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Indian Railways
The 5-year Action Plan
June 18, 2015
Background • World’s largest rail network under a single management
with 66,000 route kilometers
• Supports 1.3 million people through employment
• IR operates over 20,000 trains daily of which:
– Over 12, 000 passenger trains; more than 7,500 freight trains
– connecting over 8,000 stations
– carrying over 23 million passengers
– transporting over 3 mn tonnes of freight
• IR carried: – 518 mn tonnes p.a. from year 1853 to 2003
– 1,054 mn tonnes from 2003 to 2013-14
• Now network stretched to its limit; expansion required immediately
2
IR achieved in last decade what was accomplished in 150 years
Challenges
• Committed liabilities on Revenue Generation
Revenue expenditure (2013-14):
• Staff with Pension - 52%
• Fuel bill - 19%
• IRFC payments – 5%
• Stores- 3%
• Other - 9%
Social service obligations
• Essential commodities carried below cost
• Passenger and other coaching services (€4286 mn p.a.)
• Operation of uneconomic branch lines
• Concessions
Little surplus for investment in capital
3
Challenges (contd.)
4
• Project planning and execution
– Projects worth Rs 4.91 lakh cr / € 70143 million (at
original cost) sanctioned and pending
– Ensuring assured funding to prevent cost /time overruns
Under-investment
Under-investment
Poor quality
services, delays
Inability to increase
fares
Lower resource
generation
Lower surplus for investment
5
6
SONNAGAR
VARANASI
MANDAR HILL
KIUL
KATRA
SULTANPUR
MAUINDARA
PARASIA
ARJUNITALCHER
CHAMPA
SALUR
SECUNDERABAD
BIBINAGAR
WARANGAL
KIRANDUL
SOLAPUR
PURNA
LATUR RD.
GADCHANDUR
MANIKGARHFORT
TRIVANDRUM
COCHIN
ERNAKULAM
SHORANUR
TRICHUR
PANAMBUR
PIPAVAV
RAJKOT
VERAVAL
NALIYA BHUJ
PORBANDARJUNAGARH
WANKANER
KUDAMIYANA
SABARMATI
MARWAR
BILARA
JAISALMER
MUNABAO
SAMDARI
POKARAN
DELHI
SRI-GANGANAGAR
AMBALA
KOTKAPURAKALKA
SHIMLA
NAGAL DAM
UNA
JALANDHAR
LUDHIANA
PATHANKOT
RAJPURA
TALWARA
KRDE
JIND
BEAS
JAKHAL
HPU
BATHINDA
HISAR
GZB
PANIPAT
DEHRADUN
LAKSARKOTDWARA
MORADABAD
JOGINDER NAGAR
FIROZPURGOVINDWAL
ATARI
AMRITSAR
SURATGARHANUPGARH
SARUPSAR
LALGARH
BIKANERKOLAYAT
BHIWANI
REWARI
ALWAR
RINGUS
SIKAR
RAM
PUR
JAIPUR
DHOLPUR
AGRA
MATHURA
KOTA
AJMER
JHANSISHIVPURI
SHEOPURKALA
NIMACH
CHITTAURGARH
RATLAM
DAHOD
UJJAIN MAKSI
DEWAS
INDOREITARSI
BHOPAL
AMLAKHANDWA
MANMADAKOLA
AMARVATI
PARBHANI
ROHAPUNE
DAUND
WADI HYDERABAD
DONAKONDA
MYSORE
BANGOLORE
MANGLORE
BIRUR
CHENNAI
TANAKPUR
HATHRAS
TUNDALA
GWALIOR
BHINDKANPUR
KHAJURI
PANIHAR
GUNA
BINA
MANIKPUR
SATNAREWA
CHUNAR
ALLAHABAD
GEVRA ROAD
ANUPPUR
SHAKTINAGAR
BISHRAMPUR
MANPUR
GAYA
SILIGURI
MUZAFFARPUR
RAIPUR
GONDIA
BILASPUR
TITLAGARH
GUNUPUR
MANUGURU
LATUR
AURANGABAD
JAGTIAL
CHANDA
HARBOUR
HARBOUR
MARMAGAO
UDHNA
ALANG
OKHA
GANDHIDHAM
VIRAMGRAMMALIYA
AHMADABAD MODASA
KAPADVAJJ
UDAIPURCITY
PALANPUR
BHILDI
JODHPUR
LUNI
MERTA RD.
