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8/12/2019 Indians in Malaysia 2
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INDIANS
IN
MALAYS
IA
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INDIANS
IN
MALAYSIA
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ONTENT
NO. TOPI S PAGE/PAGES
Preface 4
1. Introduction 5 -7
2. Birt Cere!on" # -21
$. Traditiona% &e%co!e 22 - 2$
4. &eddin' Cere!on" 24 - 4(
5. Na!a)*ar / Na!a)te 5+ - 54
,. i' tin' %a! / i"a 55 5,
7. Pro)tratin' 0efore arent) and e%der) 57 7+
#. Be%ief) and )u er)tition) 71 #2
(. unera% Tradition) / eat Cere!on" #$ 1++
1+. e)ti a%) 1+1 - 112
11. Cui)ine) 11$ - 11,
12. C%ot in' 117 - 125
1$. 3eference) / 3ecour)e) 127 - 12#
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P3E ACE
T i) 0oo* i) de)i'ned to ro ide infor!ation for one of t e !ain race in a%a")ia.
'enera% t e Indian) ad %a"ed an i! ortant ro%e contri0utin' eace and unit" a!on' a%a"
&it tec nica% 'uidance i) e6 ected to 0e 0eneficiarie) under)tand t e !i))ion 'oa%) and e6
tar'et and a e a co!!on erce tion in i! %e!entin' a))i)tance ie ) i) in accordance it
at a) 0een de)cri0ed in t e 'uide%ine) effecti e%" and efficient%". Infor!a%%" )ti!u%
u %iftin' !" o n ie and *no %ed'e of !" fe%%o a%a")ian). I o e !" findin') 'enerate !o
under)tandin' of t e Indian) in a%a")ia for t o)e o! read t i) 0oo*. I ou%d %i*e to con
i' 'ratitude for !" %ecturer o! ad a))i'ned !e for t i) ta)* t at e entua%%" o en !" e"e
u on ot er cu%ture) t at are 8uite )i!i%ar to !ine.
NO3A9 I A BINTI I A
7#+(1+-+1-5(#2
PPG TES SPECIA INTA:E EB3;A3< 2+1$ / S5 | P a g e
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Introduction
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T=E IN IANS IN 4A Aand Ara0? trader) and !erc ant) fir)t ca!e ere !ore t an 5++ "ear) a'o and
e en 0rou' t I)%a! to t i) countr". But t e @ot er Indian) t e or*er) ca!e at a0out t e
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So fro! t e !id-1#++) to around 1(2+ Indian) and C ine)e ca!e to
a%a"a in 'reat nu!0er). T i) a) !ore or %e)) t e )econd a e of !a)) !i'ration. And it a) for
econo!ic rea)on) and to ro ide t e %a0our for o0) t at t e a%a") ou%d ne er do. But t
ear%ier and ot er !i'ration) a) e%%.
On t e co!!ercia% )ide t ere ere !an" Indian 0u)ine))e) and or*er).So t e Indian
fro! t e C ettiar co!!unit" ca!e ere to )et u !one"-%endin' 0u)ine))e) to )er ice t eir
co!!unit". & en t e a%a"an rai% net or* a) 0ein' de e%o ed ere e%)e to 'et t e o
not fro! t e countr" it t e %ar'e)t rai% a" in t e or%d India.
3i' t fro! 0irt to deat Indian) in a%a")ia *ee on erfor!in' ariou) cu)to!) and
tradition). A%!o)t e er" occa)ion )uc a) 0irt en'a'e!ent !arria'e deat and )o onD a
cere!on" attac ed to it.
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Birth
Ceremony9 | P a g e
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T e Indian u)to!) urin' Birt
urin' re'nanc"
a%ai*aa u cu)to! i) cu)to! !ade en content e%de)t re'nant o!en reac t e a'e of )e en
to nine !ont ). Pre'nant o!en i%% 0e a %ied a!orou) ne 0race%et *no n a) Suu%*a
SuFu% !ean) F o!0 and :aa u a%)o !ean) F rotection F . T e 0race%et i) orn inten
rotect t e fetu) fro! difficu%tie) durin' c i%d0irt .
a%ai*aa u cu)to! e%d on t e da" and a 'ood ti!e accordin' to t e Indian ca%endar .
cere!on" i%% 0e e%d at u)0and ) o!e or i) arent) o!e and acco! anied 0" o!en
a e 0een !arried and a e a )on ca%%ed cu!an''a%i .
Brace%et ic a) a %ied in t i) ritua% con)i)t) of )e era% t" e) of '%a)) 0an'%e) and
accordin' to t eir a0i%it" . Once t e c i%d i) 0orn t e 'o%d 0race%et e e%r" i%% 0e !e
!ade for t e 0a0" and i%% 0e u)ed durin' t e na!in' cere!on".
At 0irt
T e ti!e of 0irt i) i! ortant for t e Indian co!!unit" in ic it i%% 0e recorded accurat
deter!ine t e 0a0" ) )tar accordin' to t e =indu a%!anac . T e )tar i%% deter!ine t e !e
")ica% and ) iritua% fro! infanc" to adu%t ood. Once t e 0a0" i) 0orn !on*) or a
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*no %ed'ea0%e a0out =indui)! i%% i) er antira! Ga"atri !antra ic i) a God in "our
ear 0efore t e u!0i%ica% cord cut. =o e er t i) cu)to! tai%ored u)t once t e 0a0" 0
!odern !edicine doe) not a%%o an"one to enter t e de%i er" roo! .
God i) er) in t e ear) of 0a0" i) to a%%o t e 0a0"F) earin' t e na!e of God 0efore e
an" ot er . It ai!) to 0rin' 0%e))in') to t e 0a0". T e roce)) of cuttin' t e u!0i%ica% cord
0ur"in' t e %acenta to'et er around t e o!e it )o!e !one" tur!eric o der )a%t and nu
T e)e !ateria%) are ut to'et er to a oid 0ein' 'ou'ed 0" i%d ani!a%) and are not u)ed 0
!a'ician).
Ne 0orn) i%% a%)o 0e a %ied to one" !i6ed ' ee on i) ton'ue . In addition to
)u'ar ater can a%)o 0e u)ed . Sa ennai oi% ic i) a !i6ture of )e)a!e oi% and tainted
)o!eti!e) u)ed. T i) oi% i) 0e%ie ed to 0rin' 0eaut" and )o t e 0a0" ou%d not 0e attac*ed 0"
di)ea)e. =one" i) )aid 0e a0%e to )often t e 0a0"F) ton'ue and ea)e 0a0" ) ea*in' )*i%%. A dr
)e)a!e oi% !i6ed it a %itt%e 0rea)t !i%* into t e 0a0"F) !out and ru00ed into rou' a'e i%
t e di'e)ti e )")te! and e% ) t e 'ro t of t e 0a0".
After 0irt
Ba0ie) 0orn at t e o) ita% i%% 0e 0rou' t 0ac* to t e ou)e on t e t ird fift )e
nu!0er) of da") . Before t e 0a0" i) 0rou' t into t e ou)e aa%ati cere!on" i) erfor!ed. It ai!)
to a oid t e %a'ue or an" natura% di)a)ter occur). or aa%ati cere!on" t e tra" containin' tu
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o der di%uted itin' c arcoa% 0ete% and ca! or %it %ifted and rotated t ree ti
and counterc%oc* i)e. T e tra" i%% a%)o a ed t ree ti!e). Ne6t t e cu!an''a%i di ed
into t e tra" and ru0 to t e !ot er and c i%d) fore ead. After t at t e !ot er and c i%d 'o
ou)e.
& en t e 0a0" and t e !ot er returned o!e t e" i%% 0e )e arated fro! ot er fa!i%" !e!0e
in a roo! t at i) a% a") *e t c%ean . or t e fir)t t o ee*) t e out)ide i) for0idden to i)
e6ce t for !edica% ur o)e) .
If t e )ur'ica% roce)) of c i%d0irt !aternit" ne !o! i) not a%%o ed to ) o er for t o e
!edica% 'round) due to oor ")ica% ca ita% for o eration and effect of t e 0irt . or nor!
!ot er t e !ot er ou%d 0at e e er" ot er da" after de%i er". So!e er0) and %ea
aadatoodai 0oi%ed it ater . T e ater i) u)ed for 0at in'. Parent) i%% dried air i!!ediat
incen)e )!o*e to a oid eadac e) co%d) and a%)o to refre) "our 0od" after c i%d0irt .
Ba0ie) are u)ua%%" 0at ed in t e e enin' 0" a o!an it e6 erience . T i) 0at i) done it
ater )o!eti!e) !i6ed it er0a% in'redient) . It ai!) to re ent e i%e )" or "e%%o i) di
i%* i) a%)o u)ed a) t e !ain in'redient to )often 0a0"F) )*in. & en t e 0a0" 0at ed )%o )e
!o e!ent) are erfor!ed on t e 0od" of t e 0a0" and t at t e 0a0"F) ) ine doe) not 0end . or
t e ur o)e of 0eaut" no)e e"e0ro ) and ear) ere !a))a'ed . So!e !ateria%) )uc a)
tur!eric o der )e)a!e oi% ounded 'reen 0ean) are u)ed a) 0a0" 0od" c%ean)er de)i'ned t
re ent )*in di)ea)e) and )!oot 0a0" )*in . one 0at ed 0a0" i%% 0e %ifted 0ot %e') u12 | P a g e
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attin' t e 0uttoc*) to roduce ) utu! . Once t e 0a0" i) )!o*ed it incen)e )!o*e and
ainted it o der !ade fro! rice f%our t at i) not contracted a ra) . ina%%" t e"Fre ra
c%ot 0a0" i%% ai! to )trai' ten %i!0 0a0" 0od".
On t e )i6teen da" c ri)tenin' done. It i) done 0" in)ertin' 0a0" into t e crad%e and o erated 0
o%de)t fa!i%" !e!0er) o *no a0out re%i'ion and !atter) re%atin' to t e 'od) .
Cere!on" 0e'an it a ra"er a) a )i'n of 'ratitude. T ere are a%)o ritua% or) i ) Godd
:aatteeri Pecci"a!!an done 0" t e %eader of Indian )ociet" . 3itua% erfor!ed 0" c%eanin' auttin' u oi% %a! ) around t e ou)e . Pre)entation !ateria%) are a%)o a ai%a0%e a)
0oi%ed e'') dried fi) and )o on . T en en e er"t in') are read" t e 0a0" i) ut in t e c
and i) na!e i) announced to t e cro d . 3e%ati e) i%% re)ent ariou) 'ift) and t e cere!
conc%uded it a 0an8uet and ra" ra"er) for t e 0a0".
Se%ected na!e) 0a)ed on t e a%!anac nor!a%%" 0" fo%%o in' t e 0a0"F) 0irt date . T e n
ro!inent i)torian) and t e ance)tor) a))ociated it t e =indu re%i'ion i) a%)o )e%ected
0a0" 0ecau)e t e na!e )e%ected i%% affect t e c aracter %ater.
Soon after t e 0irt of a c i%d a cere!on" for na!in' t e c i%d ta*e) %ace. A rie)t te%
a% a0et fro! ic t e na!e of t e c i%d ) ou%d )tart. T e 0irt of a c i%d in a fa!i%" i) a
t at 0rin') o" and a ine)) to e er"one a))ociated it t e fa!i%". T e fir)t t in' t at co!e
!ind after t e 0irt of a c i%d i) c oo)in' an a t na!e for i!/ er. T i) na!e ou%d 'i e a uni8
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identit" to t e 0a0" and i%% )ta" fore er. Na!in' a 0a0" i) con)idered to 0e )acred and t erefo
an i! ortant Indian tradition. It in o% e) t e i!!ediate fa!i%ie) and a%)o c%o)e re%ati e) and
Traditiona%%" *no n a) Na!*aran or Na!a*aran San)*ar t i) cere!on" i) conducted in
e%a0orate for!. T e Na!a*aran San)*ar i) u)ua%%" e%d after t e fir)t 1+ da") of a 0a0"F)
T e)e 1+ o)t-nata% da") are con)idered to 0e inau) iciou) a) t e !ot er and c i%d are con)i
to 0e i! ure. After t o)e 1+ da") t e ou)e i) c%eaned and )anctified for t e cere!on". T e !o
and c i%d are 0at ed traditiona%%" and are re ared for t e cere!on". 3e%ati e) and c%o)e
in ited to 0e a art of t i) )acred occa)ion and 0%e)) t e c i%d. Prie)t) are ca%%ed and an
ritua% ta*e) %ace. T e eo %e in o% ed in t e 0a0" na!in' cere!on" are t e arent) of
0orn t e aterna% and !aterna% 'rand arent) and fe c%o)e re%ati e) and friend). T e
dre))ed in ne c%ot e) and t e !ot er et) t e ead of t e 0a0" it a 0it of ater a) a )"!0o%
urif"in' t e c i%d. T e 0a0" i) t en anded o er to t e aterna% 'rand!ot er or t e fat er
near t e rie)t durin' t e ritua%. T e )acred fire i) %it and t e rie)t c ant) )acred "!n) to
t e God) in t e ea en to 0%e)) t e c i%d.
