on alcohol containers

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic

Name abbreviated Consumer information


Indicator name Consumer information about calories, additives, etc on alcohol containers




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition This is to indicate whether there is a national legal requirement to display consumer information about calories, additives, vitamins, micro elements on the labels of alcohol containers.

Indicator ID 3787



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Data collected on harm from alcohol at workplace

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure EUR



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Harm from alcohol at workplace


Indicator name Data collected on harm from alcohol at workplace




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition This is to indicate whether there are statistics on alcohol related workplace accidents.

Indicator ID 2319



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Data collection on Foetal Alcohol Syndome

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Data on Foetal Alcohol Syndome


Indicator name Data collection on Foetal Alcohol Syndome




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition This is to indicate whether there are data collected on the incidence of foetal alcohol syndrome (ICD-10 code Q86.0) among newborn children within a year, at national level based on registry data.

Indicator ID 2364



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Designation of alcohol tax revenues to health services

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Designation of alcohol tax revenues to health services


Indicator name Designation of alcohol tax revenues to health services




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition Designation of alcohol tax revenues to health services.

Indicator ID 2363



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Detection of marketing infringements on alcohol

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic

Name abbreviated Marketing infringements


Indicator name Detection of marketing infringements on alcohol




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition Infringements on marketing restrictions on alcohol can be detected by active surveillance by government, NGO, independent body; complaint system; case by case reporting, or other.

Indicator ID 3782



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Duty paid or excise stamp on alcohol container

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Duty paid or excise stamp on alcohol container


Indicator name Duty paid or excise stamp on alcohol container




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition Excise stamps on alcohol containers are used by national customs to signify that the excise tax has been paid.

Indicator ID 2349



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Estimate of five-year change in recorded alcohol per capita (15+ years) consumption of pure alcohol

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure


The method described above is applied to the weighted regional or global averages constructed as described.

Method of estimation The following description refers to the change between 2006 and 2010:Recorded APC data for each country (see above) was used to compute three-year moving averages (MA) for each year beginning in 2005. For example,2006 = average 2005ï2007; 2007 = average 2006ï2008; 2008 = average2007ï2009; 2009 = average 2008ï2010; 2010= average 2009ï2010. Usingmoving averages for comparison shows a stronger or more robust relationshipover time by minimizing non-significant variations in the values from year toyear.Comparing the MA for 2010 to the MA for 2006, the five-year change wasclassed as:Increase, if MA 2010 > 1.10* of the MA for 2006, and there are no changes intrend of more than -10% for any year in between, and if recorded consumptionis Ó1 litre of pure alcohol.Decrease, if MA 2010 < 0.90 * of the MA for 2006, and there are no changes intrend of more than +10% for any year in between, and if recorded consumptionis Ó1 litre of pure alcohol.Stable, if (MA 2010 Ó0.90 of MA 2006) and (MA 2010 Ò1.10 of MA 2006), andMA 2007, 2008, 2009 are within this range as well and if recorded consumptionis Ó1 litre of pure alcohol.Inconclusive, if there are changes in trend of more than Ñ 10% (i.e., upwardtrend but one year more than 10% down, or downward trend but one yearmore than 10% up) for any of the years in between or if recorded consumptionis <1 litre of pure alcohol.

M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Five-year change in APC

Method of measurement See measurement method of recorded APC

Indicator name Estimate of five-year change in recorded alcohol per capita (15+ years) consumption of pure alcohol




Associated terms

Rationale It is necessary to monitor the change in recorded adult per capita consumption in order to appreciate possible variations in the level and pattern of alcohol consumption within a population. This is also a way of monitoring whether policies in place influence alcohol consumption.

Definition The estimate of five-year change in APC is defined as the change, over five consecutive calendar years, of the consumption of pure alcohol per capita (15+ years) per calendar year in a country. The change is categorized as increase, decrease, stable or inconclusive. See also definition of recorded APC.

Indicator ID 463


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Comments This indicator is limited in its informative value on consumption trends if unrecorded consumption changes considerably during the period of observation.



Periodic


Periodic

Limitations



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Excise duty on alcoholic beverages per hectolitre


Unit of Measure EUR


Method of estimation Data provided in government reports, in Euros.

M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Excise duty per hectolitre


Indicator name Excise duty on alcoholic beverages per hectolitre




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition The average alcohol excise duty tax per hectolitre of beer, wine, and spirits, in Euros.

Indicator ID 2318



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Excise tax as a per cent of the retail price of alcoholic beverages


Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Excise tax as a per cent of the retail price


Indicator name Excise tax as a per cent of the retail price of alcoholic beverages




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition The alcohol excise tax is indicated as a per cent of the retail price of beer, wine, and spirits, respectively.

Indicator ID 2347



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Excise tax as a per cent of the total retail price for 1 litre of pure alcohol

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure


Method of estimation Data on excise tax and on retail price provided in the WHO Global Survey on Alcohol and Health were used to compute the per cent per 1 litre of pure alcohol.

M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Excise tax as % of total retail price for 1 litre of pure alcohol


Indicator name Excise tax as a per cent of the total retail price for 1 litre of pure alcohol




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition The alcohol excise tax is expressed as a per cent of the total retail price for 1 litre of pure alcohol.

Indicator ID 2348



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Excise tax on alcoholic beverages


Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Excise tax


Indicator name Excise tax on alcoholic beverages




Associated terms


Definition Excise tax for alcoholic beverages is defined as a special tax charged on alcohol.

Indicator ID 1399



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Former drinkers

Age

Unit of Measure

Unit Multiplier

M&E Framework



Disaggregation Sex


Global Infobase



Every 3-5 years


Every 3-5 years

Limitations



Topic Risk factors



Indicator name Former drinkers

Name abbreviated Former drinkers



Method of measurement A representative sample of the adult population (15+ years) of the country is asked to answer questions in a survey. The first priority in the decision tree is given to international surveys (in this order of preference: WHS, STEPS, GENACIS); second is national surveys.