FAZILKA
ROHTAK
PALWAL
LOHARU
ALIGARH
HARDUAGANJ
BAREILLYKASGANJ
KHURJA
KATHGODAM
LALKUA
LKO
UNNAO
SHIKOHABADETAWAH
GONDA
MANKAPUR
FD
KHRIRAR
MUGHAL SARAI
CHHAPRA
NAINI
BILLICHOPAN
MAHADIYA
SHAHGANJ
ZBD
BHATNI
NONERA
BANDIKUI
AIT
PHULERA
DEGANA
MERTACITY
SAWAI MADHOPUR
RANCHI
LOHARDAGA
NAWAGAON
RAJKHARSWAN
MURI
CHANDIL
TATANAGAR
PURULIYABANKURA
ADRA
BNDM
ROURKELA
BARSUAN
BANSPANIJORURI
BANGRIPOSI
DAITARI
SUKINDARD.MANDIRHASAUD
SAMBALPUR
JHARSUGUDA
BOLANGIR
LANJIGARH BHUBANESWAR
ANGULBUDHAPANK
RAJATHGARH
MANESNAR
PARADEEP
KAPILAS RD.
NERGUNDICUTTACK
KHURDA RD.
PURI
NAUPADA
RAYAGADA
JUNAGARH
BARASATBANGAON
PETRAPOL
KATWA
AZIMGANJ
LALGOLA
BANDEL
KHANA
SITARAMPUR
MADHUPUR
SAINTHIAGIRIDIH
DHANBADBARKAKANA
GARHWA ROAD
PATNA
DARBHANGA
SAMASTIPUR
JOGBANI
KUMARGHAT
SAGAULI
BALURGHAT
SINGHABAD
HALDIBARI
NEW JALPAIGURI
RUPSADIGHA
NISCHINTPURNAVIKWANA
LAKSHMIKANTAPUR
CALCUTTAHOWRAHKHARAGPUR
ANDAL
RAMPURHUT
GORAKHPUR
KAPTANGANJ
VALMIKINAGAR
NARKATIAGANJ
RAXAUL
SITAPURSITAPUR
CANTT.
BURHWAL
BHIMSEN
KATNI
JABALPUR
CHHINDWARA
WADSA
NAGBHIRMAJRIRAJUR
BALLARSHAH
PEDDAPALLI
MUDKHEDNANDED
NIZAMABADKARIM NAGAR
ADILABAD
UMRER
NAGPUR
NARKHER
BHILAI
MHOWCHOTAUDEPUR
PRATAPNAGAR
GODHRA
NADIAD
BHAVNAGAR
NAGDA
PIMPALKUTTI
LONAVALA
BARAMATI
PANDHARPUR VIZIANAGARAMKOTTAVALASA
MIRAJ
HOTGI
KURDUWADI
PARLI VAIJNATH
VIKARABAD
GUNTAKAL
DHARMAVARAM
RAYADURG
LONDA
AMBEWADI
MADGAON
SALEM
VILLUPURAMUDAGAMANDALAM
SAKLESHPUR
JOLARPETTAI
TIRUPATI
PAKALA
KATPADI
BODINAYAKKANUR
VIRUDUNAGAR
ERODE
GUDUR
GUNTUR
REPALLE
MACHERLA
VIJAYAWADA
MACHILIPATNAM
GUDIVADA
DORNAKAL
MOTUMARI
BOLARUM
VISAKHAPATNAM
JAGDALPUR
KORAPUT
LAKSHMIPUR
DAMANJODI
BOBBILI
KANNIYAKUMARI
DANGARIMURKONGSELEK
TINSUKIA
DIBRUGARH
LEKHAPANIMORANHUT
NAGINIMORA
TULI
AMGURIJORHAT
FURKATING
DIPHULUMDING
MIGRENDISA
BADARPUR
JIRIBAMSILCHAR
BHAIRABIKUMARGHAT
DITOKCHERRA
AGARTALA
BALIPARA
BHALUKPONG
NEW BONGAIGAONSILGHAT
HAIBARGAON
SENCHOACHAPARMUKH
RANGIYA
GUWAHATI
DUDHNOI
JOGIGHOPA
GOLAPARA
TIRUNELVELI
QUILONTENKASI
MADURAI
COIMBATORE
IRUGUR
TIRUCHCHIRAPPALLI
PODUCHERRY
CHAMARAJA NAGAR
ARAKKONAM CHENGALPATTU
PENUKONDA
KALLURU
NANDYAL
ONGOLE
RAICHUR
RAJAMUNDRY
NARASPUR
TENALI
KAKINADA
SAMALKOT
BHADRACHALAM ROAD
PEN
KAZIPET
JALGAON
BHUSAVAL
JAMNER
CHALISGAON KHAMGAON
ACHALPUR
PULGAONYAVATMAL
WARDHA
TADALI
NAINPUR
MANDLA FORT
BALAGHATRAMTEK
TUMSAR
GUA
BIMLAGARH
BADAMPAHAR
JAKHAPURA
SINGAPURAM
GOPALAPATNAM
DALLI RAJHARA
DHAMTARI
RAJIM
URKURA
RISHIKESH
SA
HA
RA
NP
UR
KANDLA
WANSJALIYA
JETALSAR
SURENDRANAGAR
BILIMORA
DAHEJ
TANKHALA
GANDHINAGAR
TARANGA HILL
PANIMINES
MAVLI
BARI SADRI RUTHIYAI
SARDAR SHAHR
PILIBHIT
CHANDAUSI
ETAH
RAE BARELI
TANDA
CHHOTA AMBANA
JASIDIH
HARMUTI
RANGAPARA
ALIPURDUARDARJEELING
SAKRI
SAHARSA
KHAGARIA
KATIHAR
BHAGALPUR
RADHIKAPUR
RAJGIR
SONPUR
NAMKHANA
KAKDWIP
SEALDAH
NEPAL GANJ
BALAMAU
ROSA
DURG
SAMAKHIALI
UMARPADA
MAHESANA
BAYANA
MAILANI
BARSOI
DHUBRI
DULLABCHERRA
KATAKHAL
KOTSHILA
HAZIPUR
CHHITAUNI
(POSITION AS ON 31-03-2013)
JHAJHA
Ariyalur
Lalgudi
Ponmalai
Sanehwal