Accordin' to t e date and ti!e of 0irt of t e c i%d a articu%ar a% a0et i) c o)
ou%d ro e %uc*" for t e 0a0". T e 0a0" i) t en 'i en a na!e )tartin' it t at a% a0et.
t e fat er i) er) t e na!e four ti!e) in t e ri' t ear of t e 0a0". T e 0a0" recei e) 0%e))in
fro! a%% inc%udin' t e rie)t). An e%a0orate fea)t i) or'ani ed for t e rie)t) and t e 'ue
c%o)in' e ent of t e cere!on".
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Na!*aran i) one of t e !o)t i! ortant of t e 1, =indu F)a!)*ara)For ritua%). In t e edic traditiona%
FNa!*aranF >San)*rit Fna!F na!eD F*aranF create? i) t e for!a% na!in' cere!on" erfor!ed
)e%ect a ne 0ornF) na!e
u)in' traditiona% !et od) and a)tro%o'ica% ru%e) of na!in'. T i)
'enera%%" a a " ritua% - it t e ten)ion) of c i%d0irt no o er t e fa!i%" co!e) t
ce%e0rate t e 0irt of t e c i%d it t i) cere!on". Na!*aran i) a%)o ca%%ed FPa%anaro
tradition) ic refer) to uttin' a c i%d into t e crad%e >San)*rit F a%anaF crad%
on0oard?.
& en i) Na!*aran =e%dH
Traditiona%%" t e Na!*aran cere!on" i) conducted after t e F ata*ar!aF )a!)*ara
erfor!ed at t e ti!e of t e 0irt of t e c i%d. No ada") it !ore and !ore 0irt ) ta*in' %a
t e o) ita% t i) ritua% a) 0eco!e a art of t e Na!*aran cere!on" ic i) erfor!ed i
fe ee*) of t e 0a0"F) 0irt . Strict%" ) ea*in' t e na!in' cere!on" ) ou%d 0e e%d 11 da
0irt -i!!ediate%" recedin' t e FSuti*aF or FS udd i*aranF eriod en t e !ot er and c
confined to inten)i e o)t- artu! or o)t-nata% care. =o e er t e 11t da" i) not fi6ed and
decided 0" t e arent) 0a)ed on a rie)t or an a)tro%o'er) ad ice and can e6tend e en u to
0a0"F) fir)t 0irt da".
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=o7 i) t e Na!*aran 3itua% Perfor!ed in =indu TraditionH
T e !ot er and fat er )tart t e ritua% it rana"a!a ra"er) and !antra c antin' in re)ence of
t e fa!i%" rie)t. In a0)ence of t e fat er t e 'randfat er or unc%e can erfor! t e ritua%. T
erfor!) t e ritua% it ra"er) to t e God) A'ni t e 'od of fire t e e%e!ent) and t e ) i
ance)tor). 3ice 'rain) are ) read on a 0ron e Ft a%iF or di) and t e fat er rite) t e c o)en
on it u)in' a 'o%d )tic* i%e c antin' t e GodF) na!e. T en e i) er) t e na!e into t e c
ri' t ear re eatin' it four ti!e) a%on' it a ra"er. A%% ot er) re)ent no re eat) a fe or
t e rie)t to for!a%%" acce t t e na!e. T i) i) fo%%o ed 0" t e 0%e))in') of t e e%der) a%o
and end) it a fea)t it fa!i%" and friend). ;)ua%%" t e fa!i%" a)tro%o'er a%)o re)
c i%dF) oro)co e at t i) cere!on".
=o7 i) t e =indu Ba0"F) Na!e Se%ectedH
=indu fa!i%ie) count on edic a)tro%o'" to arri e at t e na!e of a c i%d. T e initia% %ett
con)idered er" au) iciou) and i) decided accordin' to t e F ana! Na*) atraF or 0irt )tar of t e
c i%d t e o)ition of %anet) at t e ti!e and date of 0irt and t e !oon )i'n. So!eti!e) a na!e
)e%ected 0a)ed on t e na!e of t e deit" t e !ont or e en a dead ance)tor. In )u! t ere are
'enera% rinci %e) of na!in'J Na*) atrana! >0" %unar a)teri)!?D 4a)ana! >accordin' to !ont of
0irt ?D e2atana!a >after t e fa!i%" deit"?D 3a) ina!a >accordin' to 9odiac )i'n?D
and Sa!)ari*ana!a >t e or%d%" na!e? a) an e6ce tion to a%% t e a0o e. It i) traditiona%
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t at a 0o"F) na!e ) ou%d a e %etter) in e en nu!0er) >2 4 , #? and a 'ir%) ) ou%d con
nu!0ered %etter) >$ 5 7 (? 11 0ein' t e 0e)t for 0ot 'ender).
T e fo%%o in' a'e %i)t) t e fir)t %etter) of na!e) 0a)ed on t e c i%dF) 0irt )tar or Na*) a
0e%ie e in )e%ectin' a c i%d ) na!e 0a)ed on i) or er @Na*) atra or 0irt )tar a) ca%c
edic a)tro%o'er durin' t e Na!*aran or na!in' cere!on". In a0)ence of a fa!i%" a)tro%o'er "ou
can re%" on a)tro%o'" )ite) to a)certain t e Na*) atra 0a)ed on t e c i%d ) 0irt date ti!e
%ace. If "ou *no t e 0irt )tar "ou can u)e t e fo%%o in' ta0%e to arri e at t e fir)t %e
0a0"F) na!e a) reco!!ended 0" edic a)tro%o'er) and )e%ect a na!e 0" referrin' to t i)Ba0"
Na!e inder.
a! in ' a Ba0" Accordin ' to Birt Star > a*) atra?
Ba0"F) Birt Star >Na*) atra? ir)t etter of Ba0"F) Na!e
1 A) ini > ? C u > ? C e > ? C o > ? a > ?
2 B arani > ? ee > ? u > ? e > ? o > ?
$ :riti*a > ? A > ? E > ? ; > ? Ea > ?
4 3o ini > ? O > ? a > ? i > ? u > ?
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5 ri'a) ira > ? &e > ? &o > ? :a > ? :i > ?
, Aard ra > ? :u > ? G a > ? In' > ? a > ?
7 Punar a)u > ? :e > ? :o > ? =a > ? =i > ?
# Pu) "a!i > ? =u > ? =e > ? =o > ? a > ?
( A) %e) a > ? e > ? u > ? e > ? o > ?
1+ a' a/ a* a > ? a > ? e > ? u > ? e > ?
11 Poor a P a%'uni > ? o > ? Ta > ? Ti > ? Tu > ?
12 ;ttara a%'uni > ? Te > ? To > ? Pa > ? Pe > ?
1$ =a)ta > ? Pu > ? S a > ? Na > ? Te a > ?
14 C itra > ? Pe > ? Po > ? 3a > ? 3e > ?
15 S aati > ? 3u > ? 3e > ? 3o > ? Taa > ?
1, i) aa* a > ? Tee > ? Tue > ? Teaa > ? Too > ?
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17 Anuraad a > ? Na > ? Ne > ? Nu > ? Ne > ?
1# "e) t a > ? No > ? ? ? ;u > ?
1( oo%a > ? ? ? Ba > ? Be > ?
2+ Poor a) aada > ? Bu > ? a > ? Ea > ? Eaa > ?
21 ;ttara) aada > ? Be > ? Bo > ? a > ? i > ?
22 S ra an > ? u > ? e > ? o > ? S a > ?
2$ ani) ta > ? Ga > ? Gi > ? Gu > ? Ge > ?
24 S ata0 i) a > ? Go > ? Sa > ? Si > ? Su > ?
25 Poor a0 adra > ? Se > ? So > ? a > ? i > ?
2, ;ttara0 adra > ? u > ? T a > ? a > ? na > ?
27 3e ati > ? e > ? o > ? C a > ? C i > ?
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4undan ere!on"
T ere are !an" traditiona% ritua%) t at )urround t e 0irt of c
in a t" ica% Indian fa!i%". T e)e tradition) and ritua%) ai!
0%e))in' t e c i%d to a e a %on' fu%fi%%in' %ife. One of t
cere!onie) i) *no n a) undan San)*ar or t e fir)t aircut of
t e 0a0". T e !undan cere!on" i) an i! ortant tradition for India and re%ati e) and friend) a
in ited to 0%e)) t e c i%d. T i) fir)t aircut of a c i%d a) an i! ortant )i'nificance ic
in t e fo%%o in' %ine). T e c i%d u)ua%%" recei e) i)/ er fir)t !undan in eit er t e fir)t "ear
t ird "ear of a'e. A rie)t i) ca%%ed to conduct t e ritua%) accordin' to t e tradition) and a 0
ca%%ed to ) a e off t e air. T e rie)t recited )acred "!n) and c ant) and ) a e) a art
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ead. T e 0ar0er t en ) a e) t e entire ead )o!eti!e) %ea in' a c%u! of air at t e 0ac* o
ead. So!e of t i) air i) offered in t e )acred ri er) in o%" citie) %i*e =arid ar and ara
coo% do n t e ead and to cure nic*) and cut) a a)te of tur!eric and )anda% ood i) )o!eti!
a %ied on t e entire ead. T ereafter a c i%d !a" 0e ) a ed no and t en or ne er de
t e de)ire of t at articu%ar fa!i%". T ere i) a )i'nificant rea)on a) to " t e ead i) ) a ed i
an e%a0orate ritua%i)tic a". Accordin' to t e =indu 0e%ief) t e air re)ent at 0irt i) )u
re re)ent un anted trait) fro! t e a)t %i e). In order to !a*e )ure t at t e c i%d a)
unde)ira0%e 8ua%itie) of t e a)t 0irt in t i) %ife t e ead i) ) a ed off to en)ure a ne
and a fre) )tart. edica%%" it i) )aid t at ) a in' off t e air )ti!u%ate) t e ce%%) and
0%ood circu%ation to t e 0rain. So!e a%)o 0e%ie e t at t i) 'i e) t e c i%d a %on' %ife
T e rad%e of Indian fea)t
T e cere!on" a) e%d on t e da" of 0irt to )i6teen. T e e ent i%% 0e e%d at t e fa!i%
t e 0ride.
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On t at da" a ne 0orn 0a0" i%% 0e 0at ed it t ree different t" e) of oi% Coconut Oi%
en'a i)tance. After t e 0a0" i) 0at ed ra"er) i%% 0e e%d. T en t e o%d !an of t e f
'ir%) i%% 0e earin' a 0%ac* 0race%et and F a)a!0uF on 0a0" and). T e ai! i) to re en
fro! o!itin' accordin' to ance)tra% 0e%ief) Indian). Brace%et) i%% 0e re!o ed one 0" on
ti!e unti% e6 au)ted.
After t at t e o%d K o!anL in t e fa!i%" i%% 0e t e na!e of t e 0a0" t ree ti!e) in t e 0a0
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TraditionalWelcome
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Indian) 0e%ie e in t e ra)e MAtit i e o B a aM !eanin' a 'ue)t i) t e ref%ection
t e traditiona% e%co!e t e 'ue)t i) 'ar%anded and a ti**a > er!i%%ion? i) ut on i)/ e
E en t e Touri)! ini)tr" of India a) %aunc ed t e FAtit i e o B a aF ca! ai'n to !a*e
a are of IndiaF) ric cu%ture and tradition)
ATIT=I E O B=A A i) a San)*rit ra)e ic !ean) Gue)t i) di ine PA=;NC
o) ita%it" in !arat i. &e Indian) 0e%on' to a tradition ere 'ue)t) are treated it t e
de otion %o e re) ect e )et a)ide for GodQ It i) not unu)ua% or )ur ri)in' en eo
u)t %i*e t at it out an" notice or u)t )ta" 0ac* for %unc /dinner fu%% !ea% i) re
!inute) for t e!.
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WeddingCeremony
Arran'ed 4arria'e
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T e traditiona% arran'ed !arria'e a) %on' 0een an inte'ra% ar
of t e Indian cu%ture. A) a'ain)t %o e !arria'e it i) t e conce
ic t e arent) and fa!i%" !e!0er) )earc for t e
ro) ecti e 0ride or t e 'roo! t rou' t eir ac8uaintance) or
ad erti)e!ent) in ne ) a er) and !arria'e orta%). In t e ear%ier ti!e) it e er"t in' 0ein' fi6
0" fa!i%" !e!0er) t e 0ride and 'roo! u)ed to 0e ractica%%" c%ue%e)) a0out t e er)on
ere !arr"in'. Toda" t e arran'ed !arria'e )")te! of India a) 0eco!e !ore f%e6i0%e.