Rationale Aggregate measures such as APC only give population averages. In order to better understand alcohol consumption, we need to combine this information with other information on who drinks and in what pattern. Information about former drinkers provides a useful distinction between drinkers and abstainers, but also helps differentiate those who never consumed alcohol from those who did but decided to stop. This is of public health relevance as people often stop drinking for medical reasons.

Definition Former drinkers is defined as the proportion of adults (15+ years) in a given population who did not consume alcohol in the last 12 months, but who did previously do that, assessed at any given point in time. Numerator: The number of former drinkers (15+ years) Denominator: The total number of participants (15+ years) responding to the corresponding question in a given survey. Weighted by survey design.

Associated terms

Indicator ID 457




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Framework of national alcohol policy

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Framework


Indicator name Framework of national alcohol policy




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition This is to specify in which framework the national policy is presented. The national policy can be a specific alcohol policy, can be integrated into a substance abuse policy, integrated into a mental health policy, integrated into a noncommunicable diseases policy, integrated into a general public health policy, or other.

Indicator ID 2313



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Government support for community action on alcohol

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Community action


Indicator name Government support for community action on alcohol




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition This is to indicate in which ways the national government supports community action on alcohol (earmarked funds for community action, provision of technical tools tailored to communities, training programmes, community programmes and policies for subgroups at particular risk).

Indicator ID 2358



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Harmful use of alcohol (12-month prevalence)

Disaggregation Sex

Unit of Measure


Population weighted average of the countries in the region with valid harmful use of alcohol prevalence information.

Method of estimation Using the algorithms specified in the validated instruments, presence of absence of harmful use of alcohol can be determined. Data on the prevalence of people with harmful use of alcohol were modelled using regression models. Where available, the original survey data were used instead of the predicted estimates. The regression models used data collected through a systematic search of all survey data (from 2000 onward) and took into account per capita consumption, population structure, the size of Muslim population within the country, the region of the country, and the year from which the survey data were obtained.

M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments Preferred data sources: Surveys representative for the population in the respective country using validated instruments which had been shown comparable (CIDI, AUDADIS, SCAN). Additional health services reporting systems may provide complementary or confirmatory information regarding to the frequency and severity of harmful use of alcohol.

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic

Contact Person NMH/MSD/MBD ([email protected])


Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Harmful use


Indicator name Harmful use of alcohol (12-month prevalence)




Associated terms

Rationale Harmful use of alcohol is part of the indicators which provide information on direct health consequences attributable to alcohol consumption.

Definition Adults (15+ years) with harmful use of alcohol (according to ICD-10: F10.1 Harmful use of alcohol) during a given calendar year. Numerator: Number of adults (15+ years) with a diagnosis fo F10.1 during a caleandar year. Denominator: Midyear resident population (15+ years) over the same calendar year. UN World Population Prospects, medium variant.

Indicator ID 4404



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Health warning labels on alcohol advertising

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Health warning labels on alcohol advertising


Indicator name Health warning labels on alcohol advertising




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition Health warning labels provide information of the dangers associated with use of the product.

Indicator ID 2353



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Health warning labels on alcohol containers

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Health warning labels on alcohol containers


Indicator name Health warning labels on alcohol containers




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition Health warning labels provide information to the buyer of the dangers associated with use of the product.

Indicator ID 2354



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Heavy episodic drinking

Age

Unit of Measure

Unit Multiplier

M&E Framework


Survey estimates weighted by population size of countries.

Disaggregation Sex


Global Infobase

Comments Preferred data sources: Internationally comparative, nationally representative population-based surveys.


Every 3-5 years


Every 3-5 years

Limitations Different data sources depending on surveys conducted in different countries.


Topic Risk factors


Method of estimation Weighted percentages of survey respondents, where abstainers were coded as having 0 occasions.

Indicator name Heavy episodic drinking

Name abbreviated HED



Method of measurement A representative sample of the adult population (15+ years) of the country is asked to answer questions in a survey. The first priority in the decision tree is given to internationally comparative, nationally representative surveys (in this order of preference: WHS, STEPS, GENACIS, and ECAS); second is national surveys.

Rationale Heavy episodic drinking is part of the key indicators which provide information regarding the patterns of alcohol consumption in a given country. More specifically, it identifies the proportion of the population which consumes high levels of alcohol at single occasions, and consequently highlights the population which particularly has a higher risk of experiencing alcohol-related acute harm but also developing chronic health complications.

Definition Heavy episodic drinking is defined as the proportion of adults (15+ years) who have had at least 60 grams or more of pure alcohol on at least one occasion in the past 30 days. A consumption of 60 grams of pure alcohol corresponds approximately to 6 standard alcoholic drinks. Numerator: The (appropriately weighted) number of respondents (15+ years) who reported drinking 60 grams or more of pure alcohol on at least one occasion in the past 30 days. Denominator: The total number of participants (15+ years) responding to the corresponding question(s) in the survey plus abstainers.

Associated terms

Indicator ID 459




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Page 59 / 122 Printed 10/14/2014 9:54:58 AM

Heavy episodic drinking (drinkers only)

Age

Unit of Measure

Unit Multiplier

M&E Framework


Survey estimates weighted by population size of drinkers in corresponding countries.

Disaggregation Sex


Global Infobase

Comments Preferred data sources: Internationally comparative, nationally representative population-based surveys.


Every 3-5 years


Every 3-5 years

Limitations Changing data sources depending on surveys conducted in different countries.



Topic Risk factors


Method of estimation Weighted percentages of survey respondents, who reported having consumed an alcoholic drink within the past 12 months.

Indicator name Heavy episodic drinking (drinkers only)

Name abbreviated HED drinkers only



Method of measurement See heavy episodic drinking

Rationale This indicator provides information on the patterns of alcohol consumption among the drinking population of a given country. It is helpful in understanding whether those who actually drink alcohol consume high or low levels of alcohol. This has direct implications for the drinking population's health outcome.