Daurai
Ramnagar
Chauri Chaura
Rengali
PALASA
BHADRAK
DHAMRA PORT
Samuktala Rd.
BHIGWAN
MOHOL
GAMHARIASINI
MANOHARAPUR
Gooty
VIRAR
VANCHI MANIYACHCHI
LINE CAPACITY AND UTILISATION ABOVE 100%
CONGESTED NETWORK
65% of sections on High Density Network (HDN) routes are saturated. 7 HDN Routes connecting major urban conglomerates . Indian Railways (IR) has 1219 sections of which 492 sections (40%) are saturated. 18% network carrying 56% traffic
Spin-offs of Network Augmentation
Impact on GDP
Employment generation
Remote area connectivity
Increased rail share in transport sector- more
environment friendly means of transport
Impetus to manufacturing
National integration
FIVE-YEAR ACTION PLAN
8
Goals
Deliver a sustained & measurable improvement in customer service
Make rail a safer means of travel
Expand IR’s capacity substantially & to modernize infrastructure
Make IR financially sustainable
Drivers Adopting a medium-term perspective
Building partnerships
Leveraging additional resources
Revamping management practices, systems, processes, & re-tooling of human resources Setting standards of governance & transparency
Thrust areas
– Quality of life in journeys
– Station redevelopment
– Capacity augmentation
– Safety
– Technology upgradation
– Partnerships for development
– Improvements to management processes & systems
– Resource mobilization
– Human resources
– Energy & sustainability
– Transparency & governance initiatives
Investment focus
• High density corridors prioritized based on revenue generation capacity
• Station redevelopment & logistic parks • Passenger Amenity works • Safety works
– Track renewal – Signalling – Level crossings
• Traffic Facilities • Private participation:
– Liberalised Wagon Incentive Scheme – Logistic parks – Review Private Freight Terminal Operators’ scheme;
modernisation of existing terminals – Encouraging development of alternate routes
11
INVESTMENT PLAN
12
Item 5 years
Rs. In mn € in mn Network Decongestion (including DFC + electrification, Doubling + electrification & traffic facilities)
1993200 28474.3
Network Expansion (including electrification)
1930000 27571.4
National Projects (North Eastern & Kashmir connectivity projects)
390000 5571.43
Safety (Track renewal, bridge works, ROB, RUB and S&T)
1270000 18142.9
Information Technology / Research 50000 714.286 Rolling Stock (Locomotives, coaches, wagons – production & maintenance)
1020000 14571.4
Passenger Amenities 125000 1785.71 High Speed Rail & Elevated corridor 650000 9285.71
Station redevelopment + logistic parks 1000000 14285.7
Others 132000 1885.714
TOTAL 8560200 122289
2015-19
New LineGauge
ConversionDoubling
2014-15 380 880 723
2015-16 500 800 1200
2016-17 400 800 1800
2017-18 400 800 2300
2018-19 400 800 2800
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000Targets for commissioning (kms)
About 500-600 km doubling & 100 km gauge conversion to be commissioned every year involving Railway PSUs
Investment focus (contd.)