Ta*in' t e con)ent of t e 0o" and t e 'ir% 0efore !arria'e i) i! ortant no . T e" !eet eac
ot er 0efore !arria'e 'au'e t eir co! ati0i%it" if e er"t in' fit) t e" 'et en'a'ed. T e duratio
0et een !arria'e and en'a'e!ent !a" ar" fro! fifteen da") to o er a "ear. urin' t i) eriod a
%ot of acti itie) ta*e %ace in t e 0rideF) a) e%% a) t e 'roo!F) fa!i%ie). It i) a%)o duri
on%" t at !eetin') cere!onie) and con)tant contact o er t e one e% t e 0ride and t e 'ro
to-0e to *no and under)tand eac ot er 0etter.
Genera%%" t ere are )e era% factor) %i*e co! ati0i%it" of t e to-0e-cou %e)F
fa!i%" 0ac*'round ea%t )ocia% )tandin' ca)te and )o on ic are ta*en into con)ide
t e arent) of 0ot )ide) under arran'ed !arria'e). T e in)titution of !arria'e i) con)idered er"
)acred in t e Indian )u0continent. So t e arent) t in* t at )ince t e" are o%der and t u)
t e" can ta*e 0etter deci)ion) in co! ari)on to t eir ro'en". T ou' t i) )")te! of !arria'e i) on
t e dec%ine in ur0an India itF) )ti%% )tron' in t e rura% re'ion).
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T e )trict ad erence to t e =indu cu)to!) i) at co! e%) Indian) to 'o t rou' )uc
%en't " roce)) for fi6in' u a !arria'e. arria'e in t e Indian )ociet" i) con)idered )o au) iciou
t at not u)t t e da" 0ut a%)o t e ti!e of t e !arria'e i) fi6ed a) er t e a)tro%o'ica% c art) o
t e 0ride and t e 'roo!. In =indu) t e !arria'e cere!on" ta*e) %ace durin' t e ni' t and
)tretc e) o er a ro6i!ate%" fi e-)i6 our). A rie)t i) )u!!oned to re)ide o er t e !arria'
ic i) attended 0" t e a%% t e fa!i%" !e!0er) re%ati e) and friend). T ere i) a %ot of fe)
!err" !a*in' 0efore and after t e !arria'e i) fi6ed. E%a0orate trou))eau e e%%er" and
) o in' i) done 0" t e fa!i%ie) of 0ot t e 0ride and t e 'roo!. T e eddin' i) erfor!ed a) e
t e ru%e) )ti u%ated 0" t e edic rite) and ritua%). T e 'roo! %ed'e) to fu%fi%% t e 0ride
)!a%% de)ire) to t e 0e)t of i) a0i%it". Bot of t e! ro!i)e to 0e fait fu% to eac ot er. S
i) to treat i! a) er %ord and !a)ter er 'uide and ad i)or and 0e it i! t rou' 'ood an
0ad for t e re)t of er %ife.
&eddin') are conducted in India it 'reat fanfare fo%%o in' ariou) cu)to!) and ritua%
eddin' i) not a )in'%e da" affair in IndiaD rat er t e function) carr" on for $ - 4 or e en !ore
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Sindoor
Traditiona% aut entic :u!*u! of India i) !ade 0" 'rindin' t e
dried tur!eric to a o der. A fe dro ) of %i!e are t en added to
t i) "e%%o o der ic c an'e) it) ue to a 0ri' t r
:u!*u! i) con)idered to 0e er" au) iciou) 0" Indian) and
t u) u)ed for ariou) ur o)e) on ) ecia% occa)ion) %i*e eddin' and fe)ti a%). Peo %e
u)e 0ot red and t e ori'ina% "e%%o o der) de endin' u on at t e" need t e :u!*u!
:u!*u! o%d) a 'reat de'ree of )i'nificance in India e) ecia%%" for !arried o!en.
& en an Indian o!an ear) a %itt%e red :u!*u! in t e artin' of er air u)t a0o e t e fore
it con e") t e !eanin' t at ) e i) !arried. In t i) ca)e t e Indian er!i%%ion or *u!*u! i) refer
to a) Sindoor or Sindur. & ene er a fe!a%e i)it) )o!eoneF) ou)e it i) cu)to!ar" for t e e%
%adie) of t at fa!i%" to offer or a %" a %itt%e *u!*u! on er fore ead. In )out India
!arried o!en i)it te! %e) t e" di t eir fin'er in "e%%o tur!eric o der and a %" a dot o
nec*).
Sindoor i) not u)t u)ed 0" t e o!enfo%* of India. E en !en 0o") 'ir%) and %itt%a %" a dot of t i) o der on t eir fore ead en t e" i)it a te! %e or attend )o!e re%
function. =o e er for !arried Indian o!an itF) i) a%!o)t co! u%)or" to a %" :u!*u! in
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artin' of t eir air e er"da". A) er =indu cu)to!) ) e i) )u o)ed to cea)e earin' Sindur o
after t e de!i)e of er u)0and.
In ear%ier ti!e) o!en referred to re are :u!*u! at o!e. No !o)t of t e! 0u" t e
read"!ade Sindur fro! t e !ar*et. A traditiona% co! onent of t e )indoor i) o dered red %e
and ot er in'redient) are a%u! and tur!eric. Anot er cu)to! fo%%o ed 0" !arried =indu %adi
t e countr" i) to ear a 0indi on t eir fore ead. At ti!e) o!en a %" a *u!*u! dot in)tead of t
0indi.
Indian eddin') are er" 0ri' t e ent) fi%%ed it ritua% and ce%e0ration t at co
)e era% da"). T e" are not )!a%% affair) often it 4++-1+++ eo %e attendin' >!an" of
un*no n to t e 0ride and 'roo!?. T ou' !o)t !arria'e) are arran'ed )o!e cou %e) in ur0an
area) a e %o e !arria'e). T e true Indian eddin' i) a0out t o fa!i%ie) 'ettin' edded )ocia%
it !uc %e)) e! a)i) on t e indi idua%) in o% ed.
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Before t e 7eddin' da"J
Bari*) a>!eri)i*?
Bari*) a > ar-i*) a ro0a0%"? i) en t e 0rideF) arent) a e infor!a%%" ) o n
t at t e" ant a articu%ar 'roo! and t e 'roo! and i) fa!i%" a e a'reed. In t i) )ta'e )e era%
a) ect) need to 0e con)idered factor) )uc a) et nicit" )u0-et nic ca)te and re%i'ion. In addition
ot er factor) )uc a) econo!ic )tatu) and )ocia% )tatu) inc%ude a) ect) )uc a) a'e educati
%e e% t" e of or* et ic) and !ora%it" %oo*) and fa!i%" 0ac*'round i) a%)o i! ortan Often t e
infor!ation a) o0tained direct%" fro! t e artie) in o% ed and a%)o indirect%" t rou' frie
re%ati e). So!eti!e) t e !idd%e ca%%ed tiru!ana tara'aa*an a))i)t in t i) )ta'e. 3etractin' at t e
end of t i) )ta'e i) fro ned u on 0ut i) acce ta0%e. One of t e a)t a") t at India i) diffe
fro! t e e)tern or%d i) in t e cu)to! of arran'ed !arria'e).
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Prior to 'oin' to India a) a cu%tura% re)earc er I ad a rett" !a or !i)under)tandin' of
to ic of arran'ed !arria'e) and in fact ad a fair%" ne'ati e attitude re'ardin' arran'ed !arria'e).
=o e er one of t e !o)t i! ortant a) ect) of cu%tura% re)earc i) uttin' a)ide "our o n 0e
o inion) and reconcei ed idea) in order to )ee !ore c%ear%". T" ica%%" t e 0urd
arran'e!ent of t e !arria'e i) on t e arent). It i) t e fat erF) re) on)i0i%it" to c oo)e and !a*
t e arran'e!ent) for a u)0and for i) dau' ter. T i) re)ent) a 'reat dea% of re))ure for t
fat er and a 'reat dea% of ) a!e if e a) not arran'ed a !arria'e for i) dau' ter 0" a articu%
a'e. >T e o ti!a% a'e de end) on ariou) factor) )uc a) ca)te education %e e% etc.?
It !i' t )ee! %i*e an ea)" !atter for a fat er to arran'e t e !arria'e 0ut a %ot of factor) !u)t 0e
con)idered. or in)tance 'enera%%" ) ea*in' !arr"in' out)ide of oneF) o n ca)te i) fro ned u
)o t at %i!it) t e nu!0er of c oice). A%)o )ince t e !a orit" of Indian) are =indu and =
0e%ie e )tron'%" in a)tro%o'" t e er) ecti e cou %eF) oro)co e) !u)t 0e ana%" ed and
!atc edM or t e !arria'e cannot ta*e %ace. Additiona%%" t e fat er i%% ant to !a*e )u
dau' ter i) !arr"in' into a 'ood fa!i%" )o a %ot of in e)ti'ation need) to a en 0efore t
arran'e!ent) are !ade. T e entire i))ue of arran'in' a !arria'e i) one of t e 0i''e)t
re) on)i0i%itie) Indian arent) face. o)t Indian) fro n u on at t e" refer to a) M%o e !ar
o e !arria'e) do ta*e %ace in India 0ut often it out t e )u ort of friend) or fa!i%". And
!an" eo %e in India fee% t at %o e !arria'e) are doo!ed to fai%ure. T eir attitude i) not
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ure%" on re udice re'ardin' %o e !arria'e) 0ut in fact i) 0a)ed on a i' er di orce rate of
o)e !arria'e) ere not arran'ed 0" t e arent).
In !an" Indian =indu fa!i%ie) toda" tradition) and cu)to!) )ti%% %a" an i! ortant ro
%ife. Indian eddin') for in)tance con)i)t of !an" traditiona% cu)to!) and cere!onie) ic
0ride and 0ride'roo! and t eir fa!i%ie) a e to 'o t rou' 0efore and on t e actua% eddin' da"
4eri)i*
In t e ) " )ta'e )e era% a) ect) need to 0e addre))ed )uc a) et nicit" )u0-et nic ca)t
re%i'ion. In addition ot er factor) )uc a) econo!ic )tatu) and )ocia% )tatu) inc%ude a) ect) )
a) a'e education %e e% t" e of e! %o"!ent et ic) and !ora%it" a earance and
0ac*'round are a%)o ta*en into account. Often t i) infor!ation i) deri ed direct%" fro! t e artie)
in o% ed and a%)o indirect%" t rou' friend) and re%ati e). T ere are ti!e) en t e eart i)
ca%%ed tiru!ana tara'a i%% e% in t e or* of a ) ". But no t at ro%e a) 0een ta*en o er 0"
a'ent) of re'i)tered !arria'e) .
=o!e 2i)it) to Brida%
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T e 'roo! i%% i)it t e 0ride to )ee t e a earance and )tature candidate ife. T i) cu)to!
i) *no n a) a en aartta% or t e a%a" %an'ua'e ca%%ed i) ife to )ee t e otentia%. & en t e
re re)entati e of t e !an ) ou%d co!e in e en nu!0er i) an odd nu!0er and !ore.
ruit) and)
%i*e coconut 0ete% areca nut )anda% ood fruit) )ound) and *u!*u! o der i) ta* T e)e
'ood) ta*en a) a )i'n of t eir arri a% on 'ood fait and to )tren't en fa!i%" re%ation) i ). T e
o!an ou%d recei e if t e a'reed de%i er". If not t e" u)t treat eo %e o co!e a) 'ue)t) and
can not ta*e t e)e ite!). Pro) ecti e 0ride i%% ear a )ari and re) on)i0%e )er in' of dri
ater. At t at ti!e t e 'roo! ou%d 'et to )ee t e 0rideF) c%o)er. T erefore t e 0ride !u)t )er e
'ue)t) inc%uded t e ro) ecti e u)0and o i)it. T en reci rocated t e i)it 0" re re)entati e) of
o!en. T i) ti!e t e 0ride did not artici ate. In Indian )ociet" cu)to! en) aartta% a%)o to *no
t e 0ac*'round of t e 'roo!.
Stud" 4atc in' Brida%
Bride) cu)to! ada tation *no n a) T airu!ana! Porutta! Paarta% carried out in ad ance
in =indui)! t ere i) no conce t of di orce. T ere are 21 a) ect) to 0e ta*en into account to
deter!ine t e )uita0i%it" of t e 0ride) !ate di ination a" di!ana* =indu. A!on' ic i) )ti%%
racticed 0" t e =indu co!!unit" of Tina orutta! / Natcattira orutta! :ana
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orutta! 4a entira orutta! Pentii**a orutta!
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Pari)a!
