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8/13/2019 Indian Security Forces and Agencies
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Security Forces and Agencies inIndia (GS 3)
1
Material IAS
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ndexCentral Armed Police Force.............3
Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF)
Border Security Force (BSF) Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP)
Sashastra Seema Bal (SSB)
Central Industrial Security Force (CISF)
Railway Protection Force (RPF)
National Security Guards (NSG)
Special Protection Group (SPG)
Paramilitary Forces.......................11
The Assam Rifles
The Special Frontier Force
The Indian Coast Guard
Intelligence Agencies..15
Research and Analysis Wing
Intelligence Bureau
National Investigation Agency.
Central Bureau of Investigation.
Directorate of Revenue Intelligence.
Indian Armed Forces...21
Army
Navy
Airforce
Special Forces
Important Issues and Recent Develpoments....27 2
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Central Armed Police
ForceCentral Armed Police Forces (CAPF) are the followingeight police forces of the central government of India:
Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF)
Border Security Force (BSF)
Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP)
Sashastra Seema Bal (SSB)
Central Industrial Security Force (CISF)
Railway Protection Force (RPF)
National Security Guards (NSG)
Special Protection Group (SPG)
3
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Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF)
One of the largest Central Police organisations in the world.
It functions under the aegis of Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) of the Government of India. Its main objective is to assist and help state and union territories' law enforcement agencies
in maintaining law and order and to contain insurgency.
4
Major Duties: Crowd control
Riot control
Counter Militancy / Insurgencyoperations
Dealing with Left Wing Extremism
Overall co-ordination of large scale
security arrangement especially with
regard to elections in disturbed areas
Protection of VIPs and vital
installations
Checking environmental de-gradation
and protection of local Flora and
Fauna
Fighting aggression during War time
Participating in UN Peace Keeping
Mission
Rescue and Relief operations at the
time of Natural Calamities
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Border Security Force (BSF)
5
It is a central police force operating under the Union Ministry of Home Affairs.
Formed due to inadequacies shown in the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 with the specific mandate of
guarding India's international boundaries. Was used in Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 against the Pakistani Armed Forces in areas where the Indian
Armed Forces was thinly spread.
Also took part in the Battle of Longewala.
BSF has own Tear Smoke Unit situated at BSF Academy, Takenpur, Gwalior (M P), which supplies to all
state police forces for riot prevention.
Have its own Air Wing, Water Wing and also provides Choppers, Dogs and others useful service to all
State Police. Recently been given the task of aiding the Indian Army in counter-insurgency and counter-terrorism
operations.
Peace time Promote a sense of security
among the people living in theborder areas.
Prevent trans border crimes,
unauthorized entry into or exit
from the territory of India.
Prevent smuggling and any other
illegal activity.
War Time Holding ground in less threatened
sectors. Protection of vital installations.
Assistance in control of refugees.
Anti-infiltration duties in specified
areas.
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Indo-Tibetan Border Police Force (ITBPF) Responsible for security along the Indo-Tibetan Border, covering 2115 km.
ITBPF is a specialized mountain Force and most of the officers & men are
professionally trained mountaineers and skiers.
Being the first responder for natural disaster in the Himalayas, ITBPF has
been carrying out numerous rescue and relief operations.
ITBP has also very small Force with strength of 90,000 personals.
Being the first responder for natural disaster in the Himalayas, ITBPF has
been carrying out numerous rescue and relief operations.
6
Sashastra Seema Bal (SSB) Formed in 1963 to be deployed on the borders along with Nepal and
Bhutan.
SSB is very small central Armed Police force has 82,000 personnel.
SSB doesn't have its own proper vehicle and arms.
SSB operates on mountainous terrains.
Role:
To promote sense of security among the people living in the border area.
To prevent trans border crimes and unauthorized entries into or exit
from the territory of India.
To prevent smuggling and other illegal activities.
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Central Industrial Security Force (CISF)
CISF is the largest industrial security force in the
world. Its current strength is 165,000. The strength will be
raised to 200,000 over the next 23 years.