Definition Heavy episodic drinking (drinkers only) is defined as the proportion of adult drinkers (15+ years) who have had at least 60 grams or more of pure alcohol on at least one occasion in the past 30 days. A consumption of 60 grams of pure alcohol corresponds approximately to 6 standard alcoholic drinks. Numerator: The appropriately weighted number of drinkers (15+ years) who reported drinking at least 60 grams or more of pure alcohol on at least one occasion in the past 30 days. Denominator: The total number of respondents (15+ years, appropriately weighted) to the corresponding survey question(s) who reported having consumed an alcoholic standard drink (10 grams) within the past 12 months on the same survey (or 1-abstainers).

Associated terms

Indicator ID 458




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Hospital discharges, alcoholic liver disease

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure


Method of estimation The number of persons, who were diagnosed with alcoholic liver disease, who were treated in hospital and were released per calendar year divided by the total population. The rate is per 100,000 population.

M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments Data sources: OECD: www.ecosante.org; peer-reviewed articles

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Hospital discharges, alcoholic liver disease


Indicator name Hospital discharges, alcoholic liver disease




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition The number of persons, who were diagnosed with alcoholic liver disease, who were treated in hospital and were released per calendar year.

Indicator ID 2331



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Hospital discharges, alcohol-related injuries and poisoning

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure


Method of estimation The number of persons diagnosed with alcohol-related injuries and poisoning who were treated in hospital and discharged within a calendar year, divided by the total population. The rate is per 100,000 population.

M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments Data sources: European Health for All Database: http://www.euro.who.int/en/what-we-do/data-and-evidence/databases/european-health-for-all-database-hfa-db2

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Hospital discharges, injuries, poisoning


Indicator name Hospital discharges, alcohol-related injuries and poisoning




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition The number of persons diagnosed with alcohol-related injuries and poisoning who were treated in hospital and discharged within a calendar year.

Indicator ID 2330



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Illegal alcoholic beverages legislation

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated National legislation to prevent illegal alcohol


Indicator name Illegal alcoholic beverages legislation




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition National legislation to prevent illegal production and/or sale of home- or informally produced alcoholic beverages exists.

Indicator ID 2341



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Legal obligation for schools to include alcohol use prevention

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Legal obligation for schools for prevention


Indicator name Legal obligation for schools to include alcohol use prevention




Associated terms


Definition This is to indicate whether there is a legal obligation for schools to carry out alcohol (or broader alcohol and other substance use) prevention as part of the school curriculum or as part of school health policies.

Indicator ID 4450



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Legal obligation for schools to interact with parents regarding education and well-being

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Legal obligation for schools for interaction with parents


Indicator name Legal obligation for schools to interact with parents regarding education and well-being




Associated terms


Definition This is to indicate whether there is a legal obligation for schools to interact with parents regarding the education and wellbeing of students.

Indicator ID 4451



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Legal obligation for schools to interact with parents regarding education and well-being including on alcohol-related harm

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Legal obligation for schools to interact with parents


Indicator name Legal obligation for schools to interact with parents regarding education and well-being including on alcohol-related harm




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition This is to indicate whther there is a legal obligation for schools to interact with parents regarding the education and wellbeing of students, including on alcohol-related harm.

Indicator ID 2372



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Legislation on alcohol testing at workplaces

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic

Name abbreviated Legislation on testing at workplaces


Indicator name Legislation on alcohol testing at workplaces




Associated terms


Definition This is to indicate whether there is legislation on alcohol testing at workplaces.

Indicator ID 4452



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Level of adoption of national alcohol policy

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Level of adoption


Indicator name Level of adoption of national alcohol policy




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition This is to indicate the level of adoption of the national policy on alcohol which can be formally adopted by the National Parliament, National Government, or another national body.

Indicator ID 2315



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Level of taxation for alcoholic beverages adjusted for inflation

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic

Name abbreviated Adjustment for inflation


Indicator name Level of taxation for alcoholic beverages adjusted for inflation




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition This is to indicate whether the level of taxation (excise tax or special tax on alcohol other than excise tax) for alcoholic beverages is adjusted for inflation in a given country.

Indicator ID 3785



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Licensing for production and sale of alcoholic beverages


Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic

Contact Person NHM/MSD/MSB ([email protected])


Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Licensing


Indicator name Licensing for production and sale of alcoholic beverages




Associated terms


Definition Licensing is defined as the partial government control of production and sale of alcoholic beverages which requires licensing.

Indicator ID 1398



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Measures for enhancing compliance with age limits for alcoholic beverages

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Compliance with age limits


Indicator name Measures for enhancing compliance with age limits for alcoholic beverages




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition Rating (based on expert opinion) of measures in terms of their respective importance for enhancing compliance with the age limits in a given country (server training on a voluntary basis, server training as requirement of licensing system, enforcement by the police or other authorities, monitoring through test purchasing, awareness campaigns directed at servers/sellers, awareness campaigns directed at young people).

Indicator ID 2346



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Minimum legal drinking age

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments Additional data source: Peer-reviewed articles

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Minimum legal drinking age


Indicator name Minimum legal drinking age




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition National minimum legal drinking age is the minimum age you need to be allowed to drink alcohol under law.

Indicator ID 2343



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Monopoly on production and sale of alcoholic beverages


Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Monopoly


Indicator name Monopoly on production and sale of alcoholic beverages




Associated terms


Definition Monopoly is defined as the government monopoly (full control) of production and sale of alcoholic beverages.

Indicator ID 1397



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National alcohol policy specifically involves young people activities

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic

Name abbreviated Young people activities


Indicator name National alcohol policy specifically involves young people activities




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition National alcohol policy (or action plan) includes steps to specifically involve young people in activities to reduce or prevent alcohol-related harm.

Indicator ID 3780



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National guidelines for alcohol problem prevention and counselling at workplaces

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated National guidelines for workplaces


Indicator name National guidelines for alcohol problem prevention and counselling at workplaces




Associated terms


Definition This is to indicate whether there are national guidelines for alcohol problem prevention and counselling at workplaces.