T e cu)to! Pari)a! di ided into t o Pari)a! nor!a% or udan Pari)a! . Pari)a! co!!on
i) t e 'i in' of 'ift) carried out in ad ance of t e eddin' da" i%e udan Pari)a! i) t e 'i in' of
'ift) !ade on t e )a!e da" in t e !ornin' 0efore t e eddin' ta*e) %ace. In Indian )ociet"
Pari)a! %i*e an en'a'e!ent cere!on".T e cu)to! Pari)a! 'i in' i%% 0e e%d on t e da" t at a
0een a'reed 0" 0ot artie). T e 'roo! i%% ro ide )o!e t" e of de%i er" in odd nu!0er. e%i er"
) ou%d 0e ro ided 0" t e o!an o ad u)t !arried and t e" ca%%ed cu!an''a%i.
Pari)a! i%% 0e 0rou' t to t e 0rideF) ou)e %ed 0" t e 'roo! to ear traditiona%
)ociet". At t e )a!e ti!e traditiona% in)tru!ent) %i*e naata)a ara! and !ee%a! %a"ed. T e 0ride
i%% ro ide t e itc er *no n a) :u!0u! uurana %aced in t e %i in' roo!. Oi% %a! )
ca%%ed *uttu 2i%a**u %aced ne6t uurana :u!0u! a) indicatin' di ine fa or). To 0e'in t e cu)to!
ra"er) i%% 0e done fir)t. T en t e 0rideF) fat er ou%d 0rin' Pari)a! containin' e6tract and 'i en
to i) )on. At t e )a!e ti!e t e 0ride to rite )o!et in' 0" u)in' tur!eric a) )ee* 0%e))in') fro!
'od. On%" t en ere t e !en and in ite ot er) can )ee :u!0u! uurana c%o)er. urin' t e da"
t e 0ride earin' a )ari Pari)a! and %ed out 0" anot er o!an into t e %i in' roo!. At t i) ti!e
)o!e re%ati e) can !en'a%un'*an reat on t e 0ride. T i) i) *no n a) orrai-4aa%ai or )in'%e
'ar%and. E)cort) i%% 'i e out in itation) to 0ot 0ride and 'roo!. T ree i! ortant ritua% of i)itin'
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t e 0rideF) ou)e > en) aarta% ? cu)to! )a) ro!i)e > nicca"a! ? and 'ift 'i in' > Pari)a! ? i) a
cu)to! t at i) often done 0" t e Indian).
Before t e 7eddin' cere!on"
Before t e !arria'e ta*e) %ace t ere are )o!e i! ortant t in') t at need to 0e carried
out in ad ance inc%udin'J
In2itation ard
In itation card) %a" an i! ortant ro%e in Indian )ociet" eddin'. T e in itation a) !ade 0a)ed on
t e =indu a%!anac. If t ere are error) !eanin' t e !arria'e can not 0e carried out
)!oot %". In itation card) ere rinted ru00ed it tur!eric o der !e%t) a) a )"!0o% o
ar!on". Se era% in itation card) in odd nu!0er) i%% 0e 0rou' t to'et er to t e te! %e to
0rou' t > arccana i?. Card) are %aced on a tra" a%on' 0ete% !one" oi% nut) and )o on a) a )
of ea%t . T e cere!on" i) na!ed a) aana! aa*u . T en t e tra") are ta*en to t e o!e of t e
0ride to 0e 'i en to t e 0ride'roo! and ice er)a. At t e )a!e ti!e 0ete% nut i%% 0e 'i en a) a36 | P a g e
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to*en of for!a% eddin' in itation). re aration T aa%i > T ru!aan ' ' a%"a! ? T aa%i
ortBiru!aan'a%"a! i) a )acred )"!0o% of !arria'e orn around t e nec* of t e 0ride and
'roo!. At t e t aa%i c%u! tied ite t read) ru00ed it tur!eric.T ere are ariou) t" e) o
u)ed 0" t e Indian) a) %in'at t aa%i5 ottut t aa%i5 Tennant t aa%i and ot er). T i) i) 0ecau)e t ere
are !an" different tri0e) a!on' t e Indian). T aa%i cu)to! re aration i) done )e en or nine da")
0efore t e eddin' da". T e 0o") i%% 0rin' 'o%d )anda% ood *u!*u! 0ete% nut coc
a"!ent for t aa%i !a*er). T i) i) to en)ure t aa%i craft)!en *no t e ri' t da" to !a*e
t aa%i. T ree da") 0efore t e eddin' t aa%i i%% 0e ta*en and %aced on t e in)tructi
)"na'o'ue t aa%i !a*er). Brida% art" i) for0idden to offer a )er ice t at i) done 0" t
!anufacturer t aa%i.Su0)e8uent%" ra"er) done and i) na!ed a) t aa%i adai"a% . In t e cere!on"
) eet orrid'e and ) eet rice inc%ude d oti and )ari) for t e ne %" ed).Genera%%" not
t aa%i !ade of 'o%d. T i) i) 0ecau)e t aa%i )ti%% 0e !ade fro! tur!eric are )aid to 0e )afe and n
)to%en. 4u*uurtta :aa% cu)to! !ade fi e da") 0efore t e eddin' ta*e)
%ace. Cu)to! !u*uurtta *aa% e%d on a 'ood da" accordin' to t e Indian co!!unit" unc . To
run t e cu)to! t at a "oun' tree i%% 0e cut do n and )trai' t to 0e !u*urtta *aa% . T e tree)
!ea)urin' t o or t ree !eter) and a) a trun* circu!ference of 2+ to $+ centi!eter). Cu)to!ar"
e)ta0%i) !u*uurtta *aa% i) to !ar* t e !arria'e i%% ta*e %ace in t e o!e. Co!!on !ateria%)
)uc a) 0ete% nut *u! *u! tur!eric and )o on are a ai%a0%e. a!i%" !e!0er) of t e 0ride i%%
i! %ore t e ord to t e !arria'e can ta*e %ace it out interru tion. o') ta*en and c%eaned and
re!o ed i) )*in. i e !arried o!an ou%d a %"in' %i8uid tur!eric and *u!*u! on t e o%37 | P a g e
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fro! t e 0a)e to t e ti . T en t e end of t e )tic* tied it fi' %ea e) or !an'o red co%or
c%ot . &ood i%% 0e dri en into t e 'round a) dee a) a%f a !eter and a0o e !ateria%) i%
into t e o%e a) a )"!0o% of ea%t . T en t e ra"er i) done 0" t e 0ride and 'roo! a%on' it t e
fi e 'ir%). A tota% of nine t" e) of 'rain) )o n on ooden )tic*) and %it oi% %a! ). At t e )a!e ti!e
t e 0ride o ed to rotect t e en iron!ent a) a )"!0o% of friend) i it t e en iron!ent. ;)ua%%"
cu)to! 0ui%d !u*uurtta :AA % done in t e 'roo!F) ou)e.
&eddin' ere!on"
T iru!anan !ean) union or )acred 0ond t rou' !arria'e 0et een u)0and and ife t at
)ur i ed to t e end of %ife. T ere are t ree t" e) of !arria'e in Indian )ociet" Eaiti*at
T airu!ana! Ta!i% T airu!ana! and i"a T airu!ana! ic a !arria'e i) conducted i)
0a)ed on tri0a% a) ect.
T e eddin' cere!on" )tarted it t e cere!on" nicca"a! >tie ro!i)e? to 'i e a) 'ift)
and ot er a are%. In itation card ru00ed it tur!eric ater 0rou' t to t e te! %e in an od
nu!0er a) a )i'n of officia% eddin' in itation. Cere!onie) :an''ena! of %antin' a tree t at i)
)trai' t and ru00ed it tur!eric o der t ree da") 0efore t e !arria'e ta*e) %ace. T e 'roo! i)
not a%%o ed to 'o out for t ree da") 0efore t e eddin' da".
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T e eddin' cere!on" erfor!ed 0" Pedanda to ra" )o t at t e
0ride %i ed a i%" unti% o%d a'e. Pedanda i%% )o nine t" e) of 'rain)
after co! %etion of t e e ent earin' t e rin'. T e 'roo! ut on
t aa%i !ade of "arn end) ru00ed it tur!eric and tied it a iece
of tur!eric to t e 0ride to c e)t %e e%. T e 0ride and 'roo! a"
re) ect to t eir arent) or in-%a ) to c an'e t e fruit tra" and ) ee o%" du)t on t e fore
t e 0ride.
Bet een cu)to! !ade to re) ect and )ecure t e 0%e))in') inc%ude t e coconut it o%e on
our !i%* into it 'i in' 0ete% *i))in' t e feet of t e arent) > a) in' t e feet of t e aren
t e 'ift of a d oti >fat er-in-%a ? and )u0tit%e) > !ot er-in-%a ? and !one". ;)ua%%" t e 0ride and
'roo! i%% e6c an'e 'ar%and) t ree ti!e) and ) ared !i6ed drin* 0anana !i%* in a '%a)). T i)
cere!on" officia%%" !ar*ed t i) cou %e a) 0een !arried.
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So!e i! ortant factor) to 0e con)idered 0efore t e eddin' cere!on" a) e%d to 'ain a ine))
in %ife a!on' t e! %i*e a 'ood ti!e to 'et !arried !eanin' t aa%i 2a%atu ca% 'i in' ) eet) 'ift)
tri0ute to t e 'roo! t e )"!0o% of a 0anana tree eddin' 0an8uet and eddin' tent) de!o%ition
:o%e! and : u!0e! A%i u > araded i' t)?4in i >G%o2e) 4enF) 3in')?
Paa% >4i%* S7ee in'? 4in i >S eat 3in') ? Paa% >4i%* S7ee in
Ni*a cere!on" Pra"er a %" S ectrePaa% A0i)"'e!
>Parent) oot &a) ?
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Paa% A0i)"'e!
>Parent) oot &a) ?
4a%ei 4at e%
>E6c an'in' %o7er 4a%ei?
A"eer 4ant ere!
> uru Ni*a ?
Ott iane! >Acce))orie)? &eddin' ere!on" 'ift ) &eddin' ere!on" 'ift )
P a2itire! - T e er u%
>&earin' 3in' eaf?Poree >Burnin' In'redient)? Sa!ent i P utu
T a%i
> ain Of T read?
aa%e! arut e%
>4a*e) T ree 3ound?
Ta%%a a
>=ead e7e%r"?
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Gri a Pra2e) ere!on"
Gri a Pra e) cere!on" i) t e fir)t entr" into a ne %" 0ui%t ou)e. It i) one of t e i! ortantritua%) in India. It e en find) an i! ortant %ace in aa)tu S a)tra t e a)tro%o'ica%
arc itecture. Accordin' to t e 0oo* after t e ne ou)e i) co! %eted in a%% re) ect) an a
!o!ent i) deter!ined on a)tro%o'ica% con)ideration). To )tart %i in' t e entr" into t e ne
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on t i) au) iciou) da" i) ter!ed a) t e Gra a Pra e) ritua%
Accordin ' to t e =o%" Scri ture) t ere are t ree t" e) of Gri a Pra2
A oor2aJ A oor a !ean) ne . It )tate) t e fir)t entr" to %i e in a ne %" con)tructed ou)e
ne %" )e%ected %and.
Sa oor2aJ Sa oor a 'ri a ra e) )tate) t e entr" to %i e in an a%read" e6i)tin' ou)e a
tra e%in' a0road or !i'ration e%)e ere.
7and7a J and a or o%d Gri a Pra e) )tate) t e entr" to %i e in a ou)e after recon)tr
or reno ation on account of da!a'e 0" fire f%ood ater) e%ectricit" ind etc.
It i) %aid do n in t e )cri ture) t at t e Gra a Pra e) cere!on" ) ou%d ta*e %ac
au) iciou) ti!e i.e. !u urat and defect-%e)) Panc an'. or A oor a Gra a Pra e) )tic* to
au) iciou) ti!e and for Sa oor a and and a Gra a Pra e) t e urit" of Panc an' ) ou
'i en riorit". A) far a) o))i0%e Gra a Pra e) ) ou%d 0e erfor!ed durin' t e da" ti!e a)
con)idered au) iciou). Nor!a%%" it can 0e done at an" au) iciou) !o!ent in t e da" or ni'
Accordin' to aa)tu t e fir)t entr" into t e ou)e ) ou%d 0e done on%" after t e door) of
are fitted it ) utter) t e roof i) co ered t e God aa)tu a e 0een or) i ed and
)acrifice) and t e rie)t) a e 0een offered fea)t. ai%in' to a0ide 0" t i) one !a" face trou
and ro0%e!) in t e ne ou)e. T ere are a%)o )o!e ) ecific !ont ) for Gra a ra e) . T
au) iciou) !ont ) 'i e 'ood re)u%t) and t erefore ) ou%d 0e fo%%o ed.43 | P a g e
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a' !ont ro ide) 'ain of ea%t
a%'un !ont ro ide) 'ain of c i%dren and ea%t
Bai) a* !ont ro ide) 'ro t of ea%t and ro) erit"
e) t a !ont ro ide) 'ain of )on and catt%e.