It is directly under the federal Ministry of HomeAffairs and its headquarters are at New Delhi.
Provides security cover to 300 industrial units andother establishments located all over India.
Industrial sectors like atomic power plants, spaceinstallations, mints, oil fields and refineries, majorports, heavy engineering, steel plants, barrages,fertilliser units, airports and hydroelectric/thermalpower plants owned and controlled by Central PSUs,and currency note presses producing Indian currencyare protected by CISF.
CISF also provides security to certain NGOs, likeInfosys.
Also provides consultancy services to privateindustries as well as other organisation within theIndian government.
There are some reserved battalions which works withthe state police to protect law and orders.
Another unique thing which CISF is having i.e., FireWing which helps during fire accidents in Industrieswhere CISF is guarding.
7
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Railway Protection Force (RPF) Charged with protecting the Indian Railways.
The strength of RPF is about 65,000.
The duties of the Railway Protection Force include:To do all conducive means for the free movement of the railways.
Protection and safeguarding of railway property.
Protection and safeguarding of passenger, their belongings and passenger areas.
The origin of this force was 'Watch & Ward' and functioned under the administrative control of railway
administration.
Later on this force was renamed as Railway Protection Force and its members were provided with the power of
arrest without warrant for the unlawful possession of railway property.
The offenders are booked under the Railway Property (Unlawful Possession) Act 1966 which is shortly known as
RP(UP) Act 1966.
8
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National Security Guards (NSG)
9
A commando unit originally created for counter-terrorism and hostage
rescue missions.
Raised in 1986, it is popularly known as the "Black Cats" for theuniform worn by its operators.
It is media-shy and the general Indian public is largely unaware of its
capabilities and operational details.
Draws its members from the Indian Army and various central police
units.
It is India's premier counter-terror outfit and is typically deployed in
situations that would be beyond the capabilities of regular police units.
An NSG team with a dedicated transport aircraft is always stationed atPalam airport in New Delhi, ready to deploy in 30 minutes.
The NSG has also been increasingly tasked with protection of VIPs. This
role has expanded in recent years, as several politicians have come to
view NSG protection as a status symbol. This has caused some concern
among senior NSG officers and Home Ministry officials.
Tasks
Neutralising specific terrorist threat in
any given area, building, vital
installation etc.
Engaging terrorists or suspected
terrorists in specific situations in order
to neutralize them.
Handling hijacks situations involving
piracy in the air and / or land.
Rescue of hostages in kidnapping
incidents.Additional Tasks
The following were the additional tasks
entrusted in 1986-87:-
Security of high risk VIPs.
Anti sabotage checks of venues of visits
/ public meetings of VVIPs.
Anti hijack duties in domestic and
international flights.
Immediate back up security operations.
Data collection on bomb explosions.
Training of State Police personnel in
anti-terrorism, VIP security.
PSO duties and Bomb Detection and
Disposal.
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Special Protection Group (SPG)
10
The Special Protection Group (SPG) is theexecutive protection agency of the Government of
India.
The force was established in 1985 after the
assassination of Indira Gandhi.
It is responsible for the protection of the Prime
Minister of India, other top officials, and their
immediate families. After retirement, the protection & security is
provided for the next 10 years. Afterwards, it is
the responsibility of the respective State
Government in which the Prime Minister is
residing.
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The Assam Rifles (AR)
12
Started as a paramilitary police force formed under the British
in 1835 called Cachar Levy. The name Assam Rifles was finally adopted in 1917 after
undergoing number of name changes.
Has served in a number of roles, conflicts and theatres
including World War I where they served in Europe and the
Middle East, and World War II where they served mainly in
Burma.
In the post World War II period the Assam Rifles has expandedgreatly as has its role.
There are currently 46 battalions of Assam Rifles under the
control of the Indian Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA).
Roles: Provision of internal security under the control of
the army through the conduct of counter
insurgency and border security operations, Provision of aid to the civil power in times of
emergency,
Provision of communications, medical assistance
and education in remote areas.
In times of war they can also be used as a combat
force to secure rear areas if needed.