Indicator ID 4448



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National guidelines for implementing effective community-based interventions to reduce alcohol-related harm

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic

Name abbreviated Implementation of community-based interventions


Indicator name National guidelines for implementing effective community-based interventions to reduce alcohol-related harm




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition National guidelines for implementing effective community-based interventions to reduce alcohol-related harm.

Indicator ID 3779



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National guidelines for the prevention and reduction of alcohol-related harm in schools

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated National guidelines for schools


Indicator name National guidelines for the prevention and reduction of alcohol-related harm in schools




Associated terms


Definition This is to indicate whether there are national guidelines for the prevention and reduction of alcohol-related harm in schools.

Indicator ID 4447



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National surveys on adult alcohol consumption

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier

Links

Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic

Name abbreviated National surveys on adults


Indicator name National surveys on adult alcohol consumption




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition This is to indicate whether there have been adult national surveys on alcohol consumption since 2000.

Indicator ID 4456


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National surveys on heavy espisodic drinking

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Surveys on HED


Indicator name National surveys on heavy espisodic drinking




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition This is to indicate whether there have been national surveys on the rates of heavy episodic drinking (binge drinking).

Indicator ID 2366



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National surveys on youth alcohol consumption

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated National surveys on youth


Indicator name National surveys on youth alcohol consumption




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition This is to indicate whether there have been youth national surveys on alcohol consumption since 2000

Indicator ID 4457



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National sytems for monitoring alcohol consumption and harms

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated National systems for monitoring


Indicator name National sytems for monitoring alcohol consumption and harms




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition This is to indicate whether there is a national system for monitoring alcohol-related harm. Answer categories include: alcohol consumption, health consequences, social consequences, and alcohol policy responses.

Indicator ID 2369



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New types of alcoholic beverages emerging

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic

Name abbreviated New types of alcoholic beverages


Indicator name New types of alcoholic beverages emerging




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition This is to indicate whether there are new types of alcoholic beverages or products emerging in a given country, e.g. spirits-based mixtures / alcopops, alcopops based on fermented alcohol, wine coolers / wine-based mixtures, flavoured / designer beers or ciders, alcoholic energy drinks, other high-caffeinated alcoholic drinks, alcoholic gels or powders, or other alcoholic drinks or products.

Indicator ID 3786



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Number of standard alcoholic drinks displayed on containers

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic

Name abbreviated Number of standard alcoholic drinks


Indicator name Number of standard alcoholic drinks displayed on containers




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition This is to indicate whether there is a national legal requirement to display the number of standard alcoholic drinks in the container on the labels of alcohol containers.

Indicator ID 3788



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Patterns of drinking score

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure

M&E Framework


Population weighted averages of countries with patterns scores

Data Type Representation Score

Topic Risk factors


Method of estimation The indicator for patterns of drinking had been developed with optimal scaling methods based on surveys in countries. The exact procedure is described in: Rehm, J., Rehn, N., Room, R., Monteiro, M., Gmel, G., Jernigan, D. & Frick, U. (2003). The global distribution of average volume of alcohol consumption and patterns of drinking. European Addiction Research, 9(4), 147-156. For countries without or with insufficient survey information, key informant information was used. The following main areas of patterns of drinking were included into the indicator "pattern score", as they all could be described as having one underlying dimension: different aspects of heavy drinking occasions, drinking with meals, and drinking in public places. To simplify the "pattern score" (named "patterns of drinking score" in the database), which ranged from 0 to 17 points, into robust general categories, the countries were classified into four categories and assigned values from 1 (least risky drinking pattern) to 4 (most risky drinking pattern). A "pattern score" of 1 was assigned to 0-3 points, 2 = 4-6 points, 3 = 7-9 points, and 4 = 10-17 points. The higher the "pattern score", the greater the alcohol-attributable burden of disease. An additional score of 5 was allocated to indicate countries, where more than 2/3 of the alcohol is consumed in heavy drinking occasions.

Indicator name Patterns of drinking score

Name abbreviated Patterns of drinking score



Method of measurement The original (1-4) indicator for patterns of drinking had been developed with optimal scaling methods based on surveys. An additional score of 5 was allocated to indicate countries, where more than 2/3 of the alcohol is consumed in heavy drinking occasions. For countries without or with insufficient survey information, key informant information is used.

Rationale Frequency, quantity and circumstances are important aspects of alcohol consumption to monitor as these patterns of drinking have been linked to mortality and burden of disease. Patterns of drinking are summarized in the patterns of drinking score.

Definition The patterns of drinking score reflects the alcohol-attributable burden of disease of a country, given the same level of alcohol consumption, on a scale of 1 (least risky drinking pattern) to 5 (most risky drinking pattern) [2 (somewhat risky), 3 (medium risky), 4 (very risky)]. The higher the score, the higher the alcohol-attributable burden of disease for the country. It is based on three different dimensions: four different aspects of heavy drinking occasions (i.e. high usual quantity of alcohol per occasion, festive drinking common at fiestas or community celebrations, proportion of drinking when drinkers get drunk, and proportions of drinker who drink daily or nearly daily), drinking with meals, and drinking in public places.

Associated terms

Indicator ID 461


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Global Infobase



Comments Preferred data sources: Population-based surveys; Key informant surveys


Periodic

Unit Multiplier

Limitations


Periodic




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Penalties for drink driving

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic

Name abbreviated Penalties for drink driving


Indicator name Penalties for drink driving




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition Penalties for drink driving include community service, short- or long-term detention, fines, ignition interlocks (alcolocks), suspension of license or revoked, mandatory treatment, penalty points, vehicle impounded,

Indicator ID 3781



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Penalties for marketing infringements on alcohol

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic

Name abbreviated Penalties for marketing infringements


Indicator name Penalties for marketing infringements on alcohol




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition This is to indicate whether there are any penalties for infringements on marketing restrictions on alcohol in a given country.