Be)ide) t e)e Gra a ra e) in t e !ont ) of :arti* and ar'a) ir) roduce !ediu! re)u%t).
t e !ont ) of A) ad S ra an B adra ad A) in Pau) Gri a Pra e) i) con)idered in
and ) ou%d 0e a oided. A art fro! t i) t e tit ie) >date)? 4 ( 4 $+ A!a a) >no !oon
Tue)da") ) ou%d 0e a oided for Gra a Pra e) . Ot er t an t i) cere!on" t ere i) anot er r
Gra a ra e) t at ta*e) %ace in India t at i) di)cu))ed 0e%
Accordin' to Indian tradition after !arria'e t e arri a% of t e ne 0ride at er ne or !arita%
for t e fir)t ti!e i) a%)o ca%%ed a) t e Gra a Pra e) . & en t e 0ride arri e) at er ne
!ot er-in-%a e%co!e) er it t e traditiona% FAartiF. T i) i) done in order to ard
inf%uence) fro! er. After t i) t e 0ride *ic*) a e))e% fi%%ed it rice and coin). T i) )"
arri a% of ea%t and ro) erit" in er !arita% o!e.
It i) t en fo%%o ed 0" anot er ritua% erein t e 0ride ut) er ri' t foot onto a tra" *e
entrance of t e ou)e. T e tra" contain) er!i%ion o der !i6ed it ater or !i%*. S e co e
0ot t e feet in t e red a)te and enter) t e ou)e 0are feet !a*in' foot rint) on t e f%oor.
)"!0o%i e) t e arri a% of 'ood %uc* and fortune in t e ne ou)e. In India t e ne %" edd44 | P a g e
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con)idered a) a*) !i t e Godde)) of ea%t and ro) erit". ue to t i) t e Gra a ra e)
ne 0ride i) a er" au) iciou) cere!on".
After t e &eddin' ere!on"
T ere are )o!e cu)to! done 0" t e Indian) after t e )ide%ine) of a !arria'e. A!on' t e
0rideF) cu)to! 0ride i) re8uired to 'o to t e 'roo!F) ou)e in onour of er u)0and after t
confir!ed a) a !arried cou %e. T en t e 'roo! i) re8uired to 'o to t e 0rideF) ou)e for t ree
da"). At t at ti!e arent)-in-%a i%% onour t e 0ride and 'roo! it a ) ecia% !ea%. On t e t ird
da" after t e eddin' tent) u)ua%%" 0e de!o%i) ed. Before t e tent ca!e do n t e c ic*en) are
)%au' tered to !ar* t e ce))ation of t e !arria'e cere!on". But t e ractice i) no %on'er done at
re)ent. On%" %i' t refre) !ent) on%" 'i en to t o)e o tore do n a tent eddin'. 0an8uet e%d
after t e eddin' do not !i)) t e eddin' cere!on" erfor!ed. If !arria'e) erfor!ed in
te! %e) e'eta0%e) i%% 0e )er ed to t e 'ue)t). If t e 0an8uet e%d in t e a%% food ot er
e'eta0%e) )er ed e6ce t !eat 0ecau)e !eat i) for0idden in =indui)!. T e Ban8uet i%% 0e oine
0" re%ati e) and friend).
Pre-7eddin' ere!on"
T e fir)t )i'nificant re- eddin' cere!on" i) en t e t o fa!i%ie) !eet to confir! t e
ro o)ed !arria'e. It i) done in t e re)ence of e%der) and )o!eti!e) a rie)t. T en a fe da"45 | P a g e
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0efore t e eddin' t ere i%% 0e a 0an'%e-cere!on" ere t e fa!i%" of t e 0ride'roo! 'oe)
to t e 0rideF) o!e it 0an'%e) for t e 0ride. It i) a%)o no t at t e and) of t e 0rid
decorated 0" enna.
Ne6t i) t e )!e%tin' of 'o%d for t e t a%i ic i) t e endant t at i) one of t e !o)t re ered
)"!0o% of !arria'e >a%on' it t e red ottu ?. T i) i) erfor!ed a) c%o)e to t e eddin' da" a)
o))i0%e )ince t e 0ride and 'roo! traditiona%%" cannot !eet a'ain t ereafter unti% t e eddin
T e )!e%tin' i) erfor!ed 0" a 'o%d)!it . A )!a%% nu''et of 'o%d ro ided 0" t e 'roo! i) !e%te
and u)ed to for! art of t e t a%i . A fe da") %ater ra"er) are e%d at t e 0ride'roo!F) o!e it
t et a%i . A )i!i%ar enna-decoratin' cere!on" ta*e) %ace for t e 0ride'roo!.
&eddin' a" u)to!)
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On t e eddin' da" t e 'roo!F) re%ati e) i%% 'o to t e 0rideF) o!e and acco! an" er to t
te! %e. ean i%e t e 'roo! arri e) it t e 0e)t !an u)ua%%" t e 0rideF) 0rot er and fo
t ree !atron) eac carr"in' a tra". One tra" contain) t ree coconut) it t eir u)*) re!o ed.
& en t e 'roo! and 0e)t !an are )eated t e rie)t i%% 0e'in t e cere!on" it c antin' and
0%e))in'). At one )ta'e e i%% tie a iece of cord round t e 'roo!F) fin'er. A0out a%f an o
t e )tart of t e cere!on" t e 0ride arri e). T e nu tia% cou %e )it) on a 0enc in front of
%aced on t e f%oor are t o *ut u-2i%a**u or M%a! )M a cere!onia% fire and ariou) tra") contain
fruit) and f%o er). At one oint durin' t e cere!on" t e rie)t i%% tie a iece of cord aroun
0rideF) fin'er to 0rin' er into t e cere!on" and to unite er it t e 'roo!. T e )ari and t a%i ic
are 'i en to t e 0ride 0" t e 'roo! are 0%e))ed. T e 0ride t en %ea e) t e a%% to c an'e. a
)u'ar and )affron rice are anded round to a%% t e 'ue)t) durin' t e 0rideF) a0)ence. T e 'ar%a
t at t e cou %e i%% ear after ard) are a%)o )ent around to 0e 0%e))ed 0" t e 'ue)t).
& en t e 0ride return) in er ne )ari t e 'roo! tie) t e t a%i around er nec*. T e !u)ica%
in)tru!ent) it a cre)cendo and t e )affron rice i) t ro n at t e cou %e a) 0%e))in'). T e !arrie
cou %e t en e6c an'e 'ar%and). T e cou %e no a%*) round t e cere!onia% fire t ree ti!e
t ro in' a andfu% of 'rain) into t e fire at eac circ%in'. T i) *ee ) t e fire 0urnin' and i) )"!
of t e eterna% f%a!e of %o e. urin' t e circ%in' of t e fire t e 'roo! i%% %ace t e 0rid
)tone and )%i toe-rin') onto i) 0rideF) toe). T e rie)t t en a)*) t e 0ride to onour %o e
er u)0and.
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a%a")ian) are a )u er)titiou) %ot and t i) i) er" e ident acro)) a%% t e different co!!uniti
race) around. A!on' t e a%a")ian Indian) t ere a) 0een ractice) ic a e 0een a
do n t rou' 'eneration) ic if u)ed in toda" ) en iron!ent ou%d 0e dee!ed a) @o
fa) ioned . =a in' )aid t at t e" are )ti%% 0ein' racticed and ad ered to and t ere are )o!e
are ta*en er" )eriou)%" ic !i' t 0e offen)i e if "ou do not fo%%o t e!.
One of t e co!!on t in') not to do in u0%ic i) for cou %e) to o%d and). No if "ou are !a
t en it i%% 0e o*a" 0ut if "ou are u)t datin' o%din' and) in u0%ic et er or not it
Indian co!!unit" i) )o!eti!e) dee!ed ina ro riate. T i) i) due to an o%d tradition ere it i) no
a%%o ed in t e )ociet" )o t ere i) a% a") a fear of @ at if eo %e )ee u)H . Since o%d
dee!ed ina ro riate t en *i))in' and u''in' are tota%%" out of t e 8ue)tio
or Indian 'ir%) t e" are not encoura'ed to ear ) ort )*irt) or ) ort ant) in u0%ic. T i
co!!on in fact a!on' a%% cu%ture 0ut it i) re'arded to 0e 8uite a )eriou) ta0oo a!on' t e !ore
traditiona% fa!i%ie) 0ecau)e )uc fa) ion tend) to ro!ote ro!i)cuit".
T ere are an e)ti!ated 1.2 !i%%ion Indian) in a%a")ia. T e" are citi en) of a%a")ia a) t e
de)cendant) of t o)e o ca!e to t e countr" t rou' t e cour)e of i)tor" to e% it
de e%o !ent of t e countr". o)t of t o)e o ca!e t at ti!e ere at fir)t e! %o"ed a)
%a0orer) and t i) a) durin' t e Briti) co%oni ation of a%a"a t en. It a) at t i) ti!e t at t
a) a%)o 'o ernin' India and t ere a) a need of !an o er to e% out in a%a"a ) %antatio
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Indian co!!unit" ) ance)tor) ran'e fro! Sri an*a Ban'%ade) Pa*i)tan a) e%% a) t o)e
u)%i!) too.
T e Indian traditiona% :o%a!) are one of t e !o)t di)tin'ui) ed cu%ture of t e In
cu)to!). It i) co!!on%" u)ed to )"!0o%i e au) iciou)ne)) ic !ean) "ou i%% co!e acro))
t e! durin' t e 0i' and ce%e0rati e fe)ti a%) %i*e t e ee a a%i. Accordin' to t e 0e%ief)
and de)i'n are u)ed to ut in front of t e o!e to in ite Godde)) a*) !i into t e o!e to dri
a a" ne'ati e force).
T e :o%a!) are u)ua%%" !ade it rice f%our ic are d"ed it different co%or) and %a
f%oor in a ) ecific de)i'n. T e 'round need) to 0e f%at and are not e6 o)ed to rain )o t at it
re!ain) o for a certain eriod of ti!e. 3ice f%our i) u)ed t e)e da") 0ecau)e t e" !a*e food for
ant) and )!a%% in)ect) )o it i%% )%o %" 0e eaten a a" a%t ou' t e a!ount !i' t 0e too !u
t e!. Pre iou)%" 'round )tone o der ere u)ed it added rice f%our.
:o%a!) a) )ince 0eco!e a )tandard ractice in fe)ti a%) and one ou%d a%)o )ee t e!
eddin') and )uc . T ere are a fe !a or t" e) of *o%a!) t at inc%ude ine :o%a!) ic
u)ua%%" !ade free and ot :o%a!) *no n a) Pu%%i and C u i :o%a!) a!on' ot er).
unda!enta%%" Indian food i) *no n to 0e ) ic". So un%e)) one can ta*e ) ic" food
cui)ine !i' t not 0e t e 0e)t c oice of a !ea%. =o e er a in' )aid t at t e Indian co!!un
a) contri0uted tre!endou)%" to t e ariet" of a%a")ian food. In fact it i) )aid t at a
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traditiona% a%a" food ere inf%uenced 0" Indian cui)ine and in'redient). a!a* )ta%%) are
arce% of t e %i e) of a%a")ian) t rou' out t e countr" a) t e" are t e %ace) ere one
o t e cu%ture rea%%" i) %i*e. A!on' t e fa!ou) di) e) ere are t e @ a''i Goren' t e @
and t eir curr" re%ated !ea%).
T e Banana eaf rice i) a%)o one of t e co!!on fa ourite) a!on' a%a")ian) fro! a%% race). T
ere t e rice i) )er ed on to of a 0anana %eaf and t en one i) fed it a%% t" e) of ) i
acco! an"in' di) e) %i*e c ic*en curr" c ic*en rata 0eef curr" fi) and e'eta0%e). It i)
if one %i*e) t e food t ere t e" ) ou%d fo%d t e %eaf fro! t e to do n it !ean) t at t e
t e food and ou%d %o e to co!e for anot er i)it. If t e er)on fo%d) it fro! 0otto! u it
t at t e" did not en o" t e food and ou%d !o)t %i*e%" not return in t e future.
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Namaskar
Namaste
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T e !o)t o u%ar for! of 'reetin' e) ecia%%" t e e%der) i) to )a" Na!a)te it t e and) o
t e c e)t %e e%. It i) a%)o u)ed at t e ti!e of fare e%%.
Na!a)te
T e !o!ent "ou )te into Indian ou)e in a%% ro0a0i%it" t e fir)t ord "ou i%%
i%% 0e Na!a)teQ Na!a)te a%)o )aid a) Na!a)*ar 0" t e nati e) i) a traditiona% Indian
'reetin' or artin' ra)e a) e%% a) a 'e)ture. eri ed fro! t e San)*rit %an'ua'e t e %
definition/!eanin' of t e ord Na!a)te i) MI 0o to "ouM. If "ou ant to di' dee er to *no
doe) Na!a)te !ean "ou can it 0rea* u into t o San)*rit ord) - Na!a) >!eanin' - to 0o ? and
Te >!eanin' - to "ou?. T u) it) rea% connotation i) FI 0o to "ou out of re) ectF.