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The Special Frontier Force (SFF)
It was conceived in the post Sino-Indian war period as a guerrillaforce composed mainly of Tibetanrefugees whose main goal was toconduct covert operations behindChinese lines in case of another
war between the People'sRepublic of China and India.
Based in Chakrata, Uttarakhand,SFF is also known as theEstablishment 22.
The force was put under the
direct supervision of theIntelligence Bureau, and later, theResearch and Analysis Wing,India's external intelligenceagency.
13
Radug Ngawang (far left), former brigadier of Establishment 22,
escorted the Dalai Lama (right) on his way to India in 1959. Seen
here with Sujan Singh Uban (2nd from right), the first inspector-
general of the regiment, in Chakrata, 1972
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The Indian Coast Guard (ICG)
14
ICG was formally established on 18 August
1978 as an armed force of the Union bythe Coast Guard Act, 1978.
It operates under the Department of
Defence of the Union Ministry of Defence.
Works in close cooperation with the Indian
Navy, Department of Fisheries, Department
of Revenue(Customs) and the Central and
State police forces.
The Indian Coast Guard is primarily responsible for the safety, security, pollution control and
law enforcement in the EEZ of India.
Ensuring safety and protection of the artificial islands, offshore installations and other
structure in our maritime zones.
Providing protection to fishermen and assistance to them at sea while in distress.
Preservation and protection of our maritime environment including prevention and control
of maritime pollution.
Assistance to the Department of Custom and other authorities in anti-smuggling operations.
Enforcement of MZI Acts.
Initiating measures for the safety of life and property at sea.
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There are many other intelligence
agencies, few of the important
ones are:
National Investigation Agency.
Central Bureau of Investigation.
Directorate of Revenue
Intelligence.
Indian Intelligence Agencies
15
India has a number of intelligence agencies of which the best known are :
The Research and Analysis Wing, Indiasexternal intelligence agency and
The Intelligence Bureau, the domestic intelligence agency.
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Major Objectives
Monitoring the political, military, economic and scientific developments in countries which have direct bearing
on India's national security and the formulation of its foreign policy.
Moulding international public opinion with the help of the strong and vibrant Indian diaspora.
Covert Operations to safe guard India's National interests.
AntiTerror Operations and neutralising terror elements posing a threat to India.
In the past, following the Sino-Indian war of 1962 and due to India's volatile relations with Pakistan, R&AW'sobjectives had also consisted the following:
To watch the development of international communism and the schism between the two big communist
nations, the Soviet Union and China. As with other countries, both these powers had direct access to the
communist parties in India.
To control and limit the supply of military hardware to Pakistan, from mostly European countries, America and
more importantly from China.
Research and Analysis Wing (RAW)
16
It is the primary external intelligence agency of the Republic of India.
It was formed in September 1968 under the helmsman-ship of its first
Director, Rameshwar Nath Kao.
Its creation was necessitated post the Sino-Indian War 1962 and Indo-
Pakistani War of 1965 which posed various gaps in intelligence
gathering undertaken by Intelligence Bureau (which then handled both
internal and external intelligence).
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Intelligence Bureau (IB)
It is reputedly the world's oldest intelligence agency.
Formed in 1885 to monitor Russian troop deployments in Afghanistan, fearing a Russian invasion of BritishIndia through the North-West.
In 1909, the Indian Political Intelligence Office was established in England in response to the development of
Indian revolutionary activities, which came to be called the Indian Political Intelligence (IPI) from 1921.
It was recast as the Central Intelligence Bureau in 1947 under the Ministry of Home Affairs.
Understanding of the shadowy workings of the IB is largely speculative.
Many a times even their own family members are unaware of their whereabouts.
17
It garners intelligence from within India and also execute counter-intelligence
and counter-terrorism tasks.
Tasked with intelligence collection in border areas, following the 1951
recommendations of the Himmatsinhji Committee.
Was also tasked with other external intelligence responsibilities as of 1951 until
1968, when the Research and Analysis Wing was formed.
One known task of the IB is to clear licences to amateur radio enthusiasts. Passes on intelligence between other Indian intelligence agencies and the police.