Indicator ID 3783



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Persons with alcohol use disorders receiving treatment

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Persons with alcohol use disorders receiving treatment


Indicator name Persons with alcohol use disorders receiving treatment




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition Per cent of persons with alcohol use disorders receiving treatment.

Indicator ID 2370



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Price measures on alcoholic beverages other than taxation

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic

Name abbreviated Price measures


Indicator name Price measures on alcoholic beverages other than taxation




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition This is to indicate whether there are any price measures other than taxation in a given country. Price measures other than taxation means e.g. by regulation of the price of non-alcoholic and alcoholic beverages, such as having a non-alcoholic beverage cheaper than an alcoholic beverage. Price measures other than taxation include minimum price policy, requirement to offer non-alcoholic beverages at a lower price, ban on below-cost selling, or ban on volume discounts.

Indicator ID 3784



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Price of alcoholic beverages

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure USD


Method of estimation As reported by the national authorities of a given country who respond to the WHO Global Survey on Alcohol and Health. The price of 500 mls / 750 mls of the alcoholic beverage is converted to USD as of July 1 of the year stated.

M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Price


Indicator name Price of alcoholic beverages




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition Best estimate of the average price (in USD) one would pay respectively for 500 mls premium beer, 500 mls discount beer, 750 mls table wine, 750 mls imported spirits, and 750 mls locally produced spirits.

Indicator ID 2317



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Random breath testing (RBT) use and sobriety checkpoints

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated RBT and sobriety checkpoints


Indicator name Random breath testing (RBT) use and sobriety checkpoints




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition Random breath testing (RBT) is defined as a test given by the police to drivers chosen by chance to measure the amount of alcohol the drivers have. It means that any driver can be stopped by the police at any time to test the breath for alcohol consumption. Sobriety checkpoints means checkpoints or roadblocks established by the police on public roadways to control for drink driving.

Indicator ID 2344



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Recorded alcohol per capita (15+ years) consumption of pure alcohol

Method of estimation Recorded alcohol per capita (15+) consumption of pure alcohol is calculated as the sum of beverage-specific alcohol consumption of pure alcohol (beer, wine, spirits, other) from different sources. The first priority in the decision tree is given to government statistics; second are country-specific alcohol industry statistics in the public domain (Canadean, IWSR-International Wine and Spirit Research, OIV-International Organisation of Vine and Wine, Wine Institute, historically World Drink Trends); and third is the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations' statistical database (FAOSTAT). In order to make the conversion into litres of pure alcohol, the alcohol content (% alcohol by volume) is considered to be as follows: Beer (barley beer 5%), Wine (grape wine 12%; must of grape 9%, vermouth 16%), Spirits (distilled spirits 40%; spirit-like 30%), and Other (sorghum, millet, maize beers 5%; cider 5%; fortified wine 17% and 18%; fermented wheat and fermented rice 9%; other fermented beverages 9%). Since different data sources may use different conversion factors to estimate alcohol content, the beverage-specific recorded APC may not equal the total provided, in some cases.


Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Recorded APC

Method of measurement Recorded alcohol per capita (15+) consumption of pure alcohol is calculated as the sum of beverage-specific alcohol consumption of pure alcohol (beer, wine, spirits, other) from different sources. The first priority in the decision tree is given to government statistics; second are country-specific alcohol industry statistics in the public domain (Canadean, IWSR-International Wine and Spirit Research, OIV-International Organisation of Vine and Wine, Wine Institute, historically World Drink Trends); and third is the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations' statistical database (FAOSTAT). For countries, where the data source is FAOSTAT the unrecorded consumption may be included in the recorded consumption. As from the introduction of the "Other" beverage-specific category, beer includes malt beers, wine includes wine made from grapes, spirits include all distilled beverages, and other includes one or several other alcoholic beverages, such as fermented beverages made from sorghum, maize, millet, rice, or cider, fruit wine, fortified wine, etc. Also, there has been a change in the data source for some countries in the early 2000's. Updates for this indicator are made on an ongoing basis as data become available.

Indicator name Recorded alcohol per capita (15+ years) consumption of pure alcohol




Associated terms

Rationale The recorded APC is part of a core set of indicators, whose purpose is to monitor the magnitude, pattern and trends of alcohol consumption in the adult population.

Definition Recorded APC is defined as the recorded amount of alcohol consumed per capita (15+ years) over a calendar year in a country, in litres of pure alcohol. The indicator only takes into account the consumption which is recorded from production, import, export, and sales data often via taxation. Numerator: The amount of recorded alcohol consumed per capita (15+ years) during a calendar year, in litres of pure alcohol. Denominator: Midyear resident population (15+ years) for the same calendar year, UN World Population Prospects, medium variant.

Indicator ID 462


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Limitations Factors, such as stockpiling, waste and spillage, as well as cross-border shopping (recorded in different jurisdiction), tax free alcohol, surrogate alcohol and variations in beverage strength, cannot be accounted for. This may influence the accuracy of recorded consumption as an indicator for alcohol consumed. Also, administrative data does not enable the disaggregation of recorded adult per capita by gender - to this end, other data sources such as survey data are needed.


Annual



Comments


Annual


Alcohol per capita (15+) consumption data exist for almost all countries. Regional and global estimates are calculated as a population weighted average of country data.

M&E Framework


Unit Multiplier

Unit of Measure Litres of pure alcohol per person per year



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Regular reports from national monitoring systems on alcohol

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Regular reports


Indicator name Regular reports from national monitoring systems on alcohol




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition This is to indicate whether there are regular reports available from national monitoring systems on alcohol.

Indicator ID 2362



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Restrictions for off-premise sales of alcoholic beverages at petrol stations


Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Restrictions for sales at petrol stations


Indicator name Restrictions for off-premise sales of alcoholic beverages at petrol stations




Associated terms


Definition Restrictions for sales of alcoholic beverages at petrol stations are defined as regulated limitations on off-premise sales of alcoholic beverages at petrol stations, in a country.