Na!a)te a en) to 0e 0ot a for!a% and an infor!a% for! of 'reetin' in India and "ou
can )a" t i) to an"one irre) ecti e of a'e. Nor!a%%" en "ou )a" Na!a)*ar to an"0od" "
re)) 0ot "our a%!) to'et er it a%% t e fin'er) ointin' u ard) in front of "our c e)t.
)a!e ti!e "ou a%)o 0o "our ead )%i' t%" %oo*in' at t e er)on "ou are )a"in' Na!a)te to.
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if "ou )i! %" erfor! t e Na!a)te 'e)ture it "our and) it out actua%%" )a"in' t e ord i
!ean t e )a!e t in'. T ou' )a"in' Na!a)te to ot er) in dai%" %i e) i) a art of t e Indi
rotoco% "et !an" 0e%ie e it a%)o a) re%i'iou) / ) iritua% connotation. Accordin' to t
t ou' t en "ou 'reet Na!a)te "ou actua%%" )ee* to reco'ni e a co!!on di init" it in
ot er er)on. Intere)tin'%" Na!a)te can 0e )aid in different a") de endin' crucia%%"
er)on "ou are )a"in' it to. or in)tance en "ou 'reet "our friend or eer t e traditiona%
Na!a)te i%% )uffice.
On t e ot er and en itF) a er)on 'reetin' Na!a)te to anot er er)on of a i'
)tatu) t i) 'e)ture i%% 'et inten)ified. To indicate 'enuine and dee re) ect for t e ot er
"ou %ace t e and) in front of t e fore ead. & erea) "ou a e to a" re erence to God o
er)on t en t i) fee%in' can 0e tran)!itted t rou' t e Na!a)te 'e)ture 0" o%din' / %acin'
re))ed and) a0o e t e ead. So!e nati e) ro)trate on t e 'round in t i) o)ture to ) o t
dee re) ect and %o e to God.
T e )"!0o%i)! of t e t o a%!) touc in' eac ot er i) of 'reat )i'nificance. It i) t e oin
to'et er of t o e6tre!itie) - t e feet of t e i ine it t e ead of t e de otee.
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0ein' a o%ite 'e)ture of %o e and re) ect can 0e )aid to an"0od". But traditiona%%" itF
'e)ture and eo %e of t i) co!!unit" 'reet eac ot er t i) a" on%".
& " do t e" do na!a)t H
Indian) 'reet eac ot er it na!a)t >na-!a)-t ?. T e t o a%!) are %aced to'et er in front o
t e c e)t and t e ead 0o ) i%)t )a"in' t e ord na!a)t . T i) 'reetin' i) for a%% eo %e "oun'e
t an u) of our o n a'e t o)e o%der t an u) friend) and e en )tran'er).
T ere are fi e for!) of for!a% traditiona% 'reetin' en oined in t e ) aa)tra) of ic na!a)*ar
i) one. T i) i) under)tood a) ro)tration 0ut it actua%%" refer) to a"in' o!a'e a) e do tod
en e 'reet eac ot er it a na!a)t .
Na!a)t cou%d 0e u)t a ca)ua% or for!a% 'reetin' a cu%tura% con ention or an act of
=o e er t ere i) !uc !ore to it t an !eet) t e e"e. In San)*rit na!a R te na!a)t . It !ean)
I 0o to "ou !" 'reetin') )a%utation) or ro)tration to "ou. Na!a a can a%)o 0e %itera%%" inte
a) Mna !aM >not !ine?. It a) a ) iritua% )i'nificance of ne'atin' or reducin' one ) e'o in
re)ence of anot er.
T e rea% !eetin' 0et een eo %e i) t e !eetin' of t eir !ind). & en e 'reet anot er e do
it na!a)t ic !ean) M!a" our !ind) !eet M indicated 0" t e fo%ded a%!) %aced 0
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t e c e)t. T e 0o in' do n of t e ead i) a 'raciou) for! of e6tendin' friend) i in %o e
u!i%it".
T e ) iritua% !eanin' i) e en dee er. T e %ife force t e di init" t e Se%f or t e ord
)a!e in a%%. 3eco'ni)in' t i) onene)) it t e !eetin' of t e a%!) e )a%ute it ead 0o e
i init" in t e er)on e !eet. T at i) " )o!eti!e) e c%o)e our e"e) a) e do na!a)t to a
re ered er)on or t e ord a) if to %oo* it in. T e 'e)ture i) often acco! anied 0" ord) %i*
3a!M M ai S ri :ri) naM MNa!o Nara"anaM M ai Si"a 3a!M MO! S antiM et
reco'nition of t i) di init".
& en e *no t i) )i'nificance our 'reetin' doe) not re!ain u)t a )u erficia% 'e)ture or ord
a e) t e a" for a dee er co!!union it anot er in an at!o) ere of %o e and re) ect.
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LightingLamp/Diya
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In a%!o)t e er" Indian ou)e o%d a %a! /di"a i) %i' ted 0efore t e a%tar of G
!ornin'. So!e eo %e %i' t t e %a! in e enin' a%)o. A i"a di2aa dee a dee a!
or dee a* i) an oi% %a! u)ua%%" !ade fro! c%a" it a cotton ic* di ed in ' ee or e'eta0%e
oi%).
C%a" di"a) are often u)ed te! orari%" a) %i' tin' for ) ecia% occa)ion) i%e di"a)
of 0ra)) are er!anent fi6ture) in o!e) and te! %e). i"a) are nati e to India and are often
u)ed in =indu Si* ain and 9oroa)trian re%i'iou) fe)ti a%) )uc a) i a%iK1L or t e :u) ti cere!on".
A )i!i%ar %a! ca%%ed a 0utter %a! i) u)ed in Ti0etan Budd i)t offerin') a) e%%.
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_lamphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cottonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Candle_wickhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gheehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vegetable_fats_and_oilshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vegetable_fats_and_oilshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brasshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikhismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jainismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoroastrianhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diwalihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diwalihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diya_(light)#cite_note-zeenews-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kushtihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butter_lamphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_lamphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cottonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Candle_wickhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gheehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vegetable_fats_and_oilshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vegetable_fats_and_oilshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brasshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikhismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jainismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoroastrianhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diwalihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diya_(light)#cite_note-zeenews-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kushtihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butter_lamphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhist8/12/2019 Indians in Malaysia 2
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ProstratingBefore
Parents andlders
Indian) ro)trate 0efore t eir arent) e%der) and teac er) 0" touc in' t eir feet. T e e%der
%ace t eir and on ro)tratin' er)onF) ead and 0%e)) i!/ er.
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& " do t e" ro)trate 0efore arent) and e%der)H
Indian) ro)trate 0efore t eir arent) e%der) teac er) and no0%e )ou%) 0" touc
feet. T e e%der in turn 0%e))e) u) 0" %acin' i) or er and on or o er our ead). Pro)tratio
dai%" en e !eet e%der) and articu%ar%" on i! ortant occa)ion) %i*e t e 0e'innin' of a n
0irt da") fe)ti a%) etc. In certain traditiona% circ%e) ro)tration i) acco! anied 0" a0
ic )er e) to introduce one-)e%f announce one ) fa!i%" and )ocia% )tature.
an )tand) on i) feet. Touc in' t e feet in ro)tration i) a )i'n of re) ect for t e a'e !aturit
no0i%it" and di init" t at our e%der) er)onif". It )"!0o%i e) our reco'nition of t eir )e%f%
u) and t e )acrifice) t at t e" a e done for our e%fare. It i) a a" of u!0%" ac*no %ed'i
'reatne)) of anot er. T i) tradition ref%ect) t e )tron' fa!i%" tie) ic a) 0een one of In
endurin' )tren't ).
T e 'ood i) e) >San*a% a? and 0%e))in') >aa) ir aada? of e%der) are i' %" a%ued
ro)trate to )ee* t e!. Good t ou' t) create o)iti e i0ration). Good i) e) ) rin'in' fro! a
eart fu%% of %o e di init" and no0i%it" a e a tre!endou) )tren't . & en e ro)trate
and re) ect e in o*e t e 'ood i) e) and 0%e))in') of e%der) ic f%o in t e for! of
ener'" to en e%o u). T i) i) " t e o)ture a))u!ed et er it i) in t e )tandin' or ro
o)ition ena0%e) t e entire 0od" to recei e t e ener'" t u) recei ed.
T e different for!) of ) o in' re) ect are Pratut ana ri)in' to e%co!e a er)on.
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Na!a)*aara a"in' o!a'e in t e for! of na!a)t >)ee a0o e?.
; a)an'ra an touc in' t e feet of e%der) or teac er).
S aa) taan'a ro)tratin' fu%%" it t e feet *nee) )to!ac c e)t fore ead and ar!) tou
t e 'round in front of t e e%der.
Prat"a0i aadana returnin' a 'reetin'.
3u%e) are re)cri0ed in our )cri ture) a) to o ) ou%d ro)trate to o!. &ea%t fa!i%" na
!ora% )tren't and ) iritua% *no %ed'e in a)cendin' order of i! ortance 8ua%ified !en to rec
re) ect. T i) i) " a *in' t ou' t e ru%er of t e %and ou%d ro)trate 0efore a ) iritua
E ic) %i*e t e 3a!a"ana and a a0 arata a e !an" )torie) i' %i' tin' t i) a) ect.
Touc in' eet
T o)e o do not *no !uc a0out t e Indian cu%ture and tradition 'et er" 0aff%ed en t
c i%dren in India touc in' t e feet of t eir e%der). T i) i) infact t e co!!one)t Indian 'e)t
touc in' )o!eoneF) feet !ean) t e er)on o i) doin' t e act i) ) o in' i) re) ect and
)u0)er ience to t e one o)e feet e/) e i) touc in'. =o e er one i! ortant a) ect re%ate
t i) 'e)ture i) t at t e er)onF) o)e feet i) 0ein' touc ed i) a% a") )u erior in a'e and o)itio
Touc in' e%der)F feet i) t e fir)t %e))on in !anner) and eti8uette t at a%% Indian c i%
tau' t. So 'enera%%" one i) )u o)ed to touc t e feet of a er)on if e/) e a en) to
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e%der !e!0er of t e fa!i%" or a re) ected ) iritua% er)on. Since Indian) nor!a%%" %i e
fa!i%ie) t i) 'e)ture i) erfor!ed 0" t e )on) and dau' ter-in-%a ) for t eir arent) and 'ra
arent). T ou' er" "oun' c i%dren are 'uided 0" t eir arent) to %earn t i) 'e)ture
co! arati e%" e%der one) are e6 ected to do it ) ontaneou)%".
In Indian cu%ture t ere are ) ecific occa)ion) en a er)on i) e6 ected to touc i
e%der)F feet. T e)e occa)ion) inc%ude 0efore one i) de artin' for or arri in' 0ac* fro! a o
eddin') re%i'iou) and fe)ti e occa)ion) etc. In ear%ier ti!e) it a) a %i*e a cu)to! in In
"oun')ter) to touc t eir arent)F feet fir)t t in' in t e !ornin' and 0efore 'oin' to 0ed. T ou'
t ere are !an" o )ti%% fo%%o t i) ru%e t e trut i) t at t e tradition i) no )%o %"
ti!e.
& en an e%der er)onF) feet are 0ein' touc ed e /) e in turn i) )u o)ed to to
ead of t e er)on doin' t e act and 0%e)) i! / er for %on' %ife fortune and ro)
Intere)tin'%" t e act of touc in' feet 'et) )o!e at inten)ified durin' certain occa)ion).
in)tance !an" eo %e refer ro)tratin' 0efore t e deitie) in te! %e) or 0efore er)on) of
ran* ) iritua%%" and e en o%itica%%". Touc in' t e feet i) an inte'ra% art of t e India
tradition and not ad erin' to it 0" nati e) i) con)idered a) di)re) ectfu%.
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ife)t"%e
Pun a0i arat i Bi ari Ben'a%i A))a!e)e Ne a%
:a) !iri . T ou' India con)i)t) of di er)e et nic race) and
'rou ) and eac of t e! )trict%" ad ere to t eir o n )et of
cu)to!) and tradition "et t ere i) a co!!on %ife)t"%e attern
fo%%o ed 0" a%!o)t a%% t e Indian). T i) de) ite t e fact t at t ere i) )o !uc ariat
%an'ua'e dre))in' )t"%e and cu)to!Q 3ead on to *no a0out t e %ife of eo %e in t e coun
at trait) ut t e! to'et er under t e 0rand FIndiaFJ
oint a!i%" S")te!
A !a orit" of t e eo %e in India refer to %i e in a oint fa!i%" ic cou%d co! ri0et een a 'rou of t o or !ore !e!0er) to e en o er 2+ !e!0er) )o!eti!e). A) er t e Indian
a" of %i in' t e co!!andin' o)ition in a fa!i%" i) e%d 0" t e e%de)t earnin' !a%e !e!0er.
con)u%t) ot er adu%t !e!0er) on i! ortant i))ue) 0ut it i) i) deci)ion t at u%ti!ate%" re
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=o e er a %ot of i! ortance i) a%)o 'i en to t e ad ice of t e e%de)t retired !e!0er) o
fa!i%".