Grants the necessary security clearances to Indian diplomats and judges before
they take the oath.
On rare occasions, IB officers interact with the media during a crisis situation.
Rumoured to intercept and open around 6,000 letters daily.
Has an email spying system similar to FBI's Carnivore system.
Authorised to conduct wiretapping without a warrant.
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National Investigation Agency A federal agency established by the Indian
Government to combat terror in India.
It acts as the Central Counter TerrorismLaw Enforcement Agency.
The agency is empowered to deal with
terror related crimes across states
without special permission from the
states.
The Agency came into existence with theenactment of the National Investigation
Agency Act 2008 by the Parliament of
India on 31 December 2008.
Created after the 2008 Mumbai terror
attacks as need for a central agency to
combat terrorism was realised.
Various Special Courts have been notifiedby the Central Government of India for
trial of the cases registered at various
police stations of NIA under Section 11
and 22 of the NIA Act 2008. Any question
as to the jurisdiction of these courts is
decided by the Central Government.
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The foremost investigating police agency in India.
It is under the jurisdiction of the Government of India.
Involved in major criminal probes, and is the Interpol agency in India.
Established in 1941 as the Special Police Establishment, tasked with domestic security. It was renamed the
Central Bureau of Investigation on 1 April 1963. Its motto is "Industry, Impartiality, Integrity".
Overseen by the Department of Personnel and Training of the Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and
Pensions of the Union Government, headed by a Union Minister who reports directly to the Prime
Minister.
While analogous in structure to the FBI, the CBI's powers and functions are limited to specific crimes by
Acts (primarily the Delhi Special Police Establishment Act, 1946.
19
The CBI being a Union subject may investigate:
Offenses against central-government employees,
or concerning affairs of the central government
and employees of central public-sector
undertakings and public-sector banks
Cases involving the financial interests of thecentral government
Breaches of central laws enforceable by the
Government of India
Major fraud or embezzlement; multi-state
organised crime
Mulit-agency or international cases
Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI)
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20
Directorate of Revenue Intelligence
Its charter includes the following functions:
Collection of intelligence about smuggling of contraband goods, narcotics, under-invoicing etc. through sources ofIndia and abroad, including secret sources.
Analysis and dissemination of such intelligence to the field formations for action.
Working out of intelligence by the Directorate officers themselves to a successful conclusion, where necessary.
Keeping watch over important seizures and investigation cases.
Associating or taking over the investigations which warrant specialised handling by the Directorate.
Guiding important investigation/prosecution cases.
Functioning as the liaison authority for exchange or information among ESCAP countries for combating international
smuggling and customs frauds in terms of the recommendation of the ESCAP conference. Keeping liaison with foreign countries, Indian Missions and Enforcement agencies abroad on anti-smuggling matters.
To keep liaison with Central Bureau of Investigation and through them with the INTERPOL.
To co-ordinate, direct and control anti-smuggling operations on the Indo-Nepal border.
To refer cases registered under the Customs Act to the Income Tax Department for action under the Income Tax Act.
To keep statistics of seizures and prices/rates etc. for watching trends of smuggling and supply required material to the
ministry of Finance and other Ministries.
To study and suggest remedies for loopholes in law and procedures to combat smuggling.
Functions under the Central Board
of Excise and customs(CBEC), in
the Ministry of Finance,
Department of Revenue.
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Indian Armed Forces
The Government of India is responsible for ensuring the defence of India and every partthereof.
The Supreme Command of the Indian Armed Forces vests in the President.
The responsibility for national defence rests with the Cabinet.
This is discharged through the Ministry of Defence, which provides the policy framework and
wherewithal to the Armed Forces to discharge their responsibilities in the context of the
defence of the country. The Indian Armed Forces comprise of three divisions :
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Indian Army
Indian Navy
Indian Airforce
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Indian Army
The Indian Army is the land based branch and thelargest component of the Indian Armed Forces.
It has 1,129,900 active troops and 960,000 reserve
troops.
Itsthe world's second-largest standing army.