Indicator ID 1406



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Restrictions for on-/off-premise sales of alcoholic beverages during specific events


Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Restrictions for sales during specific events


Indicator name Restrictions for on-/off-premise sales of alcoholic beverages during specific events




Associated terms


Definition Restrictions for on-/off-premise sales of alcoholic beverages during specific events are defined as regulated limitations of sales of alcoholic beverages, both on- and off-premises, during specific events (e.g. football games), in a country.

Indicator ID 1404



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Restrictions for on-/off-premise sales of alcoholic beverages on locations


Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Restrictions for sales: Locations


Indicator name Restrictions for on-/off-premise sales of alcoholic beverages on locations




Associated terms


Definition Restrictions for on-/off-premise sales of alcoholic beverages on locations are defined as regulated limitations on the location (places and density) of sales of alcoholic beverages, both on-and off-premises, in a country.

Indicator ID 1403



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Restrictions for on-/off-premise sales of alcoholic beverages on times


Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Restrictions for sales: Times


Indicator name Restrictions for on-/off-premise sales of alcoholic beverages on times




Associated terms


Definition Restrictions for on-/off-premise sales of alcoholic beverages on times are defined as regulated limitations on the time (hours and days) of sales of alcoholic beverages, both on-and off-premises, in a country.

Indicator ID 1402



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Restrictions for on-premise sales of alcoholic beverages to intoxicated persons


Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Restrictions for sales to intoxicated persons


Indicator name Restrictions for on-premise sales of alcoholic beverages to intoxicated persons




Associated terms


Definition Restrictions for sales of alcoholic beverages to intoxicated persons is defined as regulated limitations on on-premise sales of alcoholic beverages to intoxicated persons, in a country.

Indicator ID 1405



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Restrictions on alcohol advertising


Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Restrictions on advertising


Indicator name Restrictions on alcohol advertising




Associated terms


Definition Restrictions on alcohol advertising are defined as legally binding restrictions enforced by law on alcohol advertising in a country (the promotion of alcoholic beverages by alcohol producers through a variety of media): national television, cable television, national radio, local radio, print media, cinemas, billboards, point-of-sale, internet, social media.

Indicator ID 1408



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Restrictions on alcohol industry sponsorship


Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Restrictions on sponsorship


Indicator name Restrictions on alcohol industry sponsorship




Associated terms


Definition Restrictions on alcohol industry sponsorship are defined as legally binding restrictions enforced by law on alcohol industry sponsorship of sporting events or youth events, such as concerts, in a country. Sponsorship refers to supporting an event financially or through the provision of products or services as part of brand identification and marketing.

Indicator ID 1410



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Restrictions on alcohol product placement


Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Restrictions on product placement


Indicator name Restrictions on alcohol product placement




Associated terms


Definition Restrictions on alcohol product placement are defined as legally binding restrictions enforced by law on alcohol product placement in a country. Product placement refers to the sponsorship of e.g. TV productions by economic operators if their alcoholic beverage is shown in these productions.

Indicator ID 1409



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Restrictions on alcohol sales promotion


Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Restrictions on sales promotion


Indicator name Restrictions on alcohol sales promotion




Associated terms


Definition Restrictions on alcohol sales promotion are defined as legally binding restrictions enforced by law on alcohol sales promotion (such as from producers, e.g. parties and events; or from retailers, including supermarkets, in the form of sales below cost, e.g. two for one, happy hour; or from owners of pubs and bars in the form of serving alcohol for free), in a country. Sales promotion refers to marketing practices designed to facilitate the purchase of a product.

Indicator ID 1411



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Restrictions on alcohol use in public places

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Restrictions on alcohol use in public places


Indicator name Restrictions on alcohol use in public places




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition Restrictions on alcohol use in public places pertain to: education buildings, government offices, healthcare establishments, leisure events, parks and streets, public transport, religious places, sporting events, workplace.

Indicator ID 2352



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Road traffic accidents involving alcohol

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure


Method of estimation Number of road traffic accidents in a country in a given year where the driver of at least one involved car has exceeded the legal BAC limit in that country divided by the total population The rate is per 100,000 population.

M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments Data source: European Health for All Database: http://www.euro.who.int/en/what-we-do/data-and-evidence/databases/european-health-for-all-database-hfa-db2; peer-reviewed articles; expert opinion.

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Road traffic accidents involving alcohol


Indicator name Road traffic accidents involving alcohol




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition Number of road traffic accidents in a country in a given year where the driver of at least one involved car has exceeded the legal BAC limit in that country.

Indicator ID 2334



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Road traffic accidents involving alcohol, per cent of all traffic crashes

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure


Method of estimation Number of road traffic accidents in a country in a given year where the driver of at least one involved car has exceeded the legal BAC limit in that country divided by the number of all traffic crashes.

M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Road traffic accidents involving alcohol, per cent


Indicator name Road traffic accidents involving alcohol, per cent of all traffic crashes




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition Number of road traffic accidents in a country in a given year where the driver of at least one involved car has exceeded the legal BAC limit in that country.

Indicator ID 2335



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Road traffic fatalities involving alcohol (% of all road traffic fatalities)

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure


Method of estimation Number of fatal road traffic accidents in a country in a given year in which alcohol use was identified divided by the number of all fatal road traffic accidents.

M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Road traffic fatalities involving alcohol


Indicator name Road traffic fatalities involving alcohol (% of all road traffic fatalities)




Associated terms

Rationale Alcohol is a frequent contributor to fatal road traffic accidents due mainly to elevated blood alcohol concentration. It is therefore an important indicator in evaluating, in an indirect way, alcohol-related mortalities and health outcomes generally.

Definition Number of fatal road traffic accidents in a country in a given year in which alcohol use was identified.

Indicator ID 2314



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Sectors represented in national alcohol policy

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Sectors represented


Indicator name Sectors represented in national alcohol policy




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition The different sectors represented in the national policy on alcohol can be health, social, justice, road safety, education, employment, law enforcement, finance/taxation, or other.