&o!en a) =o!e!a*er
A) er t e %ife)t"%e of t e Indian eo %e it i) t e dut" of a o!an to ta*e care of er o!e.
fro! er er" c i%d ood a 'ir% c i%d i) tau' t to ru)t%e u !out - aterin' di) e) 0" er !ot
ot er %adie) in er fa!i%". S e i) a%)o tau' t to attend to 'ue)t) and )tran'er) o%ite%" and e%
0ecau)e it i) t ou' t to 'reat%" ref%ect u on er u 0rin'in'. =er) i) a 2467 o0 "et ) e !ana'e
e6ecute it )!oot %" and i) re) ected for t i) 8ua%it".
&or) i in'
&or) i in' i) an i! ortant art of t e dai%" %ife of Indian eo %e.
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un)aid ru%e in India t at a er)on cannot an) er 0ac* to e%der) and !ore )o en e/) e
fau%t. It i) dee!ed di)re) ectfu% in India to refer to an e%der 0" i) / er na!e. In)tead eo %
ca%%in' t e! unc%e and aunt e) ecia%%" if t e er)on i) er" e%der%". It i) a%)o cu)to!a
t e "oun')ter) to touc t e feet of t eir e%der) a) a a" of 'reetin' a) e%% a) on i! orta
occa)ion).
Eti8uette)
India i) a i0rant a!a%'a!ation of aried et nic 'rou ) c%i!ate cu%ture) re'ion) and traditio
)uc !an" eo %e i)itin' t e countr" for t e fir)t ti!e find it uni8ue%" different. On one and
i%% find !an" con)er ati e%" dre))ed Indian o!en f%oc*in' t e te! %e entrance. On t e ot
t ere are ot er) o a e no 8ua%!) a%*in' t e fa) ion ra! in t e )*i! ie)t of c%ot e). &
t ere are !i%%ion) of i%%iterate) in t e Indian )u0continent t ere are a%)o t o)e o are t
force 0e ind t e 0oo!in' IT indu)tr" in India. In order to a oid !a*in' an" unintentiona% fau6 a
read t e 0e%o !entioned )ocia% and cu%tura% eti8uette) t at are in tune it t e 'enera% In
!anner) and rotoco%.
re))in' Eti8uette
a orit" of t e Indian) e) ecia%%" in t e rura% area) )!a%% to n) and citie) are a con)er
S ort re ea%in' c%ot e) e) ecia%%" for o!en i) a )trict no-no. A) )uc itF) e6 ected o
u accordin'%" en "ou 'o out for )i' t-)eein'.
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%on' or 8uarter %en't )*irt) ca ri) and ean). =o e er en in)ide "our ote% roo!) or at
re)taurant) 0ar) and di)co) "ou can dre)) in a !ore re%a6ed !anner it out orr"in' !uc
a0out t e dre))in' code).
S oe)
Indian te! %e eti8uette )ti u%ate) t at "ou ta*e off "our ) oe) 0efore enterin' t e re!i)e). T e
)a!e a %ie) to e en certain c urc e) in India. ;)ua%%" t ere i%% 0e eo %e )tationed o
te! %e) and 'urd ara) o i%% *ee "our ) oe) )afe%" for a no!ina% )u!.
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eo %e o en%". T e nati e) are 0ound to ta*e 'reat offence to it. At t e )a!e ti!e ne er addr
t e e%der%" 0" t eir fir)t na!e un%e)) t e" a%%o "ou to. ItF) ad i)a0%e "ou ca%% t e! )i
in)tead. &it "oun')ter) "ou can c oo)e to 0e infor!a%. It i) a%)o con)idered di)re) ectfu% in
to u)e )tron' ) ear ord) u0%ic%".
aneu ere!on"
aneu i) a con)ecrated t read t at i) orn 0" eac and e er" =indu Bra !in of India. T i)
t read of F aneoF )u''e)t) t e de e%o !ent of a !a%e fro! a "oun' 0o" to a !an. It i) 0e%ie
t at a 0o" cannot 0e )ur!i)ed a) M i aM >t ice 0orn? unti% e ear) t e aneu. Be)ide) t e
aneo t read i) a%)o orn 0" t e :) atri"a) and ai) "a). T e t" e of aneu i) different for dif
ca)te 'rou ) or )ect) of eo %e of t e Indian )u0continent.
One i) Bra !'and aneu > it 5 *not) or $ *not)? ic i) !eant for Bra !in) and t e ot
i) nu'and aneu > it one *not? !eant for ot er c%a))e). In ca)e a Bra !in de)ire) to 0ec
)c o%ar%" in t e eda) e !u)t ear aneu at 5 "ear) of a'e. If a :) atri"a de)ire) to 'ain )tren
e ) ou%d ear aneo at , and if a ai) "a de)ire) for )ucce)) e !u)t ear t e aneu at # "e
of a'e. aneu i) 'enera%%" !ade of cotton t readD o e er :) atri"a and ai) "a ear t r
!ade out of e! en and oo% re) ecti e%".
aneu >T read? ere!on"
Bra !in) ce%e0rate t e de e%o !ent of a 0o" t rou' M; ana"ana! Sa!)*araM >)acr
t read cere!on"?. T e cere!on" i) 'enera%%" o0)er ed 0et een t e a'e) of )e en and fourteen.
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ca)e t e cere!on" cou%d not ta*e %ace due to an" rea)on a%% t rou' t i) a'e eriod t
re8uired to 0e done 0efore t e !arria'e. T e ur o)e of t read cere!on" i) to re are a "oun'
!an to ) are t e re) on)i0i%itie) of e%der). T e t read i) orn 0" t e !an in t e co! an" o
'rou c ant of FGa"atriF !antra. T e t read i) t i)ted in u ard direction to !a*e certain
FSatt a'unaF >'ood 8ua%it" of trut ? re ai%). T e cere!on" a%)o )u''e)t) t at t e earer of
can artici ate in t e fa!i%" ritua%) fro! no on ard).
aneu i) a con)ecrated t read t at i) orn 0" eac and e er" =indu Bra !in of India. T i)
t read of F aneoF )u''e)t) t e de e%o !ent of a !a%e fro! a "oun' 0o" to a !an. It i) 0e%ie
t at a 0o" cannot 0e )ur!i)ed a) M i aM >t ice 0orn? unti% e ear) t e aneu. Be)ide) t e
aneo t read i) a%)o orn 0" t e :) atri"a) and ai) "a). T e t" e of aneu i) different for dif
ca)te 'rou ) or )ect) of eo %e of t e Indian )u0continent.
One i) Bra !'and aneu > it 5 *not) or $ *not)? ic i) !eant for Bra !in) and t e ot
i) nu'and aneu > it one *not? !eant for ot er c%a))e). In ca)e a Bra !in de)ire) to 0ec
)c o%ar%" in t e eda) e !u)t ear aneu at 5 "ear) of a'e. If a :) atri"a de)ire) to 'ain )tren
e ) ou%d ear aneo at , and if a ai) "a de)ire) for )ucce)) e !u)t ear t e aneu at # "e
of a'e. aneu i) 'enera%%" !ade of cotton t readD o e er :) atri"a and ai) "a ear t r
!ade out of e! en and oo% re) ecti e%".
aneu >T read? ere!on"
Bra !in) ce%e0rate t e de e%o !ent of a 0o" t rou' M; ana"ana! Sa!)*araM >)acre
t read cere!on"?. T e cere!on" i) 'enera%%" o0)er ed 0et een t e a'e) of )e en and fourteen.69 | P a g e
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ca)e t e cere!on" cou%d not ta*e %ace due to an" rea)on a%% t rou' t i) a'e eriod t
re8uired to 0e done 0efore t e !arria'e. T e ur o)e of t read cere!on" i) to re are a "oun'
!an to ) are t e re) on)i0i%itie) of e%der). T e t read i) orn 0" t e !an in t e co! an" o
'rou c ant of FGa"atriF !antra. T e t read i) t i)ted in u ard direction to !a*e certain
FSatt a'unaF >'ood 8ua%it" of trut ? re ai%). T e cere!on" a%)o )u''e)t) t at t e earer of
can artici ate in t e fa!i%" ritua%) fro! no on ard).
Si'nificance of t ree )trand) in aneu
Bra !in) u)e F aneuF t read it t ree )trand). T e)e t ree )trand) of F aneoF a e
)tudied !an" a ti!e) and different er)ona%itie) 'a e )e era% o inion) re'ardin' t i) tradition.
)o!e eo %e t e t ree )trand) )tand for t e =indu Trinit" of Bra !a i) nu and a e) .
inter reted it a) )"!0o%ica% of a a)ara) ati a a%a*) !i and a a*a%i. an" eo %e 0e%
0e re%ated it a)t re)ent and future.
A nu!0er of er)on) )tated it to 0e re re)entati e of t ree 8ua%itie) - )att a ra a) and ta!
fe con)idered t e t ree )trand) a) )i'n of t ree )tate)- a*efu%ne)) drea! and dee )%ee . So
of t e! !entioned it to )i'nif" t ree di!en)ion) of =ea en >) ar'a? Eart >!rit"u%o*a? and Net
3e'ion) > ata%o*a?. Out of a%% o inion) t e !o)t %o'ica% i) aneuF) account it Ida
)u)u!na nadi t rou' ic t e F*unda%iniF > idden? ener'" re ea%) in F ranaF and rea%i
=o7 to 7ear aneu at different occa)ion)
aneu i) a not an ordinar" t read it) )anctit" i) re'arded to 'et di)tur0ed if it i) not orn ro
=ere are 'i en different !et od) to ear aneu at different occa)ion).70 | P a g e
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To attend or erfor! an" au) iciou) cere!on" one ) ou%d ear F aneuF an'in' fro! t
%eft ) ou%der >; a iti?.
or attendin' or erfor!in' inau) iciou) e ent one ) ou%d ear F aneuF an'in' fro!
ri' t ) ou%der >Prac na iti?.
In ca)e t e er)on ear) F aneuF round t e nec* %i*e a 'ar%and t en e i) ca%%ed
& i%e 'oin' for dai%" a0%ution) or doin' i! ure ta)*) t e o%" t read !u)t 0e rai)ed a
u er art ou' t to 0e ut 0e ind ear.
a%e) and fe!a%e) 0ot can ear F aneuF "et fe!a%e) ) ou%d ear it around t e nec
o%%o in' a 0irt or deat in t e fa!i%" F aneuF ) ou%d 0e re!o ed and a'ain a ne
ou' t to 0e orn after 15 da") of e ent.
One !u)t re %ace t e o%d or 0ro*en t read it a ne t read.
Si'nificance of t ree )trand) in aneu
Bra !in) u)e F aneuF t read it t ree )trand). T e)e t ree )trand) of F aneoF a e
)tudied !an" a ti!e) and different er)ona%itie) 'a e )e era% o inion) re'ardin' t i) tradition.
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)o!e eo %e t e t ree )trand) )tand for t e =indu Trinit" of Bra !a i) nu and a e) . O
inter reted it a) )"!0o%ica% of a a)ara) ati a a%a*) !i and a a*a%i. an" eo %e 0
to 0e re%ated it a)t re)ent and future.
A nu!0er of er)on) )tated it to 0e re re)entati e of t ree 8ua%itie) - )att a ra a) and ta!a
fe con)idered t e t ree )trand) a) )i'n of t ree )tate)- a*efu%ne)) drea! and dee )%ee
So!e of t e! !entioned it to )i'nif" t ree di!en)ion) of =ea en >) ar'a? Eart >!rit"u%o*a? an
Net er 3e'ion) > ata%o*a?. Out of a%% o inion) t e !o)t %o'ica% i) aneuF) account it
and )u)u!na nadi t rou' ic t e F*unda%iniF > idden? ener'" re ea%) in F ranaF and re
=o7 to 7ear aneu at different occa)ion)
aneu i) a not an ordinar" t read it) )anctit" i) re'arded to 'et di)tur0ed if it i) not or
ro er%". =ere are 'i en different !et od) to ear aneu at different occa)ion).
To attend or erfor! an" au) iciou) cere!on" one ) ou%d ear F aneuF an'in' fro! t
%eft ) ou%der >; a iti?.
or attendin' or erfor!in' inau) iciou) e ent one ) ou%d ear F aneuF an'in' fro! t
ri' t ) ou%der >Prac na iti?.
In ca)e t e er)on ear) F aneuF round t e nec* %i*e a 'ar%and t en e i) ca%%ed
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& i%e 'oin' for dai%" a0%ution) or doin' i! ure ta)*) t e o%" t read !u)t 0e rai)ed a
u er art ou' t to 0e ut 0e ind ear.
a%e) and fe!a%e) 0ot can ear F aneuF "et fe!a%e) ) ou%d ear it around t e nec
o%%o in' a 0irt or deat in t e fa!i%" F aneuF ) ou%d 0e re!o ed and a'ain a ne
ou' t to 0e orn after 15 da") of e ent.