Its primary mission is to ensure the national security
and defence of the Republic of India from external
aggression and threats, and maintaining peace and
security within its borders.
It also conducts humanitarian rescue operations
during natural calamities and other disturbances.
The Chief of Army Staff (COAS), a General, is a four
star commander and commands the Army.
There is never more than one serving general at anygiven time in the Army. Two officers have been
conferred the rank of Field Marshal, a 5-star rank
and the officer serves as the ceremonial chief.
22
Indigenously developed main battle tank Arjun
MBT
Indigenously developed multi-barrel rocket
launcher Pinaka
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Indian Army
23
The Indian Army came into being when India gained independence in 1947, and
inherited most of the infrastructure of the British Indian Army that were located inpost-partition India.
Since independence, the Army has been involved in four wars with neighboring Pakistan
and one with the People's Republic of China.
Other major operations undertaken by the Army include Operation Vijay, Operation
Meghdoot and Operation Cactus.
Primary Objectives: Preserve national interests and safeguard sovereignty, territorialintegrity and unity of India against any external threats by deterrence or by waging war
Secondary Objectives: Assist Government agencies to cope with proxywarand other
internal threats and provide aid to civil authority when requisitioned for the purpose
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Indian Navy
It is the naval branch of the armed forces of India.
The Chief of Naval Staff (CNS), usually a four-star officer
in the rank of admiral, commands the navy.
The Indian Navy can trace its lineage back to the Royal
Indian Navy; however, the modern navy was not officially
created until 1947.
The 17th century Maratha emperor Chhatrapati Shivaji
Bhosle is considered as the 'Father Of The Indian Navy.
24
Roles:
In conjunction with other armed forces of the union, actto deter or defeat any threats or aggression against theterritory, people or maritime interests of India, both inwar and peace.
Project influence in India's maritime area of interest, tofurther the nation's political, economic and security
objectives. In cooperation with the Indian Coast Guard, ensure good
order and stability in India's maritime zones ofresponsibility
Provide maritime assistance (including disaster relief) inIndia's maritime neighborhood.
To play a key role as part of a pluralistic security order for
a better world.
Recently inducted aircraft carrier INS Vikramaditya
INS Vikrant the first indigenous aircraft carrier of
the Indian Navy
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Indian Airforce
Indian Air Force established on 8th October 1932
under the British Rule.
Earlier it was known as the Royal Indian Air Force.
The aircraft RIAF first operated was Wapiti Planes
with one squadron.
After independence air force served the nation
with the prefix Royal it was dropped when India
became republic in 1950.
IAF has been involved in three wars all withneighboring country pakistan.
The major role of IAF was in first kashmir war
1947,congo cricis 1961,sino indian 1962,second
kashmir war 1965,bangladesh liberation war
1971.
Major operations undertaken by iaf includeoperation vijay, operation meghdoot1984 and
operation cactus,kargil1999.
Apart from conflicts, the iaf has been an active
participant in united nation peacekeeping
missions.
It celebrate its golden jubilee in 1982.
25
Indigenous
attack
helicopter HAL
LCH in digital
camoflage
Indigenous
multi utility
helicopter HAL
Dhruv
Dassault
Rafale -
Multirole
fighter soon to
be inducted
in IAF
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Special Forces
26
The Special Forces of India are Indian military units with specialized training in the field of special
operations such as Direct action, Hostage rescue, Counter-terrorism, Unconventional warfare, Special
reconnaissance, Foreign Internal Defense, Personnel recovery, Asymmetric warfare, Counter-proliferation.
Para Commandos
Formed in 1966, its the largest and most
important part of the Special Forces of India.
A part of the highly trained Parachute Regiment
of the Indian Army helping the main army to get
in the enemy lines without much damage.
Ghatak Force
Special operations capable infantry platoon.
There is one platoon in every infantry battalion in
the Indian Army.
Ghatak is a Hindi word meaning "killer" or
"lethal". They act as shock troops and spearheadassaults ahead of the battalion.
Usually are 20-men strong.