Indicator ID 1401



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Server training on alcohol

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Server training


Indicator name Server training on alcohol




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition This indicates whether there is systematic alcohol server training (for servers of pubs, bars, restaurants) on a regular basis in a given country. Server training means a form of occupational training provided to people serving alcohol such as bar and restaurant staff, waiting staff or people serving at catered events. Alcohol server training promotes the safe service of alcoholic beverages to customers (e.g. not serving to intoxication, not serving to those already intoxicated or to minors).

Indicator ID 2360



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Social costs of alcohol use

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure


Method of estimation See Single, E., Collins, D., Easton, B., Harwood, H., Lapsley, H., Kopp, P., Wilson, E. (2003). International Guidelines for Estimating the Costs of Substance Abuse. Second Edition. World Health Organization. Data are in millions USD.

M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Social costs


Indicator name Social costs of alcohol use




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition In accordance with Single, E., Collins, D., Easton, B., Harwood, H., Lapsley, H., Kopp, P., Wilson, E. (2003). International Guidelines for Estimating the Costs of Substance Abuse. Second Edition. World Health Organization.

Indicator ID 1394



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Standard drink defined

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments Data sources: ICAP (www.icap.org), 2010; National Research Institutes.

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Standard drink defined


Indicator name Standard drink defined




Associated terms


Definition This is to indicate whether there is a definition of a standard drink used at the national level.

Indicator ID 2361



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Total alcohol per capita (15+ years) consumption of pure alcohol

Disaggregation Sex

Age



M&E Framework


Regional estimates are derived from population weighted averages of countries with data on unrecorded APC.

Limitations See comments and limitations for the two components: recorded and unrecorded APC.


Comments See data sources for the two components: recorded and unrecorded APC.

Unit Multiplier


Periodic


Periodic


Topic Risk factors


Method of estimation Sum of recorded and unrecorded APC.

Indicator name Total alcohol per capita (15+ years) consumption of pure alcohol

Name abbreviated Total APC



Method of measurement See measurement method for the two components: recorded and unrecorded APC.

Rationale The total APC comprises both the recorded and the unrecorded APC, which together provide a more accurate estimate of the level of alcohol consumption in a country, and as a result, portray trends of alcohol consumption in a more precise way.

Definition Total APC is defined as the total (sum of recorded APC three-year average and unrecorded APC) amount of alcohol consumed per adult (15+ years) over a calendar year, in litres of pure alcohol. Recorded alcohol consumption refers to official statistics (production, import, export, and sales or taxation data), while the unrecorded alcohol consumption refers to alcohol which is not taxed and is outside the usual system of governmental control. In circumstances in which the number of tourists per year is at least the number of inhabitants, the tourist consumption is also taken into account and is deducted from the country's recorded APC.

Associated terms

Indicator ID 465



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Total alcohol per capita (15+ years) consumption of pure alcohol among drinkers

Disaggregation Sex

Unit of Measure

Unit Multiplier

Method of estimation The total APC per drinker is derived using the following formula: Total APC per drinker = Total APC/(1-total rate of abstainers in %)

M&E Framework




Global Infobase

Comments See data sources for total APC and abstainers.


Periodic


Periodic

Limitations The reliability of the indicator is mainly threatened by the validity of the abstainer indicator. This validity is especially threatened by social desirability when abstinence is the norm and/or drinking is forbidden.



Topic Risk factors


Method of measurement See total APC and abstainers

Indicator name Total alcohol per capita (15+ years) consumption of pure alcohol among drinkers

Name abbreviated Total APC among drinkers


Population-based surveys


Rationale Though total APC is a very good indicator of a population's level of alcohol consumption, it makes an average for the whole population no matter if people consume alcohol or not. Calculating total APC among drinkers only provides a more accurate picture of alcohol consumption among those who actually drink alcohol.

Definition Total APC among drinkers is defined as the total (recorded and unrecorded) amount of alcohol consumed per adult (15+ years) drinker over a calendar year, in litres of pure alcohol. Numerator: Total APC. Denominator: 1-total rate of abstainers in %. See also total APC and abstainers

Associated terms

Indicator ID 464




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Total alcohol per capita (15+ years) consumption of pure alcohol, projected estimates for 2012

Disaggregation




Method of estimation Projected estimates, for countries for which no validated alcohol per capita (15+ years) consumption data were available, were based on alcohol per capita (15+ years) data from 2000 to 2010, using fractional polynomial regression with year as the independent variable.

M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments See data sources for the two components: recorded and unrecorded APC.

Limitations See comments and limitations for the two components: recorded and unrecorded APC.


Ad hoc


Ad hoc



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Total APC projected estimates for 2012

Method of measurement See measurement method for the two components: recorded and unrecorded APC.

Indicator name Total alcohol per capita (15+ years) consumption of pure alcohol, projected estimates for 2012




Associated terms

Rationale The total APC comprises both the recorded and the unrecorded APC, which together provide a more accurate estimate of the level of alcohol consumption in a country, and as a result, portray trends of alcohol consumption in a more precise way.

Definition Total APC is defined as the total (sum of recorded and unrecorded) amount of alcohol consumed per adult (15+ years) over a calendar year, in litres of pure alcohol. Recorded alcohol consumption refers to official statistics (production, import, export, and sales or taxation data), while the unrecorded alcohol consumption refers to alcohol which is not taxed and is outside the usual system of governmental control. In circumstances in which the number of tourists per year is at least the number of inhabitants, the tourist consumption is also taken into account and is deducted from the country's recorded APC.

Indicator ID 2465



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Total alcohol per capita (15+) consumption of pure alcohol, projections to 2025

Disaggregation



Method of estimation As data on per capita consumption change rapidly over time, the regression model for each country was chosen based on the results of regression models that used data from 2005 onward, 2000 onward, 1990 onward, and 1960 onward. Models were chosen based on a sensitivity analysis that assessed the ability of these models to predict data from 2005 onward when these data were excluded (models were adjusted to use data from 2000 onward, 1995 onward, 1985 onward, and 1960 onward respectively for the sensitivity analyses).