One !u)t re %ace t e o%d or 0ro*en t read it a ne t read.
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Beliefs and!uperstition
sT e Indian )ociet" i) fa)t ro're))in' t ere are !an" eo %e o are )ti%% )u er)titio
a e a )tron' fait in t e %oca% 0e%ief). & i%e )o!e of t e! are 8uite i%ariou) fe ot er
intere)tin' a) !an" a) ect) of %ife are %in*ed to t e!. e 0e%ief) e en find t eir a" in
Indian re%i'iou) te6t) and )cri ture).
T e )tandard ie oint i) t at !o)t of t e Indian 0e%ief) and a%ue) a e ) run' i
o0 ecti e to rotect fro! e i% ) irit) 0ut )o!e ere 0a)ed on )cientific rea)onin'. &it t e a
of ti!e t e rea)onin' art 0e ind t e ori'in of t e)e cu%tura% 0e%ief) and )u er)tition) 'ot e
T at i) e6act%" " !o)t of t e)e 0e%ief) a ear un)u0)tantiated and fa%)e. =o e er in rea%
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are !an" )uc 0e%ief) in t e Indian) cu%ture ic are a0)o%ute%" a0)urd and a e no %o'
t e!.
Su er)tition) are dee!ed a) ertinent in India 0ecau)e t e)e 'enera%%" int at f
occurrence) and can 0e eit er 'ood or 0ad. T u) an"t in' fro! t e ca%% of a 0ird to t e fa%
uten)i%) i) con)idered an o!en in India. an" of t e traditiona% )u er)tition) in India are conn
it ani!a%) 0ird) and re ti%e). or in)tance )eein' an e%e ant en one i) %ea in' for a
con)idered %uc*". T i) i) 0ecau)e an e%e ant re re)ent) ord Gane) a t e Indian God
ar0in'er of 'ood %uc* and re!o e) o0)tac%e).
Si!i%ar%" ot er au) iciou) )i'n) cou%d 0e ca in' of a 0%ac* cro in oneF) ou
foreca)t) t e arri a% of 'ue)t). Seein' a eacoc* on a ourne" i) a%)o con)idered %uc*" 0ut
it) ) ri%% )ound i) 0ad. Indian) fee% a " if a ) arro 0ui%d) a ne)t in a ne ou)e 0e
)i'na%) 'ood fortune. A er" o%d 0e%ief i) t at if "ou *i%% a cat "ou a e to offer one
rie)t. T i) 0e%ief or )u er)tition a) concocted 0" t e rie)t) to rotect t e cat) ic are
*i%%in' t e rat) in eo %eF) ou)e).
ea in' oneF) o!e after eddin' or for )o!e ot er i! ortant ta)* i) a )i'nificant
occa)ion. T u) Indian) often con)u%t a)tro%o'ica% c art) to fi6 an au) iciou) ti!e for t i). A
con)idered %uc*" to )ee cerea%) add" cotton a" or a ne %" ed 0efore e!0ar*in' on a
In India "ou !a" a%)o co!e acro)) or ear a0out eo %e o e% in inter retin' ot erF) d
E en t e dai%" %ife of Indian) i) 'o erned 0" 0e%ief) and )u er)tition). or e6a! %e onda
au) iciou) da" for ) a in' and T ur)da" i) a 0ad da" for a) in' oneF) air.76 | P a g e
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Ne er *ee "our ead to ard nort i%e )%ee in' *ee to ard) )out or ea)t on%" for eac
re)tfu% )%ee ea%t " %ife.
1. o not roceed if a cat cut) acro)) "our a"
2. If t ere i) itic in' on t e ri' t a%! >%eft for fe!a%e? "ou can 'et )o!e !one" or fa our).
$. ;nu)ua% in*in' of e"e) i) a )"! to! of i%% %uc* or decea)e.
4. If a %i ard !a*e) a )ound en "ou !a*e a )tate!ent it ) o ) t at at "ou )aid i) true.
5. Tue)da") are inau) eciou) for an" 'ood t in'
,. T ere are t o !ont ) in a "ear ic are inau)c eciou)
7. &atc in' !oon on Gane) C aturt i da" i) inau) eciou)
#. Stitc in' c%ot after )un )et i) a 0ad ractice
(. Ne er )%ee it ead to t e nort
1+. S e%% "our na!e accordin' to nu!ero%o'ica%%" au) eciou) a". e'. a"a%a%it a a) a"a
11. Ne er ca%% one 0ac* en t e er)on i) %ea in' t e ou)e.
12. Ne er a) t e front cour"ard i!!ediate%" after )o!eone %ea e) t e ou)e.
1$. Not to cut nai%) at ni' t/e enin'
14. If a cat cro))e) t e at ait for a i%e and t en !o e a ead a) a cat cuttin' one) at i)
0ad o!en
15. & en a cro cro ) at )o!e one) indo it announce) t e arri a% of 'ue)t)
1,. If a cat i) eard cr"in' it) a 0ad o!en
17. If !i%* ) i%%) i%e 0oi%in' it) 0ad o!en77 | P a g e
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1#. At ti!e) t ere i) f%utterin' of e"e). >it a en) to a %ot of eo %e? e en t at indicate) t
a enin' of 'ood and 0ad in t eir %i e) >'ood if ri' t e"e f%utter) and 0ad t e ot er a" or
)o!et in' %i*e t at?
en "ou are 'oin' out -t e)e are con)idered 0ad---
1.)o!e one a)*) "ou F ere are "ou 'oin'HF
2. )o!e 0od" )nee e odd noD of ti!e)
$. a ido a )in'%e Bra !an or a !an carr"in' oi% or !i%* or a cat cro))in' "our at .
4. 'oin' 0e%o t e %adder.
5. ittin' "our ead or feet on t e t re) o%d.
T e)e are 'ood--
1. Eatin' curd) it a''er"
2. Si' tin' a !arried %ad" it f%o er) on t e ead *u!*u! on fore ead.
$. Si' tin' an e%e ant or 0ra"in' of a don*e".)ound !ade 0" %i ard)
ot er)--not 'ood
4. i%* o er-f%o in' e6ce t on )an*rant i da"
5. ) i%%in' of oi% tur!eric *u!*u!
,. air-cuttin' on tue)da") or in e enin')
7. i ard fa%%in' on ead
#. :ee in' !one" in)ide t e 0a' !eant for carr"in' "our urc a)e.78 | P a g e
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(. oin' t in') durin' ra u-*a%a or tra e%%in' durin'
in au) iciou) ti!e
1+. Gettin' !arried on ne !oon da" or durin' certain !ont )
11.not %endin' or 0orro in' after )un )et > %i' tin' t e %a! in t e e enin' ?
12.e6c an'in' t in') acro)) t e t e t re) o%d.
1$.'i in' or ta*in' it t e %eft and.
14. Not cro))in' t e 0ro*en u! *in) or coconut) on t e road.
15. Crie) of do') ootin' of o %).
T e nu!0er of )u er)tition) and 0%ind 0e%ief) in India i) er" %ar'e a) t e Indian )ociet
!ade of eo %e 0e%on'in' to ariou) re%i'iou) cu%tura% et nic %in'ui)tic and racia% 'rou
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!an" co!!on )u er)tition) in t e eo %e 0e%on'in' to ariou) 'rou ). On t e ot er and eac
'rou a) )o!e ) ecia% 0%ind 0e%ief) and )u er)tition).
T e ori'in of 0%ind 0e%ief) and )u er)tition) in India i) in cu%tura% e6c an'e of different diff
'rou ) 0ot indi'enou) and forei'n.
So!e 0%ind 0e%ief) and )u er)tition) are actua%%" not 0%ind 0e%ief) and )u er)tition) 0ut
i)do! and a%)o e6 erience) of eo %e for a %on' ti!e.
Su.er)t i t ion) P B%ind Be%ief) 3e%ated to u!0 er)
Nu!0er 1 5 1+ 11 21 51 1+1 1+# 5+1 1++1 1++# are con)idered a) au) iciou) n
eo %e and t e)e nu!0er) a e a ) ecia% i! ortance in aini)! and =indui)!.
Nu!0er $ i) con)idered a) an inau) iciou) or e i% nu!0er. ort odo6 eo %e a oid t i) nu!0e
Tra e%in' 0" t ree er)on) to'et er i) a oided.
Nu!0er 7#, i) con)idered a) an au) iciou) and %uc*" one nu!0er in u)%i! co!!unit".
an" eo %e 0e%ie e in nu!ero%o'". T e" refer t eir o n %uc*" nu!0er) for t ere e ic%
and are read" to a" 0i' fee for 'ettin' )uc nu!0er).
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Su.er)t i t ion) P B%ind Be%ief) 3e%ated to / irection)
In =indu and ain )ociet" Ea)t and Nort direction) are con)idered a) au) iciou) So
con)idered inau) iciou). &e)t i) a%)o con)idered a) inau) iciou) 0ut not a) inau) iciou) a) S
T e" a oid to 0ui%d a o!e ) o or an" t" e of 0ui%din' of ic t e fronta'e of t e
co!e) to Sout . Preferred direction i) Ea)t and t en Nort .
3i' t )ide i) con)idered a) au) iciou) i%e %eft )ide i) con)idered a) inau) iciou). I
re%i'iou) ritua%) eo %e u)e t eir ri' t and. In ritua%) ife a% a") )it on %eft )ide of e
) e i) con)idered a) a )econdar" Ft in'F. E en at t e ti!e of t e !arria'e t e %ace of t e 0ri
at t e %eft of t e 'roo!.
eo %e 'i e or ta*e !one" orna!ent) 'ift) or e en a f%o er 0" ri' t and on%".
S%ee in' ead facin' Nort or &e)t i) a oided.
Su.er)t i t ion) P B%ind Be%ief) 3e%ated to /a")
o)t eo %e a oid cuttin' t eir nai%) on Saturda". T e" a%)o a oid to ) a e of cut air
da".
Bu"in' certain t in') on Saturda" i) a oided. Suc t in') inc%ude edi0%e oi%.
an" eo %e a oid to !a*e a"!ent) on Saturda".
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Bu"in' of an" ne t in') inc%udin' and =ou)e e ic%e) T rid'e Orna!ent) Co
referred on au) iciou) da") e) ecia%%" on t e da") of fe)ti a%).
No !oon da" i) con)idered a) an inau) iciou) da". an" eo %e t in* t at at t e ni' t of
!oon da" G o)t) co!e out and ander ere and t ere.
Ec%i )e of Sun or oon i) con)idered a) a 0ad a)tro%o'ica% )i'n. !an" eo %e a oid 0
tra e%in' )tartin' ne 0u)ine)) on )uc occa)ion).
Ne ) o ) are )tarted on%" on au) iciou) da") e) ecia%%" on fe)ti a%).
Inau) iciou) da") are a oided for ) iftin' o!e. So!e eo %e do not tra e% on inau) ic
da").
T e ori'in of )u er)tition) a0out Saturda" i) in cu%tura% and 0u)ine)) contact) it e i)
o ere )ett%ed in &e)t coa)t of India.
T e )u er)tition a0out Saturda" a) 'i en 0irt to a )a"in' in arat i %an'ua'eJNaa*art"aac a Eaar
S ani7ar !ean) Saturda" i) t e da" of o e%e)) eo %e.
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Su.er)t i t ion) P B%ind Be%ief) 3e%ated to Ani! a%)
A) I a e ritten a0o e co i) con)idered a) an au) iciou) ani!a% in =indu). ;rine of a co
)acred t in' for !an" =indu). T e tai% of co i) con)idered a) t e !o)t )acred art of t i) ani!a
or =indu) co i) !ot er.
Be)ide) co e%e ant and )na*e are au) iciou) ani!a%) for =indu).
Cro i) an i! ortant 0ird in India in t e )en)e of 0%ind 0e%ief). If a cro cro ) in front of a
i) con)idered a) an inti!ation of co!in' of re%ati e) or 'ue)t).
O % i) con)idered a) an inau) iciou) 0ird.
If a %i ard fa%%) on oneF) ead or 0od" e i) 'oin' to die )oon. >But in actua% e %i e) i
for !an" da") and t en for'et) it?.
If a 0ird dro ) on "our ead or 0od" it i) a 'ood %uc*.
4ore Su .er)t i t ion) an d B%ind Be%eif)
Peo %e do not ) ee t eir ou)e at ni' t ot er i)e a*) !i t e Godde)) of ro) erit"
t e o!e t e" t in*. Actua%%" t i) a) to a oid !i))in' of )!a%% a%ua0%e t in') i
en t ere a) no e%ectricit" in o%der da"). But t e tradition i) continue.
o)t eo