Marine Commandos (MARCOS)
Elite special operations unit of the Indian Navy.
Specially organized, trained and equipped for the
conduct of special operations in a maritime
environment.
One of the finest Special Forces units in the world
and among the few units qualified to jump in the
water with a full combat load.
Specialized in maritime operations in Jammu and
Kashmir through the Jhelum River and Wular
Lake.
Garud Commando Force
Special Forces unit of the Indian Air Force.
Formed in September 2004 and has strength of
approximately 2000 personnel.
derives its name from Garuda, a divine bird-like
creature of Hindu Mythology.
Ttasked with the protection of critical Air Force bases
and installations; search and rescue during peace and
hostilities and disaster relief during calamities.
Presently, Garud's are deployed in Congo as part of
the UN peace keeping operations.
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Important Issues andRecent Develpoments
27
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Armed Forces Special Powers Act (AFSPA), 1958
28
Parliament passed the AFSPA in 1958.
It gives draconian powers to the armed forces to deal with insurgencies.
The Supreme Court upheld the Act in 1997. In November 2004, a 5 member committee under the chairmanship of Justice B.P.Jeevan Reddy suggested that
the AFSPA should be repealed.
The Contentios Sections
Section 4: Empowers the Army to search premises, make arrests without warrants and use extreme force.
Section 6: Stipulates that arrested persons and seized property are to be made over to the police with little delay.
Section 7: Offers protection for army men acting in good faith in their official capacity. Prosecution is permitted
only after sanction of the Central Government.
Irom Chanu Sharmila is arguably waging the longest-
running hunger strike in history. This year will mark the
fourteenth year of her protest launched on November 5,2000 demanding that the government repeal a draconian
law that grants absolute power to armed forces in troubled
areas. She survives only because she is being force-fed
through a tube attached to her nose.
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Armed Forces Special Powers Act (AFSPA), 1958
29
Objections by Army:
Proactive operations will be severely affected under extant laws for Aid to Civil Authority since it has major
limitations in this kind of environment and will result in the initiative being passed to the militant.
The Army will not have the powers to arrest or search any individual or premise suspected to be indulging in/being
used for anti-national activities. The Armed forces will not be able to use any force to diffuse any situation other than in self defence.
Powers to destroy ammunition dumps, IEDs (improvised explosive devices) will be nonexistent.
Troops will not be able to perform their duties in the prevailing environment without proper legal cover. Besides the
question of morale the orders of the commanders on ground themselves would be questionable by his command as
'unlawful'.
It would bolster the will of anti-nationals and provide a definitive surge to militancy.
Santosh Hedge Commission:
Appointed by the Supreme Court to investigate encounter killings in Manipur, hasmethodically exposed the legislationsfailure to tackle insurgency in the State
It examined six cases and pointed out:
That the encounters were not genuine and maximum force was used to kill people.
The Act provided sweeping powers to the security forces even to the extent of
killing the suspected person with protection against prosecution but the Act failed
to provide protection to the citizens against the possible misuse.
The commission also noted that in general cases, the greater the power, the greater
the restraint and stricter the mechanism to prevent its misuse or abuse. But in caseof the AFSPA in Manipur this principle appears to have been reversed.
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CBI is unconstitutional- Guwahati High Court
30
Whilewe decline to hold and declare that the DSPE (Delhi Special Police Establishment) Act, 1946,
is not a valid piece of legislation, we do hold that the CBI is neither an organ nor a part of the DSPE
and the CBI cannot be treated as a policeforceconstituted under the DSPE Act, 1946,said JusticeIqbal Ahmed Ansari and Justice Indira Shah of Guwahati High Court in their judgment.
The court also dismissed a home ministry order under which the CBI was set up in 1963.
It said that the 50-year-old resolution was not produced before the President and never
received his assent, as is the norm for legislation. Hence, CBI cannot be called a
"constitutional investigative agency.
CBIs ArgumentsCBI argued that it had been
exercising its functions and powers
to investigate like a police force
under the DSPE Act 1946 for 50
years and that the SC had upheld
the validity of DSPE Act in several
cases. It contented that the HC
had erred in interferring that the
DSPE Act didnt support CBIs
existence.