Station Development
– Developing identified stations to international standards with modern facilities & passenger amenities on lines of PPP airports
– Land and air-rights of station buildings to be leveraged
– All costs of redevelopment to be met from proceeds of commercial revenues
– To seek participation of private entities
– Technology collaboration with Foreign railways for development of world class terminals
14
30%
13%
14%
15%
28%
GBS INTERNAL GENERATION STATE JVs PPP DEBT
(Rs. in lakh crore/ million €)
Gross Budgetary Support
2.56/ 36571
Internal generation
1.00/ 14286
State JVs 1.20/
17143
PPP 1.30/
18571
Debt 2.50
/35714
Total
8.56/ 122,286
Five year Fund requirement
Initiatives – Resource Mobilisation
•JVs with State Governments
–Railway & State Governments to be shareholders
–Revenue streams from tariff and commercial exploitation of air rights; institutional structure being developed
•JVs with Public Sector Units (PSUs)
–For construction/expansion of lines, JVs to be set up with key customers of IR
–PSU companies to provide funds upfront for undertaking projects
•Off-budget debt
–IR PSUs to leverage free reserves/ equity by IR for raising debt
–IR to help PSUs tap international low cost pension & insurance funds for 20/30 year paper
–IR to repay debt to PSU over loan repayment period
16
Initiatives – Resource Mobilisation
• Innovative financing including PPP • Areas: Redevelopment of railway stations (PPP – BOT),
Electrification & Signalling (EPC; PPP-annuity) , Construction of freight lines/elevated corridor (PPP - BOT or Annuity), Own your train (suppliers’ credit), Port & Mine connectivity projects; (JVs or PPP - annuity), Technical Training Institutes for providing certificates to qualified drivers/ technical staff
• Models for private participation rolled out for freight terminals, wagon investment etc; to be reviewed to ensure flow of funds
• Private investment projects identified; to be bid out
• Non-tariff revenues • Revenues from advertisements, exploiting air rights over stations
& other buildings, land along tracks, OFC for Digital India, export of products & services, tap solar energy along tracks, buildings, etc
17
Initiatives – Efficiency & Productivity
• Efficiency & Productivity – Review of approval processes; timelines & targets to be set; Global
benchmarking of KPIs
– Delegation , Decentralization and De-regulation
– Mechanised maintenance of track
– Audit – systems, HR, energy, water, operations
– Long term PPAs for power procurement
– Project execution
– Special Projects: Bullet trains, Semi-high speed trains, Elevated rail corridors, Satellite towns connectivity
– Dedicated Freight Corridor to be completed on war-footing
– Project prioritisation; high density networks to be taken up, doubling, third line, elevated tracks
– EPC form of contracting to be adopted as far as feasible
18
Initiatives - Customer satisfaction
• Helplines
• Developing world’s best coaches and retrofitting existing coaches
• Introducing Wi-Fi at all major stations
• Development of a Customer Portal integrated with helpline
• Expanding e-catering
• Establishing modern and mechanised base kitchens & base laundries
• Operation 5 minutes for unreserved tickets; introducing mobile ticketing on Smartphones for unreserved tickets.
• Provision of CCTVs in coaches to provide better security to women passengers
• Executive lounges to be developed at all major stations.
19
Reforms
• Policy reforms
– Regulator for tariff setting, private participation &
other activities
– Empowerment at functional level
– Creation of strategic business units for parcels,
suburban , station management and Logistics
– Liberalization of Wagon ownership
– Accounting reforms
– Creating world class railway universities to impart
quality training
20
