Indian Seed Congress

7/27/2019 Indian Seed Congress

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The Future Of Indian Agriculture-Role of Indian Seed Industry-

M. Prabhakar RaoNuziveedu Seeds Limited

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Evolution of Indian Agriculture

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Evolution over 40 years

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82 108130

176 197252

Food Grain Production MillionTons

7 9.6 9.418.6 18.5

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Oil seed Production InMillion Tons

5.6 4.8 79.8 9.5

35.2

1960-611970-711980-811990-912000-012011-12

Cotton Production in Million BalesCotton Bale-170 kg

(Source- Dept. Of Ag. GOI)


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Productivity of Major Field Crops

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To even out the effect of extreme weather variations

*1998-99 data is avg. of six preceding years 1993-94 to 1998-99

**2011-12 data is avg. of six preceding years 2005-06 to 2011-12

Productivity kg/ha

1998-99* 2011-12**

Crops Productivity Productivity Growth %

Cotton 240.83 452.66 88

Paddy 1883.15 2180.50 15.8

Maize 1665.83 2228.83 33.8

Wheat 2529 2802 10.8

Pulses 599.3 634.6 5.9

Oilseeds 863.16 1026.5 33.1


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But this growth not adequate

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227280

1.3X

Food Grain

Milk

Vegetable & Fruits

Meat /Fish/egg

2007 2020

2007 2020

2007 2020

2007 2020

111

270

109.8202.2

11.6

30.1

1.8X

2.6X 2.8X

Source: Estimate of Food Demand

Working Paper No. 209, ICRIER; NSSO Interviews

Food Demand likely to go up

from~ 450 MMT to 780 MMT in 2020


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CHALLENGES & WAY FORWARD

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The key challenges

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Productivity gapsTechnologicalinterventions

Govt. Policies &

Regulation Labour shortage

Challenges


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Productivity gaps

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9.5

3.1

Egypt India

7.8

2.6

UK India China India

60

85

63

Australia India

Crop Yield (t/ha) highest vs. India

Rice Wheat Cotton Sugarcane
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c3/Hinohikari.jpghttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c3/Hinohikari.jpg


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Potential to increase production

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AgriculturalProduction

Area (Limited)

Productivity

Seeds

R&D andTechnologies to

constantlyimprove seeds

Nutrition(Limited)

Irrigation(Limited)

Agronomicpractices

New practices tomatch the genotype,

extension andtraining


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Keys to break Productivity barriers

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Superior PlantingMaterial

Agronomic Innovations(improved practices)

Extension services


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Superior Planting Material

Genetic enhancement for productivity

Tolerance to biotic & abiotic stress

through- Superior germplasm

Introgression of GM or Non-GM traits

Use of molecular markers to expedite

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Some Examples -

High density planting in Cotton/Maize

Direct Seeded Rice

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Agronomic Innovations

Right

Products

RightAgronomy

HighYield


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High density planting : cotton

Current seed rates of cotton at 1.61 pkts/

acre, translates to 7200 plants per acre

An increase in plant population results in

direct increase in yield, with right agronomy

50% increase means additional revenue of

Rs.35k crores, net income of Rs.25k crores

Changing habits would require enormous

amount of education and needs industry

push and government support.13


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Reaching Farmers through Extension

Private

Public-PrivatePartnerships

( PPP)

Public

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Product

development/

Marketing Teams

Extension

Workers

Government encourages PPPs and issued guidelines

under RKVY

The need today is to intensify Extension education by:


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Case: High density planting + PPP

Vidharbha

Objective: To Increase the Productivity and Production

of Cotton farmers by 50% in the Project.

Main Concept:- High Density Population

Formations of Effective Farmer SHGs

Use of Plant Growth Regulator.

Use of Integrated Nutrient Mgmt

Use of Integrated Pest Mgmt.

Post Harvest Management.

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Areas of Interventions

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Particulars Traditional MethodsUnder Public Private

Project

Plant Population Traditional spacingHigh Density closing

spacing

Micro nutrients RareApplied based on soil

testing

Plant Growth

Regulators

Not Applied

scientificallyApplied scientifically

Expert Assistance Not Available Timely Adviceavailable

Market linkageNot Available

Available


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Spacing and Plant Population

The above data is based on averages. The actual spacing / density has been adopted farmer-wise basedon the soil type and Water Availability. 17

District TalukaTraditional

spacing

(Ft)

PlantDensity

per acre

Spacingunder

PPP(Ft)

Plant

Density per

acre under

PPP

%

increase

of Plants

Popl.