M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Prjections APC


Indicator name Total alcohol per capita (15+) consumption of pure alcohol, projections to 2025




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition Projections for total alcohol consumption data for 2015, 2020 and 2025 were derived using fractional polynomial regression models with year as independent variable.

Indicator ID 4402



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Tourist alcohol consumption

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure


Method of estimation For tourism/visitors adjustment, the United Nations (UN) visitors’ database was used for estimating the number of tourists/visitors. The following criteria were used: a) if the number of tourists/visitors was less than the number of inhabitants, then no adjustment was made;b) if the number of tourists/visitors was greater than or equal to the number of inhabitants, an adjustment was made for countries where the majority was of Muslim religion (lowest threshold of adjustment; size of Muslim population was based on UN data); c) if the number of tourists/visitors was greater than or equal to 1.5 times the number of inhabitants and the country was low-income or middle income, an adjustment was made; d) if the number of tourists/visitors was greater than or equal to 2 times the number of inhabitants and the country was high-income, an adjustment was made. The different adjustments were made to limit quantification of tourist/visitors consumption to instances, where it would impact at least 10% of consumption or at least 0.5 litres alcohol per capita consumption. The estimates are linked to APC and are based on the following assumptions: Tourists/visitors consume alcohol as they do at home,(i.e. with the same average alcohol per capita consumption). The average length of stay by tourists/visitors was 14 days (except for Luxembourg, Estonia, and the Republic of Moldova, where there is a lot of cross-border shopping with shorter average length of stay.).

M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments Data source: Tourist offices of the respective countries.

Limitations


Annual


Annual


Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Tourist consumption


Indicator name Tourist alcohol consumption




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition The litres of pure alcohol consumed per tourist (15+ years) in a calendar year as computed using a specific algorithm.

Indicator ID 2322



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Treatment admissions (inpatient), alcoholic psychosis

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure


Method of estimation The number of persons admitted to hospital with a diagnosis of alcoholic psychosis in a calendar year divided by the total population. The rate is per 100,000 population.

M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments Data source: Peer-reviewed articles; national surveys; expert opinion.

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Treatment admissions, alcoholic psychosis


Indicator name Treatment admissions (inpatient), alcoholic psychosis




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition The number of persons admitted to hospital with a diagnosis of alcoholic psychosis in a calendar year.

Indicator ID 2333



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Treatment policy for alcohol use disorders

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Treatment policy for alcohol use disorders


Indicator name Treatment policy for alcohol use disorders




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition Has national treatment policy for alcohol use disorders. Treatment policy for alcohol use disorders is defined as an organized set of values, principles and objectives for the treatment of patients who suffer from alcohol use disorders. Also, Persons with alcohol use disorders receiving treatment (%); Designation of alcohol tax revenues to health services. (See also separate entries under these indicators.)

Indicator ID 1412



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Unrecorded adult (15+ years) per capita consumption of pure alcohol

Disaggregation




Method of estimation Survey questions on consumption of unrecorded alcohol are converted into estimates per year of unrecorded APC. Usually surveys underestimate consumption. However, in countries where survey based estimates exceeded the recorded consumption, unrecorded was calculated as total consumption estimated from survey minus recorded APC. In some countries, unrecorded is estimated based on confiscated alcohol confiscated by customs or police.

M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Limitations The calculation of unrecorded APC remains an estimate. However, together with recorded APC, this indicator leads to a more accurate assessment of the total amount of alcohol consumed per person per year in a given country.


Periodic


Periodic


Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Unrecorded APC

Method of measurement The first priority in the decision tree is given to nationally representative empirical data; these are often general population surveys in countries where alcohol is legal. Second are specific other empirical investigations, and third is expert opinion.

Indicator name Unrecorded adult (15+ years) per capita consumption of pure alcohol




Associated terms

Rationale Alcohol consumption can be recorded through production, export, import, and sales/taxation data. However alcohol can also be produced and consumed outside of governmental control, and remain unrecorded. In some cases, unrecorded APC represents an important proportion of a country's alcohol consumption, so it is vital to take this factor into account, in addition to recorded APC, when investigating a country's level of alcohol consumption.

Definition Unrecorded APC is defined as the unrecorded amount of alcohol consumed per adult (15+ years) in litres of pure alcohol. Unrecorded consumption refers to alcohol which is not taxed and is outside the usual system of governmental control, such as home or informally produced alcohol (legal or illegal), smuggled alcohol, surrogate alcohol (which is alcohol not intended for human consumption), or alcohol obtained through cross-border shopping (which is recorded in a different jurisdiction). Numerator: The amount of unrecorded alcohol consumed per adult (15+ years) during a calendar year, in litres of pure alcohol. Denominator: Midyear resident population (15+ years) for the same calendar year, UN World Population Prospects, medium variant.

Indicator ID 466



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Comments Preferred data sources: Representative surveys, specific empirical investigations, expert opinion. Other possible data sources: Indirect estimation based on alcohol poisoning or other injury indicators.


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Value-added tax (VAT) on alcohol

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated VAT


Indicator name Value-added tax (VAT) on alcohol




Associated terms

Rationale

Definition Value added tax (VAT) is a form of consumption tax. It is a tax on the "value added" to a product or material at each stage of its manufacture or distribution. The "value added" to a product by a business is the sale price charged to its customer, minus the cost of materials and other taxable inputs.

Indicator ID 2350



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Workplace representatives nationally involved to prevent and address alcohol-related harm

Disaggregation

Unit of Measure



M&E Framework

Unit Multiplier


Comments

Limitations


Periodic


Periodic



Topic Risk factors

Name abbreviated Workplace representatives involvement


Indicator name Workplace representatives nationally involved to prevent and address alcohol-related harm




Associated terms


Definition This is to indicate whether there are social partners representing employers and employees at national level involved in actions to prevent and address alcohol-related harm at workplaces.

Indicator ID 4449


Documents

Indicator Code Book Global Information System on Alcohol ...ISO Health Indicators Framework Method of estimation Statistical analyses based on surveys, weighted to be representative