The Supreme Court has
stayed the Gauhati high
court's verdict that
declared the CBI
'unconstitutional'.
Earlier the Centre had
challenged before the
Supreme Court theGauhati high court order
and sought a stay on it
contending that the
verdict will adversely
impact thousands of
criminal cases pending
across the country.
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Recent news articles
31
NATGRID begins operations; high security protocols deployed
Source: DNA
NATGRID, the ambitious counter- terror mechanism envisaged post 26/11, has discretely begun churning outvital information for Indian security agencies.
High-level security arrangements have been put in place to aggressively guard the system against any breach in
its platform.
21 data sources of various intelligence and enforcement agencies have been brought on board to put together a
better picture of an incident which could be used not only to counter an impending threat but also trail
suspects.
NATGRID is a tool in background.It is assisting agencies. It is only a pointer, like a compass.It is like Google. When
you search for anything on Google it points you to go here and go there..likewise it (NATGRID) enables an officer
to very quickly get a 360-degree view of a situation.
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32
Recent news articles
Border Security Force to guard Myanmar border from 2014 itself: Director GeneralSource: DNA From this year itself, BSF will start guarding the 1,624-km-long India-Myanmar border thar passes through the
states of Nagaland, Mizoram, Manipur and Arunachal Pradesh.
The BSF now patrols the country's borders with Bangladesh and Pakistan while Assam Rifles have been maintaining
vigil at the India-Myanmar border since 2002.
Government to Launch Internet Spy System 'Netra' SoonSource: The Indian Express
Use of words like 'attack', 'bomb', 'blast' or 'kill' in tweets, status updates, emails or blogs may bring people under
surveillance of security agencies as the government will soon launch 'Netra', an internet spy system capable of
detecting malafide messages.
The Home Ministry is giving finishing touches to 'Netra', which will be deployed by all security agencies to capture
any dubious voice traffic passing through software like Skype or Google Talk, besides write-ups in tweets, status
updates, emails, instant messaging transcripts, internet calls, blogs and forums.
It is developed by Centre for Artificial Intelligence and Robotics (CAIR), a lab under Defence Research and
Development Organisation (DRDO).
The specifications of the 'Netra' system can be taken as frozen following tests by the Intelligence Bureau and
Cabinet Secretariat, and can be considered for providing multiple user access to security agencies.
The inter-ministerial group favoured allocation of 300 GB of storage space to a maximum of three security
agencies, including the Intelligence Bureau and Cabinet Secretariat, for intercepted internet traffic and an extra
100 GB would be assigned to the remaining law enforcement agencies.
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Govt clears Rs 11,000 cr modernisation plan for central forces
Source: Economic Times
Government today approved a Rs 11,000-crore project for modernisation of central paramilitary forces, including ITBP which
guards the now tense Sino-Indian border.
CRPF, BSF, ITBP, CISF, SSB, NSG and Assam Rifles will benefit under the plan which was awaiting approval from CCS.
Sources said the standoff along the Sino-Indian border in Ladakh, which is being guarded by the Indo-Tibetan Border Police,
is believed to have prompted the CCS to clear the project which is already delayed by a year.
Chinese troops had pitched tents 19 km inside Indian territory in Daulat Beg Oldie area in Ladakh last month, leading to
tension on the frontier.
The modernisation will ensure that the forces have better arms, ammunition, night vision devices, patrolling equipment,vehicles and other infrastructural upgradation.
Recent news articles
CBI sought part RTI exemption, Govt gave it fullSource: Indian Express
Almost three years after the controversial decision to exempt the CBI from the purview of the Right To Information
Act, it has come to light that the Solicitor-General and the investigating agency itself wanted only partial immunity
from the transparency law, but got total exemption from the UPA government.
The government felt that exempting the premier investigating agency only partially would lead to other bodies
asking for the same, and this push for full exemption was strongly backed by the Prime MinistersOffice, according
to file notings and official records accessed by The Indian Express.
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