Akola Akot 3*2 7293 3.5*1 12502 71%

Telhara 3*2 7293 3.5*1 12502 71%

Amaravati Daryapur 3*2 7293 3*1 14586 100%

Anjangaon

surji

3*2 7293 3*1 14586 100%

Buldhana Sangrampur 4*1.5 7293 3.5*1 12502 71%

Jalgoan

Jamod

3*1.5 9724 3.5*1 12502 28%


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PPP- Activities Done

Soil sample Testing of 1652 farmers and recommended use

of fertilizer dosage accordingly.

Distribution of Seed Packets -20,676 packets

Regular Visit of Technical team to Guide the Farmer .

Conducted Training Programs in Three stages.

Supply of Micronutrients to Farmers. -103 tonnes

Supply of Growth Regulators- 3800ltrs.

Distribution Liquid nutrients for Foliar spray of 12MT.

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Other Activities Done

93 Registered Farmer Groups were formed .

Voice Mail to all the Farmers regarding Time specific activities for

the Crop

Procurement of Kapas at Market Price at our Ginning and Pressing

mill at Hiwarkhed.

Ginning of Kapas of Farmers at our Ginning and Pressing mill.

Facilitating Storage of Bales of Farmers.

Arrangements with Banks HDFC bank, Yes bank and ICICI bank for

Warehouse receipt based funding for cotton bales of Farmers.

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PPP Project: Expected Yields

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District Taluka No. ofAcres

Last yearAvg.Yd(Qtls)

PresentAvg.Yd(Qtls)

% Increase

Akola Akot 3365 5.30 7.75 52%

Telhara 2573 5.28 6.48 45%

Buldhana Sangrampur 1924 5.30 8.43 60%

Jalgoan-Jamod 473 5.00 9.50 90%

Amravathi Daryapur 1290 4.91 7.50 45%

Anjangaon-

surji713 6.00 8.75 23%

Total 10338

Project

Average5.29 8.06 52%


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PPP in Maharashtra

Visit of Dr Sudhir Goel Principal Secy (Agri) Maharashtra


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Direct Seeded Rice (DSR)

Rationale:

5000 liters of water, a scarce resource, needed to produce

1 kg of Rice.

In India 66% of total available irrigation water used forrice cultivation.

Reduction of green house gases.

Improved fertilizer efficiency.

Amenability to mechanization. Reduction in cost of transplantation.

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Direct Seeded Rice Contd

Situation in India Some companies are promoting Direct seeded rice in

Punjab with large scale trials ( Eg: PEPSICO approx 10,000

acres).

In the Godavari delta of Andhra Pradesh ,several farmers

are adopting DSR technology ,primarily to counter the

labor shortage

Main Problem for large scale adoption

Farmers are flooding rice fields mainly to restrict weeds

The main problem in DSR is weed control, currently famers

are using pre emergence herbicides with limited success. 23


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DSR Experiment Stage 1


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Mechanization: Cotton Picking

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Cotton Picking Mechanization

Need : Labor availability becoming an issue

Cost of manual picking is becoming prohibitive

Increasing productivity will further enhance theseproblems.

@ of Rs. 8/kg - total outflow on picking is Rs.

14,000 crores.

Without mechanization cotton cultivation may

not remain feasible in a few years.

Opportunity to reduce contamination as well.

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Cotton Picking Mechanization

Requirements: Right Genotype for high density /

mechanized cotton farming

Developing suitable size machinery forsmall holdings for total farming from

sowing to picking

Investments in pre-cleaners in Gins Shift in marketing practices.

Farmer education Preparedness thru

extension 29


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Product Development

Procedure for quick release of new hybrids andvarieties- The procedure needs to be shortened

to a time period of 2 years for the release of new

hybrids & varieties.

Cost of regulatory testing should be nominal

Reduce restrictions on number of entries

Rationalize testing Products between Centre

(ICAR) and States (SAUs) Clear, uniform and consistent parameters for

identification of varieties for notification

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Price controls Price controls may reduce investments in R&D

Fiscal incentives:

Tax Exemptions Credit on soft terms for R&D investment

Duty free imports of equipment for Industry

Infrastructure building through nationwide

mission mode approach like TUFS etc.

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Price Controls and Incentives


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Subsidy

Uniformity across the States in Policy and

procedures

Provide Level play field for Private Sector as

given to public sector Give equal access to all popular products with

or without notification.

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Ideal Subsidy program

Karnataka/ AP model

Opportunity given to all seed companies with

valid registration

Farmers get complete choice

No issues in quality /performance so far

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Conclusion

Accelerated agricultural growth possiblethrough-

Genetic improvement for yield enhancement

including GM Appropriate agronomic practices

Efficient Extension Services

Enabling Government Policies

Farm mechanization

Uniform subsidy policy

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THANK YOU

Documents

Indian Seed